july 3, 2014 lighting design workshop esad - portoip2014.eap.gr/lectures/i_giacomelli.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
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Global visions and local actions on artificial light at night
a case history from Italy at the beginning of its seventh year of activity
Andrea GiacomelliAttivarti.org
Piazza del Popolo 20, loc. Torniella, 58036 Roccastrada, [email protected]
July 3, 2014
Lighting design workshop
ESAD - Porto
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Summary
● Who are we? Where are we based? Our model● Causes and effects of light pollution● Italy facts on artificial light at night● “Let the time warp begin”● Work we did, and are doing● Call to action● Outlook● Conclusions
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Who are we?
● Conceptually a “spin-off”● Environmental engineers (with research and
technology transfer background) ● Geographers● Archaeologists (renown for open innovation
expertise)● Interesting generational mix● Backed by a community
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Were are webased?
Torniella
Florence
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Where are we based?
More metres above sea level than residents...
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The model we use...
Inquinamento Luminoso: accecati dalla luce
...and try to share
Citizens
Public sector
Private sector
NGOs
Note: It is statistically
difficult to find environments
where everybody wears just “one hat”
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Summary
● Who are we? Where are we based? Our model● Causes and effects of light pollution● Italy facts on artificial light at night● “Let the time warp begin”● Work we did, and are doing● Call to action● Outlook● Conclusions
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Five aspects of light pollution
1. DIRECTION
2. INTENSITY
3. DISTRIBUTIONIN SPACE
4. DISTRIBUTIONIN TIME
5. EMISSION SPECTRUM
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Five impacts of light pollution
1. Energy consumption
2. Human Health
3. Fauna and flora
4. Safety (urban areas, roads)
5. Landscape (and astronomical observations)
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Summary
● Who are we? Where are we based? Our model● Causes and effects of light pollution● Italy facts on artificial light at night● “Let the time warp begin”● Work we did, and are doing● Call to action● Outlook● Conclusions
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Five facts on Italy on artificial light at night
● Home of key studies on the global assessment of LP (late nineties)
● Home of state-of-the-art guidelines on light pollution● Top runner in Europe by pro capita kWh
consumption● No national laws about light pollution (two failed
attempts to date)● Regional laws in 18 Regions (out of 20)
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Some data
Public lighting – power per built square metre (w/m2). Da Differential Photometric Study of the European Light Emission to the Space, Alejandro Sànchez De Miguel (ASAAF-UCM. Department of Astrophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. GPC. Spain.), 2007 In Starlight - A Common Heritage, Cipriano Marin Editor. Starlight Initiative and IAC Publishers.
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Suomi NPP Mission
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...just a little closer
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From the ground
Photo: Thomas PoschPhoto: Thomas PoschLoNNe Intercomparison LoNNe Intercomparison Campaign 2013Campaign 2013Lastovo, CroatiaLastovo, Croatia
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“Close encounters of the third kind”
Credits: Francesco GiubbiliniCredits: Francesco Giubbilini
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A cultural issue...
Credits: Francesco GiubbiliniCredits: Francesco Giubbilini
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Light pollution laws in Italy
o0% ULOR
oULOR <= 3%
oULOR > 3%
oNo legislation availableNo legislation available
ULOR = Upward Lighting Output Ratio
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Summing it all up...● Fragmented (and partially enforced) regulatory
framework● Lots of margins for optimisation (some call it “waste”)● “pride and prejudice” let loose● ...but it's all so “che bello”!
Welcome to Italy! (Benvenuti in Italia)
IMPORTANT: we also have several best practice cases...not all is running amok
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Summary
● Who are we? Where are we based? Our model● Causes and effects of light pollution● Italy facts on artificial light at night● “Let the time warp begin”● Work we did, and are doing● Call to action● Outlook● Conclusions
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Where did we say we are based?
Siena
Grosseto
Roma
Milano
Firenze
Torniella
Cinzno, Falchi, Elvidge, 2001Cinzno, Falchi, Elvidge, 2001
Napoli
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The BMP “trigger”Acknowledging a set of issues
- light pollution
- promotion of lesser known areas to foster local development
Having a combination of skill sets
- Environmental monitoring, geographic information systems, stargazing, open innovation tools and policies, media relations, languages, involvement in other EU-related initiatives
Add a little serendipity...
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...here we go!
BMP = BuioMetria Partecipativa
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Summary
● Who are we? Where are we based? Our model● Causes and effects of light pollution● Italy facts on artificial light at night● “Let the time warp begin”● Work we did, and are doing● Call to action● Outlook● Conclusions
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Key BMP tracks
● Education & Awareness raising● Citizen Science● Information and communication
technology● Networking
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Our key projects related to light pollution
BuioMetria Partecipativa
CORDILIT
TOSCANASTELLATA/PAER
Loss Of the Night Network
Globe at Night – localized version
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
. . . .
?
On www.attivarti.org you will also find other “streams” of activity...these are not unrelated
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Outcome to date
● A national award in 2009● Publications and presentations (to date: more presentations!)● National media coverage● Collaborations (= income)● More “spin off” ventures● Engagement of institutional stakeholders (e.g. ECST, PAER)● Invitation to proposal and tenders starting● Actual citizen participation!
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Citizen science
We invite people to take measurements of night sky quality…
…with an accent on participatory methods
…following well-defined procedures…
Let's talk about crowdsourcing (not right
now)
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Measuring night sky quality
Immagini: SQM dal sito http://unihedron.com/projects/darksky/index.php e magnitudini concessione di Chuck Bueter dal sito http://www.nightwise.org/magnitudes.htm
VALOREmag/arcsec2
LUMINOSITA’
<19.5 cielo fortemente luminoso
20 cielo molto luminoso
20.5 cielo luminoso
21 cielo poco luminoso
21.5 cielo mediamente buio
>21.5 cielo estremamente
buio
SQM: measure light coming
from the sky
Measurement units:
mag/arcsec2
Inquinamento Luminoso: accecati dalla luce
NOTE: this is “the easy way”...other technologies exist (see: LoNNe WG1)
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BMP measurements
● Over 1200 measurements made in 850 locations
● 9 “buiometers” deployed
● 104 buiometristi
● Local lending points (Puglia, Liguria, Emilia, Lombardia, Sardegna)
Inquinamento Luminoso: accecati dalla luce
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Fixed stations: CORDILIT
● Continuous monitoring
● Stations in Veneto, Lombardia,
Toscana, Lazio (currently)
Inquinamento Luminoso: accecati dalla luce
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In the media
Social networks and expert forums
CMSvideo
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“Hardware”
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The ICT part of the story
WMS
mappingreporting
Catalogue services
•Free software•Open data
ODbL
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Dissemination/outreach
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“Localized” Globe at Night●Global campaign – great story -US-driven
●Need (for us, as Europeans) to insure a local impact
●Need (for our “clients”) to minimise participation overhead
●Information technology provides easy solutions. Organisational and
“cultural” issues will always stand
●http://www.attivarti.org/gan
Inquinamento Luminoso: accecati dalla luce
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Loss of the Night Network
●EU COST Programme
●Oct. 2012-Oct. 2016
●17 nations involved
●4 Working groups:
Inquinamento Luminoso: accecati dalla luce
● WG1: measuring artificial light at night● WG2: AL and LP database● WG3 evaluation of economic value of the night (including tourism)● WG4: outreach/dissemination/links to industry
● Short-term Scientific Missions● Publications● Events● Priority toward Early-Stage Researchers and gender balance
http://ww.cost-lonne.eu
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Attivarti.org and Loss of the Night Network
●Priority in Work Group 4 (dissemination)
●Strong interest in Work Group 3 (economic
aspects)
●Possibility of contributing to the other groups
Inquinamento Luminoso: accecati dalla luce
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Toscana Stellata (Starry Tuscany)
●Network of subject active on light pollution mitigation
●As per the “Veneto Stellato” model
●First line-up (Spring 2012): Attivarti.org, CAAT, Museo di Storia
Naturale del Mediterraneo di Livono, ALSA, SAIT Livorno
●New line-up taking shape: need a little more “earth people” to
balance “sky people”
Inquinamento Luminoso: accecati dalla luce
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Social NetworkingNot “virtual social networking”● Citizens● Local Administrations● Research bodies● Schools● Tourism-related businesses● Consulting companies● Forestry experts● NGOs● Anthropologists● ...
● Southern Tuscany● Tuscany● Italy● EU● USA● Far East (Hong Kong)
Ah, yes: other LP/AL experts!
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Summary
● Who are we? Where are we based? Our model● Causes and effects of light pollution● Italy facts on artificial light at night● “Let the time warp begin”● Work we did, and are doing● Call to action● Outlook● Conclusions
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Actions 1/3
1.1. Support Attivarti.org1.2. Invite others to support Attivarti.org
1.3 check out www.attivarti.org and www.buiometriapartecipativa.org - where you can't
make it with Italian, write to [email protected]
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Actions 2/3
2. Take part in the measurement campaigns2.1. “localized Globe at Night”
2.2. “standard BuioMetria Partecipativa”2.3 CORDILIT (monitoring stations)
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Actions 3/33.1. change luminaires...gracefully! ...remember 2012
and the “operazione cieli bui”
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Summary
● Who are we? Where are we based? Our model● Causes and effects of light pollution● Italy facts on artificial light at night● “Let the time warp begin”● Work we did, and are doing● Call to action● Outlook● Conclusions
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Where would we not like to be in 2021
Bertiau, Treanor, De Graeve 1971 2025?2025?
Falchi 1998; Falchi 1998; Falchi, Cinzano, Elvidge 2000Falchi, Cinzano, Elvidge 2000
wrongLEDs
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Coming up in 2014 by Attivarti.org
● July 8 – Grosseto “Rete turismo natura”● Summer: let's measure & survey● September: ALAN II + LoNNE ...possibly one
additional event in Milano● October: ASITA Conference● November: Attivarti.org day (focused on LoNNe)● December: New Year's Eve in Torniella?
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Conclusions● Things are moving. The BMP approach was
complex, but is gradually unfolding.● Come visit us in Italy...things will develop from there● ...we can come visit you● Consider the role of LoNNe for your country of
origin/activity, then let us know your thoughts.● Let's keep up the local actions (not forgetting the
global visions)!Andrea Giacomelli
http://[email protected]
+39 347 15 33 857