islamic ethics ; al-kindi

7/29/2019 Islamic Ethics ; Al-kindi

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ISLAMIC ETHICS: VIEWSOF MUSLIM SCHOLAR

( AL-KINDI :ABUYUSUFYAQUBIBNISHAQ )FREEDOMANDIMMORTALITY

WEEK6

Presented By:1. RUSIAH BT SIDEK ( 1022500 )2. NURAHASLINA ABDUL GHANI ( 1029040 )3. NUR AIDA MD RAZALI ( 1025926 )4. NOR SAFRENA MAHMOOD ( 1025060 )5. MOHD SYAKIR BIN JAMALUDIN (1026771 )


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Al-Kindi

801-870

A.D

Known asMuslim

philosopher

Mastered thephilosophyof Aristotleand Plato.

His skills alsocovered many

fields includingmedicine ,

mathematics, music, astrology and

optics

Served as

tutor to theson of the

Khalifah al-Mutasim.


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Al-Kindi

801-870A.D

Al-Qifti. One ogf themedieval slamic bio-bibliographers, assertedthat al-Kindi was skilled

in the artsof Greeks, thePersianand the Hindus.

Attempted to

harmonise Greekphilosophy with the

tenet of Islam

Relied on reasonas source of truthand believed thatrevelation also

guided humanityto the same goal

According to him,

Philosophy was theestablishment ofwhat is true and

right.


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EthicalView

1.Emphasised the pursuitof serenity ( peaceful) in

this life through self-desciplene and exercise ofreason, rather than reward

in the afterlife.

2.The true values of aperson lies in the soul ,

not the body

3.Concentrated more onthe development of the

mind and soul , rather thanlife of body.

4. Considered the aim ofphilosophy lies in realtion

to morality.

5.Knowledge is not onlyto discriminate betweengood and evil but also to

preserve the purity of the

soul which is able toattain real hapiness.


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EthicalView

7. Justice is thehappy between the

two etremes ofexceaa and

deficiency

8.Define virtue asa praiseworthy

human disposition

9. By virtue of the

minds devine

nature, man has a

propensity to do the

good.

6. Theory ofmorality is of thenatural inclinationof man to do the

good.


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Ethical

View

10. Evil is notappropriate to mansnature. Evil resultsfrom the triumph of

passion over reason.

11. The good is thechoice between being

ourselves or beingsimilar to animals( a

choice of values.

12.Knowledge is themeans which manprotect aganints

spiritual and bodilydisease.

13. The way toworldly happiness is

to reduce to aminimum all externalpossessions , whichcause only sorrow..

14. The way tootherworldly

happiness is to knowGod and perform

those which we knowbrings us near to

Him.


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EthicalView

15 He define virtueas a praiseworthyhuman disposition

16. Adopted the fourPlatos view of virtue :

(i) Wisdom

(ii) Courage

(iii) Continence

(iv) justice

17 .The first three arevirtues of the soul,

meaning that they areharmonius action within

the soul itself.

18. The fourth is anactivity of the soul

outside the body;justice refer mansharmonious actionwithin the realm of

social relation.


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Ethical

View

19.Justice is thehappy balance

between the twoextremes of excess

and deficiency.. 20.The veryessenseofthe souls

true actions ismoderation whichderived from the

goldenmean.(justice/adl).

21.The mean of thediscriminating faculty:

good or evils.

GeorgeN.Atiyeh,1985

22. The mean of irascible

faculty ;neither to eat lessthan is necessary to keepone alive , not to overeatlead his soul unable to

perform its naoble duties.

George N.Atiyeh ,1985

23.Al-Kindi s maximsare humanistic in

nature or theyunderline the

soundness of mansjust actions.


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EthicalView

24.Honesty is an amourof protection.

25.Sorrow is apshchological pain,

resulting from theloss of what is dear

to ones heart.

26.To avoid sorrow, one shouldlook upwards at the intelligibleworld and should confine ones

desire and objects of love tothose things.

27.The principlecause of sorrows:loss of externals

and failure to attainwhat we highly

cherish + al-kindi ;the fear of death..


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EthicalView

28. Kindis work isadopted from Socrates

e.g;

- Spiritual Values are the

essense of life.

29. Wisdom is considered

of the greatest value andsecure means to realhapiness.

30.Death should be frighten us,for the bitterness of death doesnot result from death itself but

from fear of it.

31.Justice isconsidered as greatest

of all virtues, what isjust good and what is

not is evil.


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THANK YOU

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