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M JOSE PEREZ

INSTRUMENTAL

EMSEMBLES1. CHAMBER MUSICMusic composed for small instrumental ensembles and performed without a

conductor. Traditionally intended for performance in a room or reception hall,

often solely for the performers' own pleasure, chamber music is now often heard

in concert halls.

It began with the 16th-century instrumental consort, and long continued to be

associated with aristocratic households.

A musical ensemble is a group of several musicians who gather to performmusic. There are several denominations of ensembles according with their size

and composition.

The termsduet, trio, quartet, quintet,sextet, septet, octet, and nonetare used

to describe groups of two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, and nine musicians,

respectively.

A common duet is formed by a polyphonic instrument (e.g. piano, harp,

guitar, harpsichord) and a melodic one ( e.g. flute, trumpet, oboe,violin)

A standard ensemble is the string trio (violin, viola, cello) and piano trio(piano, violin, cello).

A common quartet is thestring quartet, composed oftwo violins, a violaand a violoncello. Remains the best-known chamber genre and ensemble.

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M JOSE PEREZ

The most usual quintet is the string quintet,similar to the string quartet, but

with the viola duplicated. In some cases, though, it is the violoncello that is

duplicated. Apiano quintetis usually a string quartet plus apiano.

Another fairly common grouping in classical music are the wind quintet,

usually consisting offlute, oboe, clarinet,bassoon andhorn, and the Brass

quintet (two trumpets, horn, trombone and tuba ) .

A group with more instruments is usually called anorchestra. A small

orchestra is called a chamber orchestra. The chamber orchestra, usually

with fewer than 25 musicians, is often used for 18th-century music and

usually requires a conductor.

2. Symphony Orchestra

A symphony orchestra is a large body of several tens and often

more that a hundred musicians, divided in groups of instruments:violins(I and II),violas,violoncellos,basses, woodwinds,brass,percussion, and sometimes more.

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M JOSE PEREZ

There is no difference between Symphonic, Philharmonic, and similarly titled

orchestras. These are only names used to distinguish different symphony orchestras. A

Sinfoniettausually denotes a somewhat smaller orchestra (though still not a chamberorchestra), and the termsconcert orpops orchestrausually mean an orchestra

concentrating mainly on the light classical and more popular repertoire.

A string orchestra has only strings, i.e., violins, violas, violoncellos andbasses.

3. POPULAR ENSEMBLES A group that playspopular music is usually called a band. It is a group of

instrumental musicians who generally perform outdoors, and whoincorporate movement - usually some type of marching - with theirmusical performance. It is composed by aerophones, idiophonesand membranophones instruments without any chordophoneinstrument. Their repertorie is varied: classical, zarzuelas, filmssoundtrack, military marchs

Band of cornets and drums. Are used in Easters processions in some

regions of Spain.

Tuna. Its a type ofRondalla is formed only by plucked string instruments

like bandurrias, lutes andguitars.

Pop and Rock band. A standard quartet formation in pop and rockmusic is an ensemble consisting of two electric guitars, a bassguitar, and a drum kit. This configuration is sometimes modifiedby using a keyboard instrument(e.g., organ, piano, synthesizer) or

a soloing instrument (e.g., saxophone) in place of the secondelectric guitar.

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InJazz andJazz fusion music quartets are widely used.A standard quartet formation in jazz is an ensemble consisting of a"horn" (e.g., saxophone, trumpet, etc.), a chordal instrument (e.g.,electric guitar, piano, Hammond organ, etc.), a bass instrument(e.g., double bass or bass guitar) and a drum kit. Thisconfiguration is sometimes modified by using a second "horn" inplace of the chordal instrument, or by using two chordalinstruments (e.g., piano and electric guitar).

Other traditional ensembles of other countries:

Bali and Java-

A gamelanis an ensemble of musicians playing metalophonesand gongs.

China- Afrique-

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M JOSE PEREZ

Japan-