international journal of construction engineering and planning vol 2 issue 1

Mechanical Engineering

Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India

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¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy andApplications

¬ International Journal of Production Engineering¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation

« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Signals

« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning

« International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning

« International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

Applied Mechanics

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Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

Engineering

Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics

« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements

5 more...4 more...

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Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and

Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

Applications3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

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International Journal ofConstruction Engineering

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Jan – June 2016 IJCEP

e-ISSN: 2456-2335

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Focus and Scope of the Journal! Construction estimating software! Construction management! Cost engineering! Earthquake engineering! International building code! Structural engineering! Work breakdown structure! Construction material handling! Production planning, specifications! Quality control! Critical path method (CPM)! Resource management! Resource leveling! Risk assessment! Work breakdown structure

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Hidam Renubala

Ankita Singh

Akanksha Marwah

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Commissioning Editors

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Chhavi Goel

Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

Dr. Pradeep Kumar AgarwalDepartment of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal (MP),

India

A. F. M. Saiful AminDepartment of Civil Engineering,

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Dr. Saad Issa SarsamDepartment of Transportation and Engineering,

University of Baghdad, Iraq

Dr. Rahul V Ralegaonkar Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya

National Institute of Technology, Nagpur (Maharashtra), India

Dr. Raji Z. Al- Ani School of Applied Sciences, Skills and

Technology - Loyalist College, Belleville, Ontario, Canada

Dr. R. Srinivasa Kumar Department of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University,

Hyderabad, India

Dr. Govardhan Bhatt National Institute of Technology Raipur,

India

Dr. M. V. Molykutty, Professor, Dept. of Civil Engg, B.S. Abdur

Rahman University, Chennai, India

Dr. V. R. Sastry, Professor of Mining Engineering, HOD Training & Placement, Director Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Ltd., Director- KIOCL Limited

National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal, Mangalore, India

Amarsinh Babanrao LandageAssistant Professor

Govt. College of Engineering, Karad Tal. Karad, Dist. Satara, Mahrashtra,

India

Dr. Rajan L. WankhadeAssistant Professor,

Government College of Engineering, Karad, Maharashtra, India

Prof. Ali M. GharavimajdiProfessor,

Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

From the Editor's Desk

Dear Readers,

We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly

journal, International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning. This journal is

part of the Engineering Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Construction

Engineering issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the

validation of emerging technologies.

This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Construction Engineering

as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and

technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Civil Engineers community, addressing

researchers and practitioners in this area.

The core vision of International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning in Journals Pub is to

propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and

professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Construction Engineering in

general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at

excellently, well-time & successfully.

International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning focuses on original high-quality research

in the realm of Construction estimating software, Construction management, Cost engineering, Earthquake

engineering, International building code, Structural engineering etc.

The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Construction

Engineering and Planning and solutions in the area.

Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Civil Engineers

community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an

innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new

developments in the field of Construction Engineering and Planning.

This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we

would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the

editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project.

It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Civil Engineering readers and

will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Construction Engineering and Planning.

Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director

1. Sustainable Contractual Disputes in Managing Construction Project Raji Z. Al-Ani, Heba Al-Qaisi, Faisal Arain 1

2. Evaluation of Manpower Training and Development in Nigeria Construction Industry B. Aruleba Olalekan,. Adeyemo Dele, J. Lawalson Temitope 13

3. Analysis of Various Thicknesses of Shear Wall With Opening and Without Opening and Their Percentage ReinforcementS.H. Jagadale, N.L. Shelke 27

4. Management of Technology–Theory and PracticeAnil Kr. Chojar, Aditya Chojar 34

5. Analysis of Flat Slab by MATLAB CodingS.P. Nirkhe, D.N. Kakade 47

Contents

IJCEP (2016) 1–12 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1

International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning ISSN: 2456-2335(online)

Vol. 2: Issue 1

www.journalspub.com

Sustainable Contractual Disputes in Managing Construction

Project

Raji Z. Al-Ani1*, Heba Al-Qaisi

2, Faisal Arain

3

1Department of Construction Engineering and Management, School of Civil Eng.,

Loyalist College, Belleville, Canada 2Isra University, Pakistan

3SSBEM, NAIT, Edmonton, Canada

Abstract

Understanding of the differences of construction dispute resolution processes and their

ticklish methods will be undoubtedly priceless and precious to project managers in dealings

with construction disputes, as they become an inescapable part of construction projects. The

study is conducted to identify the main causes and impacts on project performance baselines

(scope, cost and schedule). Outcomes of this study showed that the causes of contractual

disputes are mainly related to: designers, site conditions, late deliveries, financial situations

and increase in quantity. The research concluded that special attention must be given to the

causes that outlined in this study will assist project managers in minimizing the risk of having

contractual disputes and their impacts on projects baselines.

Keywords: contractual disputes, construction management, procurement management,

project management, sustainable management

INTRODUCTION

Disputes are becoming increasing common

in client-contractor work in today's

construction projects. Construction dispute

resolution processes and their ticklish

methods are priceless and precious to

project managers in dealings with

construction disputes. Dispute resolution

may include a various activities ranging

from the selection of a resolution process

to participation in actual resolving process

and negotiation and from negotiation to

formal proceedings like litigation.[1]

A construction project is a compound

processes involving several activities,

skills and efficiency and always subject to

changing environment. Therefore, dispute

effects could make a project impossible to

sustain from cost and time overruns, and it

makes a project owner bears a serious loss

and profit and consequently the project

may fail. Contractual disputes are

expensive, time-consuming and annoying.

They can add basically to the cost of a

contract, as well as nullifying some or all

of its advantage or interests. They can also

influence the accomplishment of value for

money.[2]

Good dispute management comprises a

selection of the most suitable resolution

process available. A clear resolution of

construction contractual dispute is a

compound principles and sizes, where

much human expertise employed in

monitoring and settling it.

The research work has been divided into

two parts, the first one reviewing previous

literatures and researched, as a knowledge

base and evaluation baseline for this



Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Evaluation of Manpower Training and Development in Nigeria

Construction Industry

B. Aruleba Olalekan*, I. Adeyemo Dele, J. Lawalson Temitope

Department of Building Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo-Ondo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Lack of technical and managerial skill is often identified as one of the major problem facing

construction industry in developing countries resulting in poor competitiveness with their

developed and industrialized counterparts. Research had shown that building failure is not

only caused as result of inefficient design, lack of standard materials, but also due to lack of

skilled labour in the construction project. This research evaluate manpower training and

development in the construction industry in Ondo State Nigeria with a view to identifying and

assess the training method for each categories of employee in the industry, challenges to

training and development of workers in the construction industry and impact of manpower

training and development on employees and employers. Data for the study were obtained

through well-structured questionnaire administered to building professionals in the

construction firm in Ondo State Nigeria. The data were presented and analysed using

descriptive statistics and inferential and mean score index. Some of the findings of the study

revealed that in house training and in service training method is preferred by construction

industry. Attitude of top management and lack of fund was seen as the major challenges

militating against training of employees. The study recommends that manpower training and

development must be sustained by all stakeholders in the industry in order to improve

workers productivity; organization should adopt right method in training each category of

employee and carry out the need assessment for training to avoid training a wrong employee.

Keywords: construction industry, employee, employer, training and development

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Training and development has been

concerned not only with helping

individuals adequately fill their positions,

but has also helped organizations as

regards to working methods, working

conditions, quality of output and

improvement. Training and development,

though primarily concerned with people, is

also concerned with technology, materials

and time.

Falana (2002)[1]

posits that the

effectiveness and success of an

organization lies on the people who form

and work within the organization. The

observation of Onuka (2006)[2]

implies that

it is the developed human capital of a

nation that constitutes its wealth. It

follows, therefore, that employees’

performance in respect of achieving

organizational goals and successes is a

function of the quantum of the relevant

skills and knowledge, and positive work

attitude they have been able to acquire

from constant manpower development

programmes whether through

committee/on the job training or in-house

training programmes of out of work

training courses they attended.


International journal of Construction Engineering and Planning ISSN: 2456-2335(online)

Vol. 2: Issue 1

www.journalspub.com

Analysis of Various Thicknesses of Shear Wall with Opening and

Without Opening and Their Percentage Reinforcement

S.H. Jagadale*, N.L. Shelke 1Civil Engineering Department, Dr. D.Y. Patil School of Engineering and Technology, Charholi(Bk) Pune, India

Abstract

Due to increase in population spacing in India is needed, especially in urban areas. Structural

engineers in the seismic regions across the world often face the pressure to design high rise

buildings with stiffness irregularities, even though they know these buildings are vulnerable

under seismic loading. Today’s tall buildings are becoming more and more slender, leading to

the possibility of more sway in comparison with earlier high rise buildings. Improving the

structural systems of tall buildings can control their dynamic response. With more appropriate

structural forms such as shear walls and improved material properties. Lateral forces of wind

and earthquake are usually resisted by shear walls which are parallel to the direction of lateral

load. These shear walls, by their shearing resistance and resistance to overturning, transfer

the lateral loads to the foundation. In the seismic design of buildings, reinforced concrete

structural walls, or shear walls, act as major earthquake resisting members. The properties of

these seismic shear walls dominate the response of the buildings, and therefore, it is important

to evaluate the seismic response of the walls appropriately. A shear wall may contain many

openings due to the functional requirements such as doors and windows, which may largely

affect the overall seismic response of the structure. An earthquake load is applied to a building

of ten stories located in zone V. In this present study, main focus is to determine effectiveness of

shear wall with various thicknesses, and also vertical opening, staggered opening and without

opening has been studied with the help of different models and also analysis and observe the

behavior of shear wall with and without openings in shear wall under seismic loads.

Keywords: base, response spectrum method, shear, shear wall, time period

INTRODUCTION

General Information

In modern high rise buildings, shear walls

are generally used as a vertical structural

element for resisting the lateral loads that is

induced by the effect of wind and

earthquakes, they will have the strength and

stiffness to resist the horizontal forces.

Lateral forces caused by wind, earthquake,

and uneven settlement loads, in addition to

the weight of structure and occupants;

create powerful twisting (torsion) forces.

These forces can literally tear (shear) a

building apart. Reinforcing a frame by

attaching or placing a rigid wall inside it

maintains the shape of the frame and

prevents rotation at the joints.[1,2]

Shear walls not only help to prevent

catastrophic collapse, but they also help to

prevent small-scale damage like cracked

drywall and fractured tile. Shear walls play



Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Management of Technology–Theory and Practice

Anil Kr. Chojar*, Aditya Chojar

drakc Consulting and Management Solutions, New Delhi, India

Abstract

Successful companies often link engineering, science, and management disciplines to develop

and enhance their technological capabilities to achieve their strategic objectives besides

giving competitive advantage to themselves on the basis of proprietary knowledge and know-

how. As a result, they are making judicious use of technologies in launching their products in

the market. This study is based on the theory of technological change process, which was

developed by the ideas of Josef Schumpeter (1942), who saw innovation as a precursor to the

present-age capitalist system. Schumpeter, listed three stages through which a new, and

superior technology driven product is introduced in the marketplace. These three stages of

new technology are invention, innovation, and diffusion, whose cumulative economic impact

is collectively referred to as a technological change. The importance of an invention

increases the probability of a new firm formation by commercializing the invention and

exploiting the financial benefits to derive higher economic value for the entrepreneur.

Technological change in small measure happens by undertaking incremental improvement of

existing technology as opposed to introducing radical improvement, which is a new approach

to a technical practice. While an incremental improvement supports the position of

established firms, a radical improvement may undermine the position and activities of

established firms. Therefore, established firms often choose not to pursue radical

opportunities, leaving them to independent entrepreneurs, which give the latter a greater

push to create new firms. Technological opportunities via new inventions which also offer

more intellectual property protection are more likely to be commercialized by a new firm

creation. The role of funding for starting new business ventures or small firms is also

discussed. Further, the use of S-Curve is analysed to highlight the technology performance,

product comparisons, and to illustrate the introduction and maturation of innovations as well

as the technological cycles, including adoption of new technologies.

Keywords: adoption, invention, innovation, new technology, productivity, performance,

R&D, S-curve, technological change, venture capital.

INTRODUCTION

Management of Technology explained

Management of Technology (MOT) can be

defined as linking engineering, science,

and management disciplines to plan,

develop, and implement technological

capabilities to shape and accomplish the

strategic and operational objectives of an

organization (U.S. National Research

Council, 1987). [1]

Technology

management methods are most effective

when they support the overall strategic

objectives of an organization, and are

aligned with the corporate strategy of a

firm.

Technology management can also be

explained as the set of policies and



Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Analysis of Flat Slab by MATLAB Coding

S.P. Nirkhe*, D.N. Kakade Department of Civil Engineering, Peoples Education Society’s College of Engineering, Aurangabad,

Maharashtra, India

Abstract

A reinforced concrete slab supported by columns with, or without drop is called as flat slab.

The columns for flat slab provided with, or without column heads. Flat slab is a universal

structural component widely used in construction now-a-days. Flat slab requires minimum

depth as compared to other slab, hence saving in material cost, speedy construction and it

allows flexible column grids. MATLAB programming helps in high-performance numerical

computation and perceptions. It provides an interactive environment with hundreds of built-

in functions for technical computation, graphics, and animation. Best of all, it also provides

easy extensibility with its own high-level programming language. The aim of this study is to

analyze the flat slab in India followed by a review of design methods for flat slab structures

design with MATLAB Programming for the easy application for the design of flat slab and

creating MATLAB coding for the flat slab.

Keywords: ACI-318, flat slab, IS 456-2000, MATLAB

INTRODUCTION Reinforced concrete (RC) flat slab floors

lead to architecturally pleasing buildings

and bridges as well as simplifying and

accelerating site operations. They allow

easy and flexible partitioning of space and

reduce the overall height of tall buildings.

A part of the slab bounded on each of its

four sides by the center line of column is

called panel. The flat slab is often

thickened close to supporting columns to

provide adequate strength in shear and to

reduce the amount of negative

reinforcement in the support regions. The

local thickening of slab in the region of

column is called drop or drop panel.

Column head is a local enlargement of the

column at the junction with the slab, to

increase the capacity of the slab for

resisting two-way shear action and to

reduce negative bending moments at the

support. C. A. P. Turner [1]

investigated the

flat slabs in U. S. A. in 1906 mainly using

spontaneous and fundamental ideas, which

was the start of this type of construction.

They have tested the maximum slabs for

its load carrying capacity in USA during

1910–20. Nicholas [2]

has proposed a

simple static method of analysis regarding

flat slabs. This method is used commonly

for the design of flat slabs or flat plates

and is well known as the direct design

method. Practicing structural engineers

commonly use the equivalent frame

method with equivalent beams as

investigated by Deshpande. [3]

Objectives and Scope

In present work, a flat slab system is a

significant advancement in the building

technology. It has been observed that to

investigate the fragility of flat slab

reinforced concrete systems. The main

objective of the paper is to study method

Mechanical Engineering

Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India

E-mail: [email protected]

¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy andApplications

¬ International Journal of Production Engineering¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation

« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Signals

« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning

« International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning

« International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning Development

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

Applied Mechanics

5 more...

1 more...

2 more...2 more...

5 more...

Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

Engineering

Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics

« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements

5 more...4 more...

3 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and

Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

Applications3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

5 more... 4 more...

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it

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016

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International Journal ofConstruction Engineering

and Planning

Jan – June 2016 IJCEP

e-ISSN: 2456-2335