lab instrumentation & lab safety - lecture notes - tiu
TRANSCRIPT
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Tishk International UniversityFaculty of Science Medical Analysis Department
Lab Instrumentation & Lab safety
1st Grade- Fall Semester 2020-2021
Microscope Lect. 6
Dr. Kazhan I. [email protected]
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Learning outcomes
By the end of this session, you will be able to:
• Define microscope
• Explain the functions of microscope
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Definition of microscope
• It is an instrument that produces enlarged images of small objects, allowing the observer an exceedingly close view of minute structures at a scale convenient for examination and analysis.
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History
• Three Dutch spectacle makers—Hans Jansen, his son Zacharias Jansen, and Hans Lippershey—have received credit for inventing the compound microscope about 1590.
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History cont. (1)
• In 1655 – English natural philosopher Robert Hooke used a compound microscope to observe pores in cork.
• In his book he invented the term cell.
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History cont. (2)
• The Dutch civil servant Antonie van Leeuwenhoek began his pioneering observations of freshwater microorganisms in the 1670s.
• He made his postage-stamp-sized microscopes by hand, and the best of them could resolve details around 0.7 μm.
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Magnification power
• The magnifying power of a microscope is an expression of the number of times the object being examined appears to be enlarged.
• It is usually expressed in the form 10× (for an image magnified 10-fold).
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Types of microscope
• The most familiar type of microscope is the optical (or light) microscope, in which glass lenses are used to form the image.
• Optical microscopes can be simple, consisting of a single lense
or• compound, consisting of several optical
components in line.
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Differences
• Single-lensed simple microscopes can magnify up to 300×—and are capable of revealing bacteria
• Compound microscopes can magnify up to 2,000×.
• A simple microscope can resolve below 1 micrometer (μm; one millionth of a metre); a compound microscope can resolve down to about 0.2 μm.
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Other types of microscopes
• Other types of microscopes use the wave nature of various physical processes.
• The most important is the electron microscope, which uses a beam of electrons in its image formation.
• The transmission electron microscope (TEM) has magnifying powers of more than 1,000,000×.
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Microscope parts
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• Always carry with 2 hands• Never touch the lenses with your fingers• Only use lens paper for cleaning• Keep objects clear of desk and cords
Microscope care & safety
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Learning objectives
Now, you will be able to:
• Define microscope
• Explain the functions of microscope
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Thank you