latin america: revolution and reaction into the 21 st century
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Latin America: Revolution and Reaction into the 21 st Century. By: Hannah Mullen, Sophia Denney, Sarah Winton, Katelyn Sallee, & Noah Boggs. Latin America: 20 th Century. Argentina Goal was development Military begins to return government to civilian politicians. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Latin America: Revolution and Reaction into the 21st CenturyBy: Hannah Mullen, Sophia Denney,
Sarah Winton, Katelyn Sallee, & Noah Boggs
Latin America: 20th Century World War II ends-
Latin America is not hugely involved
Political agitation increases
• Argentina• Goal was
development• Military begins
to return government to civilian politicians
Mexico and the PRI PRI still controlled Mexico But loosens hold near end of 20th
century Gov. joins NAFTA
› economic growth PRI’s control ceases almost entirely
with election of Vicente Fox in 2000
Radical Unrest Surge of unrest- socialist
nature Events in:
› Bolivia 1952 revolution>>> land
redistribution and mine nationalization
› Guatemala Region’s worst problems
› Cuba Caught up in Cold War
struggles, many reforms
Guatemala-In Depth Economy dependent on bananas and
coffee Series of military governments can’t solve
problems› Juan Jose Arevalo:
Pres. of Guatemala, elected 1944 Philosophy of “spiritual socialism” Encourages labor movement Institutes social reforms
Directed against companies like United Fruit Company (Guatemala’s most important economic concern during 20th century)
The Cuban Revolution 1956-1959 Causes: people want democracy and
freedom, to get rid of dictator Fulgencio Batista› Fidel Castro leads revolution and promises
democracy (lie) › Ernesto “Che” Guavara helps him lead the
26th of July Movement Effects: new ruler (Castro), Marxist
regime, eventually extreme poverty
Videos Fidel Castro Castro and the Cuban Revolution
Characteristics of the Period Catholic church had more political
influence› JPII criticizes system of liberation theology-
combined Catholic and socialist concepts Common theme of military leaders who
had support of US› Nationalistic, but hardly any economic
growth
The New Democratic Trends By 1990s, democratic trends well
established› Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Nicaragua,
Guatemala, & Panama Still problems
› Leftist rebel groups (Columbia, Peru)› Cuba remains communist› Struggling economies- inflation
US & Latin America Military intervention to protect interests Other interventions:
› 1930s: US Good Neighbor Policy FDR started this to repair US image in Latin
America› 1960s: Alliance for Progress- begun by US
develop Latin America as alternative to radical political solutions
limited success› 1970s: US-built Panama Canal opened to
Panamanian Gov.
US & Latin America- (continued)
US supports Chilean military revolt- overthrew the president (Salvador Allende) in 1973
US-supported or created governments in Latin America were called banana republics
Important People Augusto Sandino- led a guerrilla
resistance movement against US occupation forces in Nicaragua
Vicente Fox- leader of the Conservative National Action party; his election in 2000 marked the end of PRI dominance in Mexico
Juan Peron- led in Argentina, overthrown by a military group in 1955 but Peronism (his program/ideas) continued for decades after.
Society & Culture Women’s roles
› Denied the vote until 1929 in Ecuador› Feminist movements › Industrial jobs expand to include women› Still discrimination, hard to change attitudes
Majority Catholic, but Protestants make inroads
Music and dance important part of popular culture
Writers gain world recognition
Works Cited "Fidel Castro." 2013. The Biography Channel
website. Apr 19 2013, 12:22. "Cuban Revolution (Summary)." History Wars
Weapons. Anonymous User, 18 Nov. 2012. Web. 19 Apr. 2013.
“Castro and the Cuban Revolution.” 2013. The History Channel website. Apr 19 2013, 12:27
"Latin America: Revolution and Reaction in the 20th Century." Appleton Area School District. Web. <http://www.aasd.k12.wi.us/staff/hermansenjoel/Notes/Latin%20America%20in%20the%2020th%20century.pdf>.
http://wps.ablongman.com/long_stearns_wcap-4/