introduction to endodontics2009(new)
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to Endodontics
Dr. Feras Aalam
![Page 2: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
• What is Endodontics??• Indications • Contraindications• Steps• Instuments
![Page 3: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Endodontic
• known as "root canal treatment”• "Endo" is the Greek word
="inside”• "odont" is Greek ="tooth"• Endodontic treatment =treats the
inside of the tooth
![Page 4: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The pulp
• Inside the tooth, under enamel an dentin, is a soft tissue called the pulp
• Extends from the crown of the tooth to the tip of the roots where it connects to the tissues surrounding the root
• Contains blood vessels,nervesconnective tissue
![Page 5: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The pulp
• Ccreates the surrounding hard tissues of the tooth during development
• The pulp is important during a tooth’s growth and development
• Once a tooth is fully mature it can survive without the pulp, because the tooth continues to be nourished by the tissues surrounding it
![Page 6: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is endodontics??
Endodontics is that branch of dentistry
concerned with the 1.Diagnosis2.Treatment3.Prognosis and 4.prevention of
diseases and injuries of the pulp and
periapical tissues
![Page 7: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Objectives of Endodontic Treatment
• Relief of pain = symptom free• To render the affected tooth biologically
acceptable and functioning without a diagnosable pathosis
• Removal of pulp from root(s) of tooth• Disinfections of root and surrounding bone• Root canal treatment is an attempt to retain
a tooth which may otherwise require extraction.
![Page 8: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Indications for Endodontic Therapy
• a-Teeth with pulpal and /or priapical pathosis.
• b-Teeth with no pulpal or periapical pathosis may need endodontic treatment due to:
1-The need for post and core construction to rebuild the missing coronal portion of the tooth
2-Traumatic pulp exposure due to dental
work or accidental fracture.
![Page 9: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Indications
• 3-Incomplete calcification of the pulp chamber and root canals
• 4-Internal resorption.• 5-Over erupted and mesially drifted
teeth when crown reduction may cause pulp exposure.
• 6-Teeth retained in the mouth to support overlay denture
• 7-Esthetic requirement.
![Page 10: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
1-Teeth with insufficient periodontal support. 2-Teeth with vertical root fracture.3-Teeth with external root resorption.
Contraindications for Endodontic Therapy
![Page 11: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
4-Non restorable teeth which can not properly
function after endodontic treatment.
5-Non strategic teeth which can not serve in
occlusion or as abutments after endodontic
treatment.
![Page 12: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
6-Teeth with root canals not suitable for
instrumentation and /or periapical surgery such as calcified or severely curved canals.
7-Patients with systemic conditions contraindicates surgical
endodontics.
![Page 13: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Phases of Endodontics treatment
• Diagnostic phase
• Preparatory phase (cleaning & shaping)
• Obturation phase
![Page 14: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Diagnostic phase
During this phase the condition of the toothis determined and the plan of treatment isdeveloped.
![Page 15: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Diagnostic phase
• Determine the condition of the tooth and the plan of treatment
• Clinical examinations– Percussion, pain– Deep caries
• Radiographic examinations- Periapical radiographs
• Vitality test
![Page 17: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Clinical examinations
![Page 18: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Radiographic examinations
Periapical radiographs
![Page 19: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Vitality test
• Pulp test• Vitality pulp tests:
– Electric Pulp tester (EPT)– Thermal Tests:
• CO2 Ice• Cold water/Ice• Hot water• Cavity Test
• Compare the reading with the opposing or adjacent tooth
![Page 20: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Preparatory phase(Cleaning & Shaping)
• During this phase the condition of the tooth is determined and the plan of treatment is developed.
• Instuments needed:– Handpeice low, high speed– Endo-files– Saline– Irrigation syringe– Paper points– Calcium hydroxide– Cotton pellets– Temporaty filling– Rubber dam
![Page 21: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Rubber dam
![Page 22: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Rubber dam
Rubbere dam over the area to isolate the tooth, keep it clean and free of saliva during the dental procedure
![Page 23: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
HAND PEICE
LOW SPEED HAND PEICE
HIGH SPEED HAND PEICE
![Page 24: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Burs
![Page 25: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Endo-files
![Page 26: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Preparatory phase
Pulp chamber
Root canal
![Page 28: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Preparatory phase
• Determine the working length
• Radiographs • Add radiograph
with the working lenght
![Page 29: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
RCT of tooth #44
![Page 30: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
RCT of tooth #35
![Page 31: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Irrigation
![Page 32: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Paper points
Dry the canals
![Page 33: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Temporary filling
![Page 34: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Obturation phase
During this phase the root canals are filled with an inert material to achieve a hermetic seal as close as possible to the anatomic apex.Instuments needed1.Gutta percha2.Paper points3.Spreader 4.Root canal sealer
![Page 35: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Gutta percha
![Page 36: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Spreader
![Page 37: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Root canal sealer
![Page 38: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Gutta perchaPaper points
![Page 39: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Obturation phase
![Page 40: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
RCT of tooth #44
![Page 41: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
RCT of tooth #35
![Page 42: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Gutta percha
![Page 43: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Summary
![Page 44: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Post and core
![Page 45: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Cats post & core for tooth #35
![Page 46: Introduction to endodontics2009(new)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081419/554b5af7b4c905e9388b500d/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)