Inter-personal Relations• General rights of Muslims over each other– Muslims are a brothers, – This brotherhood is maintained through preservation

of moral actions: “Six are the rights of a Muslim over another Muslim.” It was said to him, what are these? Thereupon he said: “When you meet him, offer him salam; when he invites you to a feast accept it. When he seeks your counsel give him, and when he sneezes and says: ‘alhamdulillah’,you say ‘yarhamuka Allah’; and when he falls ill visit him; and when he dies follow his bier.” (Muslim: Book of Salam)

– Prohibition to be angry with another Muslim for more than 3 days: “It is not lawful for a Muslim to remain aloof from his brother for more than three days.” (Bukhari: Book of manners)

• Behavior towards parents and relatives– Family is the basic component

of the society- need to build a strong family with high moral level.

– One who does not respect his parents may hardly be expected to respect Allah:

“Thy Lord hath decreed, that ye worship none save Him, and (that ye show) kindness to parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age with thee, say not "Fie" unto them nor repulse them, but speak unto them a gracious word. (23) And lower unto them the wing of submission through mercy, and say: My Lord! Have mercy on them both as they did care for me when I was little.” (17:23-24)

–The verse emphasizes on:• To speak to them humbly and respectfully• Parents deserve our humble reverence and service• Frequently pray to Allah for their well-being as they unselfishly brought us up

– Special respect to mother: “And We have enjoined upon man concerning his parents - His mother bore him in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years - Give thanks unto Me and unto thy parents. Unto Me is the journeying.” (31:14)

– Keeping good relationship with relatives• Includes reconciling: “The man who

fulfills his duties towards his relatives is not the real protector of blood relationship but it is one who joins it after it is severed.” (Bukhari: Book of Manners)

– Behavior toward co-workers: • Cooperation: “Help ye one another in righteousness and piety, but help ye

not one another in sin and aggression.” (5:2)

• Mutual respect and avoiding interference in others’ personal affairs: “It is a sign of good faith(iman) that one does not interfere in what does not concern him.” (Ibn Majah, Tirmidhi, Ibn Hibban)

– Behavior towards the superiors• Obey them and observe the rules of law as long as they are not

against his commands: “It was narrated that the Prophet (S.A.W.) sent a force(on a mission) and appointed over them a man. He kindled a fire and said: Enter it. Some people made up their minds to enter it, (carrying out the order of their commander), but others said: We fled from the fire (that’s why we have come into the fold of Islam). The matter was reported to the Prophet. He said those who wanted to enter it: If you had entered it, you would have remained there until the Day of Judgment. He commanded the act of the latter group and said: There is no submission in matters involving God’s disobedience or displeasure. Submission is obligatory only in what is good (and reasonable). (Muslim: Kitab al-Imarah)

− Pass knowledge and experience to juniors: “When a person dies he is completely cut off except from three things: (a) running charity (b) knowledge that he had taught and remains put to good use; and (c) virtuous progeny praying Allah for him.”

− Learn from seniors: “Ask those who

are knowledgeable if you don’t know.” (16:43)

• To give them advice- the essence of religion: “Religion is to give honest advice for Allah, His Book, and His Prophet and to Muslim leaders and public.” (Muslim: Book of Iman)

– Behavior towards subordinates• Consultation: “…so pardon them and ask

forgiveness for them and consult with them upon the conduct of affairs…”(3:159)

• To be kind and lenient with them: “O Allah, who (happens to) acquire some kind of control over the affairs of my people and is hard upon them-be hard on upon him, and who (happens to) acquire some kind of control over the affairs of my people and its kind to them- be kind to them.”(Muslim: Kitab al-Imarah)

• To serve them honestly and sincerely: “Any ruler who has been entrusted with the affairs of a group of Muslims and who dies as a dishonest ruler, to him paradise is forbidden.” (Muslim: Kitab al-Imarah)

• To help and be kind to them: “And serve Allah. Ascribe no thing as partner unto Him. (Show) kindness unto parents, and unto near kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and unto the neighbor who is of kin (unto you) and the neighbor who is not of kin, and the fellow-traveler and the wayfarer and (the slaves) whom your right hands possess. Lo! Allah loves not such as are proud and boastful”(4:36)

• Behavior towards neighbors: “Aisha reported the Prophet (S.A.W.) as saying: Jibril kept impressing upon me kind treatment the neighbor until I thought as if would confer upon him the right of inheritance.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

• To avoid causing them harm: Abu Huraira narrated that the Messenger (S.A.W.) observed: “ He will not enter Paradise whose neighbor is not secure from his wrongful conduct.” (Muslim: Book of Iman)