kapatgutta survey#dg07 gdg

SURVEY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN SELECTED PARTS OF KAPPAT GUDDA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DRAVYAGUNA SHASTRA.

BY

Dr. Channaveerswamy.B.Inamdar

Dissertation submitted to the

Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, Bangalore

In partial fulfillment of the degree of Ayurveda Vachaspati M.D.

In

DRAVYA GUNA

Under the Guidance of Dr.G.V.MULAGUND MD (AYU)

And Co-guidance of

Dr. KUBER SANKH MD (AYU)

Department of Dravya Guna

Post Graduate Studies & Research Centre,

D.G. MELMALAGI AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE, GADAG –582103

2004 – 2007

Ayurmitra

TAyComprehended

Declaration by the candidate

I here by declare that this dissertation / thesis entitled “Survey of medicinal

plants in selected parts of kappat gudda with special reference to

Dravyaguna shastra” is a bonafide and genuine research work carried out by

me under the guidance of Dr. G.V.Mulagund M D (AYU) professor and H.O.D,

Dr. Kuber Sankh M D (AYU) Lecturer in Dravya Guna, DGMAMC, PGS&RC,

Gadag.

Date: Dr. Channaveerswamy.B.Inamdar.

Place: Gadag

D.G.M.AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE

POST GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

CENTRE

GADAG-582103

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Survey of medicinal plants in selected

parts of kappat gudda with special reference to dravyaguna shastra” is a bonafide

research work done by Dr. Channaveerswamy.B.Inamdar in partial fulfillment of the

requirement for the post graduation degree of “Ayurveda Vachaspati M.D. (Dravya

Guna)” Under Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka.

Co- Guide Dr. KUBER SANKH

M.D. (Ayu) Lecturer in Dravya Guna

DGMAMC, PGS&RC, GADAG

Date:

Place: Gadag

Guide Dr. G.V. MULAGUND M.D. (Ayu) Professor & HOD Dept. of Dravya Guna DGMAMC, PGS&RC, GADAG

Date:

Place: Gadag


POST GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

CENTRE

GADAG, 582 103

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Survey of medicinal plants in

selected parts of kappat gudda with special reference to dravyaguna shastra”

is a bonafide research work done by Dr. Channaveerswamy.B.Inamdar in partial

fulfillment of the requirement for the post graduation degree of “Ayurveda

Vachaspati M.D. (Dravya Guna)” Under Rajiv Gandhi University of Health

Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka.

Date:

Place:

Shri B.I.Biradar. M.Sc. (Botany) Lecturer J.S.V.V’S P.U.Science College Gadag

© Copy right

Declaration by the candidate

I here by declare that the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health

Sciences, Karnataka shall have the rights to preserve, use and

disseminate this dissertation/ thesis in print or electronic format for the

academic / research purpose.

Date : Dr. Channaveerswamy.B.Inamdar.

Place : Gadag

© Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka

J.S.V.V. SAMSTHE’S


POST GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH CENTRE

GADAG, 582 103

Endorsement by the H.O.D,Principal/head of the

institution

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Survey of medicinal plants in

selected parts of kappat gudda with special reference to dravyaguna shastra” is a

bonafide research work done by Dr. Channaveerswamy.B.Inamdar under the

guidance of Dr.G.V.MULAGUND MD (AYU) Professor and H.O.D Dept of

dravyaguna and Dr. KUBER SANKH, MD (AYU) in partial fulfillment of the

requirement for the post graduation degree of “Ayurveda Vachaspati M.D. (Dravya

Guna)” Under Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka.

(Dr. G. B. PATIL) Principal,

DGM Ayurvedic Medical College, Gadag

Date: Place: GADAG

(Dr. G. V. MULAGUND) Professor & HOD

Dept. of Dravya Guna PGS&RC.

Date: Place: GADAG

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This is a moment of great pleasure and contentment for me as the last phase in

completion of this research work

I am deeply indepted to our beloved Principal Dr.G.B.Patil. For his constant

encouragement during the entire phase of the study

I take this glorious opportunity to knowledge with deep sense of gratitude to my

guide Dr.G.V.Mulagund. Professor, H.O.D.department of post graduate studies research

Dravyaguna Shri D.G.M.A.M.C.Gadag. For his valuable guidance and close supervision

throughout the dissertation work

I express my deep sense of gratitude to Dr.Kuber Sankh. Lecturer department of

Dravyaguna Shri D.G.M.A.M.C.Gadag. For his constant encouragement throughout this

dissertation work

My profound gratitude to my associate guide Shri Biradar M.Sc (Botany) lecturer

department of botany J.S.V.V’S P.U Science College Gadag.

I also take this opportunity with deep sense of gratitude to Dr.G.S.Hiremath.

Professor department of dravyaguna Shri D.G.M.A.M.C.Gadag.

I express my heartly gratitude to Dr.S.B.Nidagundi.lecturer department of

dravyaguna Shri D.G.M.A.M.C.Gadag.

I am very much thanks full to Dr.Veena kori, lecturer department of dravyaguna Shri

D.G.M.A.M.C.Gadag.

I am very much thankful to Shri.M.B.mamdapur.H.O.D.department of botany

J.T.College gadag for his valuable suggestions through out the dissertation work

I thank to department of dravyaguna, teaching and non teaching staff for providing

the necessary facilities to carry out this work

I wish to add my warmest thanks to my P.G.teaching

faculty,Dr.M.C.Patil,Dr.K.Shivaramprasad,Dr.ShashidharDoddmani,Dr.Santosh

Belavadi,Dr.Jagadish.Mitti,DrR.V.Shetter, Dr.Girish Dananappagoudar.

My sincere thanks to my colleagues Dr.S.S.sajjanar,Dr.Ashok Bingi,

Dr.D.S.kendadamath, Dr.Sharanu Angadi,Dr.Lingareddi Biradar,Dr.VijayHiremath,

Acknowledgement - I

Dr.Anand Doddmani,Dr.Jagadish Handiganoor, Dr.S.S.Gangur, Dr.V.M.kataraki,

Dr.Ashwini vastrad, Dr.Shivalilakudari, Dr.ShaliniSharma, Dr.Shivakumar. Somlapur,

Dr.Savita Bhat, Dr.JayaMalgoudar,Dr.KalavatiPethlur, Dr.Mukta Arali

My sincere thanks and great fullness to Shri kenchappanavar R.F.O. Mundargi.and

also the forester S.K.Pawar, Shri Balaji forest guard, Shri Basavaraj narayanpur forest

watchmen for their timely help made me to complete this dissertation work successfully.

I sincerely thank Shri V.M.Mundinamani librarian for their timely help during my

study.

I am thank full to my friendsDr.V.B.Gindimath,Dr.B.I.Makandar,Dr.V.V.Joshi,

Dr.Sanjeevreddi,Dr.C.C.Domadiya,Dr.KaushikDahima,Dr.Sharat meti, Dr.SwapniJagtap,

Dr.MangeshThamke,Dr.SushantJadhav,Dr.Gangadhar Aralelimath, PrashantB.K,

SantoshMeti,Amithdas,Dr.Geeta,Dr.Vidya,Dr.Vaishali Dr.Vibhavari, Dr.Priyanka,

Dr.Pallavi for their kind co-operation and encouragement during the course of this study.

I express my deepest gratitude to my grand father Shri Shivmurthy Swamy Ex.M.P.

And my parents Shri Bhujanga Swamy, Smt.Vimala and my sister Madhuri Nagesh

Murthy. Who have inspired me to continue my P.G. study with their constant moral

support.

Finally my sincere thanks to who are nearer and dearer to me for their

encouragement and help during the course of this study.

Dr.C.B. Inamdar

Acknowledgement - II

ABSTRACT

Kappat gudda is a tropical zone, where large amount of medicinal plants are

available. It is one of the hilly areas situated in the Gadag district of Karnataka state.

The range of kappat gudda starts from Binkadakatti of Gadag district extends to

shingtaloor (south of mundargi taluk) and almost touches Tungabhadra River.

The kelur beat is a part of kappat gudda situated in mundargi taluk of a Gadag district.

Here is an attempt to explore the treasure of knowledge of ayurvedic science where the

survey of medicinal plants in selected hilly parts of kappat gudda and its medicinal uses

are considered.

OBJECTIVES- 1. Survey of the medicinal plants available in the selected hilly parts of kappat

gudda and identify them botanically and also by the information available in

dravya guna.

2. Documenting the information about the uses of the available plants based on

Nighantus as well as classical references.

3. Collecting the information related to vernacular names and distribution of plants.

4. Specimens available in kappat gudda will be maintained in the herbarium of post

graduate Dept of dravya guna of D.G.M.Ayurvedic Medical College and

Research centre Gadag-03.

Review of Literature

a) Latin name, Family, Kula and Gana

b) Vernacular names and synonyms according to different Nighantus

c) Botanical Description and Habitat

d) Useful Part according to different authors

e) Properties according to different Nighantus

f) Action and Uses according to different Nighantus

g) Methods of Purification

h) Contraindications

i) Vishishta Yogas

Abstract- III

Methodology Selection of selected part of the kappat gudda in view of rich floral growth.

The present survey was conducted at kelur beat. This is a part of kappat

gudda situated in the mundargi taluka of gadag district. This kelur beat begins from

kelur village to Mallappana Maddi temple to the extent of 2-4 Kms not the whole of

kappat gudda hill range.

Photographs of each medicinal plant (i.e. Whole plant, flower, fruit etc separately) also

be taken.

Each plant has been studied systematically in a following manner.

1. Identification-Through herbariums (Collected plant specimens from natural habitat)

2. Nomenclature – Naming the plants on the basis of Latin name, Sanskrit name and

through different vernacular names.

3. Classification-By referring Benthum and Hooker classification for identification of

family.

4. Botanical description-By referring Flora of Karnataka, Bombay ,A Text book of

systemic botany by prof R.N.Sutaria,Indian medicinal plants by kirtikar basu the

habitate,botanical description of the plants are given.

Study duration –one year

Discussion

Most of the plants grown in this Kelur beat area are belongs to the family’s like

caesalpinaceae, apocyanaceae, mimosoideae, moraceae .etc

Most of the plants grown in this area are having madhura,tikta,katu,kashaya rasas

predominantly, but surprisingly ushna and sheeta virya drugs are distributed grossly

equally in this area .

Conclusion • The same plant is known by different names in different regions and this causes

much confusion in the correct identification of the plants.

• So an attempt was made on the investigation of the selection of the correct plants

relating to the Ayurvedic drugs in the selected parts of kappat gudda in view of

rich floral growth.

Abstract- IV

Abstract- V

CONTENTS

Page No. 1) Introduction 1-3

2) Objectives 4

3) Review of Literature

a) Latin name, Family, Kula and Gana 5-15

b) Vernacular names and synonyms according to different

Nighantus 16-88

c) Botanical Description and Habitat 89-109

d) Useful Part according to different authors 110-116

e) Properties according to different Nighantus 117-141

f) Action and Uses according to different Nighantus 142-214

g) Methods of Purification 215

h) Contraindications 216

i) Vishishta Yogas 217-227

4) Methodology 228-230

5) Discussion 231-233

6) Conclusion 234-236

7) Summary 237-239

8) References 240-242

Contents- V

ABBREVIATIONS

A.H. Asthanga Hridhaya

.A.S. Asthanga Samgraha

B.P. Bhavaprakash

B.P. N. Bhavaprakash Nighantu

B.R. Bhaishajya Ratnavali

B.S. Bhela Samhita

C.Chi. Charaka Samhita Chikitsa sthana

C.D. Chakradatta

C.S. Charaka Samhita

D.N. Dhanvantari Nighantu

D.G. Dravya Guna by P.V.Sharma

G.N. Gada nigraha

I.M.M Indian Materia Medica

I.M.P. Indian Medicinal Plants.

K.N. Kaiyadev Nighantu

M.N. Madanapala Nighantu.

.N.A. Nighantu Adarsha.

R.N. Raja Nighantu

R.T. Rasa tarangini

S.G. Sharangadhara Samhita

S.S. Sushruta Samhita

Y.R. Yoga Ratnakara

Abbreviations- VI

LIST OF TABLES Sl. No

LIST OF TABLES Page. No

1 Showing Name of the drug, Latin name, Family/ Kula and Gana 5-15 2 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Amlika 16 3 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Ankola 17 4 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Aparajita 18 5 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Aragvadha 19 6 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Aristhaka 20 7 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Arjuna 21 8 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Atibala 22 9 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Avartaki 23 10 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Avartani 24 11 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Ashwatha 25 12 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Badara 26 13 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Bruhati 27 14 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Bilva 28 15 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Bhumyamalaki 29 16 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Bimbi 30 17 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Chakramarda 31 18 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Chandan 32 19 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Chirabilva 33 20 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Dhava 34 21 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Dhanvana 35 22 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Dugdhika 36 23 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Dronapushpi 37 24 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Dhatura 38 25 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Gambhari 39 26 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Gojihva 40 27 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Gokshura 41 28 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Guduchi 42 29 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Haritaki 43 30 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Ishwari 44 31 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Ingudi 45 32 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Jambu 46 33 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Karamarda 47 34 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Karavellaka 48 35 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Karanja 49 36 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Kapitha 50 37 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Karira 51 38 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Kanchanar 52 39 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Kadhira 53 40 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Kasamarda 54 41 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Kataka 55

List of Tables -

VII

42 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Krishnasariva 56 43 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Kutaja 57 44 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Indrayava 58 45 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Lajjalu 59 46 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Latakaranja 60 47 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Madhuka 61 48 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Mamsarohini 62 49 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Meshashringi 63 50 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Nadihingu 64 51 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Nilini 65 52 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Nimba 66 53 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Palasha 67 54 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Parisha 68 55 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Patalagarudi 69 56 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Plaksha 70 57 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Prishnaparni 71 58 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Punarnava 72 59 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Raktagunja 73 60 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Raktakaraveera 74 61 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Sariva 75 62 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Satala 76 63 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Shaka 77 64 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Sharapunkha 78 65 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Shirisha 79 66 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Shleshmantaka 80 67 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Shatavari 81 68 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Shwetashigru 82 69 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Tarakari 83 70 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Tinduka 84 71 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Udumbara 85 72 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Vanapalandu 86 73 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Vasa 87 74 Showing Vernacular names and synonyms of Vata 88 75 Showing Useful parts of the drugs according to different authors 110-116 76 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Amlika 117 77 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Ankola 117 78 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Aparajita 118 79 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Aragvadha 118 80 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Arjuna 118 81 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Arishtaka 119 82 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Atibala 119 83 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Avartaki 119 84 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Avartani 120 85 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Ashwatha 120 86 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Badara 120 87 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Bruhati 121

List of Tables -

VIII

88 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Bilva 121 89 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Bhumyamalaki 121 90 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Bimbi 122 91 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Chakramarda 122 92 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Chandana 122 93 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Chirabilva 123 94 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Dhava 123 95 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Dhatura 123 96 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Dhanvana 124 97 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Dhugdika 124 98 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Dronapushpi 124 99 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Gambhari 125 100 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Guduchi 125 101 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Gojihva 125 102 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Gokshura 126 103 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Haritaki 126 104 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Ishwari 126 105 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Ingudi 127 106 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Jambu 127 107 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Karanja 127 108 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Kasamarda 128 109 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Kapitha 128 110 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Kanchanar 128 111 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Karavellaka 129 112 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Karira 129 113 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Kutaja 129 114 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Indrayava 130 115 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Karamardra 130 116 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Kataka 130 117 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Krishnasariva 131 118 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Kadhira 131 119 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Lajjalu 131 120 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Latakaranja 132 121 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Mamsarohini 132 122 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Madhuka 132 123 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Meshashringi 133 124 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Nimba 133 125 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Nilini 133 126 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Nadihingu 134 127 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Palasha 134 128 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Patalgarudi 134 129 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Plaksha 135 130 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Parisha 135 131 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Prishnaparni 135 132 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Punarnava 136 133 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Raktagunja 136

List of Tables -

IX

134 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Raktakaraveera 136 135 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Satala 137 136 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Shirisha 137 137 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Sharapunkha 137 138 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Shwetashigru 138 139 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Shaka 138 140 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Shatavari 138 141 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Shleshmantaka 139 142 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Sariva 139 143 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Tarakari 139 144 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Tinduka 140 145 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Udumbara 140 146 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Vanapalandu 140 147 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Vasa 141 148 Showing Properties according to different Nighantus of Vata 141 149 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Amlika 142 150 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Ankola 143 151 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Aparajita 144 152 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Aragvadha 145 153 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Arishtaka 146 154 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Arjuna 147 155 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Atibala 148 156 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Ashwatha 149 157 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Avartaki 150 158 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Avartani 151 159 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Badara 152 160 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Bruhati 153 161 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Bilva 154 162 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Bimbi 155 163 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of

Bhumyamalaki 156

164 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Chandana 157 165 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Chakramarda 158 166 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Chirabilva 159 167 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Dhava 160 168 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Dhanvana 161 169 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Dhatura 162 170 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Dronapushpi 163 171 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Dugdika 164 172 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Gambhari 165 173 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Gokshura 166 174 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Gojihwa 167 175 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Guduchi 168 176 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Haritaki 169 177 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Ishwari 170 178 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Ingudi 171

List of Tables -

X

179 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Jambu 172 180 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Karamarda 173 181 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Karavellaka 174 182 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Karira 175 183 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Karanja 176 184 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Kasamarda 177 185 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Kapitha 178 186 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Kanchanar 179 187 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Kataka 180 188 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Kutaja 181 189 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Indrayava 182 190 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Krishnasariva 183 191 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Lajjalu 184 192 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Latakaranja 185 193 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Madhuka 186 194 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Mamsarohini 187 195 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of meshashringi 188 196 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Nilini 189 197 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Nimba 190 198 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Nadihingu 191 199 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Palasha 192 200 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Parisha 193 201 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Plaksha 194 202 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Patalgarudi 195 203 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Prushnaparni 196 204 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Punarnava 197 205 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of

Raktakaravira 198

206 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Raktagunja 199 207 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Kadhira 200 208 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Sariva 201 209 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Satala 202 210 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Sharapunka 203 211 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Shwetashigru 204 212 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Shakha 205 213 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Shatavari 206 214 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Shirisha 207 215 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Shlesmantaka 208 216 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Tarakari 209 217 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Tinduka 210 218 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Udumbara 211 219 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Vanapalandu 212 220 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Vasa 213 221 Showing Action and Uses according to different Nighantus of Vata 214 222 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Amlika 217 223 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Ankola 217

List of Tables -

XI

224 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Aragvadha 217 225 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Arjuna 217 226 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Ashwatha 217 227 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Atibala 218 228 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Bruhati 218 229 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Bilva 218 230 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Bimbi 218 231 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Chakramarda 219 232 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Chandana 219 233 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Dhava 219 234 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Dhanvana 219 235 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Dhatura 219 236 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Gambhari 220 237 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Gokshura 220 238 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Guduchi 220 239 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Haritaki 221 240 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Ingudi 221 241 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Ishwari 221 242 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Jambu 221 243 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Kapitha 221 244 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Karanja 222 245 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Kanchanar 222 246 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Kataka 222 247 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Kutaja 222 248 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Nadihingu 223 249 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Nilini 223 250 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Nimba 223 251 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Palasha 223 252 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Parisha 223 253 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Plaksha 224 254 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Prishnaparni 224 255 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Punarnava 224 256 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Raktagunja 224 257 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Raktakaravira 225 258 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Sariva 225 259 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Shakha 225 260 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Shatavari 225 261 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Shirisha 226 262 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Shwetashigru 226 263 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Tarakari 226 264 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Udumbara 226 265 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Vasa 227 266 Showing Vishishta Yogas of Vata 227 267 Showing Availability of plants in the selected part of Kappatta Gudda 232-233

List of Tables -

XII

List of maps

Sl.no List of maps

1 Mundargi taluk village map

2 Mundargi beat map

3 Kelur village map

List of Maps- XIII

List of photographs

Sl.no List of photographs 1 View of selected part of kappat gudda

2 Images of plants Tamarindus indicus, Alangium lamarkii, Clitoria ternatea, Cassia fistula.

3 Images of plants Sapindus laurifolious, Terminalia arjuna, Abutilon indicum, Cassia auriculata.

4 Images of plants Helicteres isora, Ficus religiosa, Ziziphus jujuba, Solanum indicum.

5 Images of plants Aegle marmel os, Phyllanthes urinaria, Coccinia indica, Cassia tora.

6 Images of plants Santalum album, Holoptelia integrifolia, Grewia tilifolia, Anogeisus latifolia.

7 Images of plants Dhatura metel, Euphorbia thymifolia, Leucas cephalotus.

8 Images of plants Gmelina arborea, Elephantopus scaber, Tribulus terrestris, Tinospora card folia.

9 Images of plants Terminalia chebula, Aristolochia indica, Balanitis aegyptica, Syzigium cumini.

10 Images of plants Carissa carandus, Momordica charantia, Pongamia pinnata.

11 Images of plants Cassia occidentalis, Feronia elephantum, Bouhinia variegate, Capparis decidua.

12 Images of plants Strychnos potatorum, Ichnocarpus frutescence, Holarrhena antidysentrica.

13 Images of plants Mimosa pudica, Caesalpinia crista, Soymida febrífuga.

14 Images of plants Bassia latifolia, Gymnema sylvestrae, Indigofera tinctoria.

15 Images of plants Azadirachta indica, Gardenia lucida, Uraria picta, Thespesia populnea.

16 Images of plants Butea monosperma, Cocculus hirsutus, Boerhavia diffusa.

17 Images of plants Ficus lacor, Nerium odorum, Abrus precatorius.

18 Images of plants Acacia catechu, Hemidesmus indicus, Acacia concinna.

19 Images of plants Tephrosia purpurea, Moringa oleifera, Tectona grandis.

20 Images of plants Asparagus racemosus, Albezia lebbeck, Cordia oblique.

21 Images of plants Clerodendron phlomidis, Disporus embryopteres, Ficus glomerata.

22 Images of plants Adhatoda vasica, Urgenia indica, Ficus bengalensis.

List of Photographs- XIV

Introduction

INTRODUCTION Ayurveda Ancient science of life is believed to be prevalent for last 5000

years in India. It is one of the most noted systems of Medicine in the world.

Ayurveda is a treasure of traditional rich herbal medicine based on experience

over many centuries. Indians had an incredible knowledge of phytomedicine. The

herbal drug plays a key role in the treatment aspects and it is essential to know the

morphology and properties of herbs. So which is enable one to identify and procure

genuine drug material.

At no time in the history of Mankind, progress has been so rapid and as

meaningful as that achieved in last two decades in our understanding of drugs of

natural origin.

The human being appears to be afflicted with more diseases than any other

animal species. In the past, almost all the medicines used were from plants, the plant

being man’s only chemist for ages.

Human passion on herbal medicine dated back to times immemorial. As we

all aware, the survival of Animal kingdom is dependent of the plant kingdom. The

plants/herbs have played major part in the treatment aspects .During the Vedic period

in India Vedic literature indicates mainly about the utility of single herbs in the

management of common diseases. Similar trend is visible during the samhita period

as well.

Plants forms a major source of drugs and it is necessary to have a fairly full

knowledge regarding the position of the plant wealth. India is a vast country with

huge tropical variation. The character of the plant vary according to the region and

climate due to this the morphology of plant can differ which brings out controversy to

identification of plants.

Survey of medicinal plants in selected parts of Kappat gudda 1

Introduction

The importance of herbs especially medicinal plants is identified in the modern times

by many scholars and scientists. It will be surprising for many to notice that number

of scientific studies conducted on medicinal plants/herbs by scientists of other

faculties like botanist, chemists, pharmacologists and modern doctors is 80-90%

compared to 10-20% contribution by I.S.M Doctors.

Preliminary analysis of medicinal plants distribution shows that most of the

medicinal plants are distributed across diverse habitats and landscape elements

around 70% of India’s medicinal plants are found in the in the tropical Zone. The

proportion of medicinal plants recorded in the dry and moist deciduous tropical

forests is higher as compare to those recorded in the tropical evergreen forests.

Karnataka state, part of the union of India, was formed oh 1st November 1956

to fulfill the aspiration of the kannada-speaking people. Are as from several

contiguous administrative units were pooled together to form a territory of 1,92,204

square kilometers situated between 110,400 and 180,270 north latitude and 740,51 and

780,331 east longitude in the centre of western peninsular India.

Kappat gudda is a dry and moist deciduous hill station, where large amount of

medicinal plants are available. It is one of the hilly areas situated in the Gadag district

of Karnataka state.

The range of kappat gudda starts from Binkadakatti of Gadag district extends

to shingtaloor (south of mundargi taluk) and almost touches Tungabhadra River.

The hills comprising of kappat gudda almost all are of same height. The hills

are situated about ‘1:2500’ height above sea level. In general the hills are covered by

thick forest. Consisting of mainly shrubs and trees. During rainy seasons because of

the development and full growth of plants and trees the entire area appears as a green

belt. To highlight the scene of greenery there is a popular saying in this part of the

region as instead of seeing seventy hills, the viewing of kappatgiri is more pleasant

and beautiful.


Introduction

The climate of the district is semi – arid .The maximum temperature here is about 42o

Celsius and night temperature can be low as14o Celsius during January. The general

terrain of the district is typical of the Deccan plateau.

The kappat hills range has a tremendous potential to harness wind to generate energy

.The kappat hills is ranked third in the potential site for harnessing wind energy in the

Karnataka state after Baba Budan hills in chikkamagalur district and jogimatti hills in

chitradurga district of Karnataka state .

The present survey was conducted at kelur beat which is a part of kappat

gudda situated in mundargi taluk of a Gadag district.

As per information available in that area many number of vaidyas are

depending upon this hilly area for medicinal plants.

Though kappat gudda are situated in plain valley. The hills are found full of

innumerabler medicinal plants and serves as treasury for the natives. Literally

speaking the conglomeration of kappat-gudda serves as gift of nature.

Some of commercial plants naturally grown in this area are Aristhaka

(Sapindus laurifolious), satala (acacia concinna), Tinduka (Diosporus embryopteres),

shweta chandana (Santalum album), Nadi hingu (Gardenia lucida).

Geologically the soil of this area is rich in minerals like manganese, Iron,

Copper and also gold.

Here is an attempt to explore the treasure of knowledge of ayurvedic science

where the survey of medicinal plants in selected hilly parts of kappat gudda and its

medicinal uses are considered.


objectives

OBJECTIVES

Survey of the medicinal plants available in the selected hilly parts of Kappat

gudda and identify them botanically and also by the information available in

Dravya guna.

Documenting the information about the uses of the available plants based

on Nighantus as well as classical references.

Collecting the information related to vernacular names and distribution of

plants.

Specimens available in Kappat gudda will be maintained in the herbarium

of post graduate Dept. of Dravya guna of D.G.M.Ayurvedic Medical

College and Research centre Gadag-03.


Review of literature


Table No.1 LATIN NAME, FAMILY, KULA AND GANA

Gana Sl

Name of the

Drug

Latin name

Family/ Kula

Charaka Susruta Vagbhata

1 Amlika Tamarindus

indica

Caesalpinaceae//puti karanja - Phalavarga -

2 Ankola Alangium

lamarkii

Alangiaceae/Ankol Phalavarga - Phalavarga

3 Aparajita Clitoria ternatea Papilionaceae/Aparajita Shirovirechanopaga Shirovirechaka

4 Aragvadha Cassia fistula Caesalpinaceae /puti karanja Kusthaghn,Kandughna

Virechana,Tiktaskandha

Aragvadhadi,Shyamadi

Lakshadi,

sleshmasamshamana

Adobhagahrar.

Aragvadhadi

Shyamadi

Kaphaghna.

5 Arjuna Terminalia

arjuna

Combertaceae/Haritaki Kashayaskandha,

Udardaprashamana

Nyagrodhadi

Salasaradi

Virtarvadi

Nyagrodhadi

Asanadi



6 Aristaka Sapindus

laurifolious

Sapindaceae/Aristaka - - -

7 Atibala Abutilon

indicum

Malvaceae/Karpas Balya,Brumhaneeya,

Madhurskandha.

Vatasamshamana

Madhur skandha.

-

8 Avartaki Cassia auriculata Caesalpinaceae/puti karanja - - -

9 Avartani Helicteres isora Sterculiaceae/pisach karpas

10 Ashwath Ficus religiosa Moraceae/Vata Mutrasangrananeeya

kashaya skandha

Nyagrodhadi Nyagrodhadi

11 Badar Zizyphus jujuba Rhamnaceae/Badara Hridya,Swedopaga

Virechanaopaga,

Chardinigrahana

Vatasamshamana,

Nyagrodhadi

Nyagrodhadi

13 Bilva Aegle marmelos Rutaceae/Jambira Arshoghna,

Asthapanopaga

Anuvasanaopaga,

Svayathuhara

Varunadi,

Ambasthadi,

Bruhat panchamool

Varunadi,

Ambasthadi



14 Bhumyamalaki Phyllanthus

urinaria

Euphorbiaceae/Eranda Kasahara,

Shwasahara

- -

15 Bimbi Coccinia indica Cucurbitaceae/Koshataka - - -

16 Chakramarda Cassia tora Caesalpinaceae/puti karanja - Urdhwabhaghar,

Shakahavarga

-

17 Chandan Santalum album Santalaceae/Chandan Dahaprashamana,

Angamarda prashamana

Trishna nigrahana,

Varnya,kandughna,

Vishaghna,Tiktaskandha

Salasardi,Patoladi,

Sarvadi,Priyangvadi,

Guduchyadi,

Pitta samshamana

Asanadi,

Patoladi,Sarivadi

Priyangvadi,

Guduchyadi

18 Chirabilava Holoptelia

integrifolia

Urticaceae/Chirabilva Lekhaniya,

Bhedhaniya

Sleshmasamshamana -



19 Dhava Anogeissus

latifolia

Combertaceae/Haritaki - Salasaradi,Mushkakadi Mushkakadi,

Asanadi

20 Dhanvana Grewia tilifolia Tiliaceae/Parushaka Amlaskandha,Asarayoni Phalavarga -

21 Dhatura Dhatura metal Solanaceae/Kantakari - - -

22 Dugdhika Euphorbia

thymifolia

Euphoobiaceae/Eranda, - - -

23 Dronapushpi Leucas

cephalotus

Labiatae/Tulsi - - -

24 Gambhari Gmelina arborea Verbenaceae/Nirgundi Dahaprashamana

Svayathuhara

Virechanopaga

Birhat panchamool,

Sarivadi

Sarivadi

25 Guduchi Tinospora

cardifolia

Menispermaceae/Guduchi Vayasthapan,

Dahaprashamana

Trishnanigrahana

Truptighna

Stanyashodhana

Guduchyadi

Patoladi

Vallipanchamoola

Kakolyadi

Aragvadhadi

Guduchyadi

Patoladi

Aragvadhadi



26 Gojihwa Elephatopus

scaber

Compositae/Bhrungraj - Shakhavarga

27 Gokshura Tribulas terristris Zygophyllaceae/Gokshura Shothahara

,Mutravirechaniya

Krimigna

Vidharigandhadhi,

Viratarvadhi

Laghupanchamula

Vidharighandhad

hi

28 Haritaki Terminalia

chebula

Combertaceae/Haritaki Arshaghna,Kusthaghna,

Kasahara,Jwarahar,

Prajasthapan,

Virechanopaga

Mustadi,

Triphala,

Amalakyadi,

Parushakadi

Parushakadi

29 Ishwari Aristolochia

indica

Aristolochiaceae/Ishwari - - -

30 Ingudi Balanites

roxburhii

Simarubaceae/Ingudi Phala varga Kapha samshamana

Shrivirechana

-

31 Jambu Syzigium cumini Myrtacea/Lavanga Mutra samgraneeya

Purishavirajaneeya

Chardhinigrahana

Nyagrodhedi Nyagrodhedi



32 Karanja Pongamia

pinnata

Leguminosae/Shimbi Kandughna

Katokaskandha

Shirovirechana

Aragvadhadi,Varunadi,

Arkadi,Syamadi

Kaphasamshamana,

Aragvadhadi

Varunadi

Arkadi

Syamadi

33 Kasamarda Cassia

occidentalis

Caesalpiniaceae/puti karanja - Surasaradi Surasadi

34 Kapitha Feronia

elephantum

Rutacea/Jambira Phala varga Amla varga

Phala varga

-

35 Kanchanar Bauhinia

variegate

Caesalpinaceae/puti karanja Vamanopaga Urdnwabhaghara

Kashaya varga

-

36 Karavellaka Momordica

charantia

Cucurbitaceae/Koshataki Tiktaskandddha Aragvadhadi Aragvadhadi

37 Karira Capparis decidua Capparidaceae/ Varuna Phala varga Tikta skandha -

38 Khadira Acacia catechu Mimosoideae/ Babbula Kusthaghna

Udardaprashamana

Kashayaskanda

Salasaradi Asanadi

39 Karamarda Carissa carandus Apocyanaceae/kutaja Hridya Kantak panchamool Hridya



40 Kataka Strychnos

potatorum

Loganiaceae/Karaskara Vishagna Parushakadi Parushakadi

41 Krishnasariva Ichnocarpus

fruitscens

Apocynaceae/Kutaja - Vidharighanadhi -

42 Kutaja Holarrhena

antidysentrica

Apocynaceae/Kutaja Arshoghna,Kandughna,

Sthanyashodhana,

Astapanopaga

Aragvadhdhi,Pippalyadhi

Haridradhi,Lakshadi

Aragvadhadhi,

Pippalyadhi

43 Lajjalu Mimosa pudica Mimosoidae/Babbula Sandhaniya,

Purishasangrahaniya

Priyangvadhi,Ambastadhi

Priyangvadhi

44 Latakaranja Caesalpinia

bonduc

Caesalpinaceae/puti karanja - - -

45 Mamsarohini Soymida

febrifuga

Meliaceae/Nimba Balya Nyagrodhadi Balya,

Nyagrodhadi

46 Madhuka Bassia latifolia Sapotaceae Purisha viranjaneeya Sarivadi

Vidangadi

47 Meshashringi Gymnema

sylvestre

Asclepiadaceae/Arka - -



48 Nimba Azadirachta

indica

Meliaceae/Nimba Kandughna,

Tikta skaskandha

Aragvadhdi,Guduchyadi

Lakshadi

Aragvadhadi

Guduchyadi

Lakshadi

49 Neelini Indigofera

tinctoria

Leguminosae/Shimbi Virechana Adhobhaghara -

50 Nadihingu Gardenia lucida Rubiaceae/Manjistha - - Navan

51 Palasha Butea

monosperma

Leguminosae/Shimbi - Rodhradi

Muskakadi

Ambasttadi

Nyagrodhadi

Rodhradi

Muskakadi

Ambasthadi

Nyagrodhadi

52 Patalgarudi Cocculus

hirsutus

Menispermaceae/Guduchi - - -

53 Plaksha Ficus lacor Moraceae/Vata Mutra sangrahaneeya Nyagrodhadi Nyagrodhadi

54 Parisha Thespesia

populnea

Malvaceae/Karpas Mutrasangrahaneeya

Kashayaskandha

Nyadrodhadi -



55 Prishnaparni Uraria picta Legunimosae/Shimbi Angamarda prashamana

Sothahara

Sandhaniya

Madhurskandha

Vidarigandhadi

Haridradi

Laghupanchamoola

Haridradi

56 punarnava Boerhavia

diffusa

Nyctaginaceae/Punarnava Vayasthapana,

Kasahara

Anuvasanopaga,

Swedopaga

Vidarigandhadi -

57 Rakta gunja Abrus

precatorius

Legunimosae/Shimbi - Mulavisha -

58 Rakta karavira Nerium odorum Apocyanaceae/Kutaja Tiktaskandha

Kusthaghna

Lakshadi

Shirovirechana

Lakshadi

59 Satala Acacia concinna Mimosaceae/Babbula - Shyamadi

Adhobhaghara

Ubhayatobhaghara

-



60 Shirisha Albezia leebeck Mimosoideae/ Babbula Vishaghna,

Vedanasthapana

Sirovirechana

Kashayaskandha

Salasaradi Asanadi

61 Sharapunkha Tephrosia

purpurea

Leguminosae/Shimbi - - -

62 Shweta shigru Moringa oleifera Moringaceae/shobhanjan Krimihara

Svedopaga

Shirovirechanopaga

Katukaskandha

Varunadi

Sirovirechana

Varunadi

63 Shakha Tectona gradis Verbenaceae/Nirgundi - Salasardi

Parushakadi

-

64 Shatavari Asparagus

racemosus

Liliaceae/Rasona Balya,Vayasthapan

Madhurskandha

Kandavarga

Vidarigandhadi

Kantakapanchamoola

Pittasamshamana

Vidarigandhadi

65 Sleshmantaka Cordia myxa Boraginaceae/Sleshmantaka Vishaghna Phalavarga -



66 Sariva Hemidesmus

indicus

Asclepiadaceae/Arka Jvarahar

Dahaprashamana

Purishasangrahaneeya

Stanyashodana

Madhurskandha

Sarivadi Vidarigandhadi

Vallipanchamool

Sarivadi

67 Tarkari Clerodendron

phlomidis

Verbenaceae/Nirgundi Anuvasanopaga,

Svayathuhara

Sheeta prashamana

Varunadi,Veeratarvadi,

Brihat panchamool

Vatasamshamana

68 Tinduka Diospyros

embryopters

Ebenaceae/Tinduka Udardaprashamana

Kashayaskandha

Nyagrodhadi

Salasaradi Phalavarga

-

69 Udumbar Ficus racemosa Moraceae/Vata Mutrasangrahaneeya

Kashayaskandha

Nyagrodhadi Nyagrodhadi

70 Vasa Adhatoda vasica Acanthaceae/Vasa Tiktaskandha Kshar vruksha gana Nyagrodhadi

71 Vanapalandu Urginea indica Liliaceae/Rasona - - Durvadigana

72 Vata Ficus

bengalensis

Moraceae/vata Mutrasangrahaneeya

Kashayaskandha

Nyagrodhadi -


Survey of medicinal plants in selected parts of Kappat gudda

16

Table No. 2 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name: - Amlika Vernacular Names

Language Name Sl No Synonyms DN MN RN KN BP.N

English Tamarind Tree 1 Amlika + + + + +

Hindi Imli 2 Chukrika + + - + +

Marathi Amli 3 Amli - - + - +

Gujarati Ambli 4 Chukra + - + + +

Tamil Amilam 5 Donta Satha - - - - +

Telugu Amlika 6 Amla - - + + +

Kannada Hunase 7 Chinchika + - - - +

8 Chincha + + + + +

9 Tintidika + - - - +

10 Tintidi - + - + +

11 Shakha Chukrika - - + - -

12 Sutintidi + - + - -

13 Sthambanika - - - + -

14 Tintini - - - + -

15 Shukta + - - + -

16 Chanda - - - + -

17 Shukta Chandrika - + - - -

18 Samla + - - - -



17

Table No. 3 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Ankola

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No

Synonyms D N M N R N K N BP.N

English Sage-leaved

Alangium

1 Ankotan + - - - +

Hindi Ankola 2 Ankolakan + + - + -

Marathi Ankol 3 Rechi + - + + -

Gujarati Ankoli 4 Dirghkilaka + + - + +

Tamil Angolam 5 Peetasara + + + + -

Telugu Ankolamu 6 Tamraphala + + + + -

Kannada Ankola 7 Gandhapushpa + - + + -

8 Nikochaka + + + - +

9 Ankola + + + + +

10 Guptasneha - + + + -

11 Virechi - + - - -

12 Bhushita - + - + -

13 Kothara - - + - -

14 Gudha putra - - + - -

15 Madana - - + - -

16 Gudhamallika - - + - -

17 Peeta - - + - -

18 Dirghakala - - +- - -

19 Gunadhyaka - - + - -

20 Kola - - + - -

21 Kolambakarna - - + - -

22 Rochana - - + - -

23 Vignantailagarbha - - - + -

24 Irkila - - - + -

25 Hundika - - - + -



18

Table No. 4 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONMS Drug Name:-Aparajita Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Winged-leaved

clitoria

1 Asvaksura + - + + -

Hindi Kajina 2 Shwetapushpi + - - + -

Marathi Gokaran 3 Shweta + - + - -

Gujarati Koyala 4 Girikarnika + - + - -

Tamil Kakanam 5 Katabhi + - + - -

Telugu Nallavusintige 6 Svetanama + - - - -

Kannada Girikarniballi 7 Svetaspanda + - + + -

8 Aparajita + - + + +

9 Aspota - - - - +

10 Neelapushpi + - + + -

11 Mahasveta + - - - -

12 Girikarni + - - - +

13 Gavadani + - + + -

14 Valli + - - + -

15 Atyugra gandha + - - - -

16 Dadhi pushpika - - + - -

17 Gardhabhi - - + - -

18 Seeta pushpi - - + - -

19 Bhadra - - + - -

20 Supushpi - - + - -

21 Vishahantri - - - + -

22 Vishnukranta - - - - +

23 Nilaspanda + - - - -

24 Mahaneela - - + - -

25 Neelagiri karnika - - + - -



19

Table No. 5 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS

Drug Name: - Aragvadha

Vernacular Names Language Name

Sl No Synonyms DN MN RN KN BP.N

Engilish Pudding pipe 1 Aragvadha + + + + +

Hindi Amaltas 2 Amaltas - + + - +

Marathi Bawa 3 Rajavruksha + + - + +

Gujarati Garamala 4 Shampak - - - + +

Tamil Appai 5 Chaturangul + + + + +

Telugu Aragvadhamu 6 Aravata + - + + +

Kannada Kakke kayi 7 Vyadhighat - + + + +

8 Krutamal - + - + +

9 Suvarnaka - - - - +

10 Karnikar + + + + +

11 Dirgha phala + + + + +

12 Swaranga - - - - +

13 Swarna phala - - - - +

14 Manthan - - + - -

15 Rechana - - + - -

16 Nrupadruma - + + - -

17 Hemapushpa - - + - -

18 Rajataru - - + - -

19 Kandughna - - + - - 20 Jwarantaka - - + - - 21 Aruja - - + - - 22 Swarna puspa - - + - - 23 Swara druma - - + + - 24 Karni + - - - - 25 Parni - - - + -



20

Table No. 6 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Aristhaka

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Soap nut tree 1 Aristhaka - + - + +

Hindi Ritha 2 Garbhapati - + - + +

Marathi Rita 3 Kumbhavirya - + - - -

Gujarati Aritha 4 Phenila - + + + +

Tamil Puvadi 5 Krishnabeeja - + - - -

Telugu Phenilamu 6 Raktabeeja - + - + +

Kannada Antavala 7 Peetaphena - + - + +

8 Artha sadhan - + - + +

9 Ritha karnja - - + - -

10 Ritha - - + - -

11 Guchala - - + - -

12 Guchapushpaka - - + - -

13 Aristha - - + - -

14 Mangalya - - + - +

15 Kumbhabesaka - - + + -

16 Prakirya - - + - -

17 Somavalka - - + - -

18 Rakshabeeja - - - + -

19 Krishnavarra - - - - +



21


Drug Name: - Arjuna



Engilish White murdah 1 Kakubha + + + + +

Hindi Arjuna 2 Arjuna + + + + +

Gujarati Arjun sadada 3 Gandivi - - + - +

Marathi Arjuna 4 Partha + - + + +

Tamil Marudu 5 Dhananjaya + - + - +

Telugu Maddi 6 Nadisarja - - + + +

Kannada Bili matti 7 Indradru - - - - +

8 Veera - - - - +

9 Dharala + - - - +

10 Vajrantaka + - + - -

11 Kiriti + - + - -

12 Phalguni - - + + -

13 Veeravruksha - - - - +

14 Chitrayodhi + - + - -

15 Shambar - - + - -

16 Dhanvi - - + - -

17 Madhugandhi - - - + -

18 Veeradru - - + - -

19 Kountheya - - + - - 20 Savyasachi - - + - - 21 Majju - + - - - 22 Pandava + - - - - 23 Krisnasarathi - - + - - 24 Kuraviraka - - + - - 25 Shatadruma - + - - -



22


Drug Name: - Atibala



Engilish Country Mallow 1 Atibala + + + + +

Hindi Kandhi 2 Rushyaprokta + - - + +

Marathi Kansuli 3 Kantatika + - - + +

Tamil Adaribeda 4 Balika + - + - -

Telugu Nallatutti 5 Balya - - + - -

Kannada Hettutti 6 Vikantaka - - + - -

7 Vatya Pashpika - - + - -

8 Ghanta - - + - -

9 Sheeta - - + - -

10 Sheeta Pushpa - - + - -

11 Bhuri Bala + - + - -

12 Vrushya gandhika + - + - -

13 Bharavaji - + - - -

14 Balaka - + - - -

15 Vrushya Gandhini - + - - -

16 Saha - + - - -



23


Drug Name:-Avarthaki

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No

Synonyms D N M N R N K N BPN

English Tanner’s cassia 1 Avartaki + - + + -

Hindi Tarval 2 Bindukini + - - + -

Marathi Taravada 3 Vibhandi + - + + -

Gujarati Aval 4 Pitakilaka + - - + -

Tamil Avaram 5 Charmarnga + - + + -

Telugu Tangedu 6 Pitapuspa + - - - -

Kannada Honnambarike 7 Mahajalini + - - + -

8 Tindkini - - + - -

9 Vishanika - - + - -

10 Ranglate - - + - -

11 Manogna - - + - -

12 Raktapushpi - - + - -

13 Mahadadijali - - + - -

14 Peetakila - - + - -

15 Vamavarta - - + - -

16 Raktaphali - - - + -



24

Table No. 10 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Avartani Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian screw tree 1 Avartani - - - - +

Hindi Moraphali 2 Avartamala - - - - +

Marathi Muradsing 3 Devi - + - - -

Gujarati Murdsing 4 Madhu rasa - + - - -

Tamil Valampuri 5 Devashreni - + - - -

Telugu Sadala 6 Madhusrava - + - - -

Kannada Muragi gida 7 Snigdha parni - + - - -

8 Prithak parni - + - - -

9 Morati - + - - -

10 Piluparnika - + - - -



25

Table No. 11 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Ashwtha

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Pipal tree 1 Pippalah + + + + +

Hindi Pipal 2 Keshavavasah + - - + -

Marathi Pimpala 3 Chalapatrah + - + - +

Gujarati Jari 4 Pavitrakah + - + - -

Tamil Asuttam 5 Mangalyah + + + + -

Telugu Ashvatthamu 6 Shyamalah + + + + -

Kannada Arali 7 Ashwatha + + + + +

8 Bodhivruksha + - + - -

9 Gajasahah + - - + +

10 Kshiravruksha - + - - -

11 Gajasahah - + - - -

12 Harivasa - + - - -

13 Chaldala - + - + -

14 Bodhipadapa - + - - -

15 Achyuta vasa - - + - -

16 Shubhadha - - + - -

17 Yagnika - - + - -

18 Gajabhakshaka - - + - -

19 Shriman - - + - -

20 Kshiradruma - - + - -

21 Vipra - - + - -

22 Guhya - - + - -

23 Sevya - - + - -

24 Satya - - + - -

25 Shuchidruma - - + - -



26


Drug Name:-Badara

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian jujube 1 Kola + - - - +

Hindi Ber 2 Badara + - + + +

Marathi Baher 3 Kolakam + - - - -

Gujarati Bora 4 Souvira + - + - -

Tamil Koli 5 Phenila + - + - -

Telugu Badaram 6 Kuham + - - - -

Kannada Bore + - + - - 7 Karkandhuka

8 Gudaphala + - + - -

9 Balestham + - + - -

10 Phala saisivah + - + - -

11 Ghouta - - - + -

12 Ghunta - - - + -

13 Gopaghunta - - - + -

14 Badari - + + + -

15 Markati - - - + -

16 Ghuta - - - + -

17 Rasthravudhikari - - - + -

18 Koli - - + + -

19 Gokanti - - - + -

20 Yugmakantika - + - + -

21 Snigdhachadha - - - + -

22 Koshaphala - - - + -

23 Drudhabeeja - - + - -

24 Vruttaphala - - + - -

25 Kantaki - - + - -



27

Table No. 13 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Bruhati

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian night-

shade

1 Vartaki + - + + +

Hindi Barhanta 2 Kshudrabhantaki - - - - +

Marathi Dorli 3 Mahati + + - + +

Gujarati Motringini 4 Bruhati + + + + +

Tamil Kandal 5 Kuli + - - + +

Telugu Adaviyuchimta 6 Hinguli - - - - +

Kannada Gulla 7 Rasthrika + - + + +

8 Simhi - + - + +

9 Mahosthri - - - - +

10 Dusparshini - - - - +

11 Mahatikranta - - + - -

12 Simhakakuli - - + - -

13 Sthalakanta - - + - -

14 Bhantaki - - + + -

15 Mahotika + - + - -

16 Bahupatri - - + + -

17 Kantakatanu - - + - -

18 Kantalu - - + - -

19 Kataphala - - + - -

20 Dorli - - + - -

21 Vruntaki - + + - -

22 Sthulakanta - - - + -

23 Mahosusthrika - - - + -

24 Kantaki - + - + -

25 Vishada + + - + -



28


Drug Name: - Bilva Vernacular Names Language Name


English Indian quince 1 Bilva + + + + + Hindi Bel 2 Shandilya + + + + +

Marathi Bel 3 Shailusha + + + + +

Gujarati Bilivaphal 4 Malur - + - + +

Tamil Alurigam 5 Shriphala + - + + +

Telugu Bilvamu 6 Shalya - - + - -

Kannada Bilpatre 7 Hrudgandha + - + + -

8 Shalatu + + + - -

9 Karkatahva - - + - -

10 Shaivapatra - - + - -

11 Shrivestha - - + - -

12 Patrashrestha - - + - -

13 Gandhapatra - - + - -

14 Tripatra - - + - -

15 Lakshmipatra - - + - -

16 Gandhaphala - - + + -

17 Trishikha - - + - -

18 Shivadruma - - + - -

19 Sadaphala - + + + - 20 Sudhutika - - + - - 21 Samirasara - - + - - 22 Gandhagarbha + + - + - 23 Mahaphala - - - + - 24 Kantaki - + - + - 25 Lakshmiphala + + - - -



29

Table No. 15 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Bhumyamalaki

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English - 1 Tamalai + - - + +

Hindi Bhuinanvalah 2 Ajata + - - - +

Marathi Bhuiavali 3 Tali + - + + -

Gujarati Bhonyaanmani 4 Tamal + - - - -

Tamil Kilanelli 5 Tamalini + - + + -

Telugu Nelausirika 6 Vitunnabhuta + - - - -

Kannada Kirinelligida 7 Tamakam + - - - -

8 Bhudhatri + - + - +

9 Bhvamalaki + + - - -

10 Bahuparti - + + - -

11 Amruta - + - - -

12 Amalaki - + - - -

13 Shila - + - + +

14 Bhumyamalaki - + + + +

15 Tamali - - + - -

16 uchata - - + + -

17 Drudhapadi - - + - -

18 Vitunna - - + + -

19 Vitunnika - - + - -

20 Charuta - - + - -

21 Vrushya - - + - -

22 Vishaghni - - + - -

23 Bahuvirya - - + + -

24 Ahibhayada - - + - +

25 Vishwaparni - - + - -



30

Table 16 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS

Drug Name:-Bimbi

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Ivy gourd 1 Rakta phala + + - + +

Hindi Kundaru 2 Ushna phala - - - + -

Marathi Tondali 3 Vidrumapaki - - - + -

Gujarati Galludda 4 Dantachada - - - + -

Tamil Kovai 5 Tundikeri - - - + +

Telugu Bimbika 6 Tundi + + - + -

Kannada Tondeballi 7 Golha + + - + -

8 Tundiki + - - + -

9 Tundi keriphala + - - + -

10 Vidruma phala - - - + -

11 Piluparni + - - + +

12 Bimbi + + + - +

13 Bimbika - - - - +

14 Osthopama phala + - - - +

15 Danta chad pama - + - - -

16 Tikta tundi - - + - -

17 Tikta - - + - -

18 Katuka - - + - -

19 Katutundika - - + - -

20 Katu tundi - - + - -

21 Tiktabimbi phala - - - + -



31


Drug Name: - Chakramarda



Engilish Fetid cassia 1 Chakramarda + + + +

Hindi Chakavat 2 Prapunnata + - + + +

Marathi Takala 3 Chakragaja - - + - -

Gujarati Kawario 4 Dadrughna - - + + +

Tamil Tagarise 5 Neshalochana - - - - +

Telugu Senavu 6 Padmata - - - - +

Kannada Tagache 7 Edagaja + - + - +

8 Chakri - - + - +

9 Punnata - - + - +

10 Andagaja - - + - -

11 Gajakhya - - + - -

12 Meshannvane - - + - -

13 Punnada - - + - -

14 Vimardaka - - + - -

15 Tarvata - - + - -

16 Chakranha + - + - -

17 Shukranashana - - + - -

18 Drudha beeja - - + - -

19 Kshodhaka - - - + - 20 Arvataka - - - + - 21 Chakrika + - - + - 22 Pamada - - - + - 23 Mesha kusuma + - - + - 24 Kharjughna - - + - - 25 Chakravaha + - - - -



32


Drug Name: - Chandan



Engilish White Sandal wood 1 Shrikhand - - + - +

Hindi Chandan 2 Chandan + + + - +

Marathi Chandan 3 Bhadrashri - - - + +

Gujarati Sukhada 4 Taila parnika + - - - +

Tamil Padiram 5 Gandha sara + + + + +

Telugu Chandanamu 6 Malayaja - - + + +

Kannada Gandhada mara 7 Tail parna - + - - -

8 Sveta chandan + + + - -

9 Malayajam + + - - -

10 Goshirsha - + + - -

11 Tila Parna - - + + -

12 Mangalya - - + - -

13 Malyodbhava - - + - -

14 Gandharaj - - + - -

15 Sugandha - - + - -

16 Sarpavas - - + - -

17 Sheetal - - + - -

18 Gandhadya - - + - -

19 Bhogi vallabha - - + - - 20 Sheeta gandha - - + - - 21 Pavan - - + - - 22 Hima - - - + - 23 Malaya - - - + - 24 Bhadrashriya + + + - - 25 Sheeta gandha - - + - -



33


Drug Name:-Chirabilva

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian elm 1 Ghritaparna karanja + - - - -

Hindi Karanji 2 Prakirya + - - - -

Marathi Papara 3 Gowra + - - - -

Gujarati Kanjho 4 Chirabilva + - - - -

Tamil Aya 5 Udakirya - - - - +

Telugu Nemali 6 Shadgrantha - - - - +

Kannada Tapasi 7 Hastivaruni - - - - +

8 Markati - - - - +

9 Vayasi - - - - +

10 Karanji - - - - +

11 Kerabhanjika - - - - +



34


Drug Name:-Dhava

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Button tree 1 Dhava + + + + +

Hindi Bakla 2 Nanditaru + + - + +

Marathi Dhavada 3 Gouri + - + + +

Gujarati Kabria 4 Shakatiksha + + - + -

Tamil Namai 5 Dhurandhuri + + - + +

Telugu Sirimanu 6 Dhrud taru - - + - -

Kannada Dindala 7 Kashayaka - - + - -

8 Madhur twacha - - + - -

9 Shuklavrusha - - + - -

10 Pandutaru - - + - -

11 Dhavala - - + - -

12 Pandura - - + - -

13 Bharodvaha - - - + -

14 Kashaya

madhura

- - - + -

15 Twakka - - - + -

16 Sthira - - - + +

17 Ghata - - - - +



35


Drug Name:-Dhanvana

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English - 1 Dhanvaha + + + - -

Hindi Dhamani 2 Gotravitapi + + - - -

Marathi Daman 3 Dharmana + + - + -

Gujarati Dalmon 4 Gotrapushpaka + + - + -

Tamil Tada 5 Raktakusuma - - + - -

Telugu Jaha 6 Dhanv vruksha - - + + +

Kannada Tadasali 7 Mahabal - - + - -

8 Rujapana - - + - -

9 Pichilaka - - + - -

10 Ruksha - - + - -

11 Swaduphala - - + - -

12 Dhanvanga - - + - +

13 Gotravruksha - - - - +

14 Sutejana - - - + +

15 Gotradruma - - - + -

16 Rujahara - - - + -

17 Saravruksha - - - + -



36


Drug Name:-Dugdhika

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English - 1 Dugdhika - - - + +

Hindi Chotidudhi 2 Swaduparni - - - - +

Marathi Ghakdiduli 3 Kshira - - - - +

Gujarati Nahanidu dhali 4 Vikshirini - - - - +

Tamil Chinamampatehaiausi 5 Rajkshava - - - + -

Telugu Bidurunanabiyan 6 Dugdhinika - - - + -

Kannada Kari hali 7 Swadupushpika - - - + -

8 Kshiravi - - - + -

9 Kshirika - - - + -

10 Sheeta - - - + -

11 Sitambu - - - + -

12 Madhuparnika - - - + -



37


Drug Name:-Dronapushpi

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English - 1 Drona - - - + +

Hindi Goma 2 Dronapushpi - - + + +

Marathi Kumbha 3 Phale pushpa - - - - +

Gujarati Kubi 4 Kumbha yoni - - + + -

Tamil Tumbay – keere 5 Chatrakutumbaka - - - + -

Telugu Peddatumni 6 Koundinya - - - + -

Kannada Tumbe 7 Mahadrona - - - + -

8 Dronatumbaka - - - + -

9 Vrushakar - - - + -

10 Shwasanaka - - - + -

11 Shwasan - - - + -

12 Kusumbhaka - - - + -

13 Dirghapatra - - + - -

14 Kutumbika - - + - -

15 Chitrakshupa - - + - -

16 Kutumbika - - + - -

17 Chitrakshupa - - + - -

18 Kutumba - - + - -

19 Supushpa - - + - -

20 Chitrapatrika - - + - -



38

Table 24 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Dhatura Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Downy datura 1 Dhatura + + + + +

Hindi Sada dhatura 2 Kanaka + - - - -

Marathi Dhatura 3 Dhurtah + + + + +

Gujarati Dhatura 4 Devata + + - + +

Tamil Madulam 5 Kitavah + + + + +

Telugu Tellavummetta 6 Sathah + + + + -

Kannada Madugunike 7 Unmattaka + + + + +

8 Madanaka + - - - -

9 Kali + - - - -

10 Haravallabha + - - - -

11 Matala - + - - -

12 Turi - + - + +

13 Taraka - + - - -

14 Kanakanvaya - + + + +

15 Matulaka - - + + +

16 Shyama - - + - -

17 Madana - + + + +

18 Shivashekhara - - + - -

19 Khala - - + - -

20 Kantaka phala - - + - -

21 Mohana - - + - -

22 Shaiva - - + - -

23 Tarala - - - + -

24 Mahamohi - - - - +

25 Shivapriva - - - - +



39


Drug Name: - Gambhari Vernacular Names


English Cashmere tree 1 Gambhari + - - - +

Hindi Gambar 2 Kasmari + + + + +

Gujarati Savan 3 Krishnavrunta - - + - -

Marathi Shiwan 4 Hira + + + + +

Tamil Arisa 5 Bhadra - - + - -

Telugu Gumudu 6 Sarvato bhaddrika + - + - -

Kannada Shivani 7 Shriparhi + + + + +

8 Sindhuparni - - + - -

9 Subhadra - - + - -

10 Gambhari Kadphala - - + + -

11 Bhadra parni - - + + +

12 Kumuda - - + - -

13 Gopabhadra - - + - -

14 Mahabhadra - - + - -

15 Suphala - - + + -

16 Kasmarya + - - - -

17 Kasmaryan + + - + +

18 Madhuparni + - - - -

19 Sarvato Bhadra - + - + -

20 Madhuparnika - - - + +

21 Peetarohini - - - - +

22 Madhurasa - - - - +

23 Bhadraparnika - + - - -

24 Mahakumuda - - + - -

25 Rohini - - + - -



40


Drug Name: - Gojihwa



Engilish Prickly-Leaved Elephants toot 1 Gojihwa - + + + +

Hindi Gobhi 2 Kharapatri - - + - -

Marathi Pathari 3 Pratana - - + - -

Gujarati Bhapathari 4 Darwika - + + - +

Tamil Anashovadi 5 Adho mukha - - + - -

Telugu Eddumalikechettu 6 Ghenujihwa - - + - -

Kannada Ettina nalige 7 Adha pushpi - - + - -

8 Khara parnini - - - - +

9 Gojika - + - - +

10 Gobhi - + - + +

11 Goli - - - + -

12 Godhumika - - - + -

13 Darvi patri - - - + -

14 Darvika - - - + -

15 Kostha Shulika - - - + -

16 Bhumi Kalika - - - + -

17 Swara parnini - + - - -



41

Table 27 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Gokshura

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Calthrops 1 Gokshura + + - + +

Hindi Chhota gokhru 2 Gokshurakah + - + - +

Marathi Ghokaru 3 Bhakshaka + - - - -

Gujarati Beta gokhru 4 Swadu kantaka + + + + +

Tamil Nerunji 5 Gokantaka + + + + +

Telugu Chirupalleru 6 Bhakshatakah + + + - -

Kannada Neggilu 7 Kantatrika + - - - -

8 Trikantaka - + + + +

9 Kanta phala - + + + -

10 Vyala damsthraka - + - + -

11 shwadamsthra - + - + +

12 Sthula shrungata - + - - -

13 Kshuraka - + - - +

14 Trika - + - + -

15 Kshudra gokshura - - + - -

16 Kanta shadanga - - + - -

17 Bahu kantaka - - + - -

18 Kshura - - + + -

19 palangaksha - - + - +

20 Kshudra kshura - - + - -

21 Chanadruma - - + - -

22 Sthala shrungataka - - + + -

23 Vanashrungataka - - + - +

24 Ikshu gandha - - + - +

25 Trikanta - - - + +



42


Drug Name:-Guduchi

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Tinospora 1 Guduchi + + + + +

Hindi Giloe 2 Amrita valli + + + - +

Marathi Gulvel 3 Chinnha + + + + +

Gujarati Galo 4 Chinnaruha + - + + +

Tamil Amridavalli 5 Amrita + + + + +

Telugu Tippatige 6 Chinnodbhava + + + + +

Kannada Amrita balli 7 Amrita lata + - + + -

8 Dhara + - - + +

9 Vatsadani + + + + +

10 Soma valli + - - - +

11 Kundali + + + + +

12 Chakra laxana + - - + +

13 Nag kumari + - + - -

14 Chinnagi + - - - -

15 Jwara nashani + + - - -

16 Jivani + - - - -

17 Madhu parni + - + + +

18 Tantrica + - - - +

19 Deva nirmita + - - - +

20 Vayastha + + - + +

21 Mandali + - - - +

22 Soumya + - - - +

23 Vishalya + - + - +

24 Rasayani + - + - +

25 Chandrahasa + + --- + +



43


Drug Name: - Haritaki



Engilish Chebulic Myrobalan 1 Haritaki + + + + +

Hindi Har 2 Abhaya + + + + +

Marathi Hirda 3 Pathya + + + + +

Gujarati Hirdo Kayastha - + + + +

Tamil Amagola 5 Putana + + + - +

Telugu Karakkaya 6 Amruta + + + - +

Kannada Alale 7 Haimvati + + + + +

8 Avyatha + - + - +

9 Chetaki + + - - +

10 Shreyasi - + + + +

11 Shiva + - + + +

12 Vayastha - + - - +

13 Vijaya + + + + +

14 Jivanti - - + - +

15 Rohini + + + - +

16 Jaya + + + - -

17 Prapathya + + + + -

18 Jivapriya - - + - -

19 Bhishagvara - - + - - 20 Pranada + + + + - 21 Jivaya - - + - - 22 Nandini + + - - - 23 Amogha - + - - - 24 Devi - - + - - 25 Divya - - + - -



44


Drug Name:-Isvari

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian birthwort 1 Nakuli - - - - +

Hindi Isharmul 2 Isvari - - - - +

Marathi Sapasan 3 Arka mula - - - - +

Gujarati Ruhimula 4

Tamil Isuramuli 5

Telugu Eswaramulli 6

Kannada Isvari beru 7



45


Drug Name: - Ingudi



English - 1 Iuguda - + - + +

Hindi Hingen 2 Augaravriksha - - - + +

Marathi Hingan 3 Tiktaka - - - + +

Gujarati Hinger 4 Tapasadruma - + + + +

Tamil Najundan 5 Iugudi - - + - -

Telugu Gara 6 Hingupatra - - + - -

Kannada Ingalare 7 Vishakanta - - + - -

8 Anilantaka - - + - -

9 Goura - - + - -

10 Supatra - - + - -

11 Shulari - - + - -

12 Tikshnakanta - - + - -

13 Tailaphala - - + - -

14 Putigandha - - + - -

15 Vigandhaka - - + - -

16 Krosthaphala - - + - -

17 Bhallaka - + - + -

18 Tikta majja - - - + -

19 Putikarnika - - - + - 20 Kantakirna - - - + - 21 Binduka - - - + - 22 Vyavaharika - - - + - 23 Kantakivriksha - - - + - 24 Kantaka - - - + - 25 Vrukshakantaka - + - - -



46

Table 32 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Jambu Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Black plum 1 Phalendra - - - - +

Hindi Jamun 2 Nandi - - - - +

Marathi Jambul 3 Raj jambu + + + + +

Gujarati Jambu 4 Maha phala + - - - +

Tamil Naval 5 Surabhi patra + - - - +

Telugu Neredu 6 Maha jambu + + + + +

Kannada Nerele 7 Swarna mata - - + - -

8 Shuka priya - - + - -

9 Kokilestha - - + - -

10 Maha nila - - + - -

11 Brihat phala - + + + -

12 Maha rasa - - - + -

13 Mahaskandha + + - + -

14 Shyama patra - - - + -

15 Kumarika - - - + -

16 Gandha patra - - - + -

17 Jambu + - - + -

18 Nilanjanachada - - - + -

19 Suphala - - - + -

20 Supratisthita - - - + -

21 Mahaskandha - + - - -

22 Vira patra - + - - -

23 Kama vallabha - + - - -

24 Nadeyi - + - - -

25 Surabhi + - - - -



47


Drug Name:-Karamarda

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English - 1 Karamarda + - + + +

Hindi Karonda 2 Sushena + + + + +

Marathi Karanda 3 Krishnapakaphala + - + + +

Gujarati Karamanda 4 Karamla + - + - -

Tamil Kalakkay 5 Karamardaka + - + + -

Telugu Kalibe 6 Avigha + - + - -

Kannada Dodda Kavali 7 Panimarda + - + - -

8 Vanrkshudra - - - + -

9 Kshiraphana - - - + -

10 Samlapushpa - - - + -

11 Kramardi - + - - -

12 Krishnaphala - + - - -



48


Drug Name:-karavellaka

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Carilla fruit 1 Karavella - + - + +

Hindi Karela 2 Katilya - + - + +

Marathi Karale 3 Ugra kanda - + + + -

Gujarati Karela 4 Sukandaka - + + + -

Tamil Pakal 5 Karavalli - + + - +

Telugu Kakara 6 Vari balli - + - - -

Kannada Hagala Kayi 7 Brihad valli - + - - -

8 Kandira - - + + -

9 Kanda katuka - - + + -

10 Nasha samvedana - - + - -

11 Patu - - + - -

12 Toya valli - - - + -



49

Table 35 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Karanja

Vernacular Names


Engilish Indian Beech 1 Karanja + + + + +

Hindi Kanja 2 Naktamala + + + + +

Marathi Karanja 3 Naktahura - + - + -

Gujarati Karanja 4 Gucchapushpa - - - + -

Tamil Agirunandam 5 Suigdhapatra - - - + -

Telugu Kagu 6 Prakirya + - - + -

Kannada Honge 7 Puspamanjari - - - + -

8 Udakirya - - - + +

9 Putikarna - - - + -

10 Prakirna - + - + -

11 Matrunandana - - - + -

12 Puti karanja - - - + -

13 Putika + + + + -

14 Kaidarya - - - + -

15 Chairabilvakan + + + - -

16 Gaurah + - - - -

17 Gruthavarhaka - + - - -

18 Puti varna - + - - -

19 Puti parni - - + - - 20 Vridha phala - - + - - 21 Rochana - - + - - 22 Prakiryaka - - + - - 23 Dhratapura - - - + - 24 Somavalka - - - - +



50


Drug Name: - Kapitha Vernacular Names


Engilish Elephant apple 1 Kapitha + + + + +

Hindi Kait 2 Dadhitha + - - + +

Marathi Kouth 3 Pushpaphala - - - - +

Gujarati Kotha 4 Kapipriya + - - + +

Tamil Kabittam 5 Dadhiphala + + + + +

Telugu Kapithamu 6 Danta shatha - - + - +

Kannada Belavala 7 Malur - - + - -

8 Mangalya - - + - -

9 Nilamallika - - + - -

10 Dadhi - - + - -

11 Grahi phala - - + + -

12 Chirapaki + - + + -

13 Kathinaphala + - + - -

14 Granthiphala - - + - -

15 Kucha phala - - + - -

16 Gandha phala + - + - -

17 Kapistha - - + - -

18 Vrutta phala - - + - -

19 Karandha phala - - + - -

20 Takracchida - - - + - 21 Surabhichadha - + - + - 22 Akshisasya + - - + - 23 Grahi + - - + - 24 Hridya - - - + - 25 Kashamla

phala - - - + -



51


Drug Name: - Karira



English Caper berry 1 Karira + + + + +

Hindi Ker 2 Krakari Patra - - - - +

Marathi Karil 3 Granthila + + - + +

Gujarati Kera 4 Maru Bhuruha - - - - +

Tamil Sengum 5 Nishpatraka - - + - -

Telugu Karirarnv 6 Karira Granthila - - + - -

Kannada Chippuri 7 Krukara - - + - -

8 Gudha patra + + + - -

9 Karaka - - + - -

10 Tikshna Kantaka + - + + -

11 Kariraka - + - - -

12 Krakacha + + - - -

13 Mrudu Phala + - - + -

14 Tikshna Sara + - - + -

15 Hutashana - - - + -

16 Shakha pushpa + - - + -

17 Supnala - - - + -

18 Katu Tiktaka - - - + -



52

Table 38 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-kanchnar

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English - 1 Kanchanar - + + + +

Hindi Kachnar 2 Kanchanaka - + + + +

Marathi Kanchan 3 Gandari - - - - +

Gujarati Champakati 4 Shana pushpaka - - - - +

Telugu Bodanta 5 Koliyasha - - - + -

Tamil Mandarai 6 Bhramarestha - - - + -

Kannada Kempu mandara 7 Manohara - - - + -

8 Pakari - + - - -

9 Rakta pushpaka - + - - -

10 Kovidara + - + - -

11 Kuddal + - + - -

12 Kanakaraka - - + - -

13 Kanta pushpa - - + - -

14 Karaka - - + - -

15 Kantara - - + - -

16 Yamalachadha - - + - -

17 Yugma patra - - + - -

18 Maha pushpa - - + - -

19 Kumbhara + - - - -

20 Kundali + - - - -

21 Kuli + - - - -

22 Tamra pushpa + - - - -

23 Chamarika + - - - -

24 Maha yamala

patraka

+ - - - -



53

Table 39 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-khadira

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No

Synonyms D N M N R N KN BP.N

English Catechu 1 Khadira + + + + +

Hindi Khair 2 Rakta sar + + + + +

Marathi Lalkhair 3 Gayatri + + + + +

Gujarati Kher 4 Danta dhavana + - + - +

Tamil Kadiram 5 Kantaki + - - - +

Telugu Khadiramu 6 Bala patra + + + + +

Kannada Kempu khairapajali 7 Jihwa shalya + - + - -

8 Ksata kshaya + - - + -

9 Bahu shalya - - + + +

10 Yagniya - - + - +

11 Geeta - - - + -

12 Kusthaghna - - - + -

13 Susara -- - + - -

14 Tamrakantaka - - + - -

15 Kustha todana - - + - -

16 Nyupadruma - - + - -

17 Akoru - - + - -

18 Shalyaka - - - + -

19 Gourata - - - + -

20 Kandar - - - + -

21 Saraka - - - + -

22 Kustha kantaka - - - + -

23 Mahasara - - - + -

24 Medhya - - - + -

25 Vakra kanta - - - + -



54


Drug Name:-Kasamarda

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Fetid cassia, 1 Kasamarda + + + + +

Hindi Chakunda 2 Arimarda + + + - +

Marathi Kasoda 3 Kasari + + + - +

Gujarati Kasodari 4 Karkasha + + - + +

Tamil Peyavirai 5 Kalakataka - + - - +

Telugu Kasinda 6 Kasaghna - + - - -

Kannada Dodda tagase 7 Kasamardaka - - + - +

8 Kala - - + - -

9 Kanaka - - + - -

10 Jaavana - - - + -

11 Ajagara - - - + -



55


Drug Name: - Kataka



Engilish Clearing nut tree 1 Nirmali - - + - +

Hindi Nirmali 2 Pavapasadi - - - - +

Marathi Chilhara 3 Katakam + + + - +

Gujarati Nirmali 4 Ambu prasad + - + - -

Tamil Akkolam 5 Katam + - + + -

Telugu Andugu 6 Tiktaphala - - + - -

Kannada Chilla 7 Ruchya - - + - -

8 Chedhaniya + - + - -

9 Gudphal - - + - -

10 Katakaphala + - + - -

11 Tikta maicha - - + - -

12 Katphala - - - + -

13 Kacchya - - - + -

14 Slakshna + - - + -

15 Vari prasadan - - - + -

16 Toya prasadan phala - - + -

17 Chakhsushya - - + -

18 Lekhnatmak - - + -

19 Netravikarjit + - - - -



56


Drug Name:-Krishna sariva

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Black creeper 1 Krishna mooli + + + + -

Hindi Kali dudhi 2 Krishna + - + + -

Marathi Krishna sarinda 3 Chandan sariva + - + - -

Gujarati - 4 Bhadra + + + + -

Tamil Udargodi 5 Chandan gopa + + + - -

Telugu Karampala 6 chandana + + + + -

Kannada Kari hambu 7 Krishna valli + + + + -

8 Sariva + + + + +

9 Bhadrachandan sariva - + - - -

10 Krishna sariva - + + + +

11 Kalanusari - - - + -

12 Kalindi - - - + -

13 Chandan mulika - - - + -

14 Shyama - - - - +

15 Gopi - - - - +

16 Gopa vadhu - - - - +



57

Table 43 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-kutaja

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No

Synonyms D N MN R N K N BP.N

English Kurchi 1 Kutaja + + + + +

Hindi Kora 2 Kautajah + - + - -

Marathi Kuda 3 Kautah + - - - +

Gujarati Kado 4 Vatsakah + + + + +

Tamil Kudasam 5 Giri mallika + + + + +

Telugu Kutajamu 6 Kalinga + + + + +

Kannada Kodasige 7 Mallika pushpa + + + + +

8 Indra vruksha + - - - -

9 Vrukshaka + - - + +

10 Kutaja kotivrukshaka - + - - -

11 Shaka bhuruha - + - - -

12 Shakra - - + - -

13 Pravrushya - - + - -

14 Shakra padapa - - + - -

15 Varatikta - - + + -

16 Yavaphala - - + - +

17 Samgrahi - - + - -

18 Panduradruma - - + - +

19 Pravrushenya - - + - -

20 Maha gandha - - + - -

21 Utsaka - - - + -

22 Shweta kutaja - - - + -

23 Vamsha kutaji - - - + -

24 Kutaji - - - + -

25 Indra - - - - +



58

Table 44 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Indrayava

Vernacular Names Sl

No


Language Name

+ + + + Indras seeds 1 Indrayava English +

Indrajab Hindi 2 Sakrahavah + + + - -

Marathi - 3 Kalingaka + + - + +

Gujarati - 4 Vrukshaka beejani + - - - -

Tamil Kuluppalai-virai 5 Bhadrayava + + + + +

Telugu - 6 Endrayava - + - - -

Kannada Kodasige Beeja 7 Endra phala - + - - -

8 Koutaja - + - + -

9 Purunuta - + - - -

10 Shakra beeja - - + - -

11 Vatsa ka - - + - -

12 Vatsaka beeja - - + - -

13 Bhadraja - - + - -

14 Kutaja phala - - + - -

15 Vijantara - - + - -

16 Kutaja - - + - -

17 Kalinga beeja - - + - -

18 Niryava - - - + -

19 Indraka - - - + -

20 Kutaja beeja - - - - +

21 Yava - - - - +

22 Lingika - - - - +



59

Table 45 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Lajjalu Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Sensitive plant 1 Raktapadi + + + + +

Hindi Lajwanti 2 Shami patra + - + + +

Marathi Lajri 3 Samanga + + + + +

Gujarati Lajalu 4 Anjali karika + - - - -

Tamil Samangai 5 Namaskari + + + + +

Telugu Peddanidrakanti 6 Gandhakari + + - + -

Kannada Muttidere muni 7 Sparsha sankocha

parnika

+ - - - -

8 Lajjalu - + + + +

9 Mohini - + - - -

10 Sprukka - + + + -

11 Khadiri - + + + +

12 Shami - + -- - -

13 Patri - + - - -

14 Khadira patrika - -- + - -

15 Sankochani - - + - -

16 Prasarani - - + - -

17 Gandamalika - - + - -

18 Lajja - - + - -

19 Lajjika - - + - -

20 Sparshalajja - - + - -

21 Asrarodhani - - + - -

22 Aruna - - - + -

23 Tamramoola - - + - -

24 Rakta moola - - + + -

25 Svagupta - - + - -



60


Drug Name:-Latakaranja

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Fever nut 1 Lata karanja - + + - +

Hindi Kanja 2 Karanji - + - - -

Marathi Gajaga 3 Kakatikta - + - - -

Gujarati Gajga 4 Vayasya - + - - -

Tamil Avil 5 Angarvallari - + - - -

Telugu Gacha 6 Dusparsha - - + - -

Kannada Sanna gajaga 7 Virasya - - + - -

8 Vajraviraka - - + - -

9 Ghanadhaksha - - + - -

10 Kantha phala - - + - -

11 Kuberaksha - - + - +

12 Varaha - - - + -

13 Tarani - - - + -

14 Tiragandhika - - - + -

15 Kanta karanja - - - + +

16 Puti karanja - - - - +

17 Vitapa karanja - - - - +

18 Prakirya - - - - +



61

Table 47 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Madhuka

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Butter tree 1 Madhuka - + + + +

Hindi Jangali moha 2 Guda pushpa + + + + +

Marathi Mora 3 Madhu pushpa - - - - +

Gujarati Mahuda 4 Vanaprastha + - + - +

Tamil Illppai 5 Madhusthila + - + + +

Telugu Madhukamu 6 Elaphala - - - + -

Kannada Halpe mara 7 Dola phala - - - + -

8 Tikshna sara - + - + -

9 Madhur - - - - + -

10 Madhu kostha - + - + -

11 Rodhra vruksha - - - + -

12 Vana vasa - - - + -

13 Maha druma - - - + -

14 Madhuvriksha + - + - -

15 Madhusrava + - + - -

16 Lodhra pushpa + - + - -

17 Madhava + - + - -

18 Golaphala - + - - -

19 Madhudruma - + - - -



62


Drug Name:-Mamsarohini

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian red wood 1 Mamsarohini + + + + +

Hindi Rohun 2 Atiruha + + + + +

Marathi Rohuna 3 Vrutta + + + + +

Gujarati Rohani 4 Charmakasha + + + + +

Tamil Sem 5 Vikasa + - + + +

Telugu Somi 6 Mamsaroha + - - - -

Kannada Some Mara 7 Ruha + - - - -

8 Rakta + - - - -

9 Rohini - + + - -

10 Mamsarohi - - + - -

11 Mamsaruha - - + + -

12 Vasa - - - - +

13 Prahar valli - - - + +

14 Viravati - - - - +

15 Viravalli - - - + -

16 Pishita rohini - - - + -

17 Kasa - + - - -



63


Drug Name:-Meshashringi Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Small-indian

Ipecauanha

1 Medhashringi - + - - +

Hindi Gurmar 2 Meshashringi + + + + +

Marathi Bedaki 3 Vishani - - - - +

Gujarati Sehna gerse 4 Meshavalli - + - - +

Tamil Adigam 5 Ajashrungika - + - - +

Telugu Podapatri 6 Shrivrukshaka - - - + -

Kannada Kattari Balli 7 Bastashrungi - - - + -

8 Shrungika - - - + -

9 Padavruksha - - - + -

10 Ghanashrunga - - - + -

11 Chakshushya - - + + -

12 Bahulangaka - - - + -

13 Avalkala - - - + -

14 Abalanga - - - + -

15 Nadi - - - + -

16 Bahulchakshushi - - - + -

17 Vrushikali - - - + -

18 Kuchiparni - - - + -

19 Vishanika - - + + -

20 Sukrahemi - - - + -

21 Sarpadamsta + + + + -

22 Medravalli - - - + -

23 Vivartrika - - - + -

24 Mahaphala - - - + -

25 Tiktadugdha - - + + -



64


Drug Name:-Nadihingu

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English White emetic nut 1 Nadi hingu + - + + +

Hindi Dikamali 2 palasakhya + - + - +

Marathi Dikamali 3 jantuka + + + - +

Gujarati Dikamali 4 ramathi + + + + +

Tamil tikkamalli 5 vamsapatri + - + - +

Telugu Erubikki 6 venupatri + + - + -

Kannada Bikke 7 pinda + + - + -

8 Hingu sivatika + + - - -

9 Hingu patri - + - + -

10 nadi - + - - -

11 Hingu phala - + - - -

12 pindanvha - - + - +

13 suvirya - - + - +

14 Hingu nadika - - + - +

15 karavi - - - + -

16 pruthvika - - - + -

17 pruthula - - - + -

18 Charu patrika - - - + -

19 kabari - - - + -

20 varbari - - - + -

21 shivatika - - - + -

22 Bashpika - - - + -



65


Drug Name: - Nilini

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Common indigo 1 Nilini + + + + +

Hindi Neela 2 Nilika + + + + +

Marathi Nili 3 Kala + - - - +

Gujarati Nil 4 Gramya + + + + -

Tamil Nili 5 Dola + - - + +

Telugu Nili 6 Vishodhani + + + + -

Kannada Nili 7 Tuttha + - + - -

8 Shriphalika + + + - +

9 Mocha + - + - -

10 Bharavahi + + + + -

11 Ranjani + + + - +

12 Nili + - + + +

13 Kalika - + - - -

14 Mela - + - - -

15 Tuni - + - - +

16 Ruksha - + - - -

17 Nila - - + - -

18 Nilapatri - - + - -

19 Raghi - - + - -

20 Nilapushpi - - + + +

21 Shyama - - + - -

22 Bhadra - - + - -

23 Krishna - - + - -

24 Klitani - - + - +

25 Tuccha - - - + +



66


Drug Name: - Nimba



Engilish Neem tree 1 Nimba + + + + +

Hindi Nimb 2 Pichumarda + + + + -

Marathi Linba 3 Pichumarda - - + - +

Gujarati Limba 4 Tiklaka - - - - +

Tamil Arulundi 5 Arista + + + + +

Telagu Nimbamu 6 Paribhadra + + + + +

Kannada Bevina Mara 7 Hingvniryasa - - + - +

8 Katphala - - + - -

9 Prabhadra + + + + -

10 Neta + + + + -

11 Srvatobhadra + + + + -

12 Dhaman - - + - -

13 Pavanestha - - + - -

14 Sheea - - + - -

15 Varetika - - + - -

16 Aristhaphala - - + - -

17 Chardhana - - + + -

18 Niyaman + + - + -

19 Shukapriya - - - + - 20 Krumighna - - - + - 21 Sutiktaka + + - + - 22 Subhadra - - - + - 23 Surya - + - - - 24 Ravisannibha - + - - - 25 Yavanestha - - - + -



67


Drug Name: - Palasha



English Bastard Teak 1 Palasha + + + + +

Hindi Dhak 2 Kimshuka + + + + +

Marathi Paras 3 Parna - - + - +

Gujarati Khakda 4 Yagniya - - + - +

Tamil Palasu 5 Rakta Pushpaka + + - + +

Telugu Palasamu 6 Kshar Srestha + - - + +

Kannada Muttuga 7 Vatapotha + - + + +

8 Brahmavruksha + - + + +

9 Samidwar + - - + +

10 Triparna + - + - -

11 Vakra Pushpa - - + - -

12 Putadru + - + - -

13 Brahma Paneta - - + - -

14 Kasthadru - - + - -

15 Karma - - - + -

16 Yagnaka - - - + -

17 Ganeruka - - - + -

18 Vatuparni - - - + -

19 Duijasneha - - - + -

20 Trivrit + - - + -

21 Kirmi - + - - -

22 Brahma Padapa - + - - -

23 Simatuttam - + - - -

24 Khara Parna + - - - -

25 Beejasneha + - - - -



68


Drug Name:-parisha

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Umbrella tree 1 Parisha pipal - + - - +

Hindi Bhendi 2 Parisha - + - - +

Marathi Bhenda 3 Palasha - - - - +

Gujarati Bendi 4 Kapichutah - - - + +

Tamil Kallal 5 Kamandalu - - - - +

Telugu Ganga rani 6 Gardabhanda - - - - +

Kannada Bengali mara 7 Kandaral - - - - +

8 Kapitana - + - + +

9 Supar shwaka - - - - +

10 Kapi vasa - - - + -

11 Chilimba - - - + -

12 Suprati sthita - - - + -

13 Vanira - - - + -

14 Phalisha - + - + -

15 Kshira padapa - - - + -

16 Kapihuta - + -- - -



69


Drug Name:-patala garudi

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Broom creeper 1 Patal garudi - - + - +

Hindi Chireta 2 Chila hinta - + - - +

Marathi Hunder 3 Maha mula - + - - +

Gujarati Vevati 4 Patal garuda - - - - +

Tamil Kattukkodi 5 Vatsadani - - + - -

Telugu chipurutige 6 Soma valli - - + - -

Kannada Dagadi balli 7 Vikranta - - + - -

8 Mechaka - - + - -

9 Tarkshi - - + - -

10 Sowparni garudi - - + - -

11 Vasani - - + - -

12 Dirgha kanda - - + - -

13 Drudha kanda - - + - -

14 Maha bala - - + - -

15 Dirgha valli - - + - -

16 Drudha bala - - + - -

17 Garuda nvaya - + - - -



70


Drug Name:-plaksha

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Wave-leaved

fig tree

1 plaksha + + + + +

Hindi Pakri 2 kapitanah + - + - -

Marathi Bassari 3 shrungi + - + + -

Gujarati Pepri 4 suparsvah + + + + -

Tamil Jovi 5 carudarsanah + + - + -

Telugu Juvvi 6 plavakah + - + - -

Kannada Basari 7 gardabhandah + + + + -

8 kamandaluh + + + + -

9 vataplavah + - - - -

10 plava - + - + -

11 Charu vruksha - + - - -

12 vati - + - + -

13 yupa - + - - -

14 pippari - + - + -

15 kshiri - - + - -

16 varohshakhi - - + - -

17 kapitaka - - + - -

18 Drudha praroha - - + - -

19 plavanga - - + - -

20 Maha bal - - + - -

21 Puga munda - - - + -

22 Gandha munda - - - + -

23 charudaru - - - + -

24 mundika - - - + -

25 Ashwath patra - - - + -



71


Drug Name:-prishna parni Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No

Synonyms D N M N RN K N BP.N

English - 1 prstiparni + + - - -

Hindi Dabra 2 Pruthak parni + + + + +

Marathi Pitvan 3 kalasi + - + + +

Gujarati Pilavan 4 dhavani + + - + +

Tamil sittirappaladai 5 guna + - + + +

Telugu Muyyaku ponna 6 Shrungi vinna + - + + -

Kannada Murele honne 7 Aghri bala + - - - -

8 parni + - - - -

9 Krostuka

puchika

+ + + + -

10 Prishna parni + - + + +

11 Chitra parni - - + - +

12 Ahi parni - - - - +

13 Krosthu vinna - - - - +

14 Simha puchi - - + + +

15 klitani - - - + -

16 Snigdha parnika - - - + -

17 vrutila - - - + -

18 languli - - - + -

19 parnika - + - + -

20 Maha guha - - + - -

21 jamani - - + - -

22 mekhala - - + - -

23 langalika - - + - -

24 shrugalika - - + - -

25 Dirgha parni - - + - -



72


Drug Name:-punarnava

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Hog weed 1 Rakta punarnava - - + - +

Hindi Sant 2 Rakta pushpa - - + - +

Marathi Khara parya 3 Shivatika + + - - +

Gujarati Vakho-khaparo 4 Shothagni - - - - +

Tamil

Mukaratte

5 Kshudra

varshabhu

+ + - - +

Telugu Atikamamidi 6 Varsha ketu - + + - +

Kannada Komme gida 7 Kathillaka + - - - +

8 Punarnava - + + + -

9 Krura - + + - -

10 Mandal patrika - - + + -

11 Rakta kanda - - + - -

12 Lohita - - + - -

13 Rakta patrika - - + + -

14 Vaishakhi + - + - -

15 Rakta varshabhu - - + - -

16 Shophagni - - + + -

17 Vikaswara - - + - -

18 Vishaghni - - + - -

19 Pravrushyana - - + - -

20 Sarini - - + - -

21 Varshabhava - - + + -

22 Sammilata druma - - + - -

23 Nava - - + - -

24 Vrushchiva + - - + -

25 Dirgha patraka + - - + -



73


Drug Name:-Rakta gunja

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian liquorice 1 Chudamani + - - + -

Hindi Rati 2 Sheeta paki + - - + -

Marathi Gunja 3 Shikhandi + + - + -

Gujarati Chanoti 4 Krishnala + - - + -

Tamil Atti 5 Ucchata + - - -- -

Telugu Gurija 6 Tamrika + - - - -

Kannada Gula ganji 7 Gunja + + - + -

8 Chataki + - - - -

9 Kakasahvaya + - - - -

10 Raktika - + - + +

11 Rakta gunja - - - + +

12 Tamra - + - + -

13 Kakanantika - + - + +

14 Sughata - - - + -

15 Ratti - - - + -

16 Kakachinchi - - - - +

17 Kakadani - - - - +

18 Kakapilu - - - - +

19 Kakavallari - - - - +



74

Table 60 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Rakta karavira

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian oleander 1 Rakta pushpa + + - - +

Hindi Kaner 2 Chandata + - - + +

Marathi Kaneri 3 Laguda + + - + +

Gujarati Kanera 4 Rakta karavira - - + + +

Tamil Karaviram 5 Rakta prasara - - + - -

Telugu Ganneru 6 Ganasha kusuma - - + - -

Kannada Kempu kanagile 7 Chandi kusuma - - + - -

8 Krura - - + - -

9 Bhutadravi - - + - -

10 Ravi priva - - + - -

11 chandala - - - + -

12 Gulmaka + - - + -

13 Prachanda + - - + -

14 Vichandika - - - + -

15 Karaviraka - + - - -

16 Chandaka + - - - -



75

Table 61 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-sariva

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English

Indian

sarsaparilla

1 Sariva + + + + +

Hindi Ananta mool 2 Sarada + + + + -

Marathi Anant mool 3 Gopa + - + - +

Gujarati Upalsari 4 Gopa valli + + + + +

Tamil Nannari 5 Pratanika + + + + -

Telugu Sugandhi 6 Gopa kanya + + + + +

Kannada Sugandhi beru 7 Lata + - + + +

8 Asphota + + + - +

9 Shweta + - - + -

10 Kastha sariva + + + + -

11 Gopangana - + - + -

12 Latanhva - + - - -

13 Shweta sariva - + - + +

14 Utpal sariva - - - + -

15 Phala jihwa - - - + -

16 Shweta gopi - - - + -

17 Sugandhika - - - + -

18 Dhaval sariva - - - - +

19 Krushodari - - - - +

20 Shyama - - - - +

21 Chandana - - - - +



76

Table 62 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name: - Satala Vernacular Names

Language Name Sl No Synonyms DN MN RN KN BPN

English - 1 Satala + + + - +

Hindi Ritha 2 Virala - + - - -

Marathi Shikakai 3 Sari + + + - -

Gujarati Chikakai 4 Satphala - + - - -

Tamil Siyakkay 5 Bahuphina + + + - -

Telugu Sikaya 6 Charmasahava - + - - -

Kannada Sigekai 7 Charmakashr + + + - +

8 Phena + + + - -

9 Dipta + + + - -

10 Nalika - + - - -

11 Saptala + - + - +

12 Vidula + - + - +

13 Vimala + - + - +

14 Amala + - + - -

15 Vishnika - - + - -

16 Swarna pushpin - - + - -

17 Chitrala - - + - -

18 Moralika + - - - -

19 Sara - - - - +

20 Bhuriphena - - - - +



77


Drug Name: - Shakha


Sl No Synonyms DN MN RN KN BPN

Engilish Indian Oak 1 Bhumisaha + + - + +

Hindi Sagon 2 Dwardoru - - - - +

Marathi Sag 3 Varadaru - - - + +

Gujarati Saga 4 Kharachada + + - + +

Malayalam Tekka 5 Shakha - + + + +

Tamil Kalindi 6 Saga + - - - -

Telugu Teku 7 Krakachaputra - - + - -

Kannada Tega 8 Kharapatra - - + - -

9 Atipatraka - - + - -

10 Mahisaha - - + - -

11 Jyesthakastha - - + - -

12 Sthirasara - - + - -

13 Gruhadruma - - + - -

14 Vrudhadaru - - - + -

15 Sthirakacha - - - + -

16 Mahapatra - - - + -

17 Surabhusaraka - - - + -

18 Dirghachada + + - - -

19 Shagoun - + - - -



78


Drug Name:-sharapunkha

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Purple tephrosia 1 Sharapunkha - + + - +

Hindi sarphonka 2 Kalashakha - + - - -

Marathi Sirapakha 3 Pleehari - + - - -

Gujarati Jhila 4 Kalaka - + - - -

Tamil Kolingi 5 Kanda punkha - - + - -

Telugu Vempali chettu 6 Bana punkha - - + - -

Kannada Koggali 7 Ishupunkhika - - + - -

8 Sayaka punkha - - + - -

9 Ishu punkha - - + - -

10 Pleeha shatru - - - - +

11 Nili vruksha kruti - - - - +



79


Drug Name:-shirisha

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Parrot tree 1 Shirisha + + + + +

Hindi Shiras 2 Mridupushpa + + + + +

Marathi Chinchola 3 Shakhini phala + + + + -

Gujarati Pilosarshio 4 Kapitanah + + + + +

Tamil Siridam 5 Shukataru + - + + +

Telugu Sirisamu 6 Shyama varna + + - + -

Kannada Sirsul mara 7 Shukapriya + - - + +

8 Plavagh - + - + -

9 Vipra - + - + -

10 Shuka vriksha - + - - -

11 Bhandhira - + + + +

12 Sheeta pushpa - - + - -

13 Shukestha - - + - -

14 Bahir pushpa - - + - -

15 Visha hanta - - + - -

16 Supushpa - - + - -

17 Uddhanaka - - + - -

18 Kalinga - - + - -

19 Kalima - - - + -

20 Bhandila - - - + +

21 Bhandhi - - - + +

22 Shuka pushpa - - - + +

23 Shyamala - - + - -

24 Madhu pushpa - - + - -

25 Vrunta pushpa - - + - -



80


Drug Name: - Shleshmantaka



Engilish Sebesten Plum 1 Bahuvar + - + + +

Hindi Gondi 2 Sheeta - - + - +

Marathi Bhokhar 3 Udhala - - - - +

Gujarati Gundomoto 4 Shleshmantaka - - - - +

Tamil Narurici 5 Plckhila + + + + +

Telugu Chinnanakkra 6 Bhutavrukshaka - - - - +

Kannada Challe 7 Shleshmaphala - - - + -

8 Dwijakursita + + + + -

9 Karbudar - + + + -

10 Muktamuktaphala - - - + -

11 Swady - - - + -

12 VasantKusuma - - - + -

13 Lekhasar + - - + -

14 Shailesha - - - + -

15 Sutapadapa - - - + -

16 Sailuh - + - - -

17 Sapitah - + - - -

18 Bhutapadapa - + - - -

19 Shailuka - + - - - 20 Shataphala - - + - - 21 Shakata - - + - - 22 Bhatadruma - - + - - 23 Gandhapushpa - - + - - 24 Shapitha + - - + - 25 Shelu + + + + +



81

Table 67 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name: - Shatavari



Engilish Wild Asparagus 1 Shatavari + + + + +

Hindi Shatawar 2 Bahusuta - - - - +

Marathi Satavari 3 Vari + - + - +

Gujarati Shatamuli 4 Narayani - + + + +

Tamil Pilli 5 Satapadi + + + + +

Telugu Sattavari 6 Shatavirya - + + - +

Kannada Majjige gadde 7 Pivari + + - - +

8 Rishyaprakta + - - - +

9 Dwipika + + + + -

10 Urdhwakantaka + - + - -

11 Bahuputra - - - + -

12 Indivari + - + - +

13 Dhara Kantaka - + - + -

14 Shatapat - + - - -

15 Banupatrika - + + - -

16 Swadurasa - - + - -

17 Bhiru - - + - -

18 Bahumala - - + - -

19 Sukshma patra - - + - - 20 Supatra - - + - - 21 Laghu patrika - - + - - 22 Madhura - - + - - 23 Vishnavi - - + - - 24 Mahoudani - - + - - 25 Dwipisatrah + + + + -



82


Drug Name: - Shweta Shigru



Engilish Indian Harse radish 1 Shobhanjan + + - + +

Hindi Sainjna 2 Shigru + + + + +

Marathi Segto 3 Tikshna Gandhaka + - - + +

Gujarati Segto 4 Akshiva - - - + +

Tamil Sajaha 5 Mochaka - - - + +

Telugu Sikkuru 6 Haritashakha + - + + -

Kannada Nugge 7 Shakha patra - - + - -

8 Supataraka - - + - -

9 Upadamsha - - + + -

10 Kshama damsha - - + - -

11 Kamala patraka - - + - -

12 Dashamula - - + - -

13 Tikshhamula - - + - -

14 Shweta shigru - - + + -

15 Sutikshna - - + - -

16 Sumula - - + - -

17 Krishna gandha - - - + -

18 Laghu patraka + - - - -

19 Vidradhighna - - - + - 20 Mula parni - - + - 21 Mukha Bhanga + - + + - 22 Komala atraka - - + - - 23 Dirghaka + - - - - 24 Sitanhvaya - - + - - 25 Mulaka chada - - - + -



83

Table 69 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name: - Tarkari



English - 1 Agnimantha + + + - +

Hindi Arni 2 Agnimanthana + - + - -

Marathi Airanamula 3 Tarkari + - + + +

Gujarati Irun 4 Vaijayantika + + + - +

Tamil Takkari 5 Vanhi manthana + - + - -

Telugu Talaki 6 Arani + + + - +

Kannada Taggi 7 Ketuh + + + - -

8 Shripari + + + - +

9 Karnika + + + - -

10 Jaya + - + + +

11 Ganikarika - - - - +

12 Jayanti - - - + +

13 Nadeyi - - + - +

14 Vijaya - - + + -

15 Matha - + - - -

16 Gavethu - + - - -

17 Ananth - + - - -



84

Table 70 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name: - Tinduka



English Riber Ebony 1 Tinduka + + + + +

Hindi Kalatendu 2 Spnurjaka + - + - +

Marathi Timburi 3 Kalaskandha + - + + +

Gujarati Zee berwo 4 Asitakaraka - - - - +

Tamil Kattatti 5 Nilasara + - + - -

Telugu Etitummika 6 Atimuktaka + - + - -

Kannada Tumari 7 Ramana + - + - -

8 Sphurjana + - + + -

9 Kalasara - + - + -

10 Tanuka - - - + -

11 Dirghanakhi - - - + -

12 Spandita - - - + -

13 Spnurja - + - + -

14 Spandana + + - + -

15 Ravana - + - + -

16 Vara - - - + -

17 Kakapilu - + - - -

18 Kupilu - + - - -

19 Ravan + - - - -

20 Tustan + - - - -



85


Drug Name:-Udumbara

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Cluster fig 1 Udumbara + + + + +

Hindi Gular 2 Kshira vriksha + + + - -

Marathi Rumadi 3 Hemadugdha + + + + +

Gujarati Umar 4 Sadaphala + + + + -

Tamil

Adam

5 Apushpa phala

sambhandha

+ - - + -

Telugu Atti 6 Yagnangah + + - + +

Kannada Atti 7 Sheeta valkala + + + + -

8 Jantu vriksha - + - + -

9 Krumi phala - + - - -

10 Kalaskandha - - + - -

11 Yagna yogya - - + - -

12 Yagniya - - + - -

13 Supratisthita - - + + -

14 Jantu phala - - + + +

15 Pushpa shunya - - + - -

16 Pavitraka - - + - -

17 Soumya - - + - -

18 Sheeta phala - - + - -

19 Haritaksha - - - + -

20 Vasudruma - - - + -

21 Sachakshu - - - + -

22 Mashaki - - - + -

23 Kshiri - - - + -

24 Kshiradru - - - + -

25 Kanchana - - - + -



86


Drug Name:-Vanapalandu

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Indian squill 1 Kolakanda - - + - +

Hindi Jangali pyaz 2 Vanapalandu - - - - +

Marathi Jangli pyajha 3 Krimighna - - + - -

Gujarati - 4 Pannjala - - + - -

Tamil Narivengayam 5 Vastrapanjala - - + - -

Telugu Adavi

thellagadda

6 Putalu - - + - -

Kannada Kadu irulli 7 Suputa - - + - -

8 Puta kanda - - + - -



87

Table 73 VERNACULAR NAMES AND SYNONYMS Drug Name:-Vasa

Vernacular Names

Language Name

Sl

No


English Malabar nut 1 Vasakah + - + + +

Hindi Adalsa 2 Simhaparni + - + + +

Marathi Adulsi 3 Vrushah + + + + +

Gujarati Aduso 4 Vasa + + + + +

Tamil Adadodi 5 Simhika + + + - +

Telugu Addaramu 6 Atarushah + - + + +

Kannada Adusoge 7 Simhamukhi + + + + -

8 Bhishagmata + - + + +

9 Atarushaka + - - + +

10 Arushaka - + - - -

11 Inava vasa - + - - -

12 Bhishak simhaparni - + - - -

13 Utpakarushaka - + - - -

14 Vasadani - - + - -

15 Simhi - - + + -

16 Sheeta parni - - + - -

17 Vajidanta - - + + +

18 Nasa - - + - -

19 Panchamukhi - - + - -

20 Mrugendrani - - + - -

21 Simhasya - - - + +

22 Matruka - - - + -

23 Simhavallika - - - + -

24 Vasika - - - - +

25 Tamra - - - - +



88


Drug Name: - Vata Vernacular Names

Language Name Sl No Synonyms DN MN RN KN BPN

Engilish Banyan tree 1 Vata + - + + +

Hindi Bargad 2 Raktaphala + - + + +

Marathi Vada 3 Shrungi + - + + +

Gujarati Vad 4 Nyagradha + + + + +

Tamil Alam 5 Skandhaja + + - + +

Telugu Bhandiramu 6 Dhruva + + - - +

Kannada Alada 7 Kshiri + + + + +

8 Vaishravana - - - - +

9 Vasa - - - - +

10 Bahupada + + + + +

11 Vanaspati + + + + +

12 Jatatal - - + - -

13 Rohina - - + - -

14 Avarahi - - + - -

15 Vitapi - - + - -

16 Skandharuha - - + - -

17 Mandali - - + - -

18 Mahachaya - - + - -

19 Yakshavasa - + + + - 20 Yakshataru - - + - - 21 Padarohina - + + + - 22 Nila - - + - - 23 Shipharuha - - + - - 24 Danta - - - + - 25 Vaushra

vanavasa + - - - -


• Tamarindus indica

Evergreen trees. Leaf rachis 10-15 cm long; leaflets 14-16 pairs, oblong, obtuse,

oblique at base, glabrous, 2x0.6 cm long, bracts enclosing the buds, caducous corolla

striped with pink pod pale brown, slightly curved. Seeds smooth, brown, shining.

It is found in tropics. Frequent in dry plains along the road cultivated extensively for its

pod.

• Alangium lamarkii

Small deciduous trees or shrubs; young branch lets rusty pubescent. Leaves narrowly

elliptic or ovate, acute or obtuse with a pair of basal and 4-6 pairs of lateral veins;

domatia absent. Flowers greenish-white, pubescent outside. Stamens more than twice the

number of petals. Fruit ellipsoid, crowned with vestiges of calyx.

Flowering-Feb-March

Fruits-April- May.

It is found in pale tropics. Occasional in open dry places in southern interior Karnataka

• Clitoria ternatea

Glabrescent, slender twinners. Leaf rachis to 8cm long; leaflets 5-7, elliptic, obtuse or

retuse, glabrous above, pubescent beneath, to5x3cm.Flowers solitary petals white with or

without blue border; standard with orange centre. Pod pubescent, 9x1cm. Flowers-All

seasons.

It is found in tropics Frequent in most districts of Karnataka state

• Cassia fistula

Deciduous trees. Branch lets glabrous. Leaves to 40cm long, eglandular; stipules

linear, deciduous; leaflets 4-8 pairs, ovate, sub acute, 16x8 cm, raceme to 40cm long;

bracts deciduous antheriferous stamens 10, lower 2-3 larger, the rest sub equal. Fruit

indehiscent, cylindrical, to 60x2vm. 2-3 larger, the rest sub equal.

Flowers-February-April

It is found in china Indomalasia common in all districts of Karnataka state.


89


• Sapindus laurifolious

Trees. Leaf lets in 3-4 pairs, elliptic –lanceolate, acuminate, rounded at base, 8-

21.5x2.88.5cm; lateral veins to 12 pairs panicles pubescent, sepals pubescent

without. Petals white- villous on both sides often with minute scales fruit densely

villous when young, glabrous with age.

Flowering – All seasons.

It is found in India, srilanka, fairly common in deciduous to semi ever green forests.

• Terminalia arjuna

A large tree with white bark. Leaves sub opposite, ovate-oblong, obtuse, cordate,

and oblique at base, coriaceoous, petioles with 2 glands at the top beneath the blade.

Flowers [apr.-may] sessile in short axillary spikes, bracteoles, minute.calyx campanulate,

teeth small. Ovary, glabrous.disk densely yellowish-hairy. Stamens much exserrted. Fruit

samara with 5, thick, narrow, striated, truncate wings

It found in konkan,deccen,Gujarat

• Abutilon indicum

Fruticose herbs, velvety-tomentose to glabrescent. Leaves orbicular-ovate, often

shallowly 3-lobed, and crenate to dentate, chartaceous, 3-6cm across, calyx much shorter

than petals, spreading in fruit. Mericarps 1.3-1.5 cm long, stellate-pubescent.

Flowering- March-April

It is found pan tropical, extending to subtropics. Common along roadsides, in

open country, in southern interior Karnataka.

• Cassia auriculata

Shrubs, branch lets finely pubescent. Stipules large, foliaaceous, reniform,

reflexed, persistent. Leaves 9cm, long; leaflets 8-12 pairs, elliptic-oblong, obtuse and

minutely apiculate, 2x1 cm; glands between leaflets subulate. Corymbs axillary and

terminal, often panicled; bracts ovate, acuminate. Petals veined. Antheriferous stamens 6-

7, 3 larger. Pod flat, dehiscent, 10x1.5 cm, obtuse at apex with age.

It is found in Indomalaya. Common on dry, stony soil in interior Karnataka.

All seasons.


90


• Helicteres isora

Arborescent shrubs. Leaves eliptic-obovate, obliquely cordate at base, acute, crenate-

serrate, palmately 3-5 ribbed, to 14-11 cm. Flowers in short auxiliary cymes. Calyx

brown-tomentose, gibbous, 2- lipped. Petals reflexed, red turning to grey with age.

Follicles spirally twisted 5-7cm

Flowering –Aug-April

It is found in paleotropics. India to Australia. A heliophyte common near edges of forest

clearings in most districts of Karnataka state.

• Ficus religiosa

Large trees, petiole to 10cm long; leaf blade broadly elliptic-obovate or subor

bicualr, cuspidate at apex truncate – acute at base, with undulate margin, glabrous with

cystoliths beneath, to 18x11 cm; nerves 3-5 from base; lateral nerves 6-8 pairs;

reticulation Prominently raised. Figs in axillary pairs, sessile, globose, to 1cm across;

basal bracts 3, sub orbicular, 5 mm long.

It is found from Pakistan to Vietnam, widely cultivated, usually near temples.

• Ziziphus jujba

Spinous trees; young brachlets tomentose leaves elliptic-ovate to orbicular fulvous –

tomentose beneath, to 6.5x3.5cm. Flowers in sessile or short-peduncled fascicles. Disc

10-grooved Drupe to 0.7cm across, glabrous.

Flowers- April-Oct

It is found in tropics. Commonly cultivated in deciduous forests of interior Karnataka.

• Solanum indicum

A very prickly shrub, much branched, prickles large and recurved. Leaves ovate,

lobed, large, and prickly on both sides, hairy, base cordate, oblique, petioles

prickly.Flowers in extra axillary cymes, pale-purple, peducles prickly. Calyx small, hairy.

Corolla rotate, with purple hairs, stamens 5, almost sessile, anthers yellow, large, opening

by pores. Ovary and style hairy, curved at the apex. Berry dark- yellow, seeds many.

It is mostly found through out tropical India, Ceylon, Malaya, china, Philippines.


91


• Aegle marmelos

Deciduous trees. Branches glabrous or grey pubescent. Leaf rachis to 6cm long;

leaflets elliptic, obtusely acuminate at apex, slightly crenate along the margin, to 7x4.5

cm. panicle to 8 cm long Petals white 1.2 cm long, Stamens 30-60.Berry ovoid, glabrous,

8-15 celled, to 7 cm across.

Flowers –January-May. Fruits-June-November.

It is found in Indomalasia.Common in dry deciduous forests of interior Karnataka.

• Phyllanthes urinaria

Erect herbs stipules peltate, ovate-lanceolate; leaf blade oblong-elliptic, apiculate,

and rounded at base, to 12.5x0.4cm; lateral nerves 6-8 pair’s perianth lobes 6, elliptic-

oblong. Anthers oblong, straight, dehiscing vertically. Capsule verrucose. Seeds

transversely ridged.

It is found in tropics Common in Ghats, in shade along edges of semi-evergreen

forests and banks of streams, rare in southern interior Karnataka. May-September

• Coccinia indica

A perennial, diocieous, tuberous rooted, climber with simple tendrils. Leaves

palmately 5 lobed, base cordate. Male flowers solitary, white, calyx tube companulate,

teeth 5. Corolla funnel shaped, segments 5 veined with green. Stamens 3, forming a

column. Female flowers solitary, white, calyx and corolla as in male, staminodes 3, ovary

inferior, fusiform, ovoid, placenta 3, ovary inferior, fusiform, ovoid, placenta 3, ovules

many, horizontal, style slender, stigma 3,bifid, pepo, ovoid, elongate, scarlet when ripe.

Flowers- July – September. It is found on hedges everywhere, Deccan, Gujarat, and

Bombay.

• Cassia tora

Annual Shrubby herbs. Leaves 6-8cm long, with subulate. Glands between the

leaflets; leaflets 3-5pairs, obovate, oblong, obtuse, apiculate at apex, 5x2.5 cm Flowers in

axillary pairs; bracts linear, stamens 6-7,pod apiculate, subteragonal 12-0.5 cm.

Flowers-April-Dec. It is found in tropics, frequent across state.


92


• Santalum album

Leaves ovate or elliptic lanceolate, apiculate-obtuse, glabrous, to8.5x4cm perianth

lobes tufted within drupe globose, 1-1.5 cm across

Flowering-April-Feb.

It is found in Indomalesia, common especially in dry forests of interior Karnataka.

• Holoptelia integrifolea

A large deciduous tree leaves elliptic, acuminate, entire cordate.flowers (FEB-MAR)

Male and female mixed, in short racemes or fascicles at the scars of fallen leaves. Sepals

4, hairy.stamens 4-8(often 6 or 7) erect .ovary superior, compressed, 1-celled, stalked,

ovule one, pendulous, style short.samana orbicular with reticulate veined wings.

It is found in konkan, Bombay, Poona, Gujarat, and Ahmedabad. Very common, every

where on roads.

• Grewia tilifolia

Trees to 15m, glabrescent to stellate- pubescent. Petiole 1-3 cm long, thickened at

apex; leaf blade elliptic to orbicular-ovate, 7-17x4.5-9cm, acuminate to rounded usually

obliquely cordate at base, serrate to crenate- dentate, often glaucous beneath. Cymes

axillary, 3-6.Peduncle 1-1.5 cm long, shorter or slightly longer than petiole. Torus hairy

at apex. Fruit fleshy, shallowly 2-10 lobed glabrescent; lobes 5 mm across.

It is found in east tropical Africa; India, Burma, Srilanka, common in semi

evergreen and moist deciduous forests in ghats and interior Karnataka to 1450m high.

• Anogeisis latifolia

Deciduous trees. Leaves alternate or sub opposite, elliptic – oblong or elliptic –

ovate, obtuse, acute or retuse at apex, rounded to cordate at base, glabrous, to 10x7cm;

lateral nerves 9-14 pairs Heads solitary or in short cymes; peduncle pubescent. Calyx

cream often tinged with pink. Tube 3 cm long. Lobes reflexed. Fruits 1 cm long in

globose clusters.

Flowers- August – January

It is found in India, Srilanka, common in deciduous forests in most districts of interior

Karnataka.


93


• Dhatura metal

Whole plant densely clothed with greyish tomentum. Stem erect, 0.9-1.2m high,

stout, herbaceous, terete. Leaves 15-20c.m.long,ovate-lanceolate or broadly ovate ,acute

or acuminate , unequal at the base and often cordate ,entire or repand – dentate ,densely

tomentose on both surfaces and generally glandular ,petioles 6.3-9c.m.long; peduncles at

first erect ,afterwards nodding .calyx about 7.5 cm. long , inflated towards the middle

,persistent and reflexed in fruit; teeth lanceolate ,acuminate ,unequal .corolla about

twice as long as the calyx ,white tinged with green bellow ,pubescent outside ,limb 10-

toothed .capsule globose ,nodding, covered with long rather slender spines

It is supposed to have spread from S.america to all other parts of world .found in

the N.W.Himalaya, about madras.

• Euphorbia thymifolia

Prostrate herbs. Stem hairy. Leaves oblong or elliptic – oblong, appressed hairy,

serrulate mucronate to 0.7x0.4 cm cyathia solitary or 2-3 in a cyme, hairy; gland minute,

shortly stipulate; limb 0.schizocarp appressed hairy through out.

It is found in tropics. Common weed in gardens and along roadsides in most districts of Karnataka. .

• Leucas cephalotus

A small annual herb, stem square and hairy. Leaves – Ovate-Lanceolate, lobed, thin

hairy crenate, serrate, base tapering. Flowers-(November)sessile in large terminal,

globose whorls, more than 1 inch, the floral leaves come out of the verti oil bracts green,

folliaceous, lanceolate, owned, ciliate verti oil, corolla white, bilabiate, upper tip white-

wooly, lower lip nearly twice as long, stamens 4. Didynamous ovary 4-lobed style

gynobasic stigma bifid .Nutlets 4, obovate.

It is found in Punjab, Bengal, Assam, Himalaya, Rajputana desert, Kathiawar,

Gujrat, all plains districts of Madras presidency-Afghanistan.


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• Gmelina arborea

A moderate size, deciduous, unarmed tree, leaves large, broadly, ovate, acuminate

cordate at base, hairy below, Flower(February-April )in small cymes of 1-3 flowers

arranged in hairy panicles, yellowish, bracts small, linear, caduceus. Calyx bell- shaped,

hairy, teeth small 5, corolla large, brownish-yellow, 2- lipped, tubular swollen above,

densely hairy, 5-lobed, with way margin. Stamens 4didynamous.ovary 4-celled, ovule l in

each cell, style simple, stigma 2-fid. Drupe ovoid, orange yellow.

It is found in konkan, Deccan, canara, Gujarat, Dangs, Baroda, and Ahmedabad etc.

• Elephantopus scaber

Erect 15-38 cm high; root stock short, giving off many stout fibrous roots; stem

usually dichotomously branched, strigose with apressed white hairs, Leaves mostly

radical, sessile. Closely packed, forming a large flat topped terminal inflorescence. The

embryo sometimes germinates in the head.

It is found through out India – tropical Asia, Australia and America.

• Tribulus terrestris

Procumbent herbs. Leaves opposite, compound, with lanceolate stipules. Leaflets 3-

6 pairs, sericeovilous, oblique at base. Flowers pedicel led, solitary, axillary; sepals

5, acute; petals 5 yellow, equaling sepals, hairy; stamens 10, free intrastaminal

glands distinct. Ovary pilose; stigmas sub sessile on ovary. Mericarps with 2 large

and 2 smaller spines.

It is found in paleo tropics. A wide spread weed in open places, on gravelly soil in

all districts of Karnataka state.

• Tinospora cardifolia

Climbing glabrous shrubs. Petiole base twisted; leaf blade ovate to 7 and 8cm. Flowers –

yellow; outer sepal 1mm long, inner sepal 4.5 mm long. Petals fleshy, 3.5 mm long,

loosely clasping the stamens in male. Drupelets 7mm across, turning red with age,

Flowering in September – April

It is found in India, Srilanka, and Frequent in scrub and dry deciduous forests in most of

the districts of Karnataka state.


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• Terminalia chebula

A small tree. Leaves alternate, elliptic-oblong, acute, penninerved, base rounded,

petioles often with 2 glands near their apex. Flowers [apr-june] in terminal spikes,

bracteoles, exceeding the flowers, linear, acute.calyx campanulate, teeth 5. Petals

0.stamens 10, episepalous. Drupes ellipsoid, or obovoid, stone, oblong, bony. Seed

exalbuminous

It is found in konkan, Deccan, Gujarat.

• Aristolochia indica

Twinning herbs. Petiole to 1.5cm long; leaf blade oblong to subpandurate triplinerved;

glabrous, to 12x4 cm. Bracts small, linear-Lanceolate, perianth tube greenish at inflated

base and purple or brow above.

Flowering- All seasons.

It is found in India, Sri Lanka.common in scrub and dry deciduous forests in most of the

districts of Karnataka state.

• Balannities aegyptica

Grey pubescent. Branches usually terminating as thorns. Leaf rachis to 1cm long; leaflets

elliptic lanceloate, entire, acute or obtuse at apex, cuneate at base, to 3.2x2cm cyme 3-

6flowered. Pedicel to 0.8cm long. Calyx lobes ovate, 0.35 cm long, grey pubescent with

out villous within. Petals lanceloate, greenish-yellow, villous within 0.5cm long ovary

pubescent. Drupe ovoid-oblong, shortly, appressed pubescent, 4.5x1.8 cm.

Flowering – March –July.

It is found in southest Asia, Africa frequent in scrub forests of southern interior

Karnataka.

• Syzigium cumini

Trees petiole 1-3 cm long; blade chartaceous, ovate or elliptic – lanceolate, acute,

acuminate, or rarely obtuse, narrowed at base, 5.6-17x2-7cm; lateral nerves distinct

beneath. Flowers small, in ramiflorous or axillary, panicled cymes calyx tube obscurely

lobed, to 0.5 – 0.5 cm corolla calyptrate, berry globose or oblong, purple when ripe,

juicy. Flowering –Feb-Sept

It is found in Indomalesia, Srilanka, Australia common in deciduous and semi- ever green

forests.


96


• Carissa carandus

A large armed shrub, branch lets alternate with twin, stout, sharp, horizontal

thorns. Leaves opposite, coriaceoous, elliptic or obovate, obtuse. Flowers (Jan-apr) white,

odorous, in terminal corymbose, cymes, bracts linear. Calyx 5-lobed, hairy. Corolla

salver shaped, lobes 5,stamens 5, included within the corolla-mouth, filaments very short,

anthers, linear, disk o, ovary superiorly, 2 celled, ovules 4 in each cell, stigma hairy,

berry ovoid or ellipsoid, purplish black when ripe, 4 or more seeded,

It is found in konkan, khandala, Gujarat, dangs, mt Abv and every where of most

districts of Karnataka state. Often cultivated as an avenue tree or for its

Edible fruits

• Momordica charantia

An annual, monoecious climber. With simple tendrils, stem angled and grooved,

hairy. Leaves alternate, orbicular, hairy, deeply 5-7 lobed, lobes acute, spinous dentate,

base cordatre,petioles long,channeled.Flowers (August-October) male flowers solitary,

peduncles long with a reniform bracts below the middle. Calyx-tube short, lobes 5,

corolla yellow; segments 5, obtuse, veined. Stamens 3. Female flowers solitary bract near

the base, staminodes 3. Ovary inferior, fusiform, stigmas 3, bifd. Pepo fusiform,

pendulous, green, ribbed, with many triangular tubercles seeds compressed.

It is widely cultivated for its edible fruits as a vegetable

• Pongamia pinnata

Evergreen trees, leaflets 5-9, ovate to ovate-elliptic, shortly acuminate, glabrous, 12x7cm

raceme to 15cm long pedicel slender, 1 cm long. Calyx glabrous corolla purplish-white;

petals glabrescent pod obliquely oblong, beaked 6x3.5cm

Flowers – March – June.

It is found in paleotrpics. Common along river banks, often planted near villages and as

an avenue tree all districts of Karnataka state.


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• Cassia occidentalis

Under shrubs, branch lets glabrous, leaves 15-20 cm long; petiole glandular; leaflets 4-6

pairs, elliptic ovate, acuminate, rounded or cuneate at base, 6x2 cm, Raceme 2-6

flowered; bracts ovate, acuminate, stamens 6-7.2 larger. Pod linear, turgid but

compressed, brown with yellow margins. 12x0.5 cm. Flowers – march –December.

It is found in tropics. Frequent weed.

• Feronia elephantum

A big tree armed with spines. Leaves imparipinnate, petiole and rachis flat, narrowly

winged, leaflets 3-9, opposite, obovate or wedge –shaped. Flowers (march-may) small,

numerous, dull red, in lateral or terminal, hairy, panicles with male and female flowers.

Calyx small, 5-6 triangular lobes. Petals 5-6, free elliptic oblong, deflexed, stamens 10-

12, filaments hairy at base, anthers large. Linear-oblong, ovary sessile, oblong 1-celled,

ovules many, placenta partial, style 0, stigma oblong fruit a berry amphisarca- globose,

hard, many seeded, rough grey colored, seeds embedded in edible pulp.

It is found as wild everywhere or cultivated for its fruits.

• Bauhinia variegata

Deciduous trees, Leaf slightly cordate at base, 11-13 nerved. Glabrous above.

Sparsely pubescent beneath, to 11x11cm.Raceme axillary and terminal. Calyx

spathaceous, 5-tothed at apex, to 3 cm long, corolla white or pink. Stamens 5. Fruit flat,

glabrous 25x2cm.Flowering-Augest –February

It is originating in China, Frequently cultivated, some times naturalized.

• Capparis decidua

Shrubs branch lets glabrous striate. Spines straight. Leaves only on young

branchlets, linear-oblong, 6-20x1-3cm; Inflorescence axillary and terminal, of short

racemes. Petals triangular ovate, the lower ones slightly oblong, densely pubescent along

margin. Gynophore to 1.4cm long, glabrous; densely pubescent along margin. Ovary 4-

grooved. Fruits globose, beaked, smooth red when ripe 1.5cm across.

Flowers-July-November.

It is found in tropical north and Africa to India. Occasional in scrub in northern

interior Karnataka.


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• Strychnos potatorum

A moderate sized glabrous tree attaining 12m; bark black, cracked and scaly; trunk often

irregularly fluted. leaves 5-7.5 by 2.5 -4.5 cm. ,nearly sessile ,subcoriaceous ,ovate or

elliptic , acute or sub acuminate ,glabrous and shining , spuriously 3-or 5-nerved,base

rounded or acute ; petioles 2.5mm.long .flowers rather large for the genus ,in short almost

glabrous nearly sessile axillary cymes; berry black when ripe,1.7 cm.diam .seeds 1or 2

,circular ,8mm. diam.,bluntly lenticular ,not greatly compressed, shining with short

appressed silky hairs , yellow.

It is found in konkan, N Kanara, central India, N circars, Deccan, carnatic to

S.travancore, Ceylon, Burma.

• Ichnocarpus frutescence

A large much branched twinning Shrub; leaves simple, elliptical, oblong, glabrous

with reticulate venation. Cyme type of inflorescence dichasyal cyme. Flower greenish

white regular, bisexual gamopetalous calyx 5 with gamosepalous with imbricate

aestivation. Corolla greenish white, five petals gamopetalous with twisted aestivation.

Androecium made up of 5 stamens free, epipetalous with short filament, anthers oblong

and sagitate. Gynoecium bicarpellary syncarpus 2 ovules in each on marginal placenta

ion. Fruits a pair of follicles.

It is found fore or less through out India, Ceylon-China, and Java, Australia.

• Holarrhena antidysentrica

Alarge deciduous shrub. Leaves opposite, ovate oblong, thin obtuse, pointed. Sub

sessile, 6-12inches long. Flowers (February - June) white, scentless, in terminal

corymbose cymes, bracts small, calyx-lobes 5, acute ciliate. Corolla salver-shaped, tube

as long as lobes hairy outside, lobes oblong, rounded, mouth without a hairy ring.

Stamens 5, included. Carpels 2, free, style filiform stigma thick. Fruit a pair of follicles,

about 15 inches long, seeds many, comose.

It is found in Konkan, Deccan, and Gujarat and planted in the gardens.


99


• Mimosa pudica

A diffuse, under shrub, armed with prickles sensitive, digitate, stipules linear-

lanceolate, leaflets 12-20 pairs, linear- oblong. Flowers (September-October) pink, in

globose heads, peduncles prickly. Calyx very small, corolla pink, lobes 4, ovate oblong.

Stamens 4, much exserted, anthers not gland-crested ovary sessile, and ovules many pods

curved; moniliform 3-5 seeded.

It is found common every where and cultivated in the gardens.

• Caesalpinia crista

Scadent shrubs. Branch lets glabrous, leaf rachis to 25cm long;pinae 4-5cm long;

leaflets 2-3 pairs, ovate- elliptic, acute at apex, glabrous,4.5x2.5 cm. Petals yellow;

standard with red markings, pod ellipsoid, glabrous, 1- seeded.

It is found in E.asia, common along coastal estuaries (Dakshina and uttar

Kannada)

• Soymida febrifuga

Trees to 20 m. Leaf rachis to 2.5cm long; leaflets 8-10; ovate or obovate, obtuse

at apex, Coriaceoous, to 10x6cm panicle equaling the leaves. Calyx lobes ovate, sparsely

pubescent. Petals obovate, 0.5cm long, slightly fimbriate towards base. Ovary glabrous.

Capsule obovoid, 7cm long; seeds oblong, flattened.

Flowering-February-May.

It is found in India, Srilanka frequent in deciduous forests of interior Karnataka.


100


• Bassia latifolia

Deciduous trees Leaf blade 7-15x5-10 cm, usually acute at apex, rounded at base

sepals ovate- lanceolate. Corolla – White, Stamens -20 – more Berry-globose, often with

oblique apex.

It is found in South India, srilanka, common in deciduous forest of coastal and southern

interior Karnataka.

Flowers and fruits – January –may.

• Gymnema sylvestre

A woody climber, Leaves ovate, elliptic, small, acute, cordate. Flowers (April –

May)yellow in umbellate cymes, bracts small, calyx of 5 segments, deeply

devided.Corolla of 5 processes alternating with lobes, staminal – column from the

corolla-base, anthers short with appendages, pollinia one in each cell, style – apex

exserted follicles beaded, seeds comose.

It is found in konkan, Deccan, mahabaleshwara, Dharwar, Belgum, and Dabhada

near Ahmedabad

• Indigofera tinctoria

Grey, appressed-pubescent under shrubs. Leaf rachis to 8 cm long; leaflets 7-11,

opposite, rarely sub opposite, obovate – oblong, obtuse, apiculate to 2-2x1cm.Racemeto 4

cm long,15-20 flowered. Calyx incised to halfway. Pod linear slightly curved, sparsely

hairy deflexed, 6-10 seeded, 2.5-3cm long.

Flowers –All seasons

It is found in tropics fairly common in most districts of Karnataka state.


101


• Azdirachta indica

Trees to 15m. Leaf rachis to 30 cm long; leaflets to 8x2cm, ovate, lanceolate acuminate,

cuneate at base, glabrous. Flowers elongate, sepals 5 free; petals linear-Oblong, white

Disc o anthers slightly exserted ovary globose Drupe 1 cm across

Flowering January-July.

It is widely cultivated. Common in drier parts of interior Karnataka, often flora of

Karnataka cultivated.

• Gardenia lucida

A small deciduous tree, Leaves elliptic oblong, obtuse, narrowed into the petiole

at the base, dark-green above, pale beneath, stipules axillary, large, ovate acute. Flowers

(July-September) solitary, axillary, large; white turning to yellow when old, fragrant.

Calyx 5-lobed. Corolla tube long, slender, lobes 5, obovate, obtuse, spreading, veined.

Stamens 5, anthers sessile. Ovary with 2, parietal placentas, stigma entire. Fruit ellipsoid,

crowned with the calyx lobes.

It is found common in Konkan, Bombay elephanta and Kanhari caves jangles,

also cultivated in the gardens.

• Uraria picta

Leaves 5-7foliolate; leaf rachis to 12 cm long; leaflets linear, oblong, acute, glabrous

above, minutely pubescent beneath, to 16x2 cm. Raceme cylindrical, to 18 cm long,

purple calyx 0.4cm long; lobes much longer than tube. Corolla o.65 cm. long, purple

joints of pod 3-6 glabrous.

It is found in tropics rare on Western Ghats.

• Thespesia populnea

Trees to 15m, Twigs with brown to silvery pelt ate scales, leaves long petioled,

orbicular to ovate, 9-14x11cm, acute to acuminate, cordate, palmately 7-ribbed. Often

with domatia in their axis. Epicalyx lobes ovate oblong. Calyx minutely 5-toothed.

Capsule globose, often depressed, to 2-5cm. across, with yellow sap seeds.

Flowering in may-September.

It is found in Tropics. Frequent along sea coast and estuaries common and as

avenue tree though out the state.


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• Butea monosperma

Deciduous, tomentose trees to 8m.leaf rachis 15 -20 cm; leaflets rhomboid or broadly

ovate, obtuse or retuse, to 18x20cm. Nerves raised beneath, raceme 8-12 cm long,

Flowers showy, flame-colored, 6cm long, calyx dark brown tomentose; lowest calyx

tooth slightly shorter than laterals. Petals tomentose outside pod distinctly stalked,

rounded at apex 17x6cm.

It is found in Indomalesia. Frequent in most districts either in the open or in deciduous

forests.

• Cocculus hirsutus

Herbaceous climbers petiole to 1.5 cm long; leaf blade1.5 – 6x0.5-2.5cm,ovate,obtuse or

mucronate at apex, rounded or truncate at base,3-5 nerved from base. Staminate. Flowers

in short, slender panicles, pistilate flowers in short, slender panicles, pistillate flowers

usually in cluster. Drupe reddish black.

Flowering in October -April

It is found in tropical Africa and India. Common on bushes and small trees in scrub and

dry deciduous forests in most districts of Karnataka state.

• Boerhavia diffusa

Diffuse herbs with prostrate or ascending branches. Opposite pair of leaves

unequal. Petiole 0.3-2cm long; leaf blade undulate along the margin, usually ovate,

sometimes elliptic-lanceolate,rounded-cordate, rarely cuneate at base, acute or obtuse at

apex, 2-3.5x 2-3 cm. Inflorescence a panicle of sub capitate umbels; umbels 4-8

flowered. Perianth 0.3 cm long, white, red or pink constricted at the middle. Stamens (1-

)2-3 Anthrocarp clavate, glandular along the 5- ribs.

Pan tropics; common weed in open dry places across coastal plains and on the

Deccan plateau. Through out the year.


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• Ficus lacor

Trees with aerial roots. Petiole to 7 cm long; leaf blade elliptic or ovate lancelate,

acuminate, acuminate, rounded or truncate at base, coriaceoous, glabrous, with cystoliths

beneath, triplinerved, to 17x6.5 cm; basal nerves 6-10 pairs. Figs usually in axillary pairs,

sub sessile, with peducle 1-7 cm long, globose, glabrous, to 1.5 cm across; basal bracts 3,

ovate.

It is found in India, Srilanka to Solomon Islands. Frequent in deciduous to

evergreen forests of Western Ghats and occasional in Deccan plateau

• Nerium odorum

A small shrub, milky juice present, leaves verticillate in 3 or2 opposite, linear-

lanceolate narrow at both ends. Flowers (All the year round) in terminal panicles of

cymes, pink, red or white, single or double, fragrant, bracts small. Calyx divided to the

base; lobes 5, linear, acute corolla companulate, petals5, rounded overlapping corona of 5

scales present in the throat of the corolla, each scale divides into 2-7 free segments.

Stamens 5, included filaments short, anthers connivent into a cone and adherent to the

stigma, connective produced into a feathery appendage. Carpel’s 2, distinct, style long,

stigma dumpbell-shaped.Fruit a pair of follicles, seeds many, comose.

It is commonly grown in the gardens everywhere.

• Abrus precatorius

Perennial twinner. Leaves paripinnate, leaflets 10-20 pairs, opposite, oblong,

blunt. Flowers [sept.-oct.] in racemes. Calyx bell-shaped, corolla, pink or white with pink

tinge. Stamens 9, monoadlephous. Ovary stalked, style incurved, stigma capitate. Pods

flat, beaked, silky, seeds scarlet with a block spot, polished, shining.

It is found in konkan, Deccan, Gujarat and kanara


104


• Acacia catechu

Small trees branches smooth, glabrous, Leaves 10-15 cm long; Stipular spines 0.3 cm

long, on a broad base, hooked ; rachis with small gland between the upper pinnae; petiole

gland at the base of first pair of pinnae; pinnae 10-20 pairs, 2.5 -3.5cm long; leaflets 30-

40 pairs, oblong, to 4x1 mm, spike 6-8 cm long, corolla white, glabrous, thrice as long as

calyx; pod stalked, flat, glabrous, sub acute, 3-4 seeded, 6x1 cm.

It is found in south.w.India, srilanka, Burma, Frequent in scrub in coastal and interior

Karnataka.

Flowers – April- September.

Fruits – Aug January

• Hemidesmus indicus

A perennial twinner, nodes thickened. Leaves opposite elliptic oblong to linear-

lanceolate, variegated with white above. Flowers (most part of the year) in cymes, bracts

ovate, Calyx 5-lobed corolla rotate, green outside, purple inside. Lobes 5, valvate, corona

of 5 scales. Stamens 5, filaments distinct, ovary of 2 free carpels. Follicles 2 straight.

It is found common every where in hedges, Konkan, Bombay, Dangs, Poona,

Belagum.

• Acacia concinna

Prickly climbing shrubs or rarely small trees. Branches light brown pubescent, leaves 9

cm long; petiole gland below the middle; rachis with a gland between uppermost pair of

pinnae. Pinnae 4-7 pairs, 4 cm long; leaflets 20-25 pairs, not over lapping, pubescent,

8x17 mm heads 1 cm across calyx red, finely 5- lobed, glabrous; corolla white, 11/2times

as long as calyx. Ovary sparsely pubescent. Pod 15x2.5cm, fleshy, wrinkled when dry,

often indented on sutures, depressed between seeds 10-14 seeded.

It is found in Indomalaya, china, common in dry and wet deciduous forests of interior

Karnataka.


105


• Tephrosia purpurea

Glabrescent, erect under shrubs Leaf rachis 6 cm long; leaflets 7-17, oblanceolate, to

2.2x1cm raceme many flowered calyx 0.5 cm long; lobes as long as tube. Corolla pink

pod slightly curved, glabrous, 5-7 seeded, 4x0.4 cm

Flowers- All seasons.

It is found in Tropics common in the open in interior Karnataka.

• Moringa oleifera

A small, soft wood tree. Leaves usually 3-Pinnate, petiole thickened at base,

pinnae and pinnules opposite deciduous, with a gland at the base. Flowers (September-

December) white in large panicles calyx cup-like, reflexed.Petals5, spathulate, veined,

unequal. Stamens 5, fertile, alternating with 5-7 staminodes, filaments hairy at base.

Ovary stalked hairy, oblong, style cylindrical. Capsules elongate, 9-ribbed slightly

twisted. Seeds winged. 3 angled.

It is cultivated every where for its edible fruits.

• Tectona grandis

A large, deciduous tree with square, channeled, hairy stem. Leaves very large,

opposite or whorled, entire, elliptic or obovate, acute, rough and hairy. Flowers (June-

September) in large, terminal, branched, hairy cymose panicles, bracts lanceolate at the

sorks, bracteoles below the calyx, linear. Calyx 5-6 lobed, bell-shaped, hairy enlarged

and bladder like. In fruit and enclosing it. Ovoid, crumpled, veined. Corolla white, lobes

5-6 unequal, imbricate. Stamens 5 on the base of the corolla. Ovary 4- celled, fleshy,

ovule 1 in each cell, style slender, stigma bi-fid. Drupe subglobose, pericarp soft with

felted stellate hairs, endocarp bony, enclosed in accrescent calyx, seed exalbuminous.

It is very common on Western Ghats, matheran, dangs, Gujarat, kanara.


106


• Asparagus racemosus

An extensive, spinous, much branched climber with fasciculate tuberous roots.

Leaves linear, with a stout conical spinous spur, straight or slightly curved. Cladodes,

very slender, spinous-pointed. Flowers (November-January) white, fragrant in simple

racemes, either one or 2, bract small perianth-segment 6, oblong obtuse. Stamens 6,

anthers subglobose. Ovary superior, style short, stigma 3, spreading. Berry globose, red.

It is found common every where and planted in the garden.

• Albezia lebbeck

Branch lets puberulus to glabrous. Rachis 10cm long with gland near base of

petiole and one below uppermost pair of pinnae; pinnae usually 2 pairs, 7-9 cm long;

leaflets 3-4 pairs, obliquely oblong, retuse or obtuse at apex, shining, with eccentric

midrib, 4x2.5 cm .Heads 1-few, fascicled, 4 cm, across; flowers pedicelled. Calyx

minutely pubescent. Corolla white, twice as long as calyx. Ovary sessile pod flat, straw

colored, 35x4 cm. twice as long as calyx. Ovary sessile, pod flat, straw colored, 35x4 cm.

It is found in pale otropics frequent in most districts. Often cultivated.

Flowers- January- April, Fruits – April – January

• Cordia obliqua

A big deciduous tree. Leaves alternate, ovate, obtuse, entire, cordate. Flowers

(February-April) white, small, 4 gamous, male and herma cymose, panicles. Calyx closed

over the corolla in the bud, then split into 5 irregular lobes, silky inside. Corolla lobes 5,

oblong-obtuse recurved. Stamens 5, filaments hairy at base. Ovary 4-celled, ovule 1,

erect style terminal, stigma capitate Drupe ovoid pale yellow.

It is found common everywhere. Konkan, Deccan, Gujarat, Dangs.


107


• Clerodendron phlomidis

A small shrub common in hedges. Leaves opposite, deltoid ovate, obtuse or acute,

crenate, dentate, hairy bellow, wavy. Flowers(August-February) in small, dichotomous

axillary cymes forming a rounded terminal panicle fragrant, bracts small, leaf lanceolate

calyx 5- lobed, not enlarged in fruit, lobes ovate veined. Corolla white or pinkish, tube

long, lobes 5,unequal, elliptic-obtuse, veined stamens 4, didynamous, much exserted,

ovary glabrous, style slender, stigma bilobed .Drupe obovoid, 4-lobed with l pyrene in

each lobe.

It is common in hedges in konkan, Deccan, mathern Gujarat

• Diosporus embryopteres

Trees with spreading branches. Leaf blade. Oblong- lanceolate, obtuse or acute,

coriaceoous, to 19x6.5 cm. Inflorescence 1 many flowered cyme. Flowers 4 – merous.

Calyx lobes in male broadly triangular, shorter or equal to tube, fulvous pubescent

without, glabrous within in female slightly cordate. Corolla yellow 4- lobed; lobes

rounded, retuse. Stamens usually 40, in pairs, anthers hairy. Pistil lode rudimentary.

Ovary 8- celled; styles 4, each lobed into many stigmas. Fruit to 4 cm across; fruiting

calyx large, reflexed; seeds 4-8, smooth; pulp viscid, turning black when exposed. ,

Flowering – February-November

It is found in India, Srilanka, common along river banks in coastal and southern

interior Karnataka.

• Ficus glomerata

A large evergreen tree. Leaves ovate- oblong, point blunt entire, slightly reddish,

stipules ovate, 5 carious, receptacles with short peduncles on trunks and branches, sub

globose, red when ripe.

It is found common every where near streams and rivers.


108


• Adhatoda vasica

A much branched shrub. Leaves opposite, entire, elliptic-lanceolate acute, base

narrowed, flower (August-November) in axillary spikes, bracts elliptic, bracteoles,

oblong- lanceolate, margins hairy. Calyx bell- shaped. Deeply derided, lobes 5, imbricate,

oblong- lanceolate. Corolla bilabiate, white with rose colored streaks in the throat, tube

swollen above, upper lip ovate- oblong, curved, obtuse, notched, the lower lip longer than

the upper, round the central lobe the broadest. Stamens 2, filaments hairy at base, disk

cap-like. Ovary hairy 2- celled style hairy. Capsule solid.

It is found common every where.

• Urgenia indica

A small herb with white bulb. Leaves appear after the flowers, flat, linear, radical,

acute. Flower (June-August) brown on a scape few-flowered raceme, bracts minute

perianth companulate, segments oblong-lanceolate, obtuse with 2-3 nerves. Stamens 6,

included, filaments flattened ovary superior, 3- celled, ovules many, style tempering,

obconic, capsule ellipsoid.

It is very common on sandy sea shores at uran, gloved dahnu, bordi and elsewhere.

• Ficus bengalensis

Large spreading trees with numerous aerial rots. Petiole 4 cm long; leaf blade

elliptic – ovate, obtuse at apex, rounded at base, coriaceoous, pubescent, with 5-7 basal

nerves, to 12x8 cm; lateral nerves 4-6.Figs in axillary pairs, sessile, globose, silky

pubescent, 1.5cm across; basal bracts suborabicular, to 5x7 mm.

It is found in India, Srilanka, Pakistan, common in all districts of Karnataka state

planted as an avenue tree.


109


Table 75 USEFUL PART

Sl.n DRUG NAME BP.N R.N I.M.M 1 Amlika Fruits, Seeds

Leaves, Flowers

Kshara

Bark, Fruit

pulp, Seeds

Leaves

Fruit pulp, Seeds,

Leaves

Flowers, Bark

2 Ankola Root bark,

leaves, Seeds,

Seed oil

Root, Bark,

Flowers, Fruits,

Oil,

Root, Root bark

Seeds, Leaves

3 Aparajita Root, Flowers

Leaves, Seeds

Root, Leaves

Seed

Root, Bark,

Seeds, Leaves

4 Aragvadha Seeds, Bark

Leaves, Root

Root bark,

Seed, Fruit pulp

Pulp, Root bark

Flowers. Pods

Leaves, Root

5 Arjuna Bark Bark, Leaves

Fruits

Bark

6 Aristaka Fruits Fruits Fruits

7 Atibala Root, Leaves

Seeds, Flowers

- Root,Bark,Leaves,

Seeds Fruits

8 Avartaki - - Root,Leaves,Flowers,

Bark, Seeds

9 Avartani Fruit, Root bark - Fruits, Root

bark,Juice,Seeds



Sl No

DRUG NAME BP.N R.N I.M.M

10 Ashwath Bark, Bark ash

Leaves, Fruits

Fruit,Leaves,Bark

Latex,Ash,Seeds

Root bark

11 Badar Fruit,Bark,Seeds

Leaves

Fruit,Bark,Root

Leaves

Fruit, Bark.

12 Bruhati Fruit,Root,Leaves Panchaga Fruit, Root

13 Bilva Root, Bark, Fruit

Leaves, Flowers

Bark,Leaves,Sara

Fruit ,

Fruit, Root bark,

Leaves, Rind of ripe

fruit. Flowers

14 Bhumyamalaki Panchanga Panchanga Whole plant

15 Bimbi Panchanga - Leaves, Root, Fruit

16 Chakramarda Panchanga Seeds,Fruits,Root

Bark

Leaves,Seeds,Root

17 Chandan Seed, Oil. Bark, Oil, Wood, Volatile oil,

18 Chirabilava Bark,Root,Leaves

Seeds

- Bark,

19 Dhava Sara Flower, Gum

20 Dhatura Seeds,Flowers,Leaves Root,Leaves,Seeds Whole plant,

21 Dhanvana Fruit,Bark,Leaves - Bark

22 Dugdhika Root, - Root,Seeds,Leaves

23 Dronapushpi Panchanga - Flowers, Leaves



Sl No


24 Gambhari Fruit, Root,

Bark, Leaves

Bark, Leaves,

Flowers,

Fruit,

Fruit pulp

Root,Bark,Fruit

Leaves

25 Guduchi Root, Stem, Tana(Dandi) Stem, Root

26 Gojihwa Panchanga Panchanga Root, Leaves

27 Goksura Root, Fruit, Fruit, Root,

Panchanga

Fruit,Root,and

Whole plant

28 Haritaki Fruit, Fruit, bark Dried fruits,

Immature fruits

29 Ishwari Panchanga - Root, Rhizome

Leaves,

30 Ingudi Fruit pulp,

Bark,Unrippend

Fruit, Oil

Fruit pulp,

Oil

Seeds, Bark,

Leaves, Fruit

31 Jambu Fruit,Pulp,Bark,

Leaves

- Fruit, Leaves,

Dried seeds, Bark

32 Karanja Leaves, Stem, Seeds,

Root bark, Oil, Seed oil

Seeds Seeds,Stem,Leaves

Fruit, Root, Seed oil



Sl No


33 Kasamarda Leaves, Root, Seeds - Leaves, Seeds

Root

34 Kapitha Fruit, Pulp,

Leaves,

Leaves, Flower

Fruit

Fruit,Gum,Leaves

Bark, Pulp

35 Kanchanar Bark, Leaves

Flowers

Root bark,

Leaves, Flowers

Bark,Roots,Buds

Gum,Leaves,Seeds

Flowers

36 Karavellaka Fruit, Leaves, - Fruit,Seeds,Leaves

37 Karira Twigs, Fruit,

Bark,

Flowers, Fruit,

Seeds,Panchaga

Whole plant, Root bark,

Fruits,

38 Kutuja Seeds,(Indrayava)

Bark,

Wet bark, soft

branch ends,

Vrunta,seeds

Bark, Seeds, Leaves,

39 Karamarda Fruit, Root, Leaves Leaves, Flowers

Ripened fruit,

-

40 Kataka Seeds Fruit, Seeds. Fruits, Seeds

41 Krishna sariva Root, Panchanga Root

42 Khadira Khadira Sara - Extract,Bark,Wood,

Flowering tops and Gum



Sl No


43 Lajjalu Root. Leaves,Tana Root,Leaves

44 Latakaranja Fruit pulp, Laves, Root

bark

Fruit, Seeds, Roots, Bark,

Leaves

45 Mamsarohini Bark, Panchanga Bark

46 Madhuka Flowers,Fruits, Flowers,Seeds

Oil,

Flowers,Fruits,

Seed oil,Leaves,

Bark

47 Meshashringi Leaves, Root bark

Moola twak, Root, Leaves, Acid

principle

48 Nimba Bark,Root

bark,Leaves,Gum

Fruit,Seeds,Flowers,

Seed oil,

Bark,Leaves,

Flowers,Fruit,

Seeds,Oil

Whole plant, mainly

Bark and Leaves

49 Neelini Root,Leaves, Seeds,

Nila ranga

Panchang Whole plant,

Expressed juice

50 Nadihingu Gum, Gum, Resinous exudation

from fruits.

51 Palasha Flowers,Seeds,Gum Seeds,Bark,

Leaves,Flowers,

Gum

Gum,Seeds,

Flowers,Bark

Leaves.

52 Patalgarudi Root,Leaves Panchanga Root, Leaves.



Sl No


53 Plaksha Bark, Fruit,Bark, Bark,Leaves,

54 Parisha Bark,Ripned

Fruits

- Fruit,bark,

Juice,

Heartwood

55 Prishnaparni Panchanga,

Mainly root

- Whole plant

56 Punarnava Leaves,Root Panchang

Mainly Root

Whole Herb

Root,

57 Rakta gunja Root, - Roots,Seeds,

Leaves

58 Rakta karavira Root bark, Leaves Root bark

Leaves

Root,Root bark

59 Satala Leaves,Pods Bark,Flowers,

Milky latex

Pods,Leaves

60 Shirisha Bark,seeds. Panchanga,twak. -

61 Sharapunkha Panchang,Root Leaves,Root,

Seeds,Panchang

Root,Leaves,

Whole plant

62 Shweta shigru Root,Fresh root

bark,Fruit,Leaves

Seeds,Gum

- Bark,Root,Fruit

Flowers,Leaves

Seeds,Gum



Sl No


63 Shakha Panchanga - Wood,Oil of

Nuts,Bruised

seeds

64 Shatavari Tuber,Ankura Root,Leaves,

Ankura

Roots,Leaves

65 Sleshmantaka Fruit,Bark,Leaves

Fruit pulp

Bark,Leaves,

Fruit,Fruit pulp

Fruit,Fruit

mucilage,Kernal

Bark,

66 Sariva Root, Panchanga Root,Root bark,

Juice

67 Tarkari

Panchanga,Root

Leaves

Bark,Sara Leaves, Root

68 Tinduka Unripned fruit,

Ripned fruit

Sara,Kshara,

Fruit,Fruitpulp

Fruit,Bark,

Dried seeds

69 Udumbar Panchang Seeds,Flowers,

Bark,Leaves

Root,Root bark,

Leaves,Fruit,

Milky latex,

Galls

70 Vasa Leaves,Flowers,

Root bark,

Root bark,

Leaves

Leaves,Root,

Flowers,Bark

71 Vanapalandu Tuber, - Bulb,

72 Vata Panchanga Bark,Jata,

Milk

latex,Seed,Fruit

Milky juice,

Bark




Table 76 PROPERTIES ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT NIGHANTUS

Drug Name: - Amlika

PROPERTIES D N M N R N K N BP.N

Rasa Amla - Madhur Amla

Amla -

Guna Laghu Guru - Guru Ruksha

Veerya Ushna - - Ushna Ushna

Vipaka - - - -

Doshghnata Pitta vardhaka,

vata shamaka

- Vata nashaka,

Pitta prakopaka

Vata nashka

Kaphapitta

vardhaka

Kaphavatanashaka

Table 77 Drug Name: - Ankola


Rasa Katu Katu, kashaya Katu Tikta,kashaya

katu

Katu,kashaya

Guna Tikshana,

snigdha

Snigdha,tikshna,

laghu

Snigdha Snigdha,tikshna,

laghu

Tikhsna,snigdha

Veerya Ushna Ushna - Ushna Ushna

Vipaka - - - Madhura Guru

Doshghnata Vatashamaka Kaphashmaka Kaphavatashamaka Kapha,pitta

shamaka

Kapha,pitta shamaka



Table 78 Drug Name: - Aparajita


Rasa Tikta - Tikta Tikta Katu,tikta,kashaya

Guna - - - - -

Veerya Sheeta - Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - Katu

Doshghnata Tridoshashamaka,

Mainly

pittashamaka

- Tridoshashamaka,

Mainly

pittashamaka

Tridoshashamaka Tridoshashamaka,

Mainly

pittashamaka

Table 79 Drug Name: - Aragvadha


Rasa Tikta Madhura Madhura Tiktamadhura Madhura

Guna Guru Guru - Guru Guru

Veerya Ushna - Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - Katu - Madhura -

Doshghnata Tridhosha

shamaka

Vatashamaka Kaphashamaka Tridoshashamak Vatashamaka

Table 80 Drug Name: - Arjuna PROPERTIES D N M N R N K N BP.N

Rasa Kashaya - Kashaya Kashaya Kashaya

Guna - - - - -

Veerya Ushna Sheeta Ushna Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Kaphapitta

shamaka

- Kaphapittashamaka,

vatavardhaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphapittashamaka



Table 81 Drug Name: - Aristaka


Rasa - - Tikta,katu - Tikta

Guna - - Snigdha Tikshna, laghu Snigdha

Veerya - Ushna Ushna Ushna Ushna

Vipaka - - - Katu -

Doshghnata - Tridoshashamaka Kaphavatashamaka Tridoshashamaka Tridoshashamaka

Table 82 Drug Name: - Atibala PROPERTIES D N M N R N K N BP.N

Rasa Madhura,

kashaya

Madhura Tikta,katu Madhura Madhura

Guna Snigdha Snigdha - Snigdha Snigdha

Veerya - Sheeta - Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - Madhura -

Doshghnata Vatashamaka Vatanashka Vatanashka Tridoshashamaka Vatahara

Table 83 Drug Name: - Avartaki


Rasa Kashaya - Kashaya amla Tikta kashaya -

Guna - - - - -

Veerya Sheeta - Sheeta - -

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Tridosha

shamaka

- Pittashamaka Kaphapitta

shamaka

-



Table 84 Drug Name: - Avartani PROPERTIES D N M N R N K N BP.N

Rasa - Madhura - Kashaya Kashaya

Guna - Sara,Guru - - -

Veerya - Ushna - Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Tridoshghna - Tridoshghna Tridoshghna

Table 85 Drug Name: - Ashwath


Rasa Kashaya - Madhura,kashaya Kashaya Kashaya

Guna - - - Guru,ruksha

Guru,ruksha

Veerya Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - Durjara Durjara

Doshghnata

Table 86 Drug Name: - Badar PROPERTIES D N M N R N K N BP.N

Rasa Madhura - Madhura,amla Kashaya Madhura

Guna Snigdha Laghu - Snigdha Guru


Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Vatapitta

shamaka

Vatashamaka,

Kaphapittaka

Kaphakaraka Kaphashamaka Vatanashaka,

Kaphapittakara



Table 87 Drug Name: - Bruhati PROPERTIES D N M N R N K N BP.N

Rasa - - Katu,tikta Katu,tikta Katu,tikta

Guna - - - - -


Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Kaphavata

shamaka

Kaphavata

shamaka

Vata shamaka Vata shamaka Kaphavatashamaka

Table 88 Drug Name: - Bilva PROPERTIES D N M N R N K N BP.N

Rasa Madhura Tikta Madhura,kashaya Kashaya,tikta Kashaya,tikta

Guna Laghu Laghu,snigdha Guru, Ruksha, Lagu,ruksha

Veerya Ushna Ushna Ushna Ushna Ushna

Vipaka - Durjara - Durjara -

Doshghnata Tridosha

shamaka

Tridosha

shamaka

Tridoshashamaka Vatakaphanashak,

Pittakaraka

Vatakaphanashaka,

Pittakaraka

Table 89 Drug Name: - Bhumyamalaki


Rasa Madhura,tikta Tikta,kashaya,

madhura

Kashaya,amla Tikta,kashaya

madhura

Tikta,kashaya

madhura

Guna - - - Laghu -


Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Pittakapha

shamaka

Vatakaraka - Pittashamaka Pittakaphashamaka

Vatakaraka



Table 90 Drug Name: - Bimbi


Rasa - Madhura Katu, tikta Tikta Tikta

Guna - Guru - Guru -


Vipaka - - - Katu -


shamaka

Pittashamaka,

vatakaraka

Kaphashamaka, Pittanashaka,

vatavardhaka

Vatapittashamaka

Table 91 Drug Name: - Chakramarda


Rasa Katu - Katu Katu Katu

Guna - - Tikshna Guru Laghu,ruksha

Veerya Ushna - - Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Vatakapha

shamaka

- Vatakaphashamka Vatakaphashamka,

Pittavardhaka

Tridoshashamaka

Table 92 Drug Name: - Chandan


Rasa Madhura,tikta Tikta Katu,tikta,kashaya Madhura,tikta Tikta

Guna - Laghu,ruksha Guru,snigdha Guru,sukshma Laghu,ruksha


Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Pittashamaka Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphapittashamaka



Table 93 Drug Name: - Chirabilva


Rasa - - - - Tikta, kashaya

Guna Tikshana - - - -

Veerya - - - - Ushna

Vipaka - - - - Katu


shamaka

- - - Pittashamaka

Table 94 Drug Name: - Dhava


Rasa - - Kashaya,katu Kashaya,

madhura

Kashaya,madhura

Guna - - - Guru,ruksha -

Veerya Sheeta Sheeta - Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphavatanashaka,

pittakophaka

Kaphapitta

shamka

Pitta,kaphanashaka

Table 95 Drug Name: - Dhatura


Rasa Katu - Katu Kashaya,

madhura,tikta

Kashaya,madhura,

tikta

Guna - Guru - Guru Guru

Veerya Ushna Ushna Ushna - Ushna

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Kaphashmaka - Kaphashmaka Vatakaraka,

Kaphashmaka



Table 96 Drug Name: - Dhanvana


Rasa - Kashaya Katu,kashaya Madhura,

kashaya

Kashaya

Guna - Laghu - Laghu,ruksha Laghu,ruksha

Veerya - - Ushna Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphashamka Kaphavata

shamaka

Kaphapittashamaka

Table 97 Drug Name: - Dugdhika


Rasa - - - Madhura,tikta,

katu,lavana

Katu,tikta

Guna - - - Guru,ruksha Guru,ruksha

Veerya - - - Ushna Ushna

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - - - Vatakaraka,

kaphanashaka

Vatakaraka

Table 98 Drug Name: - Dronapushpi


Rasa - - Katu Madhura,lavana,

katu

Madhura,lavana,

katu

Guna - - - Guru,ruksha Guru,ruksha

Veerya - - Ushna Ushna Ushna

Vipaka - - - Madhura Madhura

Doshghnata - - Vatakaphashamaka Kaphashamaka,

Vatapittavardhaka

Vatapittakaraka,

Kaphashamaka



Table 99 Drug Name: - Gambhari


Rasa Tikta Madhura Katu, tikta Madhura,tikta,

kashaya

Kashaya,amla

Guna Guru Guru Guru Snigdha,Guru Guru,Snigdha

Veerya Ushna Ushna Ushna Sheeta Sheeta


Doshghnata Tridosha

shamaka

Vatapitta

shamaka

Tridoshashamaka Tridosha

shamaka

Vatapittashamaka

Table 100 Drug Name: - Guduchi


Rasa Tikta kashaya Kashaya, tikta Tikta, kashaya Kashaya,katu,

tikta

Katu,tikta,kashaya

Guna Guru Laghu,tikshna Guru Laghu Laghu


Vipaka - Madhura - Madhura Madhura

Doshghnata Tridosha

shamaka

Tridosha

shamaka


shamaka

Tridoshashamaka

Table 101 Drug Name: - Gojihwa


Rasa - - Katu Kashaya,tikta,

madhura

Kashaya,tikta,

madhura

Guna - Laghu Tikshana Laghu Laghu,mrudu

Veerya - Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta


Doshghnata - Kaphapittashamaka Pittashamaka Kaphapittashamaka Kaphapitta

shamaka



Table 102 Drug Name: - Gokshura


Rasa - Madhura Madhura Madhura Madhura

Guna - - - - -


Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Tridosha

shamaka

Vatashamaka - Tridosha

shamaka

Vatashamaka

Table 103 Drug Name: - Haritaki


Rasa Lavanavarjita

panchrasa

Lavanavarjita

panchrasa,

Kashaya

pradhana

Lavanavarjita

panchrasa,Kashaya

pradhana

Lavanavarjita

panchrasa,

Kashaya

pradhana

Lavanavarjita

panchrasa,

Kashayapradhana

Guna Laghu,ruksha Laghu,ruksha - Laghu,ruksha ruksha


Vipaka - Madhura - Madhura Madhura

Doshghnata Tridosha

shamaka

Tridosha

shamaka

- Tridosha

shamaka

Tridoshashamaka

Table 104 Drug Name: - Ishwari


Rasa - - - - Katu

Guna - - - - -

Veerya - - - - -

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - - - - -



Table 105 Drug Name: - Ingudi


Rasa - - Katu Madhura,tikta Tikta

Guna - - Laghu Snigdha -


Vipaka - - - Katu Katu

Doshghnata - Kaphavata

shamaka

Kaphavatashamaka Kaphavata

shamaka

Kaphaghna

Table 106 Drug Name: - Jambu


Rasa Madhura,amla Madhura Madhura,kashaya Madhura,amla,

kashaya

Madhura

Guna - Guru,ruksha - Guru,ruksha Guru

Veerya - - Ushna - -

Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka,Vata

vardhaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka,

Vatakaraka

Kaphapittashamaka,

Vatakaraka

Table 107 Drug Name: - Karanja


Rasa Tikta Katu Katu Katu,tikta,

kashaya

Katu

Guna - Tikshna Snigdha Tikshna Tikshna




shamaka

Kaphanashaka Vatanashaka Kaphapittana

shamaka

Kaphavatashamaka



Table 108 Drug Name: - Kasamarda


Rasa Tikta,madhura - Tikta Katu,tikta,madhura Madhura

Guna - Laghu - Ruksha Laghu

Veerya - - Ushna Ushna -

Vipaka - - Madhura Katu -

Doshghnata Tridosha

shamaka

Tridoshashmaka Tridoshashmaka Vatakaphshamaka Tridoshashmaka

Table 109 Drug Name: - Kapitha


Rasa Madhura,amla Madhura,amla,

kashaya

Madhura,amla,

kashaya,tikta

Kashaya,amla,

madhura

Amla,kashaya

Guna Guru Guru Guru Guru Guru

Veerya - Ushna Sheeta Ushna -

Vipaka - Chirapaki - Katu Chirapaki


shamaka

Vatapitta

shamaka

Vatapittashamaka Tridosha

shamaka

Vatapittashamaka

Table 110 Drug Name: - Kanchanar


Rasa Kashaya Kashaya Kashaya Kashaya,

madhura

Kashaya

Guna - Laghu, ruksha - Guru,ruksha Laghu,ruksha




shamaka

- pittashamaka Kaphapittashamaka



Table 111 Drug Name: - Karavellaka


Rasa - Tikta Katu, tikta Katu, tikta Tikta

Guna - Laghu Sara Laghu Laghu

Veerya - Sheeta Ushna Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - Katu -

Doshghnata - - - Kaphavata

shamaka

Kaphapittashamaka

Table 112 Drug Name: - Karira


Rasa Madhura,tikta,

katu

Katu Kashaya,katu Katu,tikta Katu,tikta

Guna Tikshna Tikshna - - -


Vipaka - - - Katu -


nashaka

Vatakapha

shamaka

Vatashamaka,

kaphakaraka

Kaphavata

shamaka

Kaphavatashamaka

Table 113 Drug Name: - Kutaja


Rasa Tikta,katu,

kashaya

Katu,kashaya Katu,tikta,kashaya Kashaya,katu Katu,kashaya

Guna Ruksha Ruksha,Laghu - Ruksha Ruksha

Veerya Sheeta Sheeta Ushna Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Kaphashamaka,

vatakaraka

- Kapha,pitta

shamaka

Pitta,kaphashmaka



Table 114 Drug Name: - Indrayava


Rasa Tikta,katu, Katu Katu,tikta Katu,tikta Katu

Guna - - - - -

Veerya Ushna Sheeta Sheeta Ishat Ushna Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Tridoshaghna Tridosha

shamaka


shamaka

Tridoshanashaka

Table 115 Drug Name: - Karamarda


Rasa Madhura Madhura - Madhura Madhura

Guna - Laghu - Laghu Laghu

Veerya Sheeta Ushna - Ushna -

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Vatapitta

shamaka

Tridoshashamaka Vatapitta

shamaka

Vatapittashamaka

Table 116 Drug Name: - Kataka


Rasa Tikta Madhura,

kashaya

Katu,tikta,madhura Kashaya,tikta,

madhura

Madhura,kashaya

Guna Mridu Guru - Laghu,Vikashi,

vishada

Guru

Veerya sheeta Sheeta Ushna Sheeta -

Vipaka - - - Guru -

Doshghnata - Vatakapha

shamaka

- Vatakapha

shamaka

Vatakaphashamaka



Table 117 Drug Name: - Krishna sariva


Rasa Kashaya Madhura Madhura Madhura , tikta Madhura

Guna - Snigdha,guru - Snigdha,guru Snigdha,guru

Veerya Sheeta - - Sheeta -

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Kaphvata

shamaka

Tridosha

shamaka

Kaph vatashamaka Tridosha

shamaka

Tridoshashamaka

Table 118 Drug Name: - Khadhira


Rasa Tikta Madhura Katu,tikta,kashya Tikta,kashya Tikta,kashya

Guna - Vishada - - -

Veerya - Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Kaphpitta

shamaka

Kaphpitta

shamaka

Kaphpitta shamaka Kaphpitta

shamaka

Kaphpitta shamaka

Table 119 Drug Name: - Lajjalu


Rasa Katu Tikta,kashaya Katu - Tikta, kashaya

Guna - - - - -

Veerya Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta - Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kapha

pittashamaka

- Kapha pittashamaka



Table 120 Drug Name: - Latakaranja


Rasa - - Katu Kashaya,katu,

tikta

-

Guna - - - - Ruksha

Veerya - Ushna Ushna - Ushna

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Vatashamaka Kaphavatashamaka Kaphapitta

shamaka

Vatashamaka

Table 121 Drug Name: - Mamsarohini


Rasa Katu,tikta,

kashaya

- Kashaya Kashaya,

madhura

Tikta,kashaya

Guna - Sara - - -

Veerya Ushna - Sheeta - Sheeta


Doshghnata Vatashamaka Tridoshashamka Vatanashaka - Tridoshanashaka

Table 122 Drug Name: - Madhuka


Rasa Madhura, Kashaya Madhura Madhura,

kashaya

Madhura

Guna Guru Guru - Guru,vikasi,

snigdha,tikshna

Guru



Doshghnata Pittashamaka,

vatavardhaka

Vatapitta

shamaka

Vatapittashamaka Vatakapha

shamaka

Vatapittashamaka



Table 123 Drug Name: - Meshashringi


Rasa Madhura Tikta Katu, tikta Kashaya, tikta Tikta

Guna - Ruksha - - Ruksha

Veerya Sheeta - - - -

Vipaka - Katu - - Katu

Doshghnata - Pittakapha

shamaka

Kaphashamaka Pittakapha

shamaka

Pittakaphashamaka

Table 124 Drug Name: - Nimba


Rasa Tikta - Tikta Tikta Tikta

Guna Laghu Laghu,snigdha - Laghu Laghu,Snigdha


Vipaka - Katu - Katu Katu


shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka,vatala

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka,vatala

Tridoshashamka

Table 125 Drug Name: - Nilini


Rasa Tikta Tikta Tikta, Katu Tikta Tikta

Guna - - - - -


Vipaka - - - Katu -

Doshghnata - Tridosha

shamaka


shamaka

Kaphavatashamaka



Table 126 Drug Name: - Nadihingu


Rasa Katu Katu Katu Katu,tikta Katu

Guna - Tikshna - - Tikshna


Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Kaphavata

shamaka

Kaphavatashamaka Kaphashamaka Kaphavatashamaka

Table 127 Drug Name: - Palasha


Rasa Kashaya - Kashaya Kashaya.tikta,

katu

Kashaya.tikta,katu

Guna Sara Sara - Sara,Snigdha Sara,snigdha




shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

- Kaphavata

shamaka

Kapahavatashamaka

Table 128 Drug Name: - Patalgarudi


Rasa - - Madhura - Madhura

Guna - - - - -

Veerya - - - - Ushna

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Kaphashamaka Pittashamaka - Kaphavatashamka



Table 129 Drug Name: - Plaksha


Rasa Katu,kashaya - Katu,kashaya Kashaya Kashaya

Guna - - - - -


Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Pittashamaka Kaphapitta

shamaka

- Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphapittashamaka

Table 130 Drug Name: - Parisha


Rasa - - - Kashaya Madhura

Guna - Snigdha - Snigdha Snigdha

Veerya - - - - -

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Kaphakaraka - Kaphakaraka Kaphakaraka

Table 131 Drug Name: - Prishnaparni


Rasa Madhura Madhura Katu,amla,tikta Madhura Madhura

Guna Laghu Laghu - Sara -


Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Tridhosha

shamaka

Tridhosha

shamaka

Vatashamaka Tridhosha

shamaka

Tridhoshashamaka



Table 132 Drug Name: - Punarnava


Rasa Tikta Tikta, Tikta Madhura,tikta,

kashaya,katu

Tikta

Guna Ruksha Laghu - Ruksha Laghu

Veerya Ushna Sheeta - Ushna Sheeta

Vipaka - Katu - - Katu

Doshghnata Kaphashamaka Kaphapitta

nashaka,vatala

pittashamaka Vatakapha

nashaka

Kaphapittashamaka

vatala

Table 133 Drug Name: - Rakta gunja


Rasa Tikta - - Kashaya,tikta Madhura

Guna Ruksha - - - -

Veerya Ushna - - Anuushna Ushna

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - Pittakaphashma

ka

- Kaphapittanasha

ka

Vatapittashamaka

Table 134 Drug Name: - Rakta karavira


Rasa Tikta,katu - Katu Tikta Tikta,kashaya,katu

Guna - Laghu Tikshna - -


Vipaka - - - Katu -




Table 135 Drug Name: - Satala


Rasa Tikta Tikta Tikta - Tikta

Guna - Laghu Laghu - Laghu

Veerya - Sheeta - - Sheeta

Vipaka - Katu Katu - Katu


shodaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka,vatala

Kaphapitta

shamaka

- Kaphapittashamaka,

vatala

Table 136 Drug Name: - Shirisha


Rasa Tikta - Katu Kashaya,

Tikta, madhura

Madhura,tikta,

kashaya

Guna Laghu - - Laghu Laghu

Veerya Ushna Sheeta Sheeta Anushna Anushna

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Tridoshashama

ka

- Vatashamaka Vatashamaka Tridoshaghna

Table 137 Drug Name: - Sharapunkha


Rasa - Tikta, kashaya Katu - Tikta, kashaya

Guna - Laghu - - Laghu

Veerya - - Ushna - Ushna

Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata - - Vatashamaka - Kaphagna,pittasaraka



Table 138 Drug Name: - Shweta shigru


Rasa Tikta katu - Katu Katu,tikta,

madhura

Katu,madhura

Guna - Tikshna,laghu Tikshna Tikshna, laghu Tikshna laghu




shamaka

Kaphavata

shamaka

vatanashaka Kaphavata

shamaka,pitta

vardhaka

Kaphavatashamaka

Pittavardhaka

Table 139 Drug Name: - Shakha


Rasa - - Madhura,kashaya Kashaya -

Guna - - - - -

Veerya Sheeta Sheeta - Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Kaphavata

shamaka

Pittakaphashamaka Kaphavata

shamaka

Pittashamaka

Table 140 Drug Name: - Shatavari


Rasa Madhura tikta Madhura Madhura Tikta madhura Madhura tikta

Guna - Guru snigdha - Guru snigdha Guru snigdha


Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Vatapitta

shamaka

Tridosha shamaka Vatapitta

shamaka

Vatapittashamaka



Table 141 Drug Name: - Sleshmantaka


Rasa Madhura - Katu, madhura,

kashaya

Madhura, tikta Madhura, kashaya,

tikta

Guna Ruksha pichila - - Laghu -

Veerya Sheeta Ushna Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - Katu -

Doshghnata - Vatapittashamak Kaphakaraka Pittakapha

shamaka,vatala

Kaphapittashamaka

Table 142 Drug Name: - Sariva


Rasa Madhura Madhura Madhura Madhura,tikta Madhura

Guna - Snigdha,guru - Snigdha,guru Snigdha,guru

Veerya - - - Sheeta -

Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Tridosha

shamaka

Kaphavatashamaka Tridosha

shamaka

Tridoshashamaka

Table 143 Drug Name: - Tarkari


Rasa Tikta,katu - Katu,tikta Katu,tikta,kasha

ya,madhura

Katu,tikta,kashaya,

madhura

Guna - - - - -


Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Vatashamaka Kaphavata

shamaka


shamaka

Kaphavatashamaka



Table 144 Drug Name: - Tinduka


Rasa Madhura - Kashaya Kashaya,tikta Madhura

Guna - Guru - Snigdha Guru

Veerya - Sheeta - Ushna Sheeta

Vipaka Guru - - Madhura -


shamaka

Vatanashaka Vatakaraka Vatashamaka Pittakaphanashaka

Table 145 Drug Name: - Udumbar


Rasa Madhura - Madhura Kashaya,

madhura

Madhura,kashaya

Guna - Guru - Ruksha,guru Guru,ruksha


Vipaka - - - - -

Doshghnata Pittashamaka Kaphapitta

shamakaa

Pittanashaka Kaphapitta

shamakaa

Pittakaphashamaka

Table 146 Drug Name: - Vanapalandu


Rasa - - Katu - Tikta

Guna - - - - -

Veerya - - Ushna - Ushna

Vipaka - - - - -




Table 147 Drug Name: - Vasa


Rasa Tikta - Tikta,katu Kashaya.tikta Tikta,kashaya

Guna - Sara - Laghu Laghu

Veerya Sheeta - Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta

Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka,vatala

Kaphashamaka Kaphapitta

shamaka,vatala

Kaphapittashamaka,

vatala

Table 148 Drug Name: - Vata PROPERTIES D N M N R N K N BP.N

Rasa Kashaya - Kashaya,madhura Kashaya Kashaya

Guna - Guru - Ruksha,guru Guru


Vipaka - - - - -


shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphapitta

shamaka

Kaphapittashamaka



142

Table No. 149 ACTION AND USES

Drug Name:-Amlika Sl No

ACTIONS D N M N R N K N BPN

1 Ruchikaraka + - + + -

2 Prameha nashaka - - - + -

3 Agni deepaka - - - + +

4 Grahi - - - + -

5 Hridya - + - + -

6 Shrama nashaka - + - + -

7 Saraka - - - - +

8 Bhedhana + - + - -

9 Shotha nashaka - - + - -

10 Visthambha nashaka - -

+

- -

Sl No

USES D N M N R N K N BPN

1 Aruchi - + + + -

2 Vibhandha + - + - +

3 Basti shudhikara + + - + -

4 Trishna - + - - -

5 Grahani vikara - + - - -

6 Vrana - - + - -

7 Shula - - + - -

8 Hridroga - + - + -

9 Prameha - - - + -

10 Rakta vikara - + - - -



143

Table No. 150 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Ankola

Sl No


1 Rechaka - + + + +

2 Krumighna - + - + +

3 Shulaghna - + - + +

4 Shothaghna - + - + +

5 Vishaghna + + - + +

6 Vamaka - - - + -

7 Kanthya + - - - -

8 Brumhana (fruits ) - + - + +

9 Balakaraka (fruits) - + - + +

10 Shukrajanaka (fruits) - - - + -

Sl No


1 Grahavikaras + - - - +

2 Ama - + - - +

3 Rakta vikara - - - + +

4 Visarpa - - - + +

5 Kshaya (fruits) - + - - +

6 Daha (fruits) - + - + +

7 Kshatakshaya (fruits) - - - + -

8 Visha vikara + + - + +

9 Sutasya shodhna + - + - -

10 Shotha - + - + +



144

Table No. 151 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Aparajita

Sl No


1 Chakshushya + - + + +

2 Visha dosha nashaka + - + + +

3 Jwaraghna - - + - -

4 Dahaghna - - + - -

5 Kasaghna - - + - -

6 Shwasaghna - - + - -

7 Vichardhika - - + - -

8 Kanthya + - - + +

9 Medhya - - - - +

10 Kusthaghna - - - + +

Sl No


1 Pittopadrava + - + - -

2 Netra vikara + - + + +

3 Raktatisara - - + - -

4 Unmada - - + - -

5 Mutra roga - - - - +

6 Graha - - - + -

7 Madabhrama - - + - -

8 Vrana - - - + +

9 Shopha - - - + +

10 Kustha - - - - + +



145


Drug Name:-Aragvadha

Sl No


1 Rechaka - - - - +

2 Grahi - + - + -

3 Jwaraghna - + + + +

4 Sramsana - - - + +

5 Kusthaghna - - + + -

6 Ruchi karaka - - - + +

7 Kostha shudhikara - - - - + -

8 Krumighna + - - - -

-9 Shula nashaka + - + - +

10 Pramehaghna + - + + -

Sl No


1 Hridroga - + - + +

2 Raktapitta - + - - +

3 Udavarta - + - + +

4 Gulma + - - + -

5 Udar roga - - - + -

6 Vrana - - - - + -

7 Vistamba - - + - -

8 Prameha + - + + -

9 Shula + + + + +

10 Jwara - + + + +



146


Drug Name:-Aristhaka

Sl No


1 Kusthaghna - - + - -

2 Kandughna - - + - -

3 Visphota nashaka - - + - -

4 Grahanashaka - + - + +

5 Garbhapataka - + - + +

6 Lekhana - - - + -

7 Vamaka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Visha vikara - - + - +

2 Shwas - - - - +

3 Kasa - - - - +

4 Ardhava bhedhaka - - - - +

5 Kustha - - + - +

6 Gandamala - - - - +

7 Sandhi shotha - - - - +

8 Grahadosha - + - + +

9 Kandu - - + - -

10 Visphota - - + - -



147


Drug Name:-Arjuna

Sl No


1 Hridya - - - - +

2 Pramehaghna - - - + +

3 Medoghna - - - + +

4 Vishaghna - + - - +

5 Kshataghna - + - + +

6 Kshayaghna - + - + +

7 Vranaghna + - + + +

8 Shramaghna + - + - -

9 Trishnaghna + - + - -

Sl No


1 Hridroga - - - + +

2 Raktavikara - + - + +

3 Medo vikara - - - + +

4 Prameha - - - + +

5 Vrana + - + + +

6 Shrama + - + - -

7 Swedadhikya - - - + -

8 Bhaghna - + - + -

9 Trishna + - + - -

10 Kshaya - + - + +



148


Drug Name:-Atibala

Sl No


1 Balya + + - + +

2 Vrushya + - - - -

3 Ayushya vardhaka + - - + -

4 Kanti karaka - + - + +

5 Grahi - + - + +

6 Krumighna - - + - -

7 Dahanashaka - - + - -

8 Vishaghna - - + - -

9 Chardhighna - - + - -

10 Kledaghna - - - + -

Sl No


1 Mutrakrichra + - - - -

2 Vatasrugdhar + - - - -

3 Amlapitta - + - - -

4 Rakta vikara - + - + +

5 Kshata - + - + -

6 Krimi roga - - + - -

7 Trishna - - + - -

8 Vatarakta - - - + -

9 Kshaya - - - + -

10 Vrana - - - - +



149


Drug Name:-Ashwatha

Sl No


1 Sthambhana + - - - -

2 Rukshana + - - - -

3 Varnya - - - + +

4 Yoni vishodhana - - - + +

5 Dahashamaka - - + - -

6 Hridya - - + - -

7 Raktapitta nashaka - - + - -


9 Shothaghna - - + - -

10 Rochana - - + - -

Sl No


1 Trishna + - - - -

2 Chardhi + - + - -

3 Murcha + - - - -

4 Raktapitta + - + - -

5 Visha vikara - - + - -

6 Vrana - + - + +

7 Rakta vikara - + + + +

8 Yoni vikara - - + + +

9 Shula - - + - -

10 Varna vikara - - - + +



150


Drug Name:-Avartaki

Sl No


1 Kusthaghni + - - + -

2 Vrushya + - - - -

3 Saraka - - - + -

4 Kandughna - - - + -

5 Vishaghna - - - + -

Sl No


1 Shotha + - - + -

2 Gulma + - - + -

3 Udar roga + - - + -

4 Anaha - - - + -

5 Trishna - - - + -

6 Rakta vikara - - - + -

7 Shwas - - - + -

8 Prameha (flowers) - - - + -

9 Madhumeha (seeds) - - - + -

10 Atisara + - - - -



151


Drug Name:-Avartani

Sl No

ACTIONS D N M N R N K N BP.N

1 Krumi nashaka - + - + +

2 Kusthaghna - + - - -

3 Jwaraghna - + - - -

4 Kandughna - + - - -

5 Hridya - + - - -

6 Trushna nashaka - + - - -

Sl No


1 Krumi - + - + +

2 Prameha - + - - -

3 Hridroga - + - - -

4 Trishna - + - - -

5 Kustha - + - - -

6 Kandu - + - - -

7 Atisara - + - - -



152


Drug Name:-Badara

Sl No


1 Deepana + - - + -

2 Samgrahi - + - + +

3 Rochana - + + + +

4 Pachaka - - + - -

5 Saraka - - - + +

6 Shoshaghna - - + - -


8 Vishphota shamaka - - + - -

9 Bhedhana - - - + -

10 Shukra vardhaka - - - + -

Sl No


1 Amadosha + - - - -

2 Trishna + - - + -

3 Atisara - + + - +

4 Aruchi - + + - +

5 Rakta vikara - - + - -

6 Shula - - + - -

7 Netra roga - - + - -

8 Shwas - - - + -

9 Kasa - - - + -

10 Kustha - - - + -



153

Table No. 160 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Bruhati

Sl No


1 Shwasaghna + - - - -

2 Shulaghna + - - + +

3 Jwaraghna + - + - -

4 Grahi - + - + +

5 Hridya - + - + +

6 Pachana - + - + +

7 Rochana - - + + +

8 Deepana - - - + -

Sl No


1 Chardhi + - - - -

2 Hridroga + + + - +

3 Agnimandya + + - + +

4 Amadosha + + + + +

5 Atisara - + - - +

6 Kustha - + - - +

7 Jwara + + + - +

8 Shwas + + + + +

9 Shula - + - + +

10 Kasa - + + + +



154


Drug Name:-Bilva

Sl No


1 Samgrahi + + + + +

2 Deepanam + + + + -

3 Visthambakara + + - + -

4 Pachana - + - + +

5 Hridya - + + + -

6 Vrushya - + - - -


8 Dahakaraka - + - - -

9 Rochana - - + + -

10 Balakaraka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Chardhi + - - + -

2 Atisara + - + + +

3 Agnimandya - + + + +

4 Hridroga - + + + -

5 Ama - + - + -

6 Shula - + - + -

7 Jwara - - + - -

8 Mutrakrichra - - - + -

9 Kasa - - - + -

10 Amavata - - - + -



155


Drug Name:-Bimbi Sl No


1 Shophaghna + - - + -

2 Jwaraghna + - - - -

3 Sthambana - - + - + +

4 Lekhana - + - + +

5 Adhmanakara - + - - +

6 Vamaka - + + + -

7 Vishanashaka - - + + -

8 Rochana - - + + +

9 Samgrahi - - - + -

10 Dahaghna - + - + -

Sl No


1 Shotha + - - + -

2 Pandu + - - + -

3 Shwas + - - + +

4 Kasa + - - - -

5 Raktapitta - + + + -


7 Kamala - + - + -

8 Atisara - + - + +

9 Jwara + - - - -

10 Kshaya - - - - + -



156


Drug Name:-Bhumyamalaki

Sl No


1 Drusthi daha vinashani + - - - -


3 Rochaka - - - + -

Sl No


1 Mutradaha +

- - - -

2 Trishna - + - + +

3 Kasa - + - + +

4 Kshata - - - + +

5 Raktapitta - + - - -

6 Krimi - + - - -

7 Pandu - + - + -

8 Kshaya - + - + -

9 Pittaja prameha - - + - -

10 Hikka - - - + -



157


Drug Name:-Chandan Sl No


1 Trishnashamaka + + + + +

2 Dahashamaka + + + + +

3 Vishaghna + + - + +

4 Raktaprasadana + + - - -

5 Vrushya + - + - -

6 Ahladana - + - - +

7 Hridya - + - - -

8 Varnya - + - + -


10 Rochana - - - + -

Sl No


1 Antardaha + - - - -

2 Krimi + - + - -

3 Pittavikara - - + - +

4 Bhrama - - + - -

5 Shukra kshaya + - + - -

6 Shosha - - - - +

7 Mukha roga - - + - -

8 Trishna + + + + +

9 Daha + + + + +

10 Vishavikara + + - + +



158


Drug Name:-Chakramarda

Sl No


1 Dadrughna + - + + +

2 Kandughna + - + + +

3 Kantikaraka + - - - -

4 Soukumaryaka + - - - -

5 Medoghna - - + - -

6 Vranaghna - - + - -

7 Kusthaghna - - + + +

8 Hridya - - - + +

9 Vishaghna - - - + +

10 Balakaraka - - - + -

Sl No


1 Dadru + - + + +

2 Shula - - + - -

3 Jwara - - - + -

4 Shwasa - - - + +

5 Kasa - - - + +

6 Prameha - - - + -

7 Krimi - - - + +

8 Aruchi - - - + --

9 Gulma - - - + +

10 Kustha - - + + +



159


Drug Name:Chirabilva

Sl No

ACTIONS

D N M N R N K N BPN

1 Sthambhaka - - - - +

2 Chardhantaka - - - - +

3 Krumighna - - - - +

4 Arshoghna - - - - +

5 Kusthaghna - - - - +

6 Prameghna - - - - +

Sl No


1 Atisara - - - - +

2 Chardhi - - - - +

3 Krimi - - - - +

4 Arshas - - - - +

5 Kustha - - - - +

6 Prameha - - - - +



160


Drug Name:-Dhava Sl No


1 Deepana - - + - -

2 Visthambhi - - - + -

3 Rochana - - + - -

4 Arshoghna + - - - -

5 Pramehaghna + + - + +

Sl No


1 Pandu + + - + +


3 Prameha + + - + -

4 Arshas + - - - +

5 Aruchi - - + - -

6 Agnimandya - - + - -



161

Table No. 168 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:- Dhanvana

Sl No


1 Kasaghna - + - - +


3 Shoshakaraka - - + - -

4 Grahi - - + - -

5 Raktapittashamaka - + - + +

6 Dhatuvardhaka - - - + +

7 Vranasandhanakaraka - - - + +

8 Ropana - - - + +

9 Balakaraka - - - + +

Sl No


1 Rakta vikara - + - + +

2 Vrana - - - + +

3 Kasa - + - - +

4 Dhatukshaya - - - + +

5 Daha - - + - -

6 Atisara - - + - -

7 Kantha roga - - + - -



162


Drug Name:-Dhatura

Sl No


1 Kanti kari + - + + +

2 Vranaghna + + + + +

3 Kusthaghna + + - + +

4 Jwaraghna + - + + +

5 Vishaghna - + - + +

6 Bhramakaraka - - + - -

7 Unmadakaraka - - - + -

8 Vatakaraka - - - - +

9 Madakaraka - - - - +

10 Aghnivardhaka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Vrana + + + + +

2 Kustha + + - + -

3 Jwara + - + + -

4 Twak dosha + - + - -

5 Kandu + + + + +

6 Bhrama + - - - -

7 Visha - + - + +

8 Varna vikara + + + + +

9 Krimi - + - + +

10 Chardhi - + - - -



163


Drug name:- Dronapushpi

Sl No


1 Bhedhaka - - - + +

2 Rochana - - + - -

3 Shothaghna

- - - - +

4 Krimighna - - - - +

Sl No


1 Vibhandha - - - + +

2 Ama - - - - +

3 Kamala - - - + +

4 Shotha - - - + +

5 Tamakashwas - - - + +

6 Kasa - - - + -

7 Krimi - - - - +

8 Agnimandya - - + - -

9 Aruchi - - + - -

10 Vataja vikara - - + - -



164


Drug name:-Dugdhika

Sl No


1 Garbha karaka - - - - +

2 Mutrala - - - - +

3 Visthambhajanaka - - - + +

4 Vrushya - - - + +

5 kusthaghna - - - + +

6 Krimighna - - - + +

7 Hridya - - - + -

8 Malashodhaka - - - + +

9 Garbha nashaka - - - + -

Sl No


1 Vibhandha - - - + +

2 Hridroga - - - + -

3 Krimi - - - + +

4 Kustha - - - + +



165

Table No. 172 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Gambhari

Sl No


1 Deepana - - - + +

2 Pachaka - - - + +

3 Medhya - - - + +

4 Bhedhana - - - + +

5 Brimhana - + - + +

6 Vrushya - + - + +

7 Keshya - + - + +

8 Rasayana - + - + +

9 Hridya - - - + -

10 Shothaghna - + - - -

Sl No


1 Raktapitta + + + + +

2 Shrama + - - - -

3 Daha + - + + +

4 Shula + + + + +

5 Jwara + + + + -

6 Trishna + - + + +

7 Visha + - + + +

8 Pradara - + - - -

9 Amadosha - - - + +

10 Arshas - - - + -



166


Drug Name:-Gokshura

Sl No


1 Brumhana + - + - -

2 Vrushya + - - + +

3 Agnikrud (deepana) + - - - +

4 Mutra kruchraghna + - + - -

5 Balya - + + + +

6 Basti shodhaka - + - - +

7 Mutra vidaha nashaka - - + - -

8 Rasayana - - + - -

9 Pusthikaraka - - - + +

10 Basti vataghna - - - + -

Sl No


1 Shula + - - - -

2 Hridroga + + - + +

3 Prameha + + + + +

4 Shwas - + - + +

5 Kasa - + - + +

6 Raktapitta - + - - -

7 Ashmari - - + + +

8 Mutrakrichra + - + + +

9 Arshas - - - - +



167

Table No. 174 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Gojihwa

Sl No


1 Grahi - + - + +

2 Hridya - + - + +

3 Vranaropaka - - + + +

4 Rochana - - - + -

5 Pramehaghna - + - + +

Sl No


1 Kasa - + - + +

2 Prameha - + - + +


4 Vrana - + + + +

5 Jwara - + - + +

6 Atisara - + - + +

7 Dantaroga - - + - -

8 Aruchi - - - + -

9 Shwas - - - + -



168

Table No. 175 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Guduchi

Sl No


1 Krimighna + + - + +


3 Jwaraghna + + + + +

4 Medhya + - - + -

5 Sangrahi ni + + - + +

6 Balya + + - + +

7 Medoghna + - - - -

8 Rasayana + + - + +

9 Deepana - + - + +

10 Hridya - - - + -

Sl No


1 Raktarsha + - - - -

2 Pandu + - + + +

3 Vatarakta + + + + +

4 Chardhi + - + + +

5 Prameha + - + + +

6 Visarpa + - - - -

7 Kamala - + - + +

8 Daha - - + + +

9 Vali palita - - + - -

10 Visha - - + - -



169


Drug Name:-Haritaki

Sl No


1 Deepana - + - + +

2 Medhya + + - + +

3 Rasayana - + + + +

4 Chakshushya + + + + +

5 Brimhana - + - + +

6 Anulomana + - - - +

7 Lekhana + - - - -

8 Hridya + - - - -

9 Vrushya - + - - -

10 Rechana - - + - -

Sl No


1 Prameha + + - + +

2 Kustha + + + + +

3 Grahani roga - + - + +

4 Chardhi + + - + +

5 Shopha + + - + +

6 Shwas - + - + +

7 Kasa - + - + +

8 Udar roga - + + + +

9 Kamala - + - + +

10 Arshas - - - - +



170


Drug Name:-Ishwari

Sl No


1 Balya - - - - +

2 Uttejaka - - - - +

3 Garbhashaya sankochaka - - - - +

4 Jwaraghna - - - - +

5 Shulahara - - - - +

6 Visha hara - - - - +

Sl No


1 Jwara - - - - +

2 Amavata - - - - +


4 Jalodara - - - - +

5 Anarthava - - - - +

6 Kastharthava - - - - +

7 Kupachana - - - - +

8 Atisara - - - - +

9 Shula - - - - +

10 Sarpavisha - - - - +



171


Drug Name:-Ingudi Sl No


1 Kusthaghna - + - + +

2 Vishaghna - + - + +

3 Krimighna - + + + +

- + 4 Shulaghna - + +

5 Rasayan - - + - -

6 Vranaghna - - + + +

7 Shwitraghna - + - + +

8 Bhutaghna - + - + +

Sl No


1 Kapha vikara - - + - -

2 Kustha - + - + +

3 Visha - + - + +

4 Krimi - + + + +

5 Shula -

+ - + +

6 Vrana - - + + +

7 Shwitra - + - + +

8 Bhutabhadha - + - + +

9 Vata roga - - + - -



172


Drug Name:-Jambu

Sl No


1 Grahi + + - + -

2 Dahaghna - + + + -

3 Shramaghna - - + - -

4 Shoshaghna - - + - -

5 Krimighna - - + - -

6 Rochana - - + + +

7 Visthambi - - + + +

8 Pachaka - - + - -

9 Adhmankaraka - - - + -

10 Lekhana - - - + -

Sl No


1 Atisara + + + + -

2 Vrana - + - - -


4 Aruchi - + + + +

5 Shwas - - + - -

6 Shosha - - + - -

7 Shrama - - + - -

8 Pittavikara - - + - -


10 Kasa - - + - -



173


Drug Name:-Karamarda

Sl No


1 Trishna nashaka(unripened fruit ) + - - - +

2 Rochana (unripened fruit ) - - - - +

3 Raktapitta vardhaka (unripened fruit ) - + - + +

4 Ruchijanaka (ripened fruit ) - + - + +

5 Hridya - - - - +

6 Saraka - - - + -

7 Deepana (unripened fruit ) + - + - -

8 Dahakaraka (unripened fruit) - - + - -

9 Vishanashaka - - + - -

10 Trishna nashaka (ripened fruit ) - - - + -

Sl No


1 Aruchi + + + + +

2 Trishna + - - + +

3 Raktapitta (ripened fruit ) + - - + +

4 Agni mandya (unripened fruit ) + - + - -

5 Visha - - + - -



174


Drug Name:-Karavellaka

Sl No


1 Bhedhana - + - + +

2 Krimighna - + - + +

3 Pathya - - - + -

4 Deepana - - - + -

5 Shukranashaka - - - + -

6 Rochana - - - + -

7 Kasaghna - - - + -

Sl No


1 Kamala - + - - -

2 Pandu - + - + +

3 Prameha - + - + +

4 Dustha vrana - - + + -

5 Lutavishopadrava - - + - -

6 Gulma - - + - -

7 Udar roga - - + - -

8 Pleeha vikara - - + - -

9 Jwara - - - + +

10 Raktapitta - - - + +



175


Drug Name:-Kareera

Sl No


1 Ruchya + - + - -

2 Deepana + - - - -


4 Shophaghna - + - + +


6 Arshoghna + + - - +

7 Grahi - + - + -

8 Swedala - - - + +

9 Krimighna - - - + -

10 Adhmanakara + - + - -

Sl No


1 Arshas + + - - +

2 Vrana - + + + +

3 Shotha - + - + +

4 Shwas - - + - -

5 Vatavikara - - + - -

6 Shula - - + - -

7 Vamana - - + - -

8 Kandu - - + - -

9 Ama - - - + +

10 Agnimandya + - - - -



176


Drug Name:-Karanja

Sl No


1 Pleehaghna + - - - -


3 Bhuthaghni + - - - -



6 Chakshushya - - + - -

7 Medoghna - - - + -

8 Bhedhana - - - + +

9 Pachaka - - - + -

10 Vishaghna - - - + -

Sl No


1 Vrana + + - + +

2 Yoni roga + + - - +

3 Udavarta - + - - +

4 Gulma - + - - +

5 Kustha - + - + +

6 Prameha - + - - +

7 Arshas - + - + +

8 Shotha - + - + +


10 Udar roga - - - + -



177


Drug Name:-Kasamarda

Sl No


1 Ruchikaraka - - - + +

2 Viryavardhaka - - - - +

3 Pachaka + - + + +

4 Kanthashodhaka + - + + +

5 Grahi - - - - +

6 Kasaghna - + + + +

7 Saraka - - - + -

8 Deepana - - + + -

9 Jarana - - + - -

10 Kanthya - + - - -

Sl No


1 Kasa - + + + +

2 Visha vikara - + - + +

3 Raktavikara - + - - +

4 Krimi - - - + -

5 Aruchi - - - + -

6 Shwas - - - + -

7 Ajeerna - - + - -



178


Drug Name:-Kapitha

Sl No


1 Kaphaghna + - - + -

2 Grahi + + + + +

3 Trishnaghna + + - - +

4 Rochana + - + + -

5 Hikka shamaka - + + + +

6 Kantha shodhaka + + - + +

7 Vrushya - - + - -

8 Vrana nashaka - - + - -

9 Lekhana - - - + +

10 Hridya - - - + -

Sl No


1 Shwas + - + + -

2 Kasa + - - + -

3 Agnimandya + - - - -

4 Prameha - + - - -

5 Visha - + + + -

6 Vamana - - + + -

7 Klama - - - + - -

8 Mutravikara - - - + -

9 Visarpa - - - + -

10 Krimi - - - + -



179

Table No. 186 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Kanchanar

Sl No



2 Vranaropana + + + - +

3 Kusthaghna + + - - +

4 Keshya + - - - -

5 Krimighna - + - - +

6 Deepana - - + - -

7 Rochana - - - + -

Sl No


1 Gandamala + + - - +

2 Guda bhramsha + + - - +

3 Pradara - + - + +

4 Kshata - + - - -

5 Kasa - + - + +

6 Mutrakrichra - - + - -

7 Kshaya - - - + +

8 Shwasa - - - + -

9 Vrana + + + - +




180

Table No. 187 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Kataka

Sl No


1 Trishaghna + - - + -

2 Vishaghna + - - + -

3 Chakshushya + + + + +

4 Variprasadana + + - - +


6 Rochana - - + + -

7 Shulanashaka - - + - -


9 Vranaghna - - - + -

10 Raktapittanashaka - - - + -

Sl No


1 Visha + - - + -

2 Mutrakrichra + - - - -

3 For jala shodhana + + + - +

4 Ashmari + - - - -

5 Chardhi - - - + -

6 Gulma - - - + -

7 Prameha - - - + -

8 Pandu - - - + -

9 Pratishyaya - - - + -

10 Kamala - - - + -



181


Drug Name:-Kutaja

Sl No


1 Kusthaghna + + + + +

2 Deepana - + - + +

3 Trishnanashaka - + - - +

4 Atisaranashaka + + + + +

5 Krimighna - - - + -

6 Arshoghna + + + + +

Sl No


1 Raktapitta + + + + +

2 Kustha + + + + +

3 Atisara + + + + +

4 Arshas + + + + +

5 Ama - + - + +

6 Krimi - - - + -

7 Trishna - + - - +



182

Table No. 189 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Indrayava

Sl No


1 Deepana + - - + +

2 Atisaranashaka + + + - +

3 Shulaghna + - + + +

4 Samgrahi - + - + +

5 Jwaraghna - + + + +

6 Krimighna - + - - -



9 Pachana - - - + -

10 Shramanashaka - - - + -

Sl No


1 Raktarsha + + - + +

2 Atisara + + + + +

3 Chardhi + - - - +

4 Rakta vikara - + + + +

5 Visarpa - + - + +

6 Kustha - + - + +

7 Tridosha vikara - - + + -

8 Gudakila - - - - +

9 Vatarakta - - - - +

10 Jwara - + + + +



183

Table No. 190 ACTION AND USES Drug Name : Krishna sariva

Sl No


1 Trishnaprashamana + - - - -

2 Aruchinashaka + + - + +

3 Raktapittahara + - - - -

4 Samgrahi + - - - -

5 Jwaraghna + + + - +

6 Shukrakara - + - + +

7 Durgandhanashaka + - + - -

Sl No


1 Kustha + - + - -

2 Kandu + - + - -

3 Prameha + - + - -

4 Agnimandya - + - + +

5 Shwasa - + - + +

6 Chardhi - + - - -

7 Kasa - + - + +

8 Visha - + - + +

9 Raktavikara + + + + -

10 Pradara - + - + +



184

Table No. 191 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Lajjalu

Sl No


1 Samgrahaka - - - - +

2 Shothaghna + - + - -

3 Kusthaghna + - + - -

4 Pittatisaranashini - - + - -

Sl No


1 Raktapitta - + - + +

2 Atisara - + - + +

3 Yoniroga - + - + +

4 Pittatisara + - + - -

5 Shotha + - + - -

6 Daha + - + - -

7 Shrama + - + - -

8 Shwasa + - + - -

9 Vrana + - + - -

10 Raktavikara + - + - -



185

Table No. 192 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Latakaranja

Sl No


1 Deepana - - + - -

2 Pathya - - + - -

3 Balya - - - - +

4 Jwarahara - - - - +

5 Shothaghna - - - - +

6 Sthambhaka - - - - +

7 Raktasthambhaka - - - - +

8 Vedanahara - - - - +


Sl No


1 Arshas - + - + -

2 Kustha - + - - -

3 Prameha - + - - -

4 Shula - - + + +

5 Gulma - - + - -

6 Vrana - - - - + +

7 Adhmana - - - + -

8 Vishama jwara - - - - +

9 Shwasa - - - - +

10 Vatavikara - - - - +



186

Table No. 193 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Madhuka

Sl No


1 Brumhana (flowers ) + - + + +

2 Shukrajanaka (flowers ) + - + - -

3 Ahridya (fruits ) + - + + -

4 Viryavardhaka - + - - -

5 Shukrajanaka (fruits) + - + + +

6 Pusthivardhaka - + - - -

7 Balakaraka (flowers and fruits ) - - + + -

8 Vranaropaka - - + + -

Sl No


1 Trishna (fruits) + - + + -

2 Raktavikara + - - + -

3 Daha + + + + +

4 Shwasa + - + + -

5 Kshata + - + + -

6 Kshaya + - + + -

7 Pittavikara - + - - -

8 Krimi roga - + - - -

9 Raktapitta - - + - -

10 Kasa - - + - -



187


Drug Name:-Mamsa rohini

Sl No


1 Krimighna + - + - -

2 Kantha shudhikara + - + - +

3 Rochana + - + - -

4 Varnya + - + - -

5 Rasayana + - - - -

6 Vrushya - + - - +

7 Grahi - - + - -

8 Saraka - - - - +

9 Sandhaniya - - - - +

10 Jwara pratibhandhika - - - - +

Sl No


1 Vrana - - - - +

2 Grahani vikara - - - + -

3 Vata vikara - - + - -

4 Atisara - - - - +

5 Krimi + - + - -

6 Kantha vikara + - + - +

7 Aruchi + - + - -

8 Raktapitta + - + - -

9 Dhatu kshaya - + - - +

10 Varna vikara + - + - -



188


Drug Name:- Meshashringi

Sl No


1 Dahanashaka - - - + -

2 Vishaghna + - + + +



5 Deepana - - + + +

6 Sramsana - - - + +

7 Kasaghna + + + + +

8 Shothaghna + - + - -

9 Raktavikaranashaka - - - + -

10 Chakshu shya + - + - -

Sl No


1 Shwas - - + + +

2 Kasa + + + + +

3 Vrana - + - + +

4 Netrashula - + + - +

5 Kustha + - + + +

6 Prameha - - - + +

7 Raktavikara - - - + -

8 Timir roga - - - + -

9 Trishna + - - - -

10 Hridroga + - + -



189


Drug Name:-Nilini

Sl No


1 Keshya + + + + +

2 Krimighna + - + - -

3 Rechana - + - - +

4 Saraka - - - + -

5 Vishaghna + - + + +

Sl No


1 Katishoola + - - - -

2 Vishodara + - - - -

3 Vatarakta + - - + +

4 Moha - + - - +

5 Bhrama - + - - +

6 Udar roga - + + + +

7 Pleeha roga - + - + +

8 Kasa - - + - -

9 Amavata - - - + +

10 Gulma - - + - -



190

Table No. 197 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Nimba

Sl No


1 Kusthaghna + + - + -

2 Kandughna + - - - -

3 Vranaghna + + - + -

4 Apakwa vrana pachana + + - - -

5 Pakwa vishodhana + + - - -

6 Grahi - + - + +

7 Netrya - + - + -

8 Krimighna - + + + -


10 Deepana - + - + -

Sl No


1 Raktavikara + - - - -

2 Kustha + + - + +

3 Vrana + + + + +

4 Chardhi - + + + +

5 Prameha - + - + +

6 Visha - + + + -

7 Shotha - - + + -

8 Jwara - - - + +

9 Gulma - - - + +

10 Arshas - - - + +



191


Drug Name:-Nadi hingu

Sl No


1 Deepana + - - - +

2 Hridya - + - + -

3 Pachana - + - + -

4 Vatanulomaka - - - - +

5 Virechaka - - - - +


7 Jwarahara - - - - +

8 Swedajanaka - - - - +

9 Sleshma nissaraka - - - - +

10 Pratidushaka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Vibhandha + + + + +

2 Adhmana + - + - -

3 Amadosha + - - - +

4 Basti roga - + - + -

5 Arshas - + - + -

6 Gulma - + - + -

7 Anaha - - + - +

8 Kaphaja vikara - - + - -

9 Vataja vikara - - + - -

10 Pleeha vikara - - - + -



192


Drug Name:-Palasha

Sl No


1 Krimighna + + + + +

2 Samgrahi + + - + +

3 Deepana + + - + +

4 Vrushya - + - + +

5 Sandhankara - + - + +

6 Kandughna - - + - -


8 Saraka - - - + +

9 Mutrakrichra nashaka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Pleeha roga + - - + -

2 Gulma + + - + +

3 Grahani vikara + + - + +

4 Arshas + + - + +

5 Vrana - + - + +

6 Prameha - + - + +

7 Rakta vikara - - - + +

8 Trishna - - - + +

9 Udar roga - - - + +

10 Vatarakta - - - - +



193


Drug Name:-Parisha

Sl No


1 Vrushya - + - + +

2 Kaphakaraka - + - + +

3 Krimikaraka - + - + +

Sl No


1 Kandu - - - - +

2 Twak vikara - - - - +



194

Table No. 201 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Plaksha

Sl No


1 Grahi - + - - -

2 Raktapittaghna + - - + +


4 Varnya - - - + --

5 Stanya vishodhana - - - + -

6 Lekhana - - - + -

7 Visthambaka - - - + -

8 Sthambhaka - - - + -

9 Vrana ropaka - - - - +

10 Yoni roga nashaka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Murcha + - + - -

2 Pralapa + - + - -

3 Visarpa - + - + -

4 Rakta vikara - - + + +

5 Bhrama - - + - -

6 Yoni vikara - - - + +

7 Daha - - - + +

8 Gulma - - - + -

9 Kasa - - - + -

10 Shwasa - - - + -



195


Drug Name:-Patal garudi

Sl No


1 Vrushya - + + - +

2 Santarpani - - + - -

3 Rochana - - + - -

4 Vishadoshanashini - - + - -

5 Swedajanana - - - - +

6 Shodhana - - - - +

7 Mutrajanana - - - - +

8 Grahi - - - - +

9 Vayuhara - - - - +

10 Stanya janana - - - - +

Sl No


1 Rakta dosha - - + - -

2 Pitta vikara - - + - -

3 Visha dosha - - + - -

4 Mutrakrichra - - - - +

5 Jwara - - - - +

6 Daha - - - - +

7 Shotha - - - - +

8 Twak dosha - - - - +

9 Amavata - - - - +




196


Drug Name:-Prishnaparni

Sl No


1 Raktashamaka + - - - -

2 Trishnashamaka + - - - -

3 Dahaghna + + + + -

4 Vrushya - + - + +

5 Tridoshaghna - - - + +

6 Samgrahi - - - - +

Sl No


1 Kasa + - + - -

2 Shwasa + - - + +

3 Jwara + + + + +

4 Trishna + - - + +

5 Raktatisara - + - + +

6 Chardhi - + - + +

7 Atisara - - + - -

8 Vataroga - - + - -

9 Unmada - - + - -

10 Vrana - - + - -



197


Drug Name:-Punarnava

Sl No


1 Swedopaga - - - - +

2 Vayasthapana - - - - +

3 Virechana - - - - +

4 Deepana - - - + +

5 Mutravirechaka - - - - +

6 Shothahara + - + + +

7 Saraka - - + + -

8 Hridya - - - + -

9 Ruchikaraka - - - + -

10 Grahi - + - - -

Sl No


1 Sarvanga shotha - - - - +

2 Shotha + - - - +

3 Udara - - - + +

4 Kamala - - - - +

5 Mutralpata - - - - +

6 Pandu + - + + +

7 Shwasa - - - - +

8 Urahkshata + - - - +

9 Rakta pradara - - + - -

10 Arshas - - - + -



198

Table No. 205 ACTION AND USES Drug Name:-Rakta karavira

Sl No


1 Savisham + + - + +

2 Jwaraghna + - - - +

3 Chakshushya + + - + +

4 Kusthaghna + - + - +

5 Kandughna + + + + +

6 Shothaghna - + - - +


8 Vranaghna - + + - +

9 Vishodhaka - - + - -

10 Vrana laghavakaraka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Jwara + - - - +

2 Netravikara + + - + +

3 Kustha + - + - +

4 Kandu

+ + + + +

5 Shotha - + - - +

6 Krimi - + - + +

7 Twak dosha - - + - -

8 Vrana - + + - +

9 Visha vikara - - + + -



199


Drug Name:-Rakta gunja

Sl No


1 Vishaghna + - - - -

2 Jantughni + + - + +

3 Keshya - + - + +

4 Balakaraka - + - + +

5 Twachya - + - + -

6 Vrushya - + - + +

7 Kandughna - + - + +

8 Chakshushya - + - + +

9 Ruchya - - - + -

10 Mada murcha karaka - - - + -

Sl No


1 Trishna - - - - +

2 Shwasa - - - - +

3 Bhrama - - - - +

4 Mukhashosha - - - - +

5 Jwara - - - - +

6 Vrana - + - + +

7 Indralupta - + - + +

8 Graha dosha - + - + -

9 Kandu - + - + +

10 Kustha - + - + +



200


Drug Name:- Khdhira

Sl No


1 Dantya - + - + +

2 Kandughna + - + + +

3 Kasaghna + - + + +

4 Medoghna - - - + +


6 Kusthaghna + + + + +

7 Switraghna - + - + +

8 Shothaghna - + + + +

9 Balya - + - - -

10 Shukrala - + - - -

Sl No


1 Kustha + + + + +

2 Raktavikara + + + + +

3 Prameha - + - + +

4 Vrana - + + + +

5 Sh witra - + - + +

6 Ama - + - + +

7 Kandu + - + + +

8 Kasa + - + + +

9 Jwara - + - + +

10 Pandu - + - + +



201


Drug Name:-Sariva

Sl No


1 Asranashane + - + + -

2 Shukrala - + - + +

3 Dourgyandyanashana + - + - -

4 Jwaraghna + + + + +

5 Purishasangraniya - - - - +

6 Mutravirechana - - - - +

7 Mutraviranjana - - - - +

8 Varnya - - - - +

9 Rasayana - - - - +

10 Dahaprashamana - - - - +

Sl No


1 Raktadosha + + + + -

2 Kustha + - + - -

3 Kandu + - + - -

4 Prameha + - + - -

5 Aruchi - + - + +

6 Shwasa - + - + +

7 Chardhi - + - - -

8 Visha - + - + +

9 Atisara - + - + +

10 Pradara - - - + +



202


Drug Name:-Satala

Sl No


1 Shodhani(kaphapittarakta) + - - - -

2 Vatala - + - - +

3 Shothaghna + + + - +

4 Uttejaka - - - - +

5 Kaphaghna - - - - +

6 Vamaka - - - - +

7 Anulomaka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Shotha + + + - +

2 Udara + - - - -

3 Adhmana + - - - -

4 Anaha - + - - +

5 Udavarta - + - - +

6 Raktavikara + + - - +

7 Visarpa - - + - -

8 Kustha - - + - -

9 Visphotaka - - + - -

10 Vrana - - + - -



203


Drug Name:-Sharapunkha

Sl No



2 Dustha vrananashaka - + - - -

3 Krimighna - - + - +

4 Anulomaka - - - - +

5 Pittasaraka - - - - +

6 Mutrajanaka - - - - +

7 Kaphaghna - - - - +

8 Balya - - - - +

9 Raktashodhaka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Yakrit pleeha vikara - + - - +

2 Dustha vrana - + - - +

3 Kasa - + - - +


5 Shwasa - + - - +

6 Jwara - + - - +

7 Vataroga - - + - -

8 Gulma - - - - +

9 Jirna atisara - - - - +

10 Adhmana - - - - +



204


Drug Name:-Shweta shigru

Sl No


1 Shothaghna + - + + +

2 Krimighna + - - + +

3 Vishaghna + - - + +

4 Medoghna + - - + +

5 Chakshushya - + - + +

6 Grahi - + - + +

7 Deepana - + + + +

8 Ruchya - - + + +

9 Shukrala - - - + +

10 Hridya - - - + +

Sl No


1 Galaganda - - - + +

2 Apachi - - - + +

3 Mukha jadhya - - + - -

4 Raktapitta - + - - +

5 Vrana - + - + +

6 Gulma + - - + +

7 Pleeha vikara + + - + +

8 Vidhradhi + + - + +

9 Visha + - - + +

10 Amadosha + - - - -



205


Drug Name:-Shakha

Sl No


1 Asraghno + + - - -

2 Garbhasandhanad + + - + -

3 Saraka - - + - -

4 Kaphanashaka - - + - -

5 Raktapittashamaka - - - + +


7 Sthambhana - - - - +

8 Krimighna - - - - +

9 Mutrajanaka - - - - +

10 Keshavardhaka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Rakta dosha + + - - -

2 Garbha + + - + -

3 Daha - - + - -

4 Shrama - - + - -

5 Kustha - - - + -

6 Raktapitta - - - + +

7 Prameha - - - + -

8 Shotha - - - - +

9 Shirashoola - - - - +

10 Mutravarodha - - - - +



206


Drug Name:-Shatavari

Sl No


1 Vrushya + - + - -

2 Rasayana + + + + +

3 Stanyakara - + - + +

4 Balya - + - + +

5 Pittashamaka - - + - -

6 Medhya - - - + +

7 Agnivardhaka - - - + +

8 Shukrala - + - + +

9 Pusthikaraka - - - + +

10 Chakshushya - - - + +

Sl No


1 Raktapitta + - - - +

2 Kshaya + - + + +

3 Raktavikara - + - + -

4 Shotha - + - + +

5 Gulma - - - + +

6 Atisara - - - + +

7 Arshas - - - - +



207


Drug Name:-Shirisha

Sl No


1 Vishaghna + + + - +

2 Varnya + + - - -

3 Tridishaghna + - - - +

4 Kandughna + - - - -

5 Kasahara - - - - +

6 Pousthika - - - - +

7 Vajikara - - - - +

8 Grahi - - - - +

9 Visarpaghna - - - - +

Sl No


1 Kustha + - + - -

2 Twak dosha + - + - +

3 Shwasa + - - - -

4 Kasa + - - + +

5 Visha vikara + + + + +

6 Visarpa - + - + +

7 Shotha - + - + +

8 Vata roga - - + + +

9 Rakta vikara - - + - -

10 Vrana - - - + +



208


Drug Name:-Sleshmantaka

Sl No


1 Keshya - + - + +

2 Vrushya - + - - -

3 Pachana - - + - -

4 Grahi - - - + +

5 Visthambhaka - - - - +

6 Vishaghna - - - - +

7 Mutrala - - - - +

8 Kaphakaraka - - + - -

9 Snehana - - - - +

10 Kaphanissaraka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Visha - + - + +

2 Sphota - + + + +

3 Vrana - + + + +

4 Visarpa - + - + +

5 Kustha - + - - +

6 Krimi roga - - + - +

7 Shula - - + - -

8 Amavikara - - + - -

9 Rakta vikara - - + + +

10 Atisara - - - - +



209


Drug Name –Tarkari

Sl No


1 Shothaghna + + + + +

2 Deepana - - + + +

3 Saraka - - - - +

Sl No


1 Pandu + - - + +

2 Agnimandya + - + + +

3 Shotha + + + + +


5 Arshas - - + - -

6 Vibhandha + - + - -

7 Adhmana - - + - -



210


Drug Name:-Tinduka

Sl No



2 Vataghna - + - + -

3 Sleshmaghna - + - - +

4 Lekhana - - - + -

Sl No


1 Vrana - + - + -

2 Pittaroga - + - - -

3 Prameha - + - - +


5 Atisara + + + - -

6 Vibhandha - - - + -

7 Aruchi - - - + -



211


Drug Name:-Udumbara

Sl No


1 Krimikaraka + - + - -

2 Raktaghna + - - + +

3 Shothaghna - - + - +

4 Deepana - - + - -

5 Rochana - - + + -

6 Bhaghnasandhanaka - - - + -

7 Varnya - - - + +

8 Vrana shodhaka - - - + +

9 Vrana ropaka - - - + +

10 Sthambhana - - - + -

Sl No


1 Raktavikara + + + + +

2 Murcha + - + + -

3 Daha + - + - -

4 Trishna + - + + -

5 Raktapitta - - + - -

6 Vrana - + - + -

7 Shotha - - + - +

8 Pradara - - - + -

9 Chardhi - - - + -

10 Prameha - - - + -



212


Drug Name:-Vanapalandu

Sl No




3 Hridayottejaka - - - - +

4 Hridya - - - - +

5 Mutravirechaka - - - - +

6 Vamanakaraka - - - - +


Sl No


1 Krimi - - + - -

2 Jirna kapha vikara - - - - +

3 Hridayodara - - - - +

4 Sarvanga shopha - - - - +

5 Jalodara - - - - +

6 Chardhi - - + - -



213


Drug Name:-Vasa

Sl No


1 Kasaghna + + + + +


3 Hridya - - - + +

4 Trishnavinashana + - - + +

5 Kanthya - - - + -

6 Kshayaghna - - - + +

7 Swarya - - - - +


9 Mutrajanana - - - - +

10 Kothaprashamana - - - - +

Sl No


1 Raktavikara + - - + -

2 Kasa + + + + +

3 Kshaya + + + + +

4 Chardhi + + - + +

5 Jwara + + + + +

6 Raktapitta - + + - +

7 Shwasa - + + + +

8 Meha - + - + +

9 Kamala - - + - -

10 Kshata - - - + -



214


Drug Name:-Vata

Sl No


1 Sthambhana + - - - -

2 Rukshana + - - - -

3 Raktapittanashaka + - - - -

4 Grahi - + - + +

5 Shothaghna - - + - -

6 Varnya - - - + +

7 Visarpaghna - - - + +

8 Vranaghna - + + + +

9 Dahaghna - - + - +

Sl No


1 Trishna + - + - -

2 Chardhi + - - - -

3 Murcha + - - - -

4 Raktapitta + - - - -

5 Moha - - + - -

6 Yonidosha - - - + +

7 Visarpa - - - + +

8 Shotha - - + - -

9 Vrana - + + + +

10 Jwara - - + - -



215


METHODS OR PURIFICATION

Among total surveyed 72 medicinal plants some of which are available in selected

part of Kappat gudda are toxic in nature they requires proper purification procedures

as per Classics

Those are

• Dhatura

• Nadi Hingu

• Rakta gunja

• Rakta Karavira

Dhatura – The fresh Dhatura seeds are to be subjected for swedana in dhola

yantra for 3 hours (1 prahara) which contains gomutra after it is dried in sun

and it is filtered, This purifies Dhatura

Nadi Hingu –It contains small pieces of sticks, grass etc. hence it is to be

purified.

In hot water it is to be filtered and then dried then only it is to be

medicinal purposes

Rakta gunja – The fresh gunja seeds are to be tie in cloth and make a pottali,

The then in Dhola yantra filled with kanji this is to be boiled for 3 hours

(1 prahar) this purifies gunja

Rakta karavira-As like vatsanabha it is subjected to swedana in dhola yantra

for 3 hours (1 prahara) in godugdha this purifies karavira



Contraindications

Among total surveyed 72 medicinal plants of selected part of kappat gudda some are

contraindicated in certain conditions.

Those plants are

o Aristhaka o Haritaki o Ishwari o Rakta karavira o Vana palandu o Vasa

Aristhaka

In pregnancy it is contraindicated because it makes garbhapatana

Haritaki

Those who are walking from long distance and tiered ,strenthless,dry ,thin ,fasting,

pittaja prakruti persons ,pregnant women and one who undergoes Rakta mokshana

already for those intech of Haritaki is contraindicated

Haritaki is contraindicated in those persons who are suffering from thirst,

manuysthambha (Lock jaw), Jalagraha, Kshaya etc, disorders, Navina jwara,

jirnavastha and pregnant women

Haritaki is not usually indicated in conditions like thirst, dryness of mouth,

lock jaw, dysphagia, and early stage of fever, emaciation and in pregnancy.

Ishwari

It makes uterine contraction .hence it is contraindicated in pregnancy.

Rakta karavira

It is poisonous to all animals .It should not be given in empty stomach. It is preferably

given as external not internal. In sevior

Deep wounds it should not be used. Which causes absorption of satwa of drug and

sevior bodily symptoms will appear.

Vana palandu

In acute renal disorders and in acute kaphaja disorders it should not be given (Because

in excess dose it produces rakta meha also).

Vasa It should not be given in acute Asthmatic attacks .Because it is unable to

stop those attacks.


216


Table No. 222 VISHISHTA YOGAS Drug Name: - Amlika

Sl.no VISHISHTA YOGAS REFERENCE

1 Shankha vati B.R. 10/187

Table No. 223 Drug Name:-Ankola


1 Ankola baddha vati R.Y.S.I p.46

2 Istarhasiddi gutika R.Y.S.I p.151

Table No. 224 Drug Name: - Aragvadha


1 Aragvadhadi kwath B.R. 54/64-65

2 Aragvadhadi sukshmavarti B.R. 50/6

3 Aragvadha tailam B.R. 54/275

Table No. 225 Drug Name: - Arjuna


1 Kakubhadi churnam B.R. 33/22-23

2 Arjuna ghritam B.R.33/74

3 Parthdyaristha B.R. 33/75-76-77.

Table No. 226 Drug Name:-Ashwatha


1 Ashwath kashaya Cha.S.Chi 29/158.

2 Nyagrodhadi ghritam B.R. 66/96-99

3 Ashwatha muladi modaka B.S.Chi.4/54-70


Review of Literature Table No. 227 Drug Name: - Ati bala


1 Amrita taila Cha.S.Chi 28/157-164

2 Atibala rasayana Su.Sa.Chi 27/10

Table No. 228 Drug Name: - Bruhati


1 Brihatyadi Kwath B.R. 5/266-267

2 Pippalyadi leha G.N. 2.10.65

3 Dashamoolaristha B.R. 74/357-371

4 Dashamool Tailam B.R. 65/111-112

5 Dashamool Guda B.R. 136/143

Table No. 229 Drug Name: - Bilwa


1 Bilwa rasayana Su.Chi. 28/10-12

2 Bilwadi ghrita B.R. 8/558

3 Bilwadi taila Su.Ut.21/35-37

4 Bilwa majjadi yoga B.R.7/123

5 Bilwadi churna B.R.7/94

Table No. 230 Drug Name: - Bimbi


1 Bimbi ghrita G.N. 2.6.41


Review of Literature Table No. 231 Drug Name: - Chakramarda


1 Chkaramarda Tailam Bha.pra.chi 44.45.46

Table No. 232 Drug Name: - Chandana


1 Chandanadi taila Cha.Chi 3/258

2 Chandanadi ghrita Cha.Chi.15/125-128

3 Chanadanadi kwatha Su.Chi 5/8

Table No. 233 Drug Name: - Dhava


1 Chandanadi Taila Cha.Chi.3/258

Table No. 234 Drug Name: - Dhanvana


1 Chandanadi Taila Cha.Chi 3/258

Table No. 235 Drug Name: - Dhatura


1 Kanakasava B.R 16/115-119

2 Unamatta rasa B.R. 5/600

3 Pralapantaka rasa R.T. 24/379-382

4 Unamada gajankusha rasa R.T. 24/383-385


Review of Literature Table No. 236 Drug Name: - Gambhari


1 Drakshadi Kwatha S.S.U.39/173

2 Kasmarya-rasayana A.S.49/402

3 Kasmarya-taila B.P.Chi61/4

4 Kashmaryadi-panaka BH.Chi30/37-39

5 Shriparnyadi kwath B.R. 5/119

Table No. 237 Drug Name: - Gokshura


1 Gokshuradhi gugglu S.G.M.Kha 7/84-87

2 Gokshuradi yoga Cha.Chi.26/62

3 Gokshuradhi kwatha S.G.M.Kha 2/107

4 Swadamstra ghrita C.D.31/27-30

5 Gokshuravalehya B.P.M.38/105-107

Table No. 238 Drug Name:-Guduchi


1 Amritadya Taila Cha.Chi 28/157-169

2 Guduchi ghrita Cha.Chi16/134

3 Guduchi Modaka B.P.Chi.1/757-60

4 Madhuparnyadi taila C.S.Chi.29/91-95

5 Guduchyadi kwath B.R. 5/66


Review of Literature Table No. 239 Drug Name: - Haritaki


1 Abhayaristha Cha.Chi 14/138-143

2 Agasthya Haritaki Cha.Chi 18/57-62

3 Danti Haritaki Cha.Chi 5/154-160

4 Haritaki leha Cha.Chi18/168-169

5 Kamsa Haritaki Cha.Chi 12/50-52

Table No. 240 Drug Name: - Ingudi


1 Ingudi Tailam Cha.S. Chi 7/119

Table No. 241 Drug Name:-Ishwari


1 Ishwari muladi lepa G.N 35/54

Table No. 242 Drug Name: - Jambu


1 Jambvadya tailam B.R. 52/83-86

Table No. 243 Drug Name:-Kapitha

Sl

no

VISHISHTA YOGAS REFERENCE

1 Kapithadhi leha Cha.Chi 23/184

2 Kapithadhi peya B.R. 8/5

3 Kapitha sthaka churna B.R. 8/40-42



Table No. 244 Drug Name: - Karanja


1 Karanjadya ghrita S.S.Chi16/16-21

2 Karanjadi taila B. R. 57/26

3 Karanjadi lepa B.R. 47/47

Table No. 245 Drug Name:-Kanchanar


1 Kanchanar gugglu B. R. 44/64-69

2 Kanchanar Varuna kwath B. R.44/19

3 Kanchanar Shunthi prayoga B. R. 44/20

4 Kanchanar kwath B.R. 59/22

Table No. 246 Drug Name: - Kataka


1 Kataka khadira kashaya C.D. 54/68

Table No. 247 Drug Name: - Kutaja


1 Kutajaristha S.G. 2.10 44-46

2 Kutajadi rasa kriya Cha.S.Chi 14/188-192

3 Kutaja kshira Bha.pra.Chi 2/ 59-60

4 Kutajavalehya B.R. 6/44-49

5 Kutajadi ghrita B.R.9/191



Table No. 248 Drug Name: - Nadi Hingu


1 Hapusadya ghrita Cha.chi 5/71-73

2 Chitrakadi ghrita Su. Su.42/25

Table No. 249 Drug Name: - Nilini


1 Nilinyadi ghrita Cha.S.Chi 5/106-109

2 Nilinyadi Churna Chs.S.Chi13/137

Table No. 250 Drug Name: - Nimba


1 Nimbadi kwath B.R. 5/194

2 Nimbadi kwath B.R. 5/136

3 Nimbadi Churnam B.R. 27/28-35

Table No. 251 Drug Name: - Palasha


1 Palasha kshara ghrita Cha.S.Chi 5/173

2 Palasha beejadi churnam B.R.11/12

3 Palashadi kwath Cha.S.Chi.15/142-143

Table No. 252 Drug Name:-Parisha


1 Panchavalkala Churna B.R. 47/40


Review of Literature Table No. 253 Drug Name:-Plaksha



2 Nyagrodhadi churnam B.R. 37/45-49

Table No. 254 Drug Name: - Prishna parni


1 Dashamoolaristha B.R. 74/357-371

4 Dashamool Tailam B.R. 65/111-112

5 Dashamool Guda B.R. 136/143

Table No. 255 Drug Name:-punarnava


1 Punarnava mandura Cha.S.Chi 16/93-96

2 Punarnavadyaristha Cha.S.Chi 12/23

3 Punarnavadya Taila Bha.pra.Chi 37/95-99

4 Punarnavadi Leha B.R. 42/39-41

5 Punarnavadi Ghrita B.R. 42/142

Table No. 256 Drug Name:-Rakta Gunja


1 Gunjadi tailam R.T. 24/ 458-459

2 Gunjabhadra rasa. R.T. 24/467-469

3 Gunja jeevana rasa R.T.24/464-466


Review of Literature Table No. 257 Drug Name:-Rakta karavira


1 Karaviradi tailam B.R. 63/32

2 Hayamaradi taila B.R.68/120-122

3 Sveta karaviradya taila Cha.Chi.7/106-107

Table No. 258 Drug Name:-Sariva


1 Sarivadi kwath B.R. 5/145

2 Sarivadhyavaleha B.R. 52/67-71

3 Mahatiktaka ghrita Cha. Chi 7/145

4 Amrita ghrita Cha. Chi 23/243

Table No. 259 Drug Name:-Shakha

Sl,no VISHISHTA YOGAS REFERENCE

1 Ksharagada Su.Sa. Ka.6/3

Table No. 260 Drug Name:-Shatavari


1 Shatavaryadi ghrita Cha.S.Chi 4/95-96

2 Shatavaryadi taila Cha.S. Si.9/8

3 Shatamulyadi loham B. R. 13/75-76

4 Phala ghrita A.H.Utt. 34/63-67

5 Shatavari modaka B. R. 74/208-224


Review of Literature Table No. 261 Drug Name:-Shirisha


1 Pancha Shirisha Agada Cha.S.Chi 23/218

2 Shirishadi Kashaya Cha.S.Chi 6/31

3 Shirishadyanjana Cha.S.Chi 9/65

4 Shirisharistham B. R.72/72-74

Table No. 262 Drug Name: - Shweta Shigru


1 Shigru kwath B.R. 40/4

2 Shyamadi churna B.R. 30/15

Table No. 263 Drug Name: - Tarkari


1 Dasholoolaristha B.R. 74/357-371

Table No. 264 Drug Name:-Udumbara



2 Udumbaradi taila Cha.S.Chi 30/73-75

3 Udumbaradi ghrita Cha.S. Si. 8/36-37


Review of Literature Table No. 265 Drug Name: - Vasa


1 Vasa Ghrita Cha.Chi.4/88

2 Vasavaleha B.P.Chi 11/55-57

3 Vasachandanadi Tailam B.R. 15/204-210

4 Vasamuladi Taila Cha.Chi28/170-171

5 Vasadi kwath B.R. 13/102-106

Table No. 266 Drug Name: - Vata


1 Nyagrodhadi Churna B.R. 37/45-49

2 Nyagrodhadi Ghrita Cha.S.Chi.19/99

3 Nyagrodhadi kashaya Cha.S.Chi.25/87


Methodology

Methodology

A. plan of the study

1. Selection of selected part of the kappat gudda area in view of rich floral growth.

The present survey was conducted at kelur beat. This is a part of kappat

gudda situated in the mundargi taluka of gadag district. This kelur beat begins from kelur

village to Mallappan Maddi temple to the extent of 2-4 Kms not the whole of kappat gudda

hill range.

2. Study of previous works.

Knowledge of flora of an area to be explored saves a lot of time and energy spent on

collecting and identifying plants.

3. Gathering all requisite information about the occurrence of different species, including

notes on geography, paths etc.

4. Fixation of time and period in appropriate season-

The survey was conducted by visiting and surveying of selected part of kappat gudda hill

range regularly in all seasons

.5 Photographs of each plant (i.e. Whole plant, flower, fruit etc separately) also be taken.

6. The collected plants will be identified botanically and on the information available in

dravya guna shastra

6. Need of proper contacts with various sources and authorities concerned in the field.

7. Arrangement for a suitable vehicle

i.e. to roam not only on the road sides but also deep in the forest.

B. Surveys and analytical tools

1. The authoritative prior permissions are to be taken from the district as well as range

forest departments for the field work in the kelur beat of kappat gudda hill range.

2. The authoritative permission is to be taken for photography and specimen collections etc.

3. To make arrangements of various kinds of survey equipments like herbarium sheets,

drying and preserving materials, stationary items like knife for cutting the thorny plants, to

collect tubers, to collect whole plant, bark etc, digital camera etc


Methodology

C. Anthropology

It means talking with local people.

1. Selection of local informers.

Local informers to help in the identification of medicinal plants and also for the area

where medicinal plants are abundantly obtain.

2. Better co-ordination with the authorities and informers.

D. .Limitations of the study

1. Survey of the medicinal plants available in the selected hilly parts of kappat gudda not

the whole area of kappat gudda

2. Considering the 5 Nighantus as a standard i.e. Dhanvantari Nighantu,Madanpal

Nighantu,Raj Nighantu,Kaidev Nighantu,Bhavaprakash Nighantu in this study

properties, Synonyms, Actions and uses of total surveyed 72 drugs have been

explained.

E .The data’s of the survey will be documented on the basis of following parameters

a) Latin name, Family, Kula and Gana

b) Vernacular names and synonyms according to different Nighantus

c) Botanical Description and Habitat

d) Useful Part according to different authors

e) Properties according to different Nighantus

f) Action and Uses according to different Nighantus

g) Methods of Purification

h) Contraindications

i) Vishishta Yogas


Methodology

F. Post survey

1. Preparing herbarium sheets, preserving the useful parts of the plants etc

2. Arranging the data recorded in the field assessment, drawing conclusion by discussion.

3.Searching for proper identification of the family and genus of the species by looking

into the respective flora .

4. To identify the unidentified drugs by the post workers


Identification-Through herbariums (Collected plant specimens from natural habitat)

Nomenclature – Naming the plants on the basis of Latin name, Sanskrit name and

through different vernacular names.

Classification-By referring Benthum and Hooker classification for identification of

family.

Botanical description-By referring Flora of Karnataka, Bombay ,A Text book of

systemic botany by prof R.N.Sutaria,Indian medicinal plants by kirtikar basu the

habitate,botanical description of the plants are taken.

Study duration –one year


Discussion

Discussion

• The concept of drug survey has been discussed by Brihatrayees, Nighantus at

various contexts, had given importance for the survey through different persons

and localities. Importance of survey has been highlighted for the beneficial of

physician in identification, and in multidimensional uses of different plants.

• In support to acharya Vagbhata s quotation Jagatyevam anoushadham i.e, there

exists no substance in the world without medicinal property, so the adaptation of

plants survey is very much necessary. Thus, it is essential to know about survey

and diverse utility of vegetation by the local traditional group.

• The reference regarding the concept of survey is seen from the time of Vedas that

emphasizes its popularity and usefulness. Most of the earlier authors have dealt

this in various contexts; however references of these are found scattered in

different literatures.

• Acharya Sushruta opines that the drug survey should be conducted in all the areas

like river banks, near ashramas, holy place, and hilly regions.

• Raj Nighantu illustrate that the qualities of drugs and its names changes from one

place to other place, so to assess each drug, the survey is conducted and this

should cover all the regions and not restricted to the limited area. This shows the

importance of regional wise survey.

• The concept of drug survey has been tried to arrange in a systematic manner by

explaining the methodology of survey as a separate section. This helps to have the

clear knowledge of the required materials to be more contented during the drug

survey.

• In identification of different species the local names helps in distinguishing the

varieties of plants and consideration of different sources. Collections of their

experiences in different uses are helpful for safe administration.

• Most of the plants grown in Kelur beat area are belongs to Caesalpinaceae,

Apocyanaceae, Mimosoideae and Moraceae family.


Discussion

• Majority of the plants grown in this area are having madhura, tikta, katu,kashaya

rasas predominantly, but surprisingly ushna and sheeta virya drugs are equally

distributed in this area.

• The plants which are richly, moderately and rarely available in the selected part of

kappat gudda area are as follows. Table No. 267 SL no

Plant name Richly available

Moderately available

Rarely available

1 Amlika - + - 2 Ankola + - - 3 Aparajita - + - 4 Aragvadha + - - 5 Aristhaka - + - 6 Arjuna + - - 7 Atibala + - - 8 Avartaki + - - 9 Avartani + - - 10 Ashwatha - + - 11 Badara - + - 12 Bruhati - - + 13 Bilva - + - 14 Bhumyamalaki + - - 15 Bimbi - + - 16 Chakramarda + - - 17 Chandana - + - 18 Chirabilva - + - 19 Dhava - + - 20 Dhanvana - + - 21 Dugdhika + - - 22 Dronapushpi - + - 23 Dhatura - + - 24 Gambhari - + - 25 Gojihwa - - + 26 Gokshura + - - 27 Guduchi + - - 28 Haritaki + - - 29 Ingudi + - - 30 Ishwari - - + 31 Jambu - - + 32 Kanchanar - - + 33 Kapitha + - -


Discussion

34 Karamarda - + - 35 Karanja - + - 36 Karavellaka - + - 37 Kareera - + - 38 Kasamarda + - - 39 Kataka - + - 40 Khadira - + - 41 Krishna sariva - + - 42 Kutaja - - + 43 Lajjalu - + - 44 Lata karanja - + - 45 Mamsa rohini - + - 46 Madhuka - + - 47 Mesha shringi - + - 48 Nadi hingu + - - 49 Nilini - + - 50 Nimba + - - 51 Palasha - + - 52 Parisha - + - 53 Patala garudi + - - 54 Plaksha - + - 55 Prishnaparni - - + 56 Punarnava - + - 57 Rakta gunja - + - 58 Rakta karavira - - + 59 Sariva + - - 60 Satala + - - 61 Shirisha - + - 62 Shakha - + - 63 Sharapunkha + - - 64 Shatavari + - - 65 Shleshmantaka - + - 66 Shweta shigru - - + 67 Tarkari - + - 68 Tinduka + - - 69 Udumbara - + - 70 Vana palandu - - + 71 Vasa - + - 72 Vata - + - During field survey Among 72 medicinal plants 31.94% are richly available, 52.77% are

moderately available and 15.27% are rarely found in this selected parts of kappat gudda.


Conclusion

Conclusion • Acharya charaka opines that there is nothing in this universe which is cannot be

made use of for many purpose and many modes, in support of this here drug

survey is carried out, which helps in knowing various properties of plants from

the hidden treasure of local informers.

• The literary survey and field survey of medicinal plants helps in identification of

authentic source, to minimize the controversies, adulterants, and also to add newer

drugs.

• This also helps in knowing the natural habitat so as to encourage cultivation.

• Knowledge of plants and its usage are very essential to become shreshta vaidya.

• Previously the kappat gudda was teeming with life with its faunae and florae.

Hundreds of rare medicinal plants were its precious possessions. Particularly the

doves were seen here in large numbers and the hills came to be known as Kapota

giri and formed lakes and reservoirs all over the spacious valley.

• Since From last six decades due to thoughtless globalization and industrialization

in mines ore, the richly laiden hills were rendered naked and bare by the selfish

tramplers.

• Most of the medicinal plants are in endangering state. Due to insufficient Rain

lakes and small reservoirs are dried up and underground water level receded to the

depths. The hectic mining activities of manganese and iron -ore raised dust storms

and stained the hilly surroundings with the pigment of micro dust. Hence proper

preservation and cultivation of medicinal plants are necessary in the kappat gudda

with the proper measures to be taken for storage of rain fall water etc.


234

Conclusion

• Among 72 drugs, most of the drugs are Tridoshshamaka in nature.

• There is considerable variation in the identity of the plants selected as raw drugs

in ayurveda. In Nighantus a single plant is referred by several names indicating

certain characteristics of the plant. In some cases the same names are used to

denote some other plants as well. It is found that plants of different natural orders

come under the same drug name. Moreover some easily available plants are

substituted for the genuine one or used as adulterants. There is no consistency in

the use of the vernacular names of a plant. The same plant is known by different

names in different regions and this causes much confusion in the correct

identification of the plants.

• So an attempt was made on the investigation of the selection of the correct plants

relating to the Ayurvedic drugs in the selected parts of kappat gudda in view of

rich floral growth.


235

Conclusion

FUTURE PROSPECTIVE

• To achieve the objectives of study the maximum work is to be done to present this

field survey. Even though there is wide scope to study further.

• The whole area of kappat gudda range study reveals the good sort of results.

• In this study Considering the 5 Nighantus as a standard i.e. Dhanvantari

Nighantu, Madanpal Nighantu,Raj Nighantu, Kaidev Nighantu, Bhavaprakash

Nighantu properties, Synonyms, Actions and uses of total surveyed 72 drugs

have been explained. Considering various nighantus as well as samhitas is taken

up for further study.


236

Summary

SUMMARY

The present study is entitled “survey of medicinal plants in selected parts of

kappat gudda with special reference to Dravyaguna shastra”.

Here is an attempt to explore the treasure of knowledge of Ayurvedic science where the

survey of medicinal plants in selected hilly parts of kappat gudda and its medicinal uses

are considered.

This study includes the following chapters Viz.Introduction, Objectives, Review of

Literature and methodology. The next chapter contains Discussion and conclusion.

1) In the introduction part, Importance of Ayurveda, Importance of herbal medicine,

necessity of field survey, Introduction to kappat gudda hill range ,Altitude of hill,

Type of hill, Importance of kappat gudda ,Climate of the district, Range of

selected parts of kappat gudda ,Geological importance of soil is presented.

2) Aims and objectives of the present study are mentioned in the objectives chapter.

3) Review of Literature

The plants have been arranged in Alphabetical order according to their Sanskrit

names so that their will be no difficulty for reading to find any particular drug on

which information is required.

• Latin name, Family, Kula and Gana

This includes total surveyed 72 medicinal plants Latin names, Family, kula,

Ganas according to charaka, sushruta and vagbhata respectively in the selected

parts of kappat gudda.

• Vernacular names and synonyms according to different Nighantus

This includes total surveyed 72 medicinal plants at the selected parts of kappat

gudda along with Indrayava’s(kutaja seeds)Vernacular names and synonyms

according to different nighantus are mentioned.

• Botanical Description and Habitat

The Botanical Description and Habitat of total surveyed 72 medicinal plants

along with plant photography’s at the selected parts of kappat gudda are

described.

Survey of Medicinal plants in selected parts of Kappat gudda

237

Summary

• Useful Part according to different authors

This includes total surveyed 72 medicinal plants useful parts (Leaf, Flower,

Fruit, Gum, and Root etc) according to different authors at the selected parts of

kappat gudda

• Properties according to different Nighantus

This includes total surveyed 72 medicinal plants at the selected parts of kappat

gudda along with Indrayava’s (kutaja seeds) Rasa, guna, vipaka, virya and

doshaghnata are explained.

• Action and Uses according to different Nighantus

The totally surveyed 72 medicinal at the selected parts of kappat gudda along

with Indrayava’s (kutaja seeds) action and uses are described.

• Methods of Purification

Some of Medicinal plants which are available in Kappat gudda are toxic in

nature they requires proper purification procedures as per classics. They are

explained.

• Contraindications Some of medicinal plants of selected parts of kappat gudda are contraindicated

in certain Conditions. Those are described.

• Vishishta Yoga’s

Some of medicinal plants of selected parts of kappat gudda are having specific

vishishta yogas.Those are explained in this present study.

Methodology

A. plan of the study

B. Surveys and analytical tools

C. Anthropology

D. .Limitations of the study

E .The data’s of the survey will be documented on the basis Systemic

parameters

F. Post survey


238

Summary


• Identification

• Nomenclature

• Classification

• Botanical description

Discussion

This Chapter deals with discussion and observations during the course of this present

study.

• The concept of drug survey has been tried to arrange in a systematic manner by

explaining the methodology of survey as a separate section. This helps to have the

clear knowledge of the required materials to be more contented during the drug

survey.

• In identification of different species the local names helps in distinguishing the

varieties of plants and consideration of different sources. Collections of their

experiences in different uses are helpful for safe administration.

• Majority of the plants grown in this area are having madhura, tikta, katu, kashaya

rasas predominantly, but surprisingly ushna and sheeta virya drugs are equally

distributed in this area.

Conclusion

• The literary survey and field survey of medicinal plants helps in identification of

authentic source, to minimize the controversies, adulterants, and also to add newer

drugs.


239

Bibilography

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