Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 12981

Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Series Editors

Randy GoebelUniversity of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Yuzuru TanakaHokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Wolfgang WahlsterDFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

Founding Editor

Jörg SiekmannDFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

More information about this subseries at http://www.springer.com/series/1244

Goreti Marreiros • Francisco S. Melo •

Nuno Lau • Henrique Lopes Cardoso •

Luís Paulo Reis (Eds.)

Progress inArtificial Intelligence20th EPIA Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2021Virtual Event, September 7–9, 2021Proceedings

123

EditorsGoreti MarreirosISEP/GECADPolytechnic Institute of PortoPorto, Portugal

Francisco S. MeloIST/INESC-IDUniversity of LisbonPorto Salvo, Portugal

Nuno LauDETI/IEETAUniversity of AveiroAveiro, Portugal

Henrique Lopes CardosoFEUP/LIACCUniversity of PortoPorto, Portugal

Luís Paulo ReisFEUP/LIACCUniversity of PortoPorto, Portugal

ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)Lecture Notes in Artificial IntelligenceISBN 978-3-030-86229-9 ISBN 978-3-030-86230-5 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86230-5

LNCS Sublibrary: SL7 – Artificial Intelligence

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of thematerial is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or informationstorage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology nowknown or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoes not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevantprotective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book arebelieved to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editorsgive a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors oromissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims inpublished maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AGThe registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

This volume contains the papers presented at the 20th EPIA Conference on ArtificialIntelligence (EPIA 2021), held during September 7–9, 2021, in Portugal. The EPIAConference on Artificial Intelligence is a well-established European conference in thefield of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 20th editionof the conference took place online.1 As in previous editions, this international con-ference was hosted with the patronage of the Portuguese Association for ArtificialIntelligence (APPIA).2 The purpose of this conference is to promote research in allareas of AI, covering both theoretical/foundational issues and applications, and thescientific exchange among researchers, engineers, and practitioners in relateddisciplines.

As in previous editions, the program was based on a set of thematic tracks proposedby the AI community, dedicated to specific themes of AI. EPIA 2021 encompassed 12tracks:

AIoTA Artificial Intelligence and IoT in AgricultureAIL Artificial Intelligence and LawAIM Artificial Intelligence in MedicineAIPES Artificial Intelligence in Power and Energy SystemsAITS Artificial Intelligence in Transportation SystemsALEA Artificial Life and Evolutionary AlgorithmsAmIA Ambient Intelligence and Affective EnvironmentsGAI General Artificial IntelligenceIROBOT Intelligent RoboticsKDBI Knowledge Discovery and Business IntelligenceMASTA Multi-agent Systems: Theory and ApplicationsTeMA Text Mining and Applications

The conference program included four invited talks:

Virginia Dignum (Umeå University, Sweden),with a talk on “Responsible AI: From principles to action”;

Shimon Whiteson (University of Oxford, UK),with a talk on “Factored value functions for cooperative multi-agent rein-forcement learning”;

Lucia Specia (Imperial College London, UK),with a talk on “Multimodal simultaneous machine translation”;

1 The conference website can be found at http://www.appia.pt/epia2021/.2 http://www.appia.pt.

Fredrik Heintz (Linköping University, Sweden),with a talk on “Trustworthy human-centric AI: The European approach”.

For this edition, 108 paper submissions were received from authors in 21 differentcountries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Brazil, Czech Republic, France, Germany, India,Iraq, Italy, Mexico, Morocco, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Serbia, SouthAfrica, Spain, Turkey, the UK, and the USA). After a careful review process, 62 paperswere selected to be presented at EPIA 2021. The acceptance rate was thus circa 57%.All accepted papers were carefully revised by at least three reviewers from the ProgramCommittee of the corresponding track.

We thank the thematic track organizing chairs, together with their respective Pro-gram Committee members, for their hard work. We would also like to express ourgratitude to all the members of the EPIA International Steering Committee for theirguidance regarding the scientific organization of EPIA 2021.

Thank you all.

September 2021 Goreti MarreirosFrancisco S. Melo

Nuno LauHenrique Lopes Cardoso

Luís Paulo Reis

vi Preface

Organization

Event and Program Chairs

Goreti Marreiros GECAD, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalFrancisco S. Melo INESC-ID, Instituto Superior Técnico,

University of Lisbon, PortugalNuno Lau IEETA, University of Aveiro, PortugalHenrique Lopes Cardoso LIACC, University of Porto, PortugalLuís Paulo Reis LIACC, University of Porto, Portugal

Steering Committee

Ana Bazzan Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilAnn Nowe Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BelgiumCatholijn Jonker Delft University of Technology, The NetherlandsErnesto Costa University of Coimbra, PortugalEugénio Oliveira University of Porto, PortugalHelder Coelho University of Lisbon, PortugalJoão Pavão Martins University of Lisbon, PortugalJosé Júlio Alferes NOVA University Lisbon, PortugalJuan Pavón Universidad Complutense Madrid, SpainLuís Paulo Reis University of Porto, PortugalPaulo Novais University of Minho, PortugalPavel Brazdil University of Porto, PortugalVirginia Dignum Umeå University, Sweden

Track Chairs

Artificial Intelligence and IoT in Agriculture

José Boaventura Cunha University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalJosenalde Barbosa Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilPaulo Moura Oliveira University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalRaul Morais University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal

Artificial Intelligence and Law

Pedro Freitas Universidade Católica Portuguesa, PortugalPaulo Novais University of Minho, PortugalMassimo Durante University of Torino, ItalyUgo Pagallo University of Torino, Italy

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Manuel Filipe Santos University of Minho, PortugalCarlos Filipe Portela University of Minho, PortugalAllan Tucker Brunel University London, UKManuel Fernandez Delgado University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Artificial Intelligence in Power and Energy Systems

Zita Vale Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalTiago Pinto Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalPedro Faria Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalElena Mocanu University of Twente, The NetherlandsDecebal Constantin Mocanu University of Twente, The Netherlands

Artificial Intelligence in Transportation Systems

Rosaldo Rossetti University of Porto, PortugalAlberto Fernandez Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain

Artificial Life and Evolutionary Algorithms

Ivo Gonçalves University of Coimbra, PortugalMauro Castelli NOVA IMS, PortugalLuca Manzoni University of Trieste, ItalyLeonardo Trujillo Technical Institute of Tijuana, MexicoCarlos Henggeler Antunes University of Coimbra, Portugal

Ambient Intelligence and Affective Environments

Ana Almeida Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalSara Rodriguez University of Salamanca, SpainGoreti Marreiros Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalPaulo Novais University of Minho, PortugalPeter Mikulecky University of Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic

General Artificial Intelligence

Goreti Marreiros Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalFrancisco S. Melo University of Lisbon, PortugalNuno Lau University of Aveiro, PortugalHenrique Lopes Cardoso University of Porto, PortugalLuís Paulo Reis University of Porto, Portugal

viii Organization

Intelligent Robotics

João Fabro Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, BrazilReinaldo Bianchi Centro Universitário da FEI, BrazilNuno Lau University of Aveiro, PortugalLuís Paulo Reis University of Porto, Portugal

Knowledge Discovery and Business Intelligence

Paulo Cortez University of Minho, PortugalAlbert Bifet Université Paris-Saclay, FranceLuís Cavique Universidade Aberta, PortugalJoão Gama University of Porto, PortugalNuno Marques NOVA University Lisbon, PortugalManuel Filipe Santos University of Minho, Portugal

Multi-agent Systems: Theory and Applications

Ana Paula Rocha University of Porto, PortugalJoão Balsa University of Lisbon, PortugalGraçaliz Pereira Dimuro Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, BrazilAlberto Fernandez Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain

Text Mining and Applications

Joaquim Silva NOVA University Lisbon, PortugalPablo Gamallo University of Santiago de Compostela, SpainPaulo Quaresma University of Évora, PortugalIrene Rodrigues University of Évora, Portugal

Program Committee

Artificial Intelligence and IoT in Agriculture

Andrés Muñoz Ortega Catholic University of Murcia, SpainAneesh Chauhan Wageningen University and Research, The NetherlandsAntónio Valente University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalBrett Whelan University of Sydney, AustraliaBruno Tisseyre University of Montpellier, FranceCarlos Eduardo Cugnasca University of São Paulo, BrazilCarlos Serôdio University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalDinos Ferentinos Hellenic Agricultural Organization “Demeter”, GreeceEduardo Solteiro Pires University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalEmanuel Peres University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalFilipe Santos University of Porto, Portugal

Organization ix

Javier Sanchis Sáez Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainJoão Paulo Coelho Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, PortugalJoaquim Sousa University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalJos Balendonck Wageningen University and Research, The NetherlandsJosé António Sanz Public University of Navarre, SpainKazuhisa Ito Shibaura Institute of Technology, JapanLaura Santana Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, BrazilManoj Karkee Washington State University, USANieves Pávon-Pulido Polytechnic University of Cartagena, SpainPedro Couto University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalPedro Melo-Pinto University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalTatiana Pinho INESC-TEC, PortugalVeronica Saiz-Rubio Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainYuxin Miao University of Minnesota, USA

Artificial Intelligence and Law

Carlisle George Middlesex University London, UKCinthia Freitas Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, BrazilClara Pereira University of Oxford, UKFederico Bueno de Mata University of Salamanca, SpainFlúvio Garcia Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, BrazilGiovanni Sartor European University Institute, ItalyHenrique Sousa Antunes Catholic University of Portugal, PortugalIsabel Pereira University of Lisbon, PortugalLuis Moniz Pereira NOVA University Lisbon, PortugalManuel Masseno Polytechnic Institute of Beja, PortugalPedro Oliveira University of Minho, PortugalRadboud Winkels University of Amsterdam, The NetherlandsSerena Quattrocolo University of Eastern Piedmont, ItalySofia Ranchordas University of Groningen, The NetherlandsVicente Julian Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Álvaro Silva Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, PortugalAndreas Holzinger Medical University Graz, AustriaAntónio Abelha University of Minho, PortugalAntónio Manuel de Jesus

PereiraPolytechnic Institute of Leiria, Portugal

Barna Iantovics Petru Maior University of Tîrgu-Mureş, RomaniaBeatriz de la Iglesia University of East Anglia, UKCinzia Pizzi University of Padua, ItalyFilipe Pinto Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, PortugalGiorgio Leonardi University of Piemonte Orientale, ItalyGöran Falkman Universitet of Skövde, Sweden

x Organization

Hélder Coelho University of Lisbon, PortugalHelena Lindgren Umeå University, SwedenHugo Peixoto University of Minho, PortugalInna Skarga-Bandurova East Ukrainian National University, UkraineJosé Machado University of Minho, PortugalJosé Maia Neves University of Minho, PortugalJúlio Duarte University of Minho, PortugalLuca Anselma University of Turin, ItalyMichael Ignaz Schumacher University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland,

SwitzerlandMiguel Angel Mayer Pompeu Fabra University, SpainMiriam Santos University of Coimbra, PortugalPanagiotis Bamidis Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, GreecePedro Gago Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, PortugalPedro Pereira Rodrigues University of Porto, PortugalRadboud Winkels University of Amsterdam, The NetherlandsRainer Schmidt Institute for Biometrics and Medical Informatics,

GermanyRicardo Martinho Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, PortugalRui Camacho University of Porto, PortugalSalva Tortajada Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainTeresa Guarda Peninsula de Santa Elena University, EcuadorWerner Ceusters University at Buffalo, USA

Artificial Intelligence in Power and Energy Systems

Alfonso Briones Complutense University Madrid, SpainAmin Shokri Gazafroudi Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, GermanyAna Estanqueiro National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, PortugalBrígida Teixeira Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalBruno Canizes Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalBo Noerregaard Joergensen University of Southern Denmark, DenmarkCatia Silva Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalDagmar Niebur Drexel University, USAFernando Lezama Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalFernando Lopes National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, PortugalGermano Lambert-Torres PS Solutions, PortugalGoreti Marreiros Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalHugo Algarvio National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, PortugalIsabel Praça Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalJan Segerstam Empower IM Ou, FinlandJoão P. S. Catalão University of Porto, PortugalJoão Peças Lopes University of Porto, PortugalJose L. Rueda Delft University of Technology, The NetherlandsLuís Gomes Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalOlivier Boissier Henri Fayol Institute, France

Organization xi

Peter Kadar Obuda University, HungaryPierluigi Siano Università degli Studi di Salerno, ItalyRoberto Casado University of Salamanca, SpainRicardo Faia Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalRui Castro University of Lisbon, Portugal

Artificial Intelligence in Transportation Systems

Ana L. C. Bazzan Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilAna Paula Rocha University of Porto, PortugalCarlos A. Iglesias Polytechnic University of Madrid, SpainCarlos Lisboa Bento University of Coimbra, PortugalCristina Olaverri-Monreal Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, AustriaEduardo Camponogara Federal University of Santa Catarina, BrazilEftihia Nathanail University of Thessaly, GreeceEugénio Oliveira University of Porto, PortugalFrancesco Viti University of Luxembourg, LuxembourgFrancisco Pereira Technical University of Denmark, DenmarkGiuseppe Vizzari University of Milano-Bicocca, ItalyGonçalo Correia Delft University of Technology, The NetherlandsHilmi Celikoglu Technical University of Istanbul, TurkeyHolger Billhardt Rey Juan Carlos University, SpainJavier J. Sanchez Medina University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainJoão Jacob University of Porto, PortugalJoão Mendes-Moreira University of Porto, PortugalJosep-Maria Salanova Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, GreeceJuergen Dunkel Hanover University for Applied Sciences and Arts,

GermanyLuís Nunes University Institute of Lisbon, PortugalMarin Lujak University Rey Juan Carlos, SpainRui Gomes ARMIS Group, PortugalSascha Ossowski Rey Juan Carlos University, SpainSoora Rasouli Eindhoven University of Technology, The NetherlandsTânia Fontes University of Porto, Portugal

Artificial Life and Evolutionary Algorithms

Arnaud Liefooghe University of Lille, FranceCarlos Henggeler Antunes University of Coimbra, PortugalCarlos M. Fonseca University of Coimbra, PortugalColin Johnson University of Kent, UKEnder Özcan University of Nottingham, UKEric Medvet University of Trieste, ItalyFernando G. Lobo University of Algarve, PortugalFrancisco B. Pereira Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, PortugalGabriel Kronberger University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Austria

xii Organization

Ivo Gonçalves University of Coimbra, PortugalJames Foster University of Idaho, USAJin-Kao Hao University of Angers, FranceLeonardo Trujillo Technical Institute of Tijuana, MexicoLuca Manzoni University of Trieste, ItalyLuís Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalLuis Paquete University of Coimbra, PortugalMalcolm Heywood Dalhousie University, CanadaMauro Castelli NOVA IMS, PortugalPablo Mesejo Santiago Inria, FrancePenousal Machado University of Coimbra, PortugalPetr Pošík Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech RepublicRui Mendes University of Minho, PortugalStefano Cagnoni University of Parma, ItalyThomas Stützle Université Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumTing Hu Queen’s University, CanadaWilliam B. Langdon University College London, UK

Ambient Intelligence and Affective Environments

Amílcar Cardoso University of Coimbra, PortugalAna Paiva University of Lisbon, PortugalÂngelo Costa Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainAntonio Caballero University of Castilla-La Mancha, SpainAntónio Grilo NOVA University Lisbon, PortugalAntónio Pereira University of Aveiro, PortugalBoon Kiat-Quek National University of Singapore, SingaporeBruno Fernandes University of Minho, PortugalCarlos A. Iglesias Polytechnic University of Madrid, SpainCarlos Ramos Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalCesar Analide University of Minho, PortugalDalila Duraes Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalDavide Carneiro Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalDavy Preuveneers KU Leuven, BelgiumFábio Silva University of Minho, PortugalFernando de la Prieta University of Salamanca, SpainFernando Moreira University Portucalense, PortugalFlorentino Fdez-Riverola University of Vigo, SpainGianni Vercelli University of Genoa, ItalyGrzegorz Napela AGH University of Science and Technology, PolandGuillaume Lopez Aoyama Gakuin University, JapanHector Alaiz Moreton University of Leon, SpainHoon Ko Polytechnic Institute of Porto, South KoreaIchiro Satoh National Institute of Informatics Tokyo, JapanJavier Bajo Polytechnic University of Madrid, SpainJavier Jaen Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain

Organization xiii

Javier Prieto Tejedor University of Salamanca, SpainJean Ilié University Pierre et Marie Curie, FranceJoão Carneiro Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalJoão Ferreira Lisbon University Institute, PortugalJoão Ramos Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalJoão Vilaça Polytechnic Institute of Cávado and Ave, PortugalJosé Machado University of Minho, PortugalJosé Molina University Carlos III of Madrid, SpainJosé Neves University of Minho, PortugalJuan Corchado University of Salamanca, SpainJuan Pavón Complutense University Madrid, SpainJavier Prieto Tejedor University of Salamanca, SpainLino Figueiredo Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalLuís Macedo University of Coimbra, PortugalManuel Rodrigues Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalMiguel Hornos University of Granada, SpainPablo Chamoso University of Salamanca, SpainPenousal Machado University of Coimbra, PortugalRicardo Santos Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalRui José University of Minho, PortugalShin’Ichi Konomi University of Tokyo, JapanTatsuo Nakajima Waseda University, JapanTiago Oliveira National Institute of Informatics, JapanVicente Julián Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainVitor Alves University of Minho, Portugal

General Artificial Intelligence

Amílcar Cardoso University of Coimbra, PortugalAmparo Alonso-Betanzos University of A Coruña, SpainAna Paiva University of Lisbon, PortugalAna Paula Rocha University of Porto, PortugalAndrea Omicini University of Bologna, ItalyArlindo Oliveira University of Lisbon, PortugalBernarde Ribeiro University of Coimbra, PortugalCarlos Lisboa Bento University of Coimbra, PortugalCarlos Ramos Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalCesar Analide University of Minho, PortugalDavide Carneiro Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalEric De La Clergerie Inria, FranceErnesto Costa University of Coimbra, PortugalGaël Dias Normandy University, FranceGoreti Marreiros Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalJoão Balsa University of Lisbon, PortugalJoão Carneiro Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalJoão Gama University of Porto, Portugal

xiv Organization

João Leite NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalJohn-Jules Meyer Utrecht University, The NetherlandsJosé Cascalho University of Azores, PortugalJosé Júlio Alferes NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalJosé Machado University of Minho, PortugalJose Molina University Carlos III of Madrid, SpainJosé Neves University of Minho, PortugalJuan Corchado University of Salamanca, SpainJuan Pavón Complutense University Madrid, SpainLuís Camarinha-Matos NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalLuís Cavique University Aberta, PortugalLuís Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalLuís Macedo University of Coimbra, PortugalLuís Seabra Lopes University of Aveiro, PortugalLuísa Coheur University of Lisbon, PortugalPaulo Cortez University of Minho, PortugalPaulo Novais University of Minho, PortugalPaulo Quaresma University of Évora, PortugalPedro Barahona NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalPedro Rangel Henriques University of Minho, PortugalPenousal Machado University of Coimbra, PortugalRicardo Santos Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalRosaldo Rossetti University of Porto, PortugalSalvador Abreu University of Évora, PortugalTatsu Naka Waseda University, JapanVicente Julian Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainVictor Alves University of Minho, Portugal

Intelligent Robotics

André Conceição Federal University of Bahia, BrazilAndré Luís Marcato Federal University of Juiz de Fora, BrazilAntónio J. R. Neves University of Aveiro, PortugalAntónio Paulo Moreira University of Porto, PortugalArmando Pinho University of Aveiro, PortugalArmando Sousa University of Porto, PortugalAxel Hessler DAI-Labor, TU Berlin, GermanyBrígida Mónica Faria Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalCarlos Carreto Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, PortugalCesar Analide University of Minho, PortugalEurico Pedrosa University of Aveiro, PortugalFei Chen Advanced Robotics Department, ItalyFernando Osorio University of Sao Paulo, BrazilJorge Dias University of Coimbra, PortugalJosemar Rodrigues de

SouzaBahia State University, Brazil

Organization xv

Luís Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalLuis Moreno University Carlos III of Madrid, SpainLuís Seabra Lopes University of Aveiro, PortugalMarco Dorigo Université Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumMikhail Prokopenko The University of Sydney, AustraliaNicolas Jouandeau Université Paris 8, FrancePaulo Urbano University of Lisbon, PortugalSaeed Shiry Amirkabir University of Technology, IranUrbano Nunes University of Coimbra, Portugal

Knowledge Discovery and Business Intelligence

Agnes Braud University of Strasbourg, FranceAlberto Bugarin University of Santiago de Compostela, SpainAlípio M. Jorge University of Porto, PortugalAmílcar Oliveira Portuguese Open University, PortugalAndré Carvalho University of São Paulo, BrazilAntonio Tallón-Ballesteros University of Huelva, SpainArmando Mendes University of Azores, PortugalCarlos Ferreira Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalFátima Rodrigues Polytechnic Institute of Porto, PortugalJoão Moura-Pires NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalJosé Alfredo Ferreira Costa University Rio Grande Norte, BrazilKarin Becker University Rio Grande Norte, BrazilLeandro Krug Wives University Rio Grande Sul, BrazilManuel Fernandez Delgado University of Santiago de Compostela, SpainMarcos Aurélio Domingues State University of Maringá, BrazilMargarida Cardoso University Institute of Lisbon, PortugalMark Embrechts Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USAMohamed Gaber Birmingham City University, UKMurat Caner Testik Hacettepe University, TurkeyOrlando Belo University of Minho, PortugalPedro Castillo University of Granada, SpainPhilippe Lenca IMT Atlantique, FranceRita Ribeiro University of Porto, PortugalRoberto Henriques NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalRui Camacho University of Porto, PortugalSérgio Moro University Institute of Lisbon, PortugalYing Tan Peking University, China

Multi-agent Systems: Theory and Applications

Adriana Giret Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainAlberto Sardinha University of Lisbon, PortugalAlejandro

Guerra-HernándezUniversity Veracruzana, Mexico

xvi Organization

Andrea Omicini University of Bologna, ItalyAntónio J. M. Castro University of Porto, PortugalCarlos Carrascosa Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainCarlos Martinho University of Lisbon, PortugalDaniel Castro Silva University of Porto PortugalDave De Jonge IIIA-CSIC, SpainDiana Adamatti University Federal of Rio Grande, BrazilFrancisco Grimaldo Polytechnic University of Valencia, SpainHenrique Lopes Cardoso University of Porto, PortugalJavier Carbo University Carlos III of Madrid, SpainJoão Leite NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalJohn-Jules Meyer Utrecht University, The NetherlandsJordi Sabater Mir IIIA-CSIC, SpainJorge Gomez-Sanz Complutense University Madrid, SpainJuan Carlos Burguillo University of Vigo, SpainJuan Corchado University of Salamanca, SpainLars Braubach University of Hamburg, GermanyLuis Correia University of Lisbon, PortugalLuis Macedo University of Coimbra, PortugalLuís Nunes Lisbon University Institute, PortugalMarin Lujak University Rey Juan Carlos, SpainMichael Ignaz Schumacher University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland,

SwitzerlandPaulo Leitão Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, PortugalPaulo Novais University of Minho, PortugalRafael Cardoso University of Manchester, UKRamon Hermoso University of Zaragoza, SpainReyhan Aydogan Delft University of Technology, The NetherlandsRosa Vicari Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilViviane Silva IBM Research Brazil, Brazil

Text Mining and Applications

Adam Jatowt University of Kyoto, JapanAdeline Nazarenko University Sorbonne Paris Nord, FranceAlberto Diaz Complutense University Madrid, SpainAlberto Simões University of Minho, PortugalAlexandre Rademaker IBM, FGV, BrazilAltigran Silva Federal University of Amazonas, BrazilAntoine Doucet University of Caen, FranceAntónio Branco University of Lisbon, PortugalBéatrice Daille University of Nantes, FranceBruno Martins University of Lisbon, PortugalEric de La Clergerie Inria, FranceFernando Batista Lisbon University Institute, PortugalFrancisco Couto University of Lisbon, Portugal

Organization xvii

Gabriel Pereira Lopes NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalGaël Dias Normandy University, FranceHugo Oliveira University of Coimbra, PortugalIñaki Vicente Elhuyar Foundation, SpainIrene Rodrigues University of Évora, PortugalJesús Vilares University of A Coruña, SpainJoaquim Ferreira da Silva NOVA University of Lisbon, PortugalKaterzyna Wegrzyn-Wolska ESIGETEL, FranceLuísa Coheur University of Lisbon, PortugalManuel Vilares Ferro University of Vigo, SpainMarcos Garcia University of A Coruña, SpainMário Silva University of Lisbon, PortugalMiguel Alonso University of A Coruña, SpainPablo Gamallo University of Santiago de Compostela, SpainPatricia Martín-Rodilla University of A Coruña, SpainPaulo Quaresma University of Évora, PortugalPavel Brazdil University of Porto, PortugalRenata Vieira University of Évora, PortugalSérgio Nunes University of Porto, Portugal

Additional Reviewers

Alexandre G. LimaAlexandros SiomosAndré MonforteBrais MuñizBrenda Salenave SantanaDiana SousaDiógenes AraújoDiogo Freitas

Francisco J. Ribadas-PenaLouis MartinPaulo MenezesPedro RuasRui AraújoSinan OguzSylvia ChalenconVíctor Darriba

xviii Organization

Abstracts of Invited Speakers

Responsible AI: From Principles to Action

Virginia Dignum

Umeå University, Swedenvirginia.dignum@umu.se

Abstract. Every daywe see news about advances and the societal impact of AI. AIis changing the way we work, live and solve challenges but concerns about fair-ness, transparency or privacy are also growing. Ensuring AI ethics is more thandesigning systems whose result can be trusted. It is about the way we design them,why we design them, and who is involved in designing them. In order to developand use AI responsibly, we need to work towards technical, societal, institutionaland legal methods and tools which provide concrete support to AI practitioners, aswell as awareness and training to enable participation of all, to ensure the align-ment of AI systems with our societies’ principles and values.

Ensuring the responsible development and use of AI is becoming a main direction in AIresearch and practice. Governments, corporations and international organisations alikeare coming forward with proposals and declarations of their commitment to anaccountable, responsible, transparent approach to AI, where human values and ethicalprinciples are leading. In this area, the European Union has been a leading force,having just recently released a proposal for the regulation of AI, the AI Act1.

Many of the AI risks, including bias, discrimination and lack of transparency can belinked to the characteristics of the data-driven techniques that are currently driving AIdevelopment, which are stochastic in nature and rely on the increasing size of datasetsand computations. Such approaches perform well in accuracy but much worse intransparency and explanation. Rather than focus on the limitation of risks and safe-guard of ethical and societal principles, AI governance should be designed as astepping-stone for sustainable AI innovation. More than limiting options, governancecan be used to extend and improve current approaches towards a next generation of AI:truly human-centred AI. This capacity must be nurtured and supported with strongsupport for research and innovation in alternative AI methods, that can combineaccuracy with transparency and privacy, as well and multi-disciplinary efforts todevelop and evaluate the societal and ethical impact of AI.

Responsible AI is fundamentally about human responsibility for the developmentof intelligent systems along fundamental human principles and values, to ensure humanflourishing and well-being in a sustainable world. In fact, Responsible AI is more thanthe ticking of some ethical ‘˜boxes’ in a report, or the development of some add-onfeatures, or switch-off buttons in AI systems. Enforcing responsibility and supportingaccountability for AI and its outcomes is key.

1 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52021PC0206.

Trustworthy Human-Centric AI –The European Approach

Fredrik Heintz

Linköping University, Swedenfredrik.heintz@liu.se

Abstract. Europe has taken a clear stand that we want AI, but we do not wantjust any AI. We want AI that we can trust and that puts people at the center. Thistalk presents the European approach to Trustworthy Human-Centric AIincluding the main EU initiatives and the European AI ecosystem such as thedifferent major projects and organizations. The talk will also touch upon someof the research challenges related to Trustworthy AI from the ICT-48 networkTAILOR which has the goal of developing the scientific foundations forTrustworthy AI through integrating learning, optimisation, and reasoning.

To maximize the opportunities and minimize the risks, Europe has decided to focus onhuman-centered Trustworthy AI based on strong collaboration among key stakehold-ers. According to the High-Level Expert Group on AI, Trustworthy AI has three mainaspects, it should be Lawful, ensuring respect for applicable laws and regulations;Ethical, ensuring adherence to ethical principles and values; and Robust, both from atechnical and social perspective.

There are many technical research challenges related to these requirements,including fairness, explainability, transparency, and safety. To achieve these, we willmost likely need to integrate learning and reasoning in a principled manner whileretaining the explanatory power of more structured, often logical, approaches togetherwith the adaptability, flexibility, and efficiency of data driven machine learningapproaches.

To achieve its grand vision, Europe is establishing a growing ecosystem of AIinitiatives. One key organization is CLAIRE, the pan-European Confederation ofLaboratories for Artificial Intelligence Research in Europe based on the vision ofEuropean excellence across all of AI, for all of Europe, with a human-centred focus.Others are ELLIS, the European Laboratory for Learning and Intelligent Systems, andEurAI, the European AI Association. From the European commission some of the maininitiatives are AI4EU, who is building a European AI On-Demand Platform; the fourICT-48 Networks AI4Media, ELISE, HumaneAI NET and TAILOR, plus the ICT-48CSA VISION; and the public-private partnership (PPP) on AI, data and roboticsbetween EU and Adra (the AI, Data, and Robotics Association), a new organizationformed by BDVA, CLAIRE, ELLIS, EurAI and euRobotics.

Europe has a good position to take the lead on Trustworthy AI globally. We nowneed to consolidate and strengthen the European AI ecosystem so that we can accel-erate towards a human-centric trustworthy future, together.

Multimodal Simultaneous MachineTranslation

Lucia Specia

Imperial College London, UKl.specia@imperial.ac.uk

Simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) aims to translate a continuous input textstream into another language with the lowest latency and highest quality possible.Therefore, translation has to start with an incomplete source text, which is read pro-gressively, creating the need for anticipation. In this talk I will present work where weseek to understand whether the addition of visual information can compensate for themissing source context.

We analyse the impact of different multimodal approaches and visual features onstate-of-the-art SiMT frameworks, including fixed and dynamic policy approachesusing reinforcement learning. Our results show that visual context is helpful and thatvisually-grounded models based on explicit object region information perform the best.Our qualitative analysis illustrates cases where only the multimodal systems are able totranslate correctly from English into gender-marked languages, as well as deal withdifferences in word order, such as adjective-noun placement between English andFrench.

Factored Value Functions for CooperativeMulti-agent Reinforcement Learning

Shimon Whiteson

University of Oxford, UKshimon.whiteson@cs.ox.ac.uk

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) considers how teams ofagents can coordinate their behaviour to efficiently achieve common goals. A keychallenge therein is how to learn cooperative policies in a centralised fashion thatnonetheless can be executed in a decentralised fashion. In this talk, I will discussQMIX, a simple but powerful cooperative MARL algorithm that relies on factoredvalue functions both to make learning efficient and to ensure decentralisability.Extensive results on the StarCraft Multi-Agent Challenge (SMAC), a benchmark wehave developed, confirm that QMIX outperforms alternative approaches, though fur-ther analysis shows that this is not always for the reasons we expected.

Contents

Artificial Intelligence and IoT in Agriculture

Autonomous Robot Visual-Only Guidance in Agriculture Using VanishingPoint Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

José Sarmento, André Silva Aguiar, Filipe Neves dos Santos,and Armando Jorge Sousa

Terrace Vineyards Detection from UAV Imagery Using Machine Learning:A Preliminary Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Nuno Figueiredo, Luís Pádua, Joaquim J. Sousa, and António Sousa

Tomato Detection Using Deep Learning for Robotics Application . . . . . . . . . 27Tiago Cerveira Padilha, Germano Moreira,Sandro Augusto Magalhães, Filipe Neves dos Santos, Mário Cunha,and Miguel Oliveira

Predicting Predawn Leaf Water Potential up to Seven Days UsingMachine Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Ahmed A. Fares, Fabio Vasconcelos, Joao Mendes-Moreira,and Carlos Ferreira

Artificial Intelligence and Law

Towards Ethical Judicial Analytics: Assessing Readability of Immigrationand Asylum Decisions in the United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Laura Scheinert and Emma L. Tonkin

A Comparison of Classification Methods Applied to Legal Text Data . . . . . . 68Diógenes Carlos Araújo, Alexandre Lima, João Pedro Lima,and José Alfredo Costa

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Aiding Clinical Triage with Text Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Rute Veladas, Hua Yang, Paulo Quaresma, Teresa Gonçalves,Renata Vieira, Cátia Sousa Pinto, João Pedro Martins, João Oliveira,and Maria Cortes Ferreira

A Web-based Telepsychology Platform Prototype Using Cloud Computingand Deep Learning Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Diego Pérez-Hernández, Nieves Pavón-Pulido, J. A. López-Riquelme,and J. J. Feliú Batlle

Detecting, Predicting, and Preventing Driver Drowsiness withWrist-Wearable Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Cláudia Rodrigues, Brígida Mónica Faria, and Luís Paulo Reis

The Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Informatics:A Bibliometric Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Bruno Elias Penteado, Marcelo Fornazin, and Leonardo Castro

Artificial Intelligence in Power and Energy Systems

Optimizing Energy Consumption of Household Appliances Using PSOand GWO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Inês Tavares, José Almeida, João Soares, Sérgio Ramos, Zita Vale,and Zahra Foroozandeh

Metaheuristics for Optimal Scheduling of Appliances in Energy EfficientNeighbourhoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Amaia Alfageme, Iker Esnaola-Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Díez,and Eduardo Gilabert

Multitask Learning for Predicting Natural Flows: A Case Study at Paraibado Sul River. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Gabriel Dias Abreu, Leticia F. Pires, Luciana C. D. Campos,and Leonardo Goliatt

PV Generation Forecasting Model for Energy Management in Buildings . . . . 176Brígida Teixeira, Tiago Pinto, Pedro Faria, and Zita Vale

Automatic Evolutionary Settings of Machine Learning Methodsfor Buildings’ Thermal Loads Prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

Gisele Goulart Tavares, Priscila V. Z. Capriles, and Leonardo Goliatt

Artificial Intelligence in Transportation Systems

Minimising Fleet Times in Multi-depot Pickup and Dropoff Problems . . . . . . 199Martin Damyanov Aleksandrov

Solving a Bilevel Problem with Station Location and Vehicle RoutingUsing Variable Neighborhood Descent and Ant Colony Optimization . . . . . . 211

Marcos R. C. O. Leite, Heder S. Bernardino, and Luciana B. Gonçalves

Artificial Life and Evolutionary Algorithms

Genetic Programming for Feature Extraction in Motor ImageryBrain-Computer Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

Gabriel Henrique de Souza, Heder Soares Bernardino,Alex Borges Vieira, and Helio José Corrêa Barbosa

xxvi Contents

FERMAT: Feature Engineering with Grammatical Evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . 239Mariana Monteiro, Nuno Lourenço, and Francisco B. Pereira

Ambient Intelligence and Affective Environments

A Reputation Score Proposal for Online Video Platforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255David Garcia-Retuerta, Roberto Casado-Vara, Diego Valdeolmillos,and Juan M. Corchado

A Reinforcement Learning Approach to Improve User Achievementof Health-Related Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

Diogo Martinho, João Carneiro, José Neves, Paulo Novais,Juan Corchado, and Goreti Marreiros

Urban Human Mobility Modelling and Prediction: Impact of Comfortand Well-Being Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278

Luís Rosa, Fábio Silva, and Cesar Analide

Comparison of Transfer Learning Behaviour in Violence Detection withDifferent Public Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

Dalila Durães, Flávio Santos, Francisco S. Marcondes, Sascha Lange,and José Machado

General AI

Deep Neural Network Architectures for Speech Deception Detection:A Brief Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Andrey Lucas Herchonvicz and Rafael de Santiago

3DSRASG: 3D Scene Retrieval and Augmentation UsingSemantic Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Sharadha Srinivasan, Shreya Kumar, Vallikannu Chockalingam,and Chitrakala S.

Revisiting “Recurrent World Models Facilitate Policy Evolution” . . . . . . . . . 325Bernardo Esteves and Francisco S. Melo

Deep Neural Networks for Approximating Stream Reasoningwith C-SPARQL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338

Ricardo Ferreira, Carolina Lopes, Ricardo Gonçalves, Matthias Knorr,Ludwig Krippahl, and João Leite

The DeepONets for Finance: An Approach to Calibrate the Heston Model . . . 351Igor Michel Santos Leite, João Daniel Madureira Yamim,and Leonardo Goliatt da Fonseca

Contents xxvii

Faster Than LASER - Towards Stream Reasoning with DeepNeural Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

João Ferreira, Diogo Lavado, Ricardo Gonçalves, Matthias Knorr,Ludwig Krippahl, and João Leite

Using Regression Error Analysis and Feature Selection to AutomaticCluster Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

Lucia Emilia Soares Silva, Vinicius Ponte Machado,Sidiney Souza Araujo, Bruno Vicente Alves de Lima,and Rodrigo de Melo Souza Veras

A Chatbot for Recipe Recommendation and Preference Modeling . . . . . . . . . 389Álvaro Mendes Samagaio, Henrique Lopes Cardoso, and David Ribeiro

Intelligent Robotics

Exploiting Symmetry in Human Robot-Assisted Dressing UsingReinforcement Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

Pedro Ildefonso, Pedro Remédios, Rui Silva, Miguel Vasco,Francisco S. Melo, Ana Paiva, and Manuela Veloso

I2SL: Learn How to Swarm Autonomous Quadrotors Using IterativeImitation Supervised Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418

Omar Shrit and Michèle Sebag

Neural Network Classifier and Robotic Manipulation for an AutonomousIndustrial Cork Feeder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

André Salgueiro, Sofia Santos, Artur Pereira, Bernardo Cunha,Eurico Pedrosa, José Luis Azevedo, Nuno Lau, Paulo Lopes,and Tiago Gomes

NOPL - Notification Oriented Programming Language - A New Language,and Its Application to Program a Robotic Soccer Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445

João Alberto Fabro, Leonardo Araujo Santos, Matheus Diniz de Freitas,Adriano Francisco Ronszcka, and Jean Marcelo Simão

Compound Movement Recognition Using Dynamic Movement Primitives . . . 456Ali H. Kordia and Francisco S. Melo

Metaheuristics for the Robot Part Sequencing and Allocation Problemwith Collision Avoidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469

Marco Croucamp and Jacomine Grobler

Knowledge Discovery and Business Intelligence

Generalised Partial Association in Causal Rules Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485Ana Rita Nogueira, Carlos Ferreira, João Gama, and Alberto Pinto

xxviii Contents

Dynamic Topic Modeling Using Social Network Analytics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498Shazia Tabassum, João Gama, Paulo Azevedo, Luis Teixeira,Carlos Martins, and Andre Martins

Imbalanced Learning in Assessing the Risk of Corruption in PublicAdministration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

Marcelo Oliveira Vasconcelos, Ricardo Matos Chaim, and Luís Cavique

Modelling Voting Behaviour During a General Election Campaign UsingDynamic Bayesian Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524

Patrício Costa, Ana Rita Nogueira, and João Gama

ESTHER: A Recommendation System for Higher Education Programs . . . . . 537Bruno Mota da Silva and Cláudia Martins Antunes

A Well Lubricated Machine: A Data Driven Model for Lubricant OilConditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549

Roney Malaguti, Nuno Lourenço, and Cristovão Silva

A Comparison of Machine Learning Methods for Extremely UnbalancedIndustrial Quality Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561

Pedro José Pereira, Adriana Pereira, Paulo Cortez, and André Pilastri

Towards Top-Up Prediction on Telco Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573Pedro Miguel Alves, Ricardo Ângelo Filipe, and Benedita Malheiro

Biomedical Knowledge Graph Embeddings for Personalized Medicine. . . . . . 584Joana Vilela, Muhammad Asif, Ana Rita Marques, João Xavier Santos,Célia Rasga, Astrid Vicente, and Hugo Martiniano

Deploying a Speech Therapy Game Using a Deep Neural Network SibilantConsonants Classifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596

William Costa, Sofia Cavaco, and Nuno Marques

Data Streams for Unsupervised Analysis of Company Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609Miguel Carrega, Hugo Santos, and Nuno Marques

Multi-agent Systems: Theory and Applications

One Arm to Rule Them All: Online Learning with Multi-armed Banditsfor Low-Resource Conversational Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625

Vânia Mendonça, Luísa Coheur, and Alberto Sardinha

Helping People on the Fly: Ad Hoc Teamwork for Human-Robot Teams. . . . 635João G. Ribeiro, Miguel Faria, Alberto Sardinha, and Francisco S. Melo

Ad Hoc Teamwork in the Presence of Non-stationary Teammates . . . . . . . . . 648Pedro M. Santos, João G. Ribeiro, Alberto Sardinha,and Francisco S. Melo

Contents xxix

Carbon Market Multi-agent Simulation Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661João Bernardo Narciso de Sousa, Zafeiris Kokkinogenis,and Rosaldo J. F. Rossetti

Cloud Based Decision Making for Multi-agent Production Systems. . . . . . . . 673Hamood Ur Rehman, Terrin Pulikottil, Luis Alberto Estrada-Jimenez,Fan Mo, Jack C. Chaplin, Jose Barata, and Svetan Ratchev

A Data-Driven Simulator for Assessing Decision-Making in Soccer . . . . . . . 687Tiago Mendes-Neves, João Mendes-Moreira, and Rosaldo J. F. Rossetti

Text Mining and Applications

CyberPolice: Classification of Cyber Sexual Harassment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701Priyam Basu, Tiasa Singha Roy, Soham Tiwari, and Saksham Mehta

Neural Text Categorization with Transformers for Learning Portugueseas a Second Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715

Rodrigo Santos, João Rodrigues, António Branco, and Rui Vaz

More Data Is Better Only to Some Level, After Which It Is Harmful:Profiling Neural Machine Translation Self-learning with Back-Translation . . . 727

Rodrigo Santos, João Silva, and António Branco

Answering Fill-in-the-Blank Questions in Portuguese with TransformerLanguage Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739

Hugo Gonçalo Oliveira

Cross-Lingual Annotation Projection for Argument Mining in Portuguese . . . 752Afonso Sousa, Bernardo Leite, Gil Rocha, and Henrique Lopes Cardoso

Acceptance Decision Prediction in Peer-Review ThroughSentiment Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766

Ana Carolina Ribeiro, Amanda Sizo, Henrique Lopes Cardoso,and Luís Paulo Reis

Application of Data Augmentation Techniques for Hate Speech Detectionwith Deep Learning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778

Lígia Iunes Venturott and Patrick Marques Ciarelli

Automated Fake News Detection Using ComputationalForensic Linguistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788

Ricardo Moura, Rui Sousa-Silva, and Henrique Lopes Cardoso

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801

xxx Contents