latest developments in hamamatsu large format pmts

Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.

Latest developments in Hamamatsu Large Format

PMTsVLVnT09 in October, 2009

Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.

Electron Tube Division

Yuji Hotta


Contents

1. Profile of Hamamatsu2. Developmental status for Large Format PMTs - 12 inch PMT - High QE - New photocathode for low temperature operation


Profile of Hamamatsu


Where we are locatedWhere we are located

Hamamatsu is a name of a city.HONDA, YAMAHA and SUZUKI(famous motor cycle companies) are located in the same area.

Population : 824K (as of September, 2009)

KAWAI

ROLAND


JAPAN

Japanese Standard MAP

Global Network of Global Network of HamamatsuHamamatsu

EuropeUSA

(Subsidiaries)

(Subsidiaries)

GREECE


Established : Sept 29, 1953Employees : 2,580(As of Sept. 08)Net Sales : \99B ($950M)(FY2008)

Electron Tube DivisionElectron Tube DivisionSolid Sate DivisionSolid Sate Division Systems DivisionSystems Division

Laser GroupLaser GroupCentral Research LabCentral Research Lab

Hamamatsu Photonics Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.K.K.


Developmental status for Large Format PMTs

- 12 inch PMT- High QE- New photocathode for low temperature operation


8 inch 10 inch13 inch

20 inchApplication :Neutrino Experiment

Large Format PMTsLarge Format PMTs

too large!

too expensive!too small!

Experiment Name Type Number PMT Size Quantity

NESTOR R8055 13 inch 160

ANTARES R7081-20 10 inch 900

NEMO R7081SEL 10 inch 90

AMANDA R5912-02 8 inch 800

ICECUBE R7081-02 10 inch 5,300

ICECUBE/Deep Core R7081-02MOD 10 inch 400

Double-CHOOZ R7081MOD-ASSY 10 inch 800

Daya Bay R5912ASSY 8 inch 2,250

RENO R7081ASSY 10 inch 890

KamLAND R7250 20 inch 1,200

IMB R4558 8 inch 2,000

SNO R1408 8 inch 8,700

Kamiokande R1449-01 20 inch 1,000

Super-Kamiokande R3600-05 20 inch 11,200


Development ofDevelopment of 　　 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT

Items 12-inch PMTR7081

10-inch PMTR5912

8-inch PMT

Diameter 305 mm 253 mm 202 mm

Effective Area 275 mm min. 220 mm min. 190 mm min.

Tube Length 330 mm 245 mm 220 mm

Dynodes LF/10-stage LF/10-stage LF/10-stage

Applied Voltage 2000 V 1500 V 1500 V

GAIN 1.0E+07 1.0E+07 1.0E+07

T.T.S. (FWHM) 2.7 ns 2.9 ns 2.4 ns

P/V Ratio 2.5 2.5 2.5

Dark Counts 10,000 cps 7,000 cps 4,000 cps


Development of 12 inch Development of 12 inch PMTPMT



12 inch PMT

Some spacefor divider

17 inchGlass Sphere


Development of 12 inch Development of 12 inch PMTPMT

10 inch PMT 12 inch PMT

NEW!


Development ofDevelopment of 　　 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT12 inch PMT V- Gain

1E+03

1E+04

1E+05

1E+06

1E+07

1E+08

1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500

SUPPLY VOLTAGE [V]

GA

IN



12 inch PMT Example QE data

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200 300 400 500 600 700 800Wavelength [nm]

Qua

ntum

Effi

cien

cy [

%]



Supply Voltage : 2000 V

Rise Time : 4.0 ns 100 mV / Div , 10ns / Div

Fall Time : 6.7 ns

12inch PMT WAVEFORM


Development ofDevelopment of 　　 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT12 inch PMT Cathode Uniformity

0

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-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Position angle [degree]

Rel

ativ

e O

utpu

t [%

]

X-AXIS

Y-AXISDate : 2009.09.11

Serial No. : ZN0038Spot Dia. : 5 [mm]

Wavelength : 410 [nm]Supply Voltage : 150 [V]

Y

X+-

+

-

D y 1

D y 2

( T O P V I E W )


Development ofDevelopment of 　　 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT12 inch PMT Anode Uniformity

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-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Position angle [degree]

Rel

ativ

e O

utpu

t [%

]

X-AXIS

Y-AXISDate : 2009.09.11

Serial No. : ZN0038Spot Dia. : 5 [mm]

Wavelength : 410 [nm]Supply Voltage : 1920 [V]

Y

X+-

+

-

D y 1

D y 2

( T O P V I E W )


High QE Bialkali PhotocathodeHigh QE Bialkali Photocathode


Definition of SBA/UBA

R9880New TO-8 typeMetal Package

R7600/R89001 inch SquareMetal Package

Min. Typ.

Photocathode(suffix)

Available Products

Ultra Bialkali"UBA" (-200)

38% 43%R7600/R8900

(Metal Package PMT)

QE at peakwavelength

Super Bialkali"SBA"

(-100/-110)32% 35%

R7600/R8900/R9880(Metal Package PMT)

1-1/8"-5"Glass Bulb types


R7081 (10” PMT) with High R7081 (10” PMT) with High QEQE

Example QE data R7081 (10 inch)

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Wavelength [nm]

Qua

ntum

Effi

cien

cy [

%] High QE Type

Champion Data

35.8 % at 380 nm

Standard

26 % at 380 nm


R7081 (10” PMT) with High R7081 (10” PMT) with High QEQE

R7081HQE QE Histogram

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

- 32.5 - 33.0 - 33.5 - 34.0 - 34.5 - 35.0 35 -

QE [%] at 380 nm

Nu

mb

er

of

Tu

be

s (

pc

s)

Average : 34%Sample : 404 pcs


Development of Photocathode for Low

Temperature

Photocathode with Al pattern

Photocathode with Pt underlay QE becomes low due to decrease of transmittance

• Purpose of development– Dark matter experiment

– Liquid Xe : -110 deg. C / 175 nm emission

– Liquid Ar : -186 deg. C / 128 nm emission to be converted to 420 nm photons by WLS

　　　

1/40


Example QE datafor R5912 (8 inch) Pt

underlay

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Wavelength [nm]

Qua

ntum

Effi

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cy [

%]

Low QE


QE data of New Photocathode


Cathode Linearity of New Photocathode


R5912 (8 inch) with new photocathode

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Wavelength [nm]

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%]


Summary

- Hamamatsu has been developing 12 inch PMT. Some sample PMTs will be available next year.

- Hamamatsu continues to improve QE.- Hamamatsu has found new photocathode for

low temperature operation. We are trying to apply the new photocathode for large format PMTs.


END


Back Up


Metal Package PMTs

Metal Channel DynodesMicro processing technology

FeaturesCompact, Fast Time Response Position SensitiveImmunity to magnetic field

<Cross-section>

Array of LinearFocused Dynode

1 mm

1 mm

R9880

R7600


R7600 & R8900 Various Anode Types

4 channelsM4 (2x2)

16 channelsM16 (4x4)

64 channelsM64 (8x8)

Cross-Plate

C12 (6+6)(R7600-M64 only) (R8900-C12 only)

X

Y

18.0 mm

25.7 mm

23.5 mm

26.2 mm

WI NDOWWI NDOW

Difference of R7600 & R8900

R7600 (R5900)

R8900

Multi-anodeFiber Coupling

ImagingRICH

Focusing

Proximity

MCD


0

10

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200 300 400 500 600 700

Wavelength [nm]

Qua

ntum

Effi

cien

cy [

%]

Latest Data of R7600-200 (UBA)

<<Specification>>Typical : 43 %Minimum : 38 %at peak Wavelength

Example data with 10 tubes

41%~45%


Conventional PMTs with SBA

R6231-100

(2 inch)

R3998-100(1-1/8 inch)

R6233-100

(3 inch)For Better Energy Resolution

Applications:Radiation detectionGamma CameraRadiation Probe

R877-100 (5”) is now available!


Energy Resolution vs. QEQE at 380 nm vs Energy Resolution (LaBr3 + Cs137)

y = 13.671x-0.4096

R2 = 0.9019

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

20 25 30 35 40 45QE at 380 nm (% )

Energ

y R

eso

luti

on (

FWH

M)

(%)

R7600

R7600-100 (SBA)

R7600-200 (UBA)

R3998-100 (SBA)

Radiation Source : Cs137 (662KeV)Scintillator : LaBr3 0.5"dia x 0.5"Supply Voltage : 400-500V (R3998-100) 800V (R7600)


HPD Compared with PMTHPD Compared with PMT<HPD>

EB GAIN : 1000~2000

AD GAIN : 30~100

<PMT>

DYNODE GAIN : 3~10

GAIN = 4x4x4x…x4x4x4

Total gain: ~1x105

AD (Avalanche Diode)

Total gain: ~1x106


Pulse Height DistributionPulse Height Distribution<HPD>

<PMT>

Prime Feature : Good Pulse Height DistributionPrime Feature : Good Pulse Height Distribution

1pe

2pe

3pe

4pe

5pe

K-APD = 12KV 1pe

2pe


Large Format HPDLarge Format HPD

330mm

13 inches

280mm

<Collaboration>The Univ. of Tokyo and JST (JAPAN SCIENCE

AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY)

Development will beDevelopment will befinished by spring 2012finished by spring 2012

AD Target : 5mm TTS(FWHM) : 440 ps


EB Gain and Avalanche EB Gain and Avalanche GainGain

13 inch HPD13 inch HPDTotal : 2.3e+05Total : 2.3e+05

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