introduction of computer-prince dudhatra-9724949948

8/7/2019 Introduction of Computer-prince Dudhatra-9724949948

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prince dudhatra-9724949948


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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

NEED FOR COMPUTER LITERACY

COMPUTER : THE DEFINITION

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS

EARLY ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS

COMPUTER GENERATION

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTERS

DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERS

USES OF COMPUTERS

ELEMENTS OF COMPUTERSprince dudhatra-9724949948


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INTRODUCTION

Computers affect daily life

Positive and Negative

Characteristics

History

Various types of computersTask associated with them



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NEED FOR COMPUTER

LITERACYNeed of today and voice

of tomorrowLack of knowledge

Avoid of cyber fearSurvival



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DEFINITION

The computer is an

electronic device forperforming arithmetic

and logical operationsFor most people ,the computer is a machine used

for calculations or computationprince dudhatra-9724949948


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Electronic data processing doesnt go back more than just half a century.

1450 B.C Abacus (China)

1600 Napier Bones

1642 A.D Adding Machines (Blaise Pascal)

1692 A.D Multiplying Machine (GottfriedLeibnitz)



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1804 A.D Jacquard Loom (Joseph MarieJacquard)

1822 A.D Difference Engine (Charles

Babbage) 1862 A.D Arithrometer (Charles Xavier

Thomas)

1863 A.D Analytic Engine (Charles

Babbage) 1896 A.D Punch Card Machine (Dr.

Hermann Hollerith)



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EARLY

ELECTRONIC

COMPUTERS



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Early Electronic Computers

1930 Alan Turing

1939 Atanasoffs Berry

Computer(ABC)1940 Mark I

1944 Mark II

1947 EDSAC

1951 UNIVAC I (USA)prince dudhatra-9724949948


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1st-Generation

Comparatively large in size

Generated lot of heat

Low capacity internal storage

Individual non-relatedmodels

Processors operated in themilliseconds

Not consistent and reliableprince dudhatra-9724949948


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2nd -Generation

Small in size compare to1st

generation

Generated less amount of heatGreater degree of reliability

Related series of processors

Processoroperated in themicrosecond speed range



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3rd -Generation

Smaller in size compared to 2nd generation

Higher capacity internal storage

Remote communication facilities

Multiprogramming facilities

Reduce cost of direct access storage

Processors operate in the nanosecond speed

range Use high level languages such as COBOL



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4th - Generation

1970s marked the beginning of anew generations computers

The development ofmicroprocessor chip

The development of Memory ChipMicrocomputer generations are

quite advanced



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5th - Generation

The concept ofartificialintelligence

Able to execute billions ofinstructions per second

Unimaginable storage capacity

New computer languages andrelated software will be needed



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CLASSIFICATION OF

COMPUTERSSupercomputer

Mainframe computer

Minicomputer

Microcomputer



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SUPER COMPUTER

Most powerful and largest computer

Important role in the Nuclear field.

US Defense department was built first supercomputer in 1960

Price of super computer is $2 million to $20million

It consume electricity enough to light about100 homes.



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MAINFRAME COMPUTER

Mostly use large in Organization.

IBM captured the mainframe

market.They are limited to 8 or less

processors.

It cost above $35000.



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MINI COMPUTER

Advent ofminicomputer started in 1960

It can handle great amount of data

Less storage capacity.

Use in mediumorganization or small scalebusiness.

Cost ranges from $18000 to $50000

Majormanufactures are IBM ,DEC ,hp.



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MICRO COMPUTER

Its also called personal computer.

Great impact on computer industry.

Fastest growing sectorof computer industry

IBM commands 28% ofmarket and Appleholds 8% ofmarket share.

They are multitasking.



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OTHER TYPES OF

COMPUTERS Laptop

Notebook computer

Personal digital assistants (PDA)

Embedded computer



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CHARACTERISTICS OF

COMPUTER SPEED

STORAGE

ACCURACY

AUTOMATION

DILIGENCE

COMMUNICATION

RELIABILITY



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DISADVANTAGESOF COMPUTERS



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HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL

FAILURE PRONE

DISCARDEDCOMPUTERS

PERSONAL PRIVACY

WORKING LONGE

RUNEMPLOYMENT

DISADVANTAGES OF

COMPUTERS



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USES OFCOMPUTERS



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USE OF COMPUTERS

BUSINESS

MEDICINES AND HEALTH CARE

EDUCATION

SCIENCE

ENGINEERING

MANUFACTURING

LEGAL PRACTICES



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USES OF COMPUTERS

GOVERNMENT

LAWENFORCEMENT

DEFENCE

MUSIC

THEATRE,FILM,TELEVISION

AT HOME

INTERNETprince dudhatra-9724949948


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ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER

HARDWARE

SOFTWARE

DATA

PEOPL

E

PROCEDURES



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1.HARDWARE: It refers to physical part of the computer and electronic devices that

control everything in the computer. The fourmajor categories of hardware:a) Processor:

b) It acts like brain of the computer. CPU (central processing unit) isprocessorof computer. b) Memory : RAM (random access memory) ROM (read only memory) c) Input output devices: Input devices: Keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner etc. Output devices: screen or VDU, printer, speaker etc. d) Storage devices: HDD (hard disk drive), FDD (floppy disk drive), CD-ROM (compact disk read only memory) etc.



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2.SOFTWARE

Instructions or programs required to run thecomputer. A specific set of instructions that drive

computer to perform specific task is called a program. two type of software:

a) System software: (operating system)

MSDOS ,Win95, Win98, Linux etc.

b) Application software: Word processing, desktop publishing,

spreadsheet, DBMS etc.



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3.PEOPLE

It involved in the computing process whichis classified into users, power users, and

computer professionals.

4.PROCEDURE:

The steps that a user follows tomake thecomputer work. Eg: ATM card ,a phone alarmetc.



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GROUP PARTICIPATOR

Arpan Raoul

Bhansari Hardik

Agawarat Pawan

Anshul Krishna Kumar

Anand



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CONCLUSION

WEDELIVEREDOUR 50%ANDWHAT YOU GOT IT IS

50%,THATS TOTALCOORDINATION IS

100%prince dudhatra-9724949948


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THANK YOUprince dudhatra-9724949948

introduction of computer-prince dudhatra-9724949948

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