hvdc plus - · pdf filepower transmission and distribution ev-h2_01.98- 2 (9 +$ 6k 96&7 k...

Power Transmission and Distribution EV-H2_01.98- 1

(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O

HVDC PLUSPower Link Universal Systems

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(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Voltage Source ConverterTwo Level VSC (Phase Module)

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–

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–

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Vd

2

Vd

2

Vd

2

+

–

Vd

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VacVac


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Voltage Source ConverterThree Level VSC (Phase Module)

–

+

MM

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–

–

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M

ϑ

Vd

2

Vd

2

Vd

2

Vd

2Vac Vac


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Voltage Source ConverterTwo Level VSC (Phase Module)

+

–

+

–

ϑ

Vd

2

Vd

2

Vd

2

+

–

Vd

2

VacVac


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Voltage Source ConverterThree Level VSC (Phase Module)

–

+

MM

+

–

–

+

M

ϑ

Vd

2

Vd

2

Vd

2

Vd

2Vac Vac


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Valve Technology2-Level versus 3-Level Converter (I)

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Harmonics (THD) 100 % approx. 50 %

du/dt 100 % 50 %

��Valve Modules 1 type 3 different types

(extern, intern, mid-point)

Construction compact less compact(mid-point clamping)

�� VSC standard special control algorithms(mid-point potential)


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Valve Technology2-Level versus 3-Level Converter (II)

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� �� 100 % 90 %

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(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Siemens Valve TechnologyIGBT Converter - Protection

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Special control algorithms

DC Chopper

Discharging device and converter trip

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Peak current controlusing high transientswitching frequency (>1 kHz)

Converter trip


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


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DC Chopper

Discharging device and converter trip

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Peak current controlusing high transientswitching frequency (1 kHz)

Converter trip

Siemens VSC TechnologyHD GTO Converter Protection


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


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VDRM 4500 V ITQRM 4000 A

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vmax 2800 Vripple*) imax 3000 Apeak

Vmax 2500 Vaverage *) Imax(ph) 2000 ARMS **)

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*) depends on number of series connected GTOs**) depends on switching frequency

Siemens VSC TechnologyHD GTO


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


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VDRM 4500 V(6500 V)

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vmax 2800 Vripple imax n.a.(3360 Vripple)

Vmax 2500 Vaverage Imax(ph) 800 ARMS *)(3000 Vaverage)

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*) switching frequency 750 Hz (1000 Hz)

Siemens VSC TechnologyIGBT

ITQRM ~3000 A


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


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No of GTOs nGTO 14 + 2

Voltage Vvalve 35 kV average

Current Iph 1800 ARMS

Switching frequency fs 300 Hz cont.1000 Hz 1s

Siemens VSC TechnologyHD GTO Module


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


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No of IGBTs nIGBT ≤ 25 (3level)≤ 50 (2level)

Voltage Vvalve 70 kV average140 kV average

Current Iph 800 ARMS

Switching frequency fs 600 Hz cont.1000 Hz 1s

Siemens VSC TechnologyPPI Module


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


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L1L2L3

+

0

−

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0

−

L

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Vd /2

-Vd /2

Vd /2

Vd /2

C

C

Vd av 50 kV

amax ≥ 0.95

Iac(1) 2000 A

Sconv 100 MVA

C 2 mF

fPWM 300 Hz

Iac(1)

Conv. VoltageRatio

Siemens VSC TechnologyHD GTO Converter


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Valve TechnologyIGBT Element 4.5 kV, 750 A DC


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O




(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Valve TechnologyTurn-on waveform of Series Connected IGBTs


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Valve TechnologyTurn-off waveform of Series Connected IGBTs


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


Valve TechnologyShort-Circuit Behavior of IGBTs


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


gradingcircuit

gradingcircuit

gradingcircuit

gradingcircuit

Fibre Optics Interface

Valve Control & Protection

Main Control

GU GU GU GU

Valve TechnologySeries Connection of IGBT


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


• Capability of IGBTs to limit and turn-off Short Circuit Currents

� Protection of IGBTs

• External freewheeling Diodes with high I2t-Value � Protection of Diodes at external Failures � no Break of Semiconductor Housings at worst case

Failures � superior Performance of fast Diodes compared

to reverse conducting IGBT

• Advanced Gate Unit � improved Switching Performance of IGBT � Overvoltage Protection of IGBT � Current Limiting Circuits

Valve TechnologyMain Design Features of Converters (1)


(9 +$ ��6 K �� 96&7 K O


• Selection of Components under Condition of minimal Losses

• Design for low Cosmic Ray Sensitivity

• Fast Detection of Failures

• Modular Structure of Converters

• redundant IGBT Levels in each Valve

• Efficient, reliable and corrosion-free Cooling

• System designed for little and easy Maintenance

• Use of well-proven Components and Materials of HVDC Valves � high Fire Resistance, Reliability and Seismic Robustness

Valve TechnologyMain Design Features of Converters (2)

hvdc plus - · pdf filepower transmission and distribution ev-h2_01.98- 2 (9 +$ 6k 96&7 k...

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