kavanagh mansfield & partners eurocodes
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Institution of Civil EngineersRepublic of Ireland Section
Eurocodes:
Implementation in Ireland by 2010Introduction
Jim Mansfield
Liaison Engineer EN 1990 and EN 1991
Chairman Liaison Engineers Group
Institution of Civil Engineers
Republic of Ireland Region
Eurocodes:
Implementation in Ireland by 2010
Introduction
Jim Mansfield
Liaison Engineer EN 1990 and EN 1991
Chairman Liaison Engineers Group
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EUPublic
ProcurementDirective PPD
(EU)
Eurocodes (CEN)
ConstructionProducts
Directive CPD(EU)
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Purpose of Eurocodes as set out by EU Commission
Common design criteria for strength, fire, durability, economy
Common understanding of design of structures for owners, users, designers, contractors and suppliers
Exchange of construction services between Member States
Facilitate use of components and kits in Member States
Facilitate use of materials and products in Member States
Common basis for research and development
Common design for design aids and software
Increase competitiveness of European construction industry worldwide
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28 member states within Europe28 member states within Europe
Funded by European Union/EFTAFunded by European Union/EFTA
MembersMembers
Ireland NSAIIreland NSAI
UK BSIUK BSI
Europe CEN – CENELEC - EOTAEurope CEN – CENELEC - EOTA
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Construction ProductsDirective
Essential RequirementsInterpretive Documents
Mandates
Technical Specifications
European HarmonizedStandards (hEN’s)
European Technical Approvals (ETAs) + (ETAGs)
Category ADesign & Execution
Category BProduct Standard
Attestation of Conformity
CE Marking
(Eurocodes)
Construction Products Directive 89/106/EEC
In place since 1989
Currently discussions are being held to replace it with
Construction Products Regulations
For agreement 2009
This will be applied by the Commission and will apply all over Europe
CE marking will become mandatory 2011/2012
Will apply in Ireland so all should be aware
May be some easing of rules for SMEs
Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government looking at this
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Guidance Paper L Application and Use of Eurocodes(Construction Products Directive)
Prove compliance of Building and Civil Engineering works with essential requirements of Construction Products Directive
1 – Mechanical resistance and stability2 – Safety in case of fire4 – Safety in use
As a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services
As a framework for drawing up Harmonized Technical Specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs)
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Product hENs
Must be consistency between specifications and Eurocodes
2 main types of properties
(a) properties determined by testing e.g. Concrete steel etc.(b) properties determined by calculations e.g. Prefabricated elements or kits
Allow “appropriate levels and classes” for national provisions and NDP’s in the various Eurocodes
Declare all values in information for CE marking and for use in structural design
Products that have declared values to Eurocode calculation methods, following hENs, and with CE marking must be allowed on the market and allowed to be used for the intended purpose in all member states.
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Eurocodes should be referred to in hENs
- for products involving structural calculations- for products whose properties are determined by the Eurocodes- May utilise NDP’s where applicable. - Express in terms of characteristic values with NDP’s calculated by designer- or Design values if NDP’s in country of use determined by manufacturer
Provide all information necessary to use the product structurallyMust comply with provisions including Production Control and Testing
If Eurocodes are to be used to assess strength of a product. Then these must be used by manufacturers and accepted in all member states without additional tests
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1
2
3
Provide geometrical data and material performance characteristics generally off – the shelf product
Provide declared values for structural components & kits(relate to NDP’s where necessary) based on Eurocode
off the shelf and made to measure products
Refer to Client drawings/documentsmade to measure products (responsibility by
Designer) for specific project
3 methods
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CE Marking
Will become mandatory. Currently not in Ireland, UK and Sweden All states must recognise and accept assessment of products
States cannot impose additional requirements
Important for Manufacturers to comply with hENs and ETAs
Important for Exporters and Importers to be fully aware of rules
Designers must also be aware of specification rules
Harmonized product standards to be available to avoid dumping of inferior products
NSAI and Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government looking at this
area at the moment as discussed earlier
Rules are changing for Ireland in respect of CE marking
CE Marking
Declared values of product performance
CE Mark not a Safety mark in itself
Just that it has been tested in accordance with a technical specification
Construction products are intermediary
Manufacturer cannot envisage every end use
These to be analysed by end user (designer, contractor, etc) to ensure fitness for use
For particular applicationFor conditions of use
In compliance with Part D of the Buildings Regulations
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Public Procurement Directive PPD
Mandatory for all construction contracts greater than
€5 million
Also for design contracts over €130,000 etc.
i.e. Road Bridges, Public Buildings
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Eurocodes
+
National Annexes
will be mentioned specifically in Technical Guidance
Documents
Also in DMRB for “Bridge Works”
NRA a party to the Bridge parts
Prima facie method of compliance
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Public Procurement Directive
- Other rules acceptable if equivalent to Eurocodes- Use either Eurocode and NDPs or- Other performance specification clear to both designers and owner
(possible use of National Codes)- This should be clearly specified in advance for a level playing field- Difficult to prove prima facie acceptance to Building Regulation etc.
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LIST OF CODES
EN 1990 EC0 Basis of Structural Design 1 parts
EN 1991 ECI Actions on Structures 10 parts
EN 1992 EC2 Design of Concrete Structures 4 parts
EN 1993 EC3 Design of Steel Structures 20 parts
EN 1994 EC4 Design of Composite Steel & Concrete Structures 3 parts
EN 1995 EC5 Design of Timber Structures 3 parts
EN 1996 EC6 Design of Masonry Structure 4 parts
EN 1997 EC7 Geotechnical Design 2 parts
EN 1998 EC8 Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance 6 parts
EN 1999 EC9 Design of Aluminium Structure 5 parts
Total 58 parts
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STRUCTURAL SAFETY SERVICEABILITY DURABILITY
ACTIONS (LOADS)Material independant
MATERIAL SPECIFIC DESIGN AND DETAILING
GEOTECHNICAL AND SEISMIC DESIGNMaterial independant
EN 1990
EN 1991
EN 1992 EN 1994 EN 1996
EN 1993 EN 1995 EN 1999
EN 1997 EN 1998
Relationship of Codes
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EN 1991
EN 1992
EN 1993
General
Fire
Bridges
Parts 1.1
Parts 1.2
Parts 2
EN 1994 Silos and TanksParts 4
Horizontal Co-ordination of Codes
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1.5 Definitions
For the structural Eurocode suite, attention is drawn to the following key definitions, which may be different from current national practices:
“Action” means a load, or an imposed deformation (e.g. Temperature effects or settlement).
“Effects of Actions” or “Action effects” are internal moments and forces, bending moments, shear forces and deformations caused by actions.
“Strength” is a mechanical property of a material, in units of stress.
“Resistance” is a mechanical property of a cross-section of a member, or in a member or structure.
“Execution” covers all activities carried out for the physical completion of the work including procurement, the inspection and documentation thereof. The term covers work on site; it may also signify the fabrication of components off site and their subsequent erection on site.
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Foreword:BackgroundStatus and Field of ApplicationNational StandardsLinks to Harmonized Technical SpecificationAdditional InformationNational Annex
Section 1:GeneralScopeReferencesAssumptionsPrinciples Application RulesDefinitions and Symbols
Eurocode Typical Part
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Other Sections(EN 1992-1-1 example)
- Basis of Design- Materials- Durability- Analysis- Ultimate Limit States- Serviceability Limit States- Detailing- Precast- Lightweight Aggregates- Plain Structures- Annexes - Informative- Normative
- National Annex
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EN 1990 “Basis of Structural Design”
CONTENTS
Foreword
1. General Scope Assumptions Symbols etc2. Requirements – Basic, Reliability, Working Life, Durability, Quality3. Principles of Limit State Design – Design Situations4. Basic Variables – Actions, Materials, Geometry5. Structural Analysis and Design assisted by Testing6. Verification by the Partial Factor Method
Design ValuesUltimate Limit SlateServiceability Limit Slate
Annexes
A1 - Application for BuildingA2 - Application for Bridges etc.B - Management of Structural Reliability for Construction WorksC - Basis for Partial Factor Design and Reliability AnalysisD - Design assisted by Testing
National Annex
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EN 1990 - Assumptions
Choice of Structural System and Design of the structure made by appropriate qualified and experienced personnel
Execution (Construction) by personnel with appropriate skills and experience
Adequate supervision and quality control (in design offices, factories and on sites)
Materials and products used as in EN 1990 – EN 1999 and supporting material or product specifications
Structure adequately maintained
Structure used in accordance with Design Assumptions
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Principles – EN 1990
General Statement and Definitions (1.4 (2))(No alternative)
Requirement and Analytical Modes(No alternatives)
Identified by letter P after paragraph number (1.4 (3))
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Application Rules
Generally Recognised Rules 1.4(4)which comply with the principles and satisfy their requirements
Alternative rules may be used if(a) accord with principles(b) equivalent with regard to structural safety, serviceability and durability
Identified by paragraph number without letter
If alternative used then design may not be wholly in accordance with EN 1990, although in accordance with the priciples. IF EN 1990 is used in repect of a product standard, the alternative rule may not be acceptable for CE Marking.
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Requirements
A structure shall be designed and executed in such a way that it will, during its intended life, with appropriate degrees of reliability and in an economical way
- sustain all actions and influences likely to occur during execution and use- remain fit for purpose for which it is required
Structural resistance, serviceability and durability
Adequate resistance to fire
Robustness Requirements - Resistance to accidental action not disproportionate to original cause
Suitable choice of materials, design, detailing and execution
Due skill and care exercised based on generally available knowledge and good practice
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Partial factor verification limit states
Design resistance to be greater than design value of effects of actions
Take into account material properties / geometrical propertiesUse section 6 and the relevant Annex A eg buildings bridges etcEquations 6.10, 6.10a and 6.10b are relevant for ultimate states with
equations 6.11 for accidental and 6.12 for seismic and equations6.13 to 6.16b for serviceability limits statesdepending on the load combination.
Different equations for characteristic, frequent and quasi permanent combinations
Partial factors are specified nationallyCombination rules apply
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Ultimate Limit States
EQU - EquilibriumSTR - StrengthGEO - Ground Failure/DeformationFAT - Fatigue Failure
Combination of Actions Representative Values of ActionsAchievement of Consistent Levels of ReliabilityUse of Alternative EquationsGeotechnical Actions and Resistances
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- Serviceability Limit States(Reversible and Irreversible)
deflexioncrackingvibration
- Accidental Limit States (including Snow)
- Seismic Limit States(EN 1998 – Not generally applicable in Ireland)
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Safety (Reliability)Within competence of members states
- Differences in geographical or climatic conditions- Different levels of protection- Technical classes- Alternative design methods- Determined at national level- Nationally Determined Parameters (NDPs)- National Annex
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National Implementation
EN Eurocode text (official languages English, French & German)
Equivalent text (National language)
National Title Page
National Foreword
National Annex (with NDP’s)
National Annex not necessary if all recommended values accepted e.g. IS.
EN 1991-6 “Silos and Tanks”
Or not relevant – IS. EN 1998 “Seismic Design”
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National Annex includes;
NDP’s Nationally Determined Parameters
Decisions on Informative Annexes
Non contradictory complementary information
Bibliography (optional)
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Nationally Determined Parameters
- Must be clearly made known- Apply in member state that structure is built in not designed in- Do not replace with National Regulations- Apply to Public Procurement Projects
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National Annexes (NA’s) – Irish Approach
Nationally Determined Parameters (NDP’s)
Consider use of Eurocode Recommended Values
UK values should be considered in view of BSI standards currently being used in Ireland
Review for Irish conditions cf BS 8110 and IS 326/BS 8500 and IS EN 206
More flexible than UK e.g. Alternative Geotechnical Designs
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National Annexes
EN 1990 Basis of Structural DesignIssuedMinor differences with UK. European Recommended Values normally used
EN 1991 -1-1 Dead & Imposed Loads - issuedIrish divergence from UK values National Annex much closer to European Recommended Value.
EN 1991 -1-2 Fire - issuedStudy by BRE. Similar to UK
EN 1991 -1-3 SnowSimilar to UK
EN 1991 -1-4 WindStudy by Arup Wind likely to be similar to UK
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National Annexes - Studies
EN 1991-1-2 Actions on Structures Exposed to Fire Study by BRE - UK practice
EN 1991-1-4 Wind Actions – in progressStudy by Arup Wind (likely to be UK practice) – New wind mapAwaiting publication of UKNA
EN 1992 Design of Concrete Structures – in progressStudy by Kavanagh Mansfield & Partners & Lee McCullough & Partners
EN 1993 Following European practice
EN 1996 Design of Masonry Structures – in progressStudy by Lee McCullough & Partners
Bridge Study National Road Authority – study of Bridge related partsRoughan & O’DonovanFaber Maunsell (likely to be similar to UK practice)Also Iarnrod Eireann
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Implementation
Clock ticking – March 2010
National Annex publication
Demand from Europe
Public Works contracts
Withdrawal of National Codes
Up to date design
Product standards
Acceptance of CE marking
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References
Eurocodes ISEN 1990-ISEN 1999 published by NSAI with National Annexes Codes also published by other National Standards bodies
Designers Guide to EN1990 Gulvanessian, Calgaro, and Holicky, Thomas Telford
Geotechnical Design to Eurocode 7, Trevor Orr and Eric Farrell
Designers Guide to the other EN’s published by Thomas Telford
Eurocode website, commission website, jrc website, www.eurocodes.co.uk, Institution of Civil Engineers
“Implementation of Structural Eurocodes in the U.K”, Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
“National Strategy for Implementation of the Structural Eurocodes”, Institution of Structural Engineers
Numerous articles published in NSAI, Engineers Ireland, IStructE and NCE journals
Access steel, Concrete Society
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Eurocodes – Seminars
EN 1990 “Basis on Design”
EN 1991 “Actions on Structures” and
EN 1998 “Seismic Action”
Speakers:Jim Mansfield, Chairman of Eurocodes Technical Group andDr. Brian Broderick, Dept of Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering, TCD
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VENUES:
11 November
Venue: Sheraton Athlone HotelGleeson StreetAthloneCo. Westmeath
18 November
Venue: Engineers Ireland22 Clyde RoadBallsbridgeDublin 4
25 November
Venue: Cork International Airport HotelGate 2Cork Airport Business ParkCork
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Eurocodes – Seminar
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Booking Information
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Date Venue
11 November Sheraton Athlone Hotel, Gleeson Street, Athlone □
18 November Engineers Ireland, 22 Clyde Road, Ballsbridge □25 November Cork International Airport Hotel, Cork___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Session Time 9 – 5pm
Fee: EI Members €325 □ Non Members €425 □Fee includes course material, tea/coffee and lunch
Payment: Payment must accompany registration and may be made by ChequeCredit Card or, where appropriate, Purchase Order.
Cancellation: A 50% cancellation fee (to cover administration costs) will becharged for cancellations received within 7 days prior tocommencement of the seminar. Cancellations received onthe day of the seminar will incur the full seminar fee.Substitutions are allowed.
Booking: Bookings can be made by returning this Registration Form.Telephone bookings MUST BE accompanied by written confirmation either by post or fax
Contact: CPD Training Team, Engineers Ireland, 22 Clyde Road,Ballsbridge, Dublin 4. Phone 01 665 1325, Fax: 01 668 4248