integrated models for transmission & distribuon plus

33
Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribu6on plus Bonus 1: Unit Commitment + Planning Bonus 2: Distribu8on Steady-State + PHIL Bryan Palmin6er, PhD Senior Research Engineer Power Systems Engineering Center Na6onal Renewable Energy Lab IEEE PES General Meeting 2016 July 21, 2016 Boston, Massachusetts NREL/PR-5D00-66996 NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.

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Page 1: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

IntegratedModelsforTransmission&Distribu6onplusBonus1:UnitCommitment+PlanningBonus2:Distribu8onSteady-State+PHILBryanPalmin6er,PhDSeniorResearchEngineerPowerSystemsEngineeringCenterNa6onalRenewableEnergyLab

IEEE PES General Meeting 2016 July 21, 2016 Boston, Massachusetts

NREL/PR-5D00-66996NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.

Page 2: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

2

Amapofpower-systemssimula6ontools

•  Markets•  Transmission•  Distribu6on•  Devices•  Hardware•  Co-simula6on

•  Transient•  Dynamic•  Steady-State•  Planning

•  Technical•  Economic•  Techno-economic

Timestep

Spatial

msec sec min hr day yr/decade

nation

state

metro

zipcode

feeder

device

Technical (e.g. Power flow

Techno-Economic

Economic-focused

External Developer

NREL Tool

NREL Co-simulation

Simulation-only

Optimization sub-problem

Optimal-decision 2/2016-BSP

Sim Power SystemsMathworks

RTDSRTDS

PSS/E (Siemens)PSLF (GE)…MATPOWER (Cornell)

MAFRITNREL

eMegaSimOpal-RT

PSC

AD

MHI

FESTIVNREL

PlexosEnergy Exemplar

GridLAB-DPNNL

OpenDSS (EPRI)...CyME (Cooper)Synergi (DNV-GL)DEW (EDD)Windmil (Milsoft)

PV, Storage simsNREL SAM (NREL)

HEMS-simNREL

FESTIVNREL

TEADSNREL

REPRANREL

HoST (NREL)...DPV (EPRI)

ReEDSNREL

RPMNREL

dSol

ar, d

Stor

age,

dW

ind

(NRE

L)

Distribution PlanningToolsNREL

PSC

AD

MHI

Sim Power SystemsMathworks

RTDSRTDS

PSS/E (Siemens)PSLF (GE)…MATPOWER (Cornell)

MAFRITNREL

eMegaSimOpal-RT

FESTIVNREL

PlexosEnergy Exemplar

GridLAB-DPNNL

OpenDSS (EPRI)...CyME (Cooper)Synergi (DNV-GL)DEW (EDD)Windmil (Milsoft)

PV, Storage simsNREL SAM (NREL)

HEMS-simNREL

FESTIVNREL

TEADSNREL

REPRANREL

HoST (NREL)...DPV (EPRI)

Distribution PlanningToolsNREL

ReEDSNREL

RPMNREL

dSol

ar, d

Stor

age,

dW

ind

(NRE

L)

IGMSNREL

IESMNRELTeDI

NREL

Palmin8er,etal.ModelingandSimula8onToolsforAnalyzingHighPenetra8onsofVariableRenewablesinElectricPowerSystems.ForthcomingNRELTechnicalReport

Page 3: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

3

Theshortblanketproblem

Solu6ons•  StretchtheBlanket(Simplify)•  Usetwoblankets(Co-simula6on)•  Useabiggerblanket(BiggerComputer)

DomainA

DomainB

Page 4: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

4

FlexibilityinPlanning:UC+Planning

Timestep

Spatial

msec sec min hr day yr/decade

nation

state

metro

zipcode

feeder

device

Technical (e.g. Power flow)

Techno-Economic

Economic-focused

External Developer

NREL Tool

NREL Co-simulation

Simulation-only

Optimization sub-problem

Optimal-decision 2/2016-BSP

Sim Power SystemsMathworks

RTDSRTDS

PSS/E (Siemens)PSLF (GE)…MATPOWER (Cornell)

MAFRITNREL

eMegaSimOpal-RT

PSCA

DM

HI

FESTIVNREL

PlexosEnergy Exemplar

GridLAB-DPNNL

OpenDSS (EPRI)...CyME (Cooper)Synergi (DNV-GL)DEW (EDD)Windmil (Milsoft)

PV, Storage simsNREL SAM (NREL)

HEMS-simNREL

FESTIVNREL

TEADSNREL

REPRANREL

HoST (NREL)...DPV (EPRI)

ReEDSNREL

RPMNREL

dSol

ar, d

Stor

age,

dW

ind

(NRE

L)

Distribution PlanningToolsNREL

PSCA

DM

HI

Sim Power SystemsMathworks

RTDSRTDS

PSS/E (Siemens)PSLF (GE)…MATPOWER (Cornell)

MAFRITNREL

eMegaSimOpal-RT

FESTIVNREL

PlexosEnergy Exemplar

GridLAB-DPNNL

OpenDSS (EPRI)...CyME (Cooper)Synergi (DNV-GL)DEW (EDD)Windmil (Milsoft)

PV, Storage simsNREL SAM (NREL)

HEMS-simNREL

FESTIVNREL

TEADSNREL

REPRANREL

HoST (NREL)...DPV (EPRI)

Distribution PlanningToolsNREL

ReEDSNREL

RPMNREL

dSol

ar, d

Stor

age,

dW

ind

(NRE

L)

IGMSNREL

IESMNRELTeDI

NREL

Palmin8er,etal.ModelingandSimula8onToolsforAnalyzingHighPenetra8onsofVariableRenewablesinElectricPowerSystems.ForthcomingNRELTechnicalReport

Page 5: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

5

FlexibilityinPlanning:UC+Planning

•  Opera6onalFlexibility➔UnitCommitment

WithPlanning➔ClusteredIntegerUC

o  MILPo  Fast(15-500x)o  Maintainskeyunit-leveldetails

–  Reserves–  On/Off&minimumup/down6me–  Maintenance

o  Lowerrors(0.3-1.4%forplanning)•  Results--FlexibilityImportantforPlanning

with:o  StrictCarbonLimitso  HighVariableRenewablePenetra6on

5

Infl xible Low-Carbon

Baseload

Increased Flexibility

Required by Variable

RenewablesInfl xible

Coal*

Quantity of (variable) RenewablesSt

rictn

ess

of C

arbo

n Po

licy

0Units on-line, Ûĝ,b,t

Units on maintenance, Mĝ,b

max

Units built, Nĝ

0

nĝmax

0

nĝmax

NG-CCNG-GT Nuclear(When)doesopera6onalflexibilityimpactplanning?

B.Palmin8erandM.D.Webster,“ImpactofOpera8onalFlexibilityonElectricityGenera8onPlanningWithRenewableandCarbonTargets,”IEEETransac8onsonSustainableEnergy,vol.7,no.2,pp.672–684,Apr.2016.

Stretch

Page 6: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

6

Power-Hardware-in-the-LoopCo-simula6on

Timestep

Spatial

msec sec min hr day yr/decade

nation

state

metro

zipcode

feeder

device

Technical (e.g. Power flow)

Techno-Economic

Economic-focused

External Developer

NREL Tool

NREL Co-simulation

Simulation-only

Optimization sub-problem

Optimal-decision 2/2016-BSP

Sim Power SystemsMathworks

RTDSRTDS

PSS/E (Siemens)PSLF (GE)…MATPOWER (Cornell)

MAFRITNREL

eMegaSimOpal-RT

PSCA

DM

HI

FESTIVNREL

PlexosEnergy Exemplar

GridLAB-DPNNL

OpenDSS (EPRI)...CyME (Cooper)Synergi (DNV-GL)DEW (EDD)Windmil (Milsoft)

PV, Storage simsNREL SAM (NREL)

HEMS-simNREL

FESTIVNREL

TEADSNREL

REPRANREL

HoST (NREL)...DPV (EPRI)

ReEDSNREL

RPMNREL

dSol

ar, d

Stor

age,

dW

ind

(NRE

L)

Distribution PlanningToolsNREL

PSCA

DM

HI

Sim Power SystemsMathworks

RTDSRTDS

PSS/E (Siemens)PSLF (GE)…MATPOWER (Cornell)

MAFRITNREL

eMegaSimOpal-RT

FESTIVNREL

PlexosEnergy Exemplar

GridLAB-DPNNL

OpenDSS (EPRI)...CyME (Cooper)Synergi (DNV-GL)DEW (EDD)Windmil (Milsoft)

PV, Storage simsNREL SAM (NREL)

HEMS-simNREL

FESTIVNREL

TEADSNREL

REPRANREL

HoST (NREL)...DPV (EPRI)

Distribution PlanningToolsNREL

ReEDSNREL

RPMNREL

dSol

ar, d

Stor

age,

dW

ind

(NRE

L)

IGMSNREL

IESMNRELTeDI

NREL

Co-simula8on

Palmin8er,etal.ModelingandSimula8onToolsforAnalyzingHighPenetra8onsofVariableRenewablesinElectricPowerSystems.ForthcomingNRELTechnicalReport

Page 7: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

7

PHILwithLargerGridModels–PHILCo-simula6on

Combinesactualhardwaretes6ngusingPHILwithco-simula6onoflargerelectricpowergridusingoff-the-shelfmodelingtools.Veryflexiblearchitectureenablesmul6-sitetes6ng(e.g.NRELlinkstoPNNLandCSIRO),andscenarioflexibility•  ArbitraryGrid:loca6on,topology&equipment

•  Demo:IEEE8500and123withnohardwarechanges

•  Anyscenario:normalops,faults,con6ngencies•  Demo:Cloudtransients,homethermalphysicsmodels

•  Actualhardware:noproprietarymodelsrequired•  Demo:2advancedinvertersatvariouspointsofcommoncoupling

•  Mul6-site:hardwareand/orsimula6on•  Demo:PNNL(WA)linktoNREL(CO)•  CSIRO(Australia)

B.Palmin8er,B.Lundstrom,S.Chakraborty,T.Williams,“APower-Hardware-in-the-LoopPla_ormwithRemoteDistribu8onCircuitCo-simula8on,”IEEETransac8onsonIndustrialElectronics,2015.

Page 8: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

8

NREL-PNNLRemotePHILTestCase:Three-phaseInverter

•  IEEE8500-nodetestfeeder

-  One7kVAreal-inverteroutputscaledupto140kVAinGridLAB-Dsimula6on

-  Thishardwareinverterwasopera6nginVVC

-  AddedalargenumbersmallUPFinverters;combinedoutputof800kW

•  Cloudtransientwasimplementedbasedonhistoricalweatherdata

•  ThehardwareinverterwithVVCwascapableofmaintainingconstantvoltageonthesecondary

0

500

1000

1500

Irra

dian

ce(W

/m2 )

10

20

30

40

50

Phas

e A

Rea

l Pow

er(k

W)

-40

-20

0

20

Phas

e A

Rea

ctiv

e Po

wer

(kV

Ar)

12:35 12:40 12:45275

280

285

290

Phas

e A

|V| a

t PC

C(V

)

base PF=1.0 PF=0.81

12:35 12:40 12:45122

123

124

125

126

127

128

|V| m

ax

Maximum voltage magnitude on secondary system

no solar base casedistributed PF=1.0 solardistributed PF=1.0 solar and VVC solar

12:35 12:40 12:45122

123

124

125

126

127

128

|V|ma

x

Time

Maximum voltage magnitude on secondary system

T.Williams,J.Fuller,B.Palmin8er,B.Lundstrom,S.Chakraborty,“ExaminingSolarPVControlSystemswithaHardware-in-the-LoopPla_orm,”inIEEEPhotovoltaicSpecialistsConference(PVSC),Denver,CO,2014.

Page 9: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

9

ADMSTestbed

•  NRELisestablishingana6onal,vendor-neutralAdvancedDistribu6onManagementSystem(ADMS)testbedtoaccelerateindustrydevelopmentandadop6onofADMScapabili6es

•  Enableu6litypartners,vendors,andresearcherstoevaluateexis6ngandfutureADMSusecasesandintegratewithHILequipment

Page 10: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

10

IntegratedT+D

Timestep

Spatial

msec sec min hr day yr/decade

nation

state

metro

zipcode

feeder

device

Technical (e.g. Power flow)

Techno-Economic

Economic-focused

External Developer

NREL Tool

NREL Co-simulation

Simulation-only

Optimization sub-problem

Optimal-decision 2/2016-BSP

Sim Power SystemsMathworks

RTDSRTDS

PSS/E (Siemens)PSLF (GE)…MATPOWER (Cornell)

MAFRITNREL

eMegaSimOpal-RT

PSCA

DM

HI

FESTIVNREL

PlexosEnergy Exemplar

GridLAB-DPNNL

OpenDSS (EPRI)...CyME (Cooper)Synergi (DNV-GL)DEW (EDD)Windmil (Milsoft)

PV, Storage simsNREL SAM (NREL)

HEMS-simNREL

FESTIVNREL

TEADSNREL

REPRANREL

HoST (NREL)...DPV (EPRI)

ReEDSNREL

RPMNREL

dSol

ar, d

Stor

age,

dW

ind

(NRE

L)

Distribution PlanningToolsNREL

PSCA

DM

HI

Sim Power SystemsMathworks

RTDSRTDS

PSS/E (Siemens)PSLF (GE)…MATPOWER (Cornell)

MAFRITNREL

eMegaSimOpal-RT

FESTIVNREL

PlexosEnergy Exemplar

GridLAB-DPNNL

OpenDSS (EPRI)...CyME (Cooper)Synergi (DNV-GL)DEW (EDD)Windmil (Milsoft)

PV, Storage simsNREL SAM (NREL)

HEMS-simNREL

FESTIVNREL

TEADSNREL

REPRANREL

HoST (NREL)...DPV (EPRI)

Distribution PlanningToolsNREL

ReEDSNREL

RPMNREL

dSol

ar, d

Stor

age,

dW

ind

(NRE

L)

IGMSNREL

IESMNRELTeDI

NREL

Palmin8er,etal.ModelingandSimula8onToolsforAnalyzingHighPenetra8onsofVariableRenewablesinElectricPowerSystems.ForthcomingNRELTechnicalReport

Page 11: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

11

Smart Grid functionality restores the balance

Hydro power plants

Nuclear Power Plants

Natural Gas Generators

Transmission System

Distribution Substations

Customers

Distributed storage

Solar Farms

Wind Farms

IntegratedSimula6ontheEmergingGrid

Home Energy Storage

Energy Efficiency

PHEV

Rooftop Solar

Distributed wind

Commercial Customers

11

Page 12: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

12

ExampleApplica6ons• Past:AnalyzedistributedPVsupportforgridopera6ons• SuccessfulMediumScaleRun(s):118Transmissionbuses,743Distribu6onFeeders(PNNLtaxonomy),>1Mtotalbuses,>600khomes.Highly-scalable

• Current:Wholesalepriceinterac6onofDERs• Future:

•  IntegrateCommunica6ons(ns-3,GMLCTDCproject)• Alterna6vemarket,DR,andservicearchitectures• Co-simula6onwithHardwareviaPHIL

Summary:Anext-genera6onanalysisframeworkforfull-scaleintegratedmarket+transmission+distribu6onsimula6onthatsupportsmillionsofhighlydistributedenergyresources.

End-to-EndT&DModelingCapability• detailedmul6-periodwholesalemarkets(includingLMPs)• generator/reservedispatch(AGC)• ACPowerflow(bulktransmission)• Fullunbalanced3-phpowerflowfor100s-1000sofdistribu6onfeeders

• Physicsbasedend-usemodelsofbuildingsandDERs• Semi-AutomatedimportfromPLEXOS,SynerGEE,&CyME

NREL’sIntegratedGridModelingSystem(IGMS)providesafirst-of-a-kindco-simula6onwithtransmission-levelmarkets,1000sofdistribu6onfeeders,and1MsofDERs

IntegratedT&DGridModelingSystem(IGMS)FESTIV:

ISO Markets, UC & AGC

MATPOWERTransmission/Bulk:

AC Powerfl w, Volt/VAr

FESTIV Runtime plug-in

Bus AggregatorBus Aggregator

Bus Aggregator

bus.py bus.py ...

ZMQ

MPI

IGMS-Interconnect

bus.pybus.py

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

Alte

rnat

e D

istri

butio

n M

odel

Tim

eser

ies,

etc

.

...

HTT

P

HTT

P

HTT

P

Scen

ario

Aut

omat

ion

ISO

Tran

smiss

ion

Distrib

ution

Build

ing

Applianc

e

IGMSReport:NREL/TP-5D00-65550

Page 13: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

13

HowIGMSWorks

BigComputer

Co-simula8on

Page 14: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

14

•  Mul6-Marketo  Day-AheadSecurity-ConstrainedUnitCommitment(Daily)

o  Real-6meSCUnitCommitment(Hourly)

o  Real-6meSCEconomicDispatch(5-min)

o  AGCreserves

•  US-style(currently):o  Nodalpriceso  CoupledReserveMarkets

FESTIV:ISO Markets, UC & AGC

Every4-60

sec(AGC

period) Every4-60sec(AGCperiod)

FESTIVTool:E.ElaandM.O’Malley,“StudyingtheVariabilityandUncertaintyImpactsofVariableGenera8onatMul8pleTimescales,”IEEETrans.PowerSyst.,vol.27,no.3,pp.1324–1333,Aug.2012.

Page 15: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

15

•  Mul6-Market:o  Daily,Hourly,5-min,AGC

•  T:ACPowerflow(pos-seq,balanced)

FESTIV:ISO Markets, UC & AGC

MATPOWERTransmission/Bulk:

AC Powerfl w, Volt/VAr

FESTIV Runtime plug-in

Every4-60

sec(AGC

period) Every4-60sec(AGCperiod)

MATPOWERTool:Zimmerman,etal.,“MATPOWER:Steady-StateOpera8ons,Planning,andAnalysisToolsforPowerSystemsResearchandEduca8on,”IEEETransac8onsonPowerSystems,vol.26,no.1,pp.12–19,Feb.2011.

Page 16: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

16

•  Mul6-Market:o  Daily,Hourly,5-min,AGC

•  T:ACPowerflow(pos-seq,balanced)

•  Nodal:o  Voltageo  Priceso  (Services)

FESTIV:ISO Markets, UC & AGC

MATPOWERTransmission/Bulk:

AC Powerfl w, Volt/VAr

FESTIV Runtime plug-in

Bus AggregatorBus Aggregator

Bus Aggregator

bus.py bus.py ...

ZMQ

MPI

IGMS-Interconnect

bus.pybus.py

Every4-60

sec(AGC

period) Every4-60sec(AGCperiod)

Bus.pyTool:T.Hansen,B.Palmin8er,S.Suryanarayanan,Maciejewski,andSiegel."Bus.py:AGridLAB-DCommunica8onInterfaceforSmartDistribu8onGridSimula8ons”,2015IEEEPESGeneralmee8ng

Page 17: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

17

•  Mul6-Market:o  Daily,Hourly,5-min,AGC

•  T:ACPowerflow(pos-seq,balanced)

•  Nodal:o  Voltageo  Priceso  (Services)

•  D:Powerflow(3ph,AC,unbalanced)

•  Physics:o  DERso  Load

FESTIV:ISO Markets, UC & AGC

MATPOWERTransmission/Bulk:

AC Powerfl w, Volt/VAr

FESTIV Runtime plug-in

Bus AggregatorBus Aggregator

Bus Aggregator

bus.py bus.py ...

ZMQ

MPI

IGMS-Interconnect

bus.pybus.py

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

Alte

rnat

e D

istri

butio

n M

odel

Tim

eser

ies,

etc

.

...

HTT

P

HTT

P

HTT

P

Every4-60

sec(AGC

period) Every4-60sec(AGCperiod)

GridLAB-DTool:Chassin,etal.,“GridLAB-D:AnAgent-BasedSimula8onFrameworkforSmartGrids,”JournalofAppliedMathema8cs,vol.2014,pp.1–12,2014.

Page 18: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

18

•  Return:o  Powero  Reac6veo  (Bids)

•  Mul6-Market:o  Daily,Hourly,5-min,AGC

•  T:ACPowerflow(pos-seq,balanced)

•  Nodal:o  Voltageo  Priceso  (Services)

•  D:Powerflow(3ph,AC,unbalanced)

•  Physics:o  DERso  Load

FESTIV:ISO Markets, UC & AGC

MATPOWERTransmission/Bulk:

AC Powerfl w, Volt/VAr

FESTIV Runtime plug-in

Bus AggregatorBus Aggregator

Bus Aggregator

bus.py bus.py ...

ZMQ

MPI

IGMS-Interconnect

bus.pybus.py

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

Alte

rnat

e D

istri

butio

n M

odel

Tim

eser

ies,

etc

.

...

HTT

P

HTT

P

HTT

P

Every4-60

sec(AGC

period) Every4-60sec(AGCperiod)

IGMSReport:NREL/TP-5D00-65550

Page 19: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

19

FESTIV:ISO Markets, UC & AGC

MATPOWERTransmission/Bulk:

AC Powerfl w, Volt/VAr

FESTIV Runtime plug-in

Bus AggregatorBus Aggregator

Bus Aggregator

bus.py bus.py ...

ZMQ

MPI

IGMS-Interconnect

bus.pybus.py

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

GR

IDLa

b-D

Dis

tribu

tion

Pow

erfl

w,

Hom

e &

Appl

ianc

e Ph

ysic

s

Alte

rnat

e D

istri

butio

n M

odel

Tim

eser

ies,

etc

.

...

HTT

P

HTT

P

HTT

P

Scen

ario

Aut

omat

ion

ISO

Tran

smiss

ion

Distrib

ution

Build

ing

Applianc

e

Every4-60

sec(AGC

period) Every4-60sec(AGCperiod)

IGMSReport:NREL/TP-5D00-65550

Page 20: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

20

Representa6veIGMSResults

Note:Projectsjuststar8ngnowwillbethefirsttouserealu8litydata

Page 21: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

21

•  AdvancedDERInverters:newQdemandslargelymetlocally

•  AdvancedDERInverterscanhelpmanagetransmissionvoltages

SomeIni6al(Proof-of-Concept)Results

•  ImprovedPVforecast:quan6fyinterchangeerror&ACEimpacts

Time (1-minute increments)0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Volta

ge (p

.u.)

0.94

0.95

0.96

0.98

1

1.02

1.04

1.05

1.06

Voltage envelope without advanced inverters

Voltage envelope with advanced inverters

SolarPenetration(energy)

Visibility(Forecast)

ProductionCost

$1000s/day

CPS2Violations AACEE ACEStd.

Dev.

9% none9% persistence9% perfect

7,0125,636

InfeasibleRTSCEDat10amsimulationtime-

-25%

InfeasibleRTSCEDat10amsimulationtime-

-7%

InfeasibleRTSCEDat10amsimulationtime-

-4%

InfeasibleRTSCEDat10amsimulationtime

14% none14% persistence14% perfect

6,8336,5585,654

--10%-22%

--2%-23%

--1%-13% OnthePathtoSunShot-Distribu8on:NREL/TP-5D00-65331

Page 22: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

22

BulkImpactsofDERs

•  HVACandHotWatercontrollersinGridLAB-D

•  System-widedemandimpact

See:Palmin8eretal.IEEETransac8onsonSmartGrid(ToAppear)

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23

GeneralObserva6onsonLinkingModels

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•  Lotsofefforthasgoneinto(sub)domain-specifictools.o  (Sousethem)o  Trustedbystakeholderso  Con6nuetoimprove

•  Allowsfocusonthe“glue-ware”o  Fastero  Manyframeworks

•  EncouragesModularityo  Swap/addmodelsasneeded

1.Co-simula6onisgreatforleveragingexis6ngtools

hop://legomyphoto.wordpress.com/

FESTIV:ISO Markets, UC & AGC

PFLOWTransmission

Powerfl w

FESTIV plug-in PFlow adapter

Bus AggregatorBus Aggregator

Bus Aggregator

bus.py bus.py ...

ZMQ

MPI

IGMS-Interconnect

bus.pybus.py

ZMQ ZMQ

GR

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Aut

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Build

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FESTIV:ISO Markets, UC & AGC

MATPOWERTransmission/Bulk:

AC Powerfl w, Volt/VAr

FESTIV Runtime plug-in

Bus AggregatorBus Aggregator

Bus Aggregator

bus.py bus.py ...

ZMQ

MPI

IGMS-Interconnect

bus.pybus.py

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B.Palmin6er,etal.,“Experiences…withtheIntegratedGridModelingSystem(IGMS),”inPowerSystemsComputa8onConference(PSCC’16),Genoa,Italy,2016.

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25

2.It’snotjustthetool:RemembertheRestoftheWorkflow

Okenthesimula8onitselfisthe“easy”part,comparedtoset-up,outputprocessing,andanalysis

ScenariosOptimizationUncertainty

UsableInputData

OutputVisualize

SimulationToolsSimulation

ToolsSimulationTools

Questions

RawData Answers

B.Palmin6er,etal.,“Experiences…withtheIntegratedGridModelingSystem(IGMS),”inPowerSystemsComputa8onConference(PSCC’16),Genoa,Italy,2016.

Page 26: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

IGMS-InputDataConversion

Transmission:PLEXOStoFESTIV–withRPM

0"

200"

400"

600"

800"

1000"

1200"

1400"

1600"

0:00" 3:00" 6:00" 9:00" 12:00" 15:00" 18:00" 21:00" 0:00"

Total&G

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Fes/v1IGMS"Gen"Fes/v1CPLEX"Gen"Plexos"Gen"Fes/v"Gen"

Distribu6on:SynerGEEandCYMEtoGridLAB-D

POC:JulietaGiraldez

IGMSReport:NREL/TP-5D00-65550

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27

IGMS-Popula6ngFeederswithHouses&PV

Scenario sim start: 4/16/2020 sim duration: 1 d sim timestep: 1 min

Transmission•  FESTIVcase•  IGMS-FESTIV

modelrulesandconfigura6on

•  Startup.matfile

Distribu6on•  Assignfeeder

modelstonodes•  glmgenop6ons

forpopula6ngGridLAB-D

•  LHSsampling

bus.pysetupMultiNodeBus GridlabBus ConstantBus FileBus

CorefeederprocessingbuiltonevolvedformofOpenModelingFramework IGMSReport:NREL/TP-5D00-65550

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28

IGMS-OutputProcessing

IGMSReport:NREL/TP-5D00-65550

1.o _________ 1_oa_d .... re_a_1_s_ta_c_k_fo_r_i_g_m_s _______ _ load distribution of sing le bus feeders

E 0.8 _ _J

0.6

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time(s)

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The r 856 are colored by their maximum change in voltage, wnere mirKer colors have a greater change.

0

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50

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46

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34

32

IEEE 118-bus Voltage Contour, t• 2020-04-16 17:20:00

0.80

Thu 1603 AM 06 AM 09 AM 12 PM 03 PM 06 PM 09 PM Fri 17 Thu 1603 AM 06 AM 09 AM 12 PM 03 PM 06 PM 09 PM Fri 17

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29

•  Co-simula6onperspec6ve:enablesmodelswapping•  Also:Well-definedAPIadvantages:

o  Mul6pledeveloperssimultaneously– Easiermerginginversioncontrol(youareusingsofwareversioncontrol,right?GITisgreat)

o  Refinecomponentsseparately•  Andkey:TESTING

o  Asynchronousdevelopment

o  Isolateproblems

3.ModularDesignalsoSimplifiesComplexDevelopment

FakeTool FakeTool

RealModel FakeTool

RealModel RealModel

B.Palmin6er,etal.,“Experiences…withtheIntegratedGridModelingSystem(IGMS),”inPowerSystemsComputa8onConference(PSCC’16),Genoa,Italy,2016.

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30

4.BigModelscaninformsmallermodels

IGMSvsSeparateTools:LargestdifferenceseparatevsT+D:constantdistribu6onfactors

Tradi6onalTransmissionModels:

WithIGMS:VoltageErrors:Low

RealPowerErrors:High

Palmin8eretal.“IntegratedGridModelingSystem…”IEEETransac8onsonSmartGrid(ToAppear)andPalmin8eretal.NREL/TP-5D00-65550,Jan.2016.

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Futuredirec6onsforT+D

•  EnhancedT&DeconomicanalysisinIGMSo  Retail-Wholesalemarketinterac6onso  DLMPdevelopment

•  Real-worldpartnersandvalida6ono  SuNLaMPT+DToolswithArgonneNa6onalLab

•  T+D+…Comms,Loads,Markets,etc.o  DoEGridModerniza6onT+D+C:withPNNL,LLNL,etal.o  Opportunis6cHybridCommunica6onSuNLaMP(Bri-MathiasHodge)

•  Marketinterac6onsofDR:“Prosumeraspricemaker”o  IGMS+IESM

•  PowerHardware-in-the-Loopo  ADMStestbed(Simulatepowersystem)o  ESIFPowerGridHub

•  PartnershipswithNRELAnalysisGroupo  high-distributedenergyfuturesstudyo  Futureelectricitysystemanalysis

Page 32: Integrated Models for Transmission & Distribuon plus

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FullReferencesIntegratedGridModeingSystem(IGMS)forT+D•  B.Palmin6er,E.Hale,B.-M.Hodge,K.Baker,andT.Hansen,“Experiencesintegra6ngtransmissionand

distribu6onsimula6onsforDERswiththeIntegratedGridModelingSystem(IGMS),”inProceedingsofthe19thPowerSystemsComputa8onConference(PSCC’16),Genoa,Italy,2016.

•  B.Palmin6er,E.Hale,T.Hansen,W.Jones,D.Biagioni,H.Sorensen,andB.-M.Hodge,“IGMS:AnIntegratedISO-to-ApplianceScaleGridModelingSystem,”IEEETransac6onsonSmartGrid,SpecialIssueonHighPerformanceCompu6ng(HPC)Applica6onsforaMoreResilientandEfficientPowerGrid,(InReview)

•  B.Palmin6er,E.Hale,T.Hansen,W.Jones,D.Biagioni,K.Baker,H.Wu,J.Giraldez,H.Sorensen,M.Lunacek,N.Merket,J.Jorgenson,andB.-M.Hodge,“IntegratedDistribu6on-TransmissionAnalysisforVeryHighPenetra6onSolarPV(FinalTechnicalReport),”Na6onalRenewableEnergyLaboratory,Golden,CO,NREL/TP-5D00-65550,Jan.2016.

•  B.Palmin6er,“TheIntegratedGridModelingSystem(IGMS)forCombinedTransmissionandDistribu6onSimula6on,”presentedatthePowerandEnergySocietyGeneralMee6ng,Denver,CO,29-Jul-2015.hop://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy16os6/65552.pdf

•  B.Palmin6er,R.Broderick,B.Mather,M.Coddington,K.Baker,F.Ding,M.Reno,M.Lave,andA.Bharatkumar,“OnthePathtoSunShot:EmergingIssuesandChallengesinIntegra6ngSolarwiththeDistribu6onSystem,”Na6onalRenewableEnergyLaboratory,Golden,CO,NREL/TP-5D00-65331,May2016.

•  T.M.Hansen,R.Kadavil,B.Palmin6er,S.Suryanarayanan,A.A.Maciejewski,H.J.Siegel,E.K.P.Chong,andE.Hale,“EnablingSmartGridCosimula6onStudies:RapidDesignandDevelopmentoftheTechnologiesandControls,”IEEEElectrifica8onMagazine,vol.4,no.1,pp.25–32,Mar.2016.

BonusExamples:•  B.Palmin6erandM.D.Webster,“ImpactofOpera6onalFlexibilityonElectricityGenera6onPlanningWith

RenewableandCarbonTargets,”IEEETransac6onsonSustainableEnergy,vol.7,no.2,pp.672–684,.2016.•  B.Palmin6er,B.Lundstrom,S.Chakraborty,T.Williams,“APower-Hardware-in-the-LoopPlawormwith

RemoteDistribu6onCircuitCo-simula6on,”IEEETransac6onsonIndustrialElectronics,2015.

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[email protected]

national laboratory oft e U.S.