ipv6 transition - archive.apan.net€¦ · – ipv6 addressing of ipv4/ipv6 translators, 2010-10...
TRANSCRIPT
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1
IPv6 transition
Xing Li2014-01-22
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2
IPv4 depletion
• APNIC 3rd phase IPv4 allocation policy: one time /22• IPv4 address trading: $12/per transfer
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3
China Internet population
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4
CERNET IPv6 transition experience
Translation IVI
Bi-direction Stateless Translation
IETF Behave WG
Dual-StackNFSCNET
IPv6 onlyCERNET2
• 200 universities• 2M subscribers
TunnelIPv6 over IPv4CERNET-6Bone
TunnelIPv4 over IPv6
IETF softwire WG
IPv4CERNET
• 2000 universities• 20M subscribers
1994 2000 2004 2005 20111998 2007
dIVI-PDDouble stateless
translationIETF Softwire WG
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5
Cost of transition
IPv4
IPv6
Dual stack
Translation cost
The ability of communication with the IPv4 Internet is the killer application of IPv6.
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6
RFCs of stateless translation• RFC6052
– IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators, 2010-10• RFC6144
– Framework for IPv4/IPv6 Translation, 2011-04• RFC6145
– IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm, 2011-04• RFC6219
– The China Education and Research Network (CERNET) IVI Translation Design and Deployment for the IPv4/IPv6 Coexistence and Transition, 2011-05
• RFC6791– Stateless Source Address Mapping for ICMPv6
Packets, 2012-11
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Stateless translation (IVI)
A subset of IPv6 addresses
IPv6IPv4
Real IPv6 hostReal IPv4 host mirrored IPv6 host mirrored IPv4 host
IVI
A subset of IPv6 addresses
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CERNET/CNGI-CERNET2
IPv4 IPv6
Stateless translation
IVI
dIVI
The IPv4Internet
The IPv6Internet
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Drafts of MAP• draft-ietf-softwire-map-t-04
– Mapping of Address and Port using Translation (MAP-T)
• draft-ietf-softwire-map-09– Mapping of Address and Port with Encapsulation
(MAP)• draft-ietf-softwire-map-dhcp-06
– DHCPv6 Options for configuration of SoftwireAddress and Port Mapped Clients
• draft-xli-softwire-map-testing-03– MAP Interoperability Testing Results
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Subscribers Providers Internet
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6
IPv4
Private IPv4
Private IPv4
IPv6
Private IPv4
IPv6
IPv4 i IPv6 Tunnel
IPv6
IPv6
IPv6-only
MAP
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1 000 000s of subscribers
:10s of MAP Rules
and no CGN
10 000s hostroutes per BNG
100s IGP prefixes
10s BGP prefixes
Stateless
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IPv6 Delegated Prefix (e.g., /56)
IPv4 Address Port
Interface IDSubnet-ID64 (fixed)“EA Bits”
56-42 = 14
01010101 111000
/56
2001:0DB8:00 /42Mapping Domain Prefix
Size = 42 bits (provisioned)
0 42
> 0 XXXX12
6
0 6 16
10-6 = 4
130.67.1 /24
IPv4 Prefix
24 bits (provisioned)
0 24
+01010101 111000
IPv4 Suffix
32-24 = 8 14-8 = 6
Port Set ID32
26=64 port setsper IPv4 Address
Ports 0-1023 skipped, each CPE gets 216/26 - 24 = 1008 ports
For this Example…
+
One IPv4 /24 serves 2(6+8) ≈ 16,384 (vs.≈256) subscribers
Stateless IPv4 address sharing
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IPv4
IPv6
Transport
Link
IPv4
Transport
Link
IPv4
Transport
Link
IPv6
Transport
Link
ORIPv4
Native IPv6 InfrastructureCE BR
MAP MAP
MAP-E MAP-T
Double translation vs. encapsulation
RFC2473 RFC6145
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Softwire 46 Container DHCPv6 Options
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MAP testing
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IVI dIVI
MAP-T
MAP
MAP-DHCP
MAP-T
LW4o6
MAP-E
464XLAT
DS-Lite
IVI
dIVI-PD
NAT64RFC2766
RFC6052, RFC6145
RFC6146
RFC6333 (14)
RFC6346
RFC2529RFC1933
RFC3056
RFC6877
RFC5969
RFC5214
RFC4380
IETF standard eveloution
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Comparisons
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2013 EANT
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Android 4.4
19
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OpenStack Summit 2014
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“IPv6-only” campus
IPv6 native IPv6 (prefer)IPv4 translation IPv6 (90% of the cases)IPv4 double translation (IPv4) (ALG issues)IPv4 encapsulation (IPv4) (corner cases)
transition
DIVI
IVI
IPv6-onlysubnet
DS subnet
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Windows 7 (IVI)
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Windows 7 (IVI with plugin)
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iOS (IVI)
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25
Windows 7 (DIVI)
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iOS (DIVI)
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Comparisons (DHCP)
IVIDHCP
DIVIDHCPv6
Total traffic
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New requirements
• Internet population– From 20% to 80%
• Mobile Internet – iPhone, iPad, PC, etc
• Cloud computing – Servers
• Internet of things– Everything connected
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BRIPv4/IPv6Core
network
CE
CE
IPv6 access network
IPv6‐only server
IPv4
IPv6
DS
IPv4
IPv6
DS
AAADHCPv6
Broadband users
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IPv6-only cloud
xlatIPv4 Internet
IPv4VM
IP4v4VM
xlat xlat
IPv6 Internet
IPv6VM
IPv6VM
IPv6 IDC
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Connecting private networks
xlat xlat xlat
IPv6
Net 110.0.0.0/8
Net 210.0.0.0/8
Net 310.0.0.0/8
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IPv6
Internet of everything
IPv6
IPv4xlat
IPv4 users
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Lessons learned
• For existing IPv4 users– Dual stack where you
CAN– Tunneling where you
SHOULD– Translation where you
MUST
• For new Internet users and things– Translation where you
CAN– Tunneling where you
SHOULD– Dual stack where you
MUST