Leadership

• Definition– Classic: "Complex influence process involving

leader, followers and situation to bring about change"

– Workable: “Seeing tomorrow and taking other there”

Theories

• Expectation of theories– Explain– Predict

• Accuracy --

• A long time thinking – since ……..

Great Man Theories

• Birth– Divine right of Kings

• Blood– I can win more battles than you can

• Supernatural Event– Asteroid crashes on the day of birth

Traits

• 1. Individual characteristic– A particular characteristic or quality that

distinguishes somebody• 2. Inherited characteristic

– GENETICS, a quality or characteristic that is genetically determined

• 3. Indication – A hint or trace of something

Traits

• Physical– Body

• Height• Physique • Eye color

• Mental– Smartest

• IQ• Test scores

Behaviors

• What do leaders do:– Direct– Support– Participate– Coach– Facilitate

Contingency • Combinations of Behaviors &Environments• Ohio State

– Initiating structures + Consideration = High-high leader

• Michigan– Employee-oriented and Production-oriented

• Hersey/Blanchard– Situational Theory

• Relationship behavior• Task behavior• Maturity of followers

• House– Path-Goal Theory

• Leader is accepted as long as followers see the behavior in their best interest

Fred Fiedlier’s Contingency Theory• LPC

– Task motivation– relationship motivation

• Situational Favorableness– (1) Leader-Member Relations

• referring to the degree of mutual trust, respect and confidence between the leader and the subordinates

– (2) Task Structure• referring to the degree to which the task at hand is low in

multiplicity and high in verifiability, specificity, and clarity– (3) Leader Position Power

• referring to the power inherent in the leader's position itself

• The Grid – find and explain

Contingency Theory

• Implications ….. If– People don’t change?

– If … you’re in a situation that cannot be changed

Modern Theories

• Transformational

• Charismatic

• Substitutions for Leadership

A model – but not a theory• Who

– Risk– Power– Self Knowledge EI– Presence– Energy/Passion– Vision

• How– Communication – Motivation– Behaviors

• Supportive• Directive• Participative• Reward and Punishment• Charismatic

• Where– Followers– Situation