interactive questions 01

7/31/2019 Interactive Questions 01

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INTERACTIVE

MULTIPLE CHOICEQUESTIONS

The answers are provided, but so also are

explanations of why the alternatives are

unsatisfactory

D.G. Mackean

Test 1


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These multiple choice questions are similar to the ones set bythe GCSE and IGCSE Examination Boards except that, in

some cases, there may be more than one acceptable

answer.

For this reason, even if you select a correct answer at yourfirst attempt, it is worth looking at all the alternatives

(a) to see if there is a better answer and

(b) to see why some of the alternatives are unacceptable.

Question 1


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(a) A food source, oxygen, enzymes, a blood supply

The process of aerobic respiration requires

Question 1

(b) A food source, carbon dioxide, enzymes

(c) Oxygen, enzymes, sunlight

(d) A food source, oxygen, enzymes

Question 2


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Respiration occurs in all living cells includingplants, bacteria and single celled organisms, none of

which have a blood supply.

No


5/103

Carbon dioxide is a product of respiration

No


6/103

Sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis but not forrespiration

No


7/103

Correct answer

Components of the food source are combined

with oxygen, and energy is released*.

Enzymes are catalysts which speed up these

reactions

* Most of the energy is used to drive other living

processes though some it is released as heat


8/103

Question 2

This organism is classified as an insect because it has

(a) a segmented body

(b) three pairs of walking legs

(c) wings

(d) jointed legs

Question 3


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Insects do have segmented bodies but so do

annelid worms such as the earthworm

No


10/103

This is the single characteristic of those listed

that determines that the creature is an insect.

However, you should bear in mind that if asked

for a definition of an insect, all thecharacteristics listed should be included

Yes


11/103

Most insects do have wings but some are wingless

e.g. fleas

No


12/103

Insects do have jointed legs but so do crustacea such

as crabs and lobsters

Jointed legs are a feature of the Arthropods, which

include insects.

No


13/103

Question 3

In a plant cell, which structure is responsible for

controlling the entry or exit of substances?

(a) The cell wall.

(b) The cell membrane

(c) The nucleus

(d) The cytoplasm

Question 4


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The cell wall is generally regarded as being freelypermeable to water and dissolved substances. Its

structure does prevent the passage of large

molecules such as some proteins but this is not the

same as exercising control

No


15/103

This is the correct answer


16/103

The nucleus does control most of the

activities in the cell but does not exert

direct control over the entry and exit of

substances.

No


17/103

The cytoplasm is responsible for constructing the

cell membrane but does not exert direct control

over the entry and exit of substances.

No


18/103

Question 4

What will be the products of digestion of fish ?

(a) Glucose and amino acids

(b) Glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and

glycerol, minerals and vitamins,

(c) Glucose, glycerol and fatty acids

(d) Glucose, amino acids, glycerol and fatty

acids

Question 5


19/103

Fish contain fats as well as protein and

carbohydrate

No


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This is largely correct but vitamins and minerals are

not digestion products. They are absorbed unchanged.

If vitamins were broken down by digestion they

would lose their properties

No


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Fish contain proteins as well as carbohydrates

and fats

No


22/103

Yes

The proteins are digested to amino acids.

The carbohydrates are digested to glucose

The fats are digested to glycerol and fatty acids


23/103

Question 5

A male, homozygous dominant black mouse is mated with ahomozygous recessive female brown mouse. The black

genotype is BB, the brown genotype is bb. Would you expect

the offspring to be

(a) all brown

(b) all black

(c) 50% black and 50% brown

(d) all intermediate in colour?

Question 6


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Yes.

All the male gametes will carry the dominant allele B.

The female gametes will carry the recessive allele b.

This means that the genotype of all the offspring will

be Bb.

Since the allele for black is dominant, all the offspring

will be black


26/103

All the male gametes will carry the dominant

allele B.

The female gametes will carry the recessive

allele b. This means that the genotype of all theoffspring will be Bb.

There can be no brown mice (bb).

No


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Question 6

Which of these organisms can be classed as producers

in a food chain?

(a) Earthworms

(b) Mosses

(c) Fungi

(d) Trees

Question 7


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Earthworms are near the bottom of a food chain but

they are not producers. They are consumers,

digesting and absorbing dead organic matter in the

soil

No


30/103

Mosses are producers. Although they are simple

plants they contain chlorophyll and produce their

food by photosynthesis

Yes


31/103

Fungi are not producers. They digest and absorb

organic matter in soil, dead wood or other

decomposing matter

No


32/103

Trees are producers. The chlorophyll in theirleaves enables them to produce food by

photosynthesis

Yes


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Question 7

After blood has picked up oxygen in the lungs, whatroute does it take to deliver it to a muscle in the arm?

(a) Pulmonary artery, left atrium, left ventricle,

aorta, subclavian (to arm) artery

(b) Pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta,

subclavian artery

(c) Pulmonary vein, right atrium, right ventricle,

aorta, subclavian artery

(d) Pulmonary vein, right atrium, left ventricle,

aorta, subclavian artery

Question 8


34/103

The vessels returning blood to the heart are the

veins

No


35/103

This is the correct route. The oxygen will be used in

respiration, perhaps to produce muscle contraction

Yes


36/103

The pulmonary vein returns blood to the left side

of the heart

No


37/103

The right and left chambers of the heart are

completely separate, Blood cannot cross from one

side to the other.

No


38/103

Question 8

A B

M

A is a weak solution of sugar in water.B is a strong solution of sugar in

water. M is a selectively permeable

membrane. After a period of time, the

solution level will

(d) rise on both sides

(c) remain the same

(b) rise in B and sink inA

(a) rise inA and sink in B

Question 9


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The water molecules in A can move freely. The sugar

molecules in B attract a cluster of water molecules

which therefore cannot move freely. Water molecules

can pass through the selectively permeable membrane

in both directions but there are more freely moving

water molecules in A than in B

No


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Yes

The water molecules in A can move freely. The sugarmolecules in B attract a cluster of water molecules which

cannot move freely. Water molecules can pass through the

selectively permeable membrane in both directions but there

are more freely moving water molecules in A than in B so

more water will pass from A to B than in the other direction.

The water level in A will therefore fall, and that in B will rise


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This would happen if the membrane were freely

permeable to water molecules and sugar molecules.

The membrane, however, is selectively permeable

No


42/103

You must be joking


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Question 9

Which of these statements is most accurate?

In bright sunlight a green plant will be

(a) photosynthesising only

(b) respiring only

(c) photosynthesising and respiring

(d) taking in oxygen and giving out CO2

Question 10


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In bright sunlight the plant will certainly be

photosynthesising, but this is not the only process

going on

No


45/103

Living organisms are respiring all the time. A plant

will be respiring in daylight and darkness, but in bright

sunlight you would expect photosynthesis to be taking

place as well

No


46/103

Yes

Respiration takes place all the time but in brightsunlight, photosynthesis will be going on as well.


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Respiration uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide.

Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygen.

In bright sunlight, photosynthesis will be going on fasterthan respiration so there would be a net intake of carbon

dioxide and a net output of oxygen

No


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49/103

Evaporation of water from the leaves (transpiration)

produces a water tension which pulls water up through

the xylem vessels in the trunk

Yes


50/103

Root pressure can certainly generate a force that pushes

water up through the vessels in the trunk but it is not

sufficient to account for the rise which takes water to the

top of a tree

No


51/103

Osmosis is responsible for creating root pressure

but this is insufficient to drive water to the top of

a tree

No


52/103

Active transport is something which happens in cells.

It is usually concerned with the cell taking in specific

substances. It cannot produce a mass flow of water.

No


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Question 11

A reflex action occurs when

(a) a stimulus produces a response

(b) a reaction to a stimulus cannot beconsciously controlled

(c) the nervous pathway involves only the

spinal cord and spinal nerves

(d) the reaction is very rapid

Question 12


54/103

There are many instances where a stimulus produces aresponse but they do not necessarily involve reflex

actions. For example the stimulus of hunger produces the

response to seek food. This is a voluntary response.

No


55/103

Yes.

For example, the knee-jerk reflex cannot be

consciously suppressed.


56/103

This is true in many cases but not all. The knee-jerk

reflex is a spinal reflex but the reflex change of

shape in the iris of the eye must have a nervouspathway in the brain.

No


57/103

Many reflex actions are rapid but others, such as reflex

salivation in response to a sour taste, are comparatively slow.

Also many voluntary actions are rapid. Some of the reactions

in, for example, badminton are very rapid but they are not

reflex actions

No


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Question 12

Pepsin, an enzyme in the stomach, will only work

(d) on proteins

(c) at 45C

(b) on carbohydrates

(a) in acid conditions

Question 13


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The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid as well as

pepsin. The pH is about 2

Yes


60/103

An enzyme will act only on one specific

substrate.

Pepsin will not act on carbohydrates

No


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At temperatures above 40C, most enzymes start to be

denatured. That is, their molecular structure is altered

and they no longer work. Pepsin will work best at body

temperature, 36-37C

No


62/103

Pepsin acts only on proteins, breaking them down

to smaller molecules called peptides

Yes


63/103

Question 13

A sample of food is heated with Benedicts reagent. If a

red precipitate is formed it shows the presence of

(d) a reducing sugar

(c) glucose

(b) starch

(a) sugar

Question 14


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The red precipitate does indicate that a sugar is

present. It does not indicate which one; glucose,

sucrose, fructose etc.

Yes


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Starch should not give a red precipitate with Benedictsreagent although it may produce a cloudy greenish

suspension. This is because heating with an alkaline

reagent (Benedicts) starts to break down the starch to

sugar

No


66/103

Glucose will certainly form a red precipitate when

heated with Benedicts reagent but so will several

other sugars; fructose for example.

In practice, the conclusion that glucose is presentwould be acceptable.

Yes


67/103

This is the best answer. A reducing sugar is one

which can reduce the copper sulphate in

Benedicts reagent to copper (1) oxide (the red

precipitate).

Glucose, fructose, maltose and lactose are all

reducing sugars

Sucrose is not a reducing sugar and will not

produce a red precipitate with Benedicts reagent.

Yes


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Question 14

The human population grows if

(a) the death rate exceeds the birth rate

(b) the birth rate and death rate increase

(d) the birth rate exceeds the death rate

(c) people live longer

Question 15


69/103

If more people are dying than are being born, the

population will diminish

No


70/103

If birth rate and death rate both increase, the population

would remain stable but the age structure of the population

would change

No


71/103

People living longer could increase the population sizebut unless the trend persisted it is unlikely to sustain a

continuing increase in population

No


72/103

This is the principal cause of the growth of a

population

Yes

Q ti 15


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Question 15

The drawings represent stages in cell division in an animal

cell, but in the wrong sequence. Which of the following is

the correct sequence?

a b c d e f g

(d) b, e, a, d, c, g, f

(c) b, e, d, a, c, g, f

(b) b, d, e, a, c, f, g

(a) b, e, d, a, c, f, g

Question 16


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Cell constriction (g) occurs before the cellsbecome separated (f)

No


75/103

The nucleus divides (e) before the cell starts to

constrict (d)

No


76/103

This is the correct sequence

Yes


77/103

The cell constricts (d) before the cells become

separate (a)

No


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Question 16

The female sex hormone is produced in

(a) the uterus

(d) the liver

(c) the pituitary gland

(b) the ovaries

Question 17


79/103

The uterus does not produce oestrogen

No


80/103

Oestrogen is produced in the ovaries

Yes


81/103

The pituitary gland releases two hormones. FSH

and LH which affect the ovaries production of

hormones but it does not produce oestrogen

No


82/103

The liver processes oestrogen prior to its excretion

but it does not produce it.

No*

* In fact the liver does produce small quantities of

oestrogen but these are insignificant compared with

oestrogen produced by the ovaries


83/103

Question 17

Which of the following are excretory organs?

(d) The alimentary canal

(c) The sweat glands

(b) The kidneys

(a) The liver

Question 18


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The liver produces bile. The green bile pigments are

breakdown products of haemoglobin so they are excretory

products. But the production of bile is a response to the

presence of food in the duodenum and bile is not

specifically formed to dispose of the bile pigments. So theirexcretion is incidental and the liver cannot be regarded as

an excretory organ though it does process some excretory

products which are excreted elsewhere

No


85/103

The kidneys are the excretory organs in the body.

They excrete excess water, excess salt, urea and

uric acid and the breakdown products of hormones

and other unwanted products.

Yes


86/103

Sweat does contain sodium chloride and urea which can beregarded as excretory products. However, the sweat glands

come into action in response to a rise in body temperature.

The loss of salt and urea is quite incidental to the sweat

glands function in temperature control. Therefore the sweatglands cannot be regarded as excretory organs.

No


87/103

The contents of the alimentary canal have never been partof the body, so defecation is not excretion. The bile

pigments are excretory products from the liver but their

excretion is incidental to the main function of the

alimentary canal

No


88/103

Question 18

Sexual reproduction occurs when

(a) a new organism is formed

(c) mating takes place

(d) male and female gametes meet and fuse together

(b) male and female gametes are produced

Question 19


89/103

A new organism could be the outcome of

sexual reproduction but asexual reproduction

also produces new organisms

No


90/103

The production of male and female gametes is an

essential step in sexual reproduction but does not

itself constitute sexual reproduction

No


91/103

In certain animals, mating may be a part of sexual

reproduction but sexual reproduction takes place in

plants and a great many other organisms where

mating does not occur

No


92/103

The fusion of male and female gametes is the

defining moment in sexual reproduction

Yes

Question 19


93/103

Quest o 9

The evidence and arguments for evolution by Natural Selection are (not in

logical order)

(a) These variants live longer and have more offspring,

(b) Organisms in a species tend to vary,

(c) Some variants are better adapted to the environment than others,

(d) Therefore there is a struggle for survival,

(e) Organisms have more offspring than can possibly survive,

(f) If the variations are heritable, the variants will eventually predominate,.

Which of the following represents a logical sequence?

(4) e, b, d, c, a, f

(3) e, d, b, c, a, f

(2) b, a, c, d, e, f

(1) b, d, c, a, e, f

Question 20


94/103

The fact that organisms vary (b) does not necessitate astruggle for survival (d)

The fact that organisms have more offspring than can

survive (e) needs to come at an earlier stage in the

argument

No


95/103

Because organisms vary (b) does not necessarily mean that

they live longer (a). It is only the better adapted variants (c)

which live longer (a)

The tendency to have more offspring than can survive (e)must come at an early stage in the argument

No


96/103

This is the most logical sequence

Yes


97/103

This is a reasonable sequence although the struggle

for survival (d) is not necessarily a consequence of

variation (b)

Not quite

Question 20


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Question 20

The DNA molecule consists of a strand of

(f) nucleotides

(e) protein molecules

(b) deoxyribose and phosphate

(a) the bases, adenine, guanine, thymine

and cytosine


99/103

These organic bases are present in the DNA molecule

but are only part of it

No


100/103

Deoxyribose and phosphate form the backbone

of the molecule but do not constitute it

No


101/103

Protein is present in the chromosomes but

not in the DNA

No


102/103

Yes. DNA is made up of a chain of nucleotides

PO4

PO4

bases

Part of a DNA molecule

PO4

PO4

adenine

A nucleotide

deoxyribose

PO4


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End of questions

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