Introduction to MatterIntroduction to Matter

SciencesSciences Used to be divided into Used to be divided into

strict categories:strict categories: physical (nonliving)physical (nonliving) biological (living)biological (living)

Chemistry has parts that Chemistry has parts that fall under both fall under both categories.categories.

Many sciences are so Many sciences are so interrelated that you interrelated that you can’t categorize them in can’t categorize them in those ways anymore.those ways anymore.

ChemistryChemistry The study of matter and the The study of matter and the

changes it undergoes.changes it undergoes.

Chemists use instruments to Chemists use instruments to improve their ability to observe improve their ability to observe and make measurements.and make measurements.

ChemistryChemistry

Chemists work with Chemists work with chemicalschemicals (any (any substance with definite composition).substance with definite composition).

All matter has chemical basis whether it is All matter has chemical basis whether it is living or nonliving.living or nonliving.

What is Matter?What is Matter? Matter is anything that has Matter is anything that has

mass and takes up space.mass and takes up space.““Everything is made of Everything is made of matter.”matter.”

Physical Properties of MatterPhysical Properties of Matter

Physical properties can be Physical properties can be observed or measured observed or measured WITHOUT WITHOUT changing the matter.changing the matter.

VolumeVolumeMassMassWeightWeight InertiaInertiaDensityDensity

Matter and VolumeMatter and Volume Volume is the amount of space that is Volume is the amount of space that is

taken up by a form of matter.taken up by a form of matter.Liquid is measured using a graduated Liquid is measured using a graduated cylinder- Units are in milliliters.cylinder- Units are in milliliters.

Regular Solids are measured by using Regular Solids are measured by using the formula: length x width x heightthe formula: length x width x height

Irregular Solids are measured by using Irregular Solids are measured by using the Water Displacement method.the Water Displacement method.

Matter and MassMatter and Mass

Mass is the amount of matter in an Mass is the amount of matter in an object.object.

The mass of an object WILL NOT The mass of an object WILL NOT change throughout the universe.change throughout the universe.

Usually measured in grams (g), Usually measured in grams (g), kilograms (kg), or milligrams (mg) kilograms (kg), or milligrams (mg) with a Balance Scale.with a Balance Scale.

Difference Between Weight and MassDifference Between Weight and Mass

Weight is the amount of gravitational Weight is the amount of gravitational force exerted on an object.force exerted on an object.

Usually measured in Newtons (N) Usually measured in Newtons (N) using a spring scale. 1 N= 100gusing a spring scale. 1 N= 100g

Matter and InertiaMatter and Inertia

Inertia is the tendency of an object to Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist change in motion.resist change in motion.

Mass is a measure of inertia. Mass is a measure of inertia. The larger the mass, the harder it is to The larger the mass, the harder it is to

move.move.

Matter and DensityMatter and Density

Density is the amount of matter in a Density is the amount of matter in a given space in a certain volume of given space in a certain volume of liquid.liquid.

A physical propertyA physical propertyDensity = Mass / VolumeDensity = Mass / Volume

What does density mean?What does density mean?

How tightly packed the particles are.How tightly packed the particles are.

How much matter (that’s the mass) How much matter (that’s the mass) divided by how much space the divided by how much space the matter takes up (that’s the volume)matter takes up (that’s the volume)

Density = __Density = __How much matter_(mass)_How much matter_(mass)_

How much space taken up How much space taken up (volume)(volume)