Industrial Times Darwin’s Theory

A LOOK INSIDE

Charles’ Darwin’s book on

his new theory.

A look back at

the war of

1812.

William talks about

current fashion in

his column.

New machines

for sale, check

classified section

for more info.

Rewind and

look at how

transportation

has evolved in

recent years.

December 13, 2013. Brock S. and Barron A.

The Theory of Evolution

Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin On the Origin of the Species

will not allow an infinite number of beings to survive. Darwin spends most of the later chapters of the book defending against criticism and gives detailed examples of how natural selection occurs. The geological record, however, is an formidable impediment to Darwin’s theory, as the existing fossil records do not provide the “missing links” that Darwin proposes. Darwin dared to challenge the claims of religion and science, something few men have done.

diverged. Darwin’s interest in these variations however, is the way they allow species to adapt and survive in the world, such as the woodpeckers’ beak, or the bat’s wings. Natural selection is the key component of Darwin’s theory. It explains the relationship between variation and the eventual evolution of a species. Darwin also argues that the possibility of infinite growth of population sizes is checked by the limits of geography and natural resources, which

Charles Darwin, an English naturalist and geologist, has just released a new book titled On the Origin of the Species. It was released on November 24, 1859. Little did people know, but this book would introduce one of the most controversial subjects to date. In this book , Charles theory on the origin of the species is based on the notion of variation. It Argues that the different traits and adaptations that differentiate species from each other, and how species evolved over time and gradually

Dear William,

Lately

my clothes have

been getting run

down, and I’m

wondering whether

or not I should

invest some money

into new clothes.

From,

Harry.

Dear Harry,

Yes, I do

believe that you

should spend some

money buying

yourself some new

clothes. The

invention of the

sewing machine has

made the cost of

clothing much

lower, and frankly

using the same old

clothes over and

over again gets

fairly disgusting.

From,

William

Dear William,

I am not

very well educated in

the current trends,

could you please tell

me what some fashions

that are popular?

From,

Cole

Dear Cole,

Clothing is

becoming more

complex nowadays so

patterns and comfort

are both huge

concerns. Men’s

clothes are still

outwardly simple,

but the complex

structure allows for

it to still fall

smoothly on the

human body.

Women’s style is

much more

complex, with the

invention of the

sewing machine

allowing for much

more complex

designs, like

ruffles, decorations,

and petticoats. If

you were thinking

of buying a present

for a woman, then

you’ll want to get

her a colorful dress

with lots of ruffles.

If you’re buying for

yourself, I suggest

something smooth,

simple, and black

colored.

From,

William

Ask William

Mary Shelley

Eulogy

Today we are we

are including this eulogy

of Mary Wollstonecraft

Shelly, one of the greatest

literical minds of our time.

She died February 1st,

1851 from a brain tumor.

She is known for being

the writer of great books

such as Frankenstein,

Mathilda, The Last Man,

and many, many more.

Mary was born on August

30, 1797 in Somers Town,

London, England. She

was the daughter of

William Godwin, a

journalist, philosopher,

and novelist, who Mary

most likely inherited her

amazing writing skills

from, and Mary

Wollstonecraft, an

educator and feminist

philosopher who died only

11 days after Mary

Shelley’s birth. She was

raised and educated by her

father, who taught her and

her sister to write from a

very early age. Mary

became a short story

writer, novelist, and

biographer. Having

written Frankenstein at

only age 21, she continued

to write great texts until

her death.

Eulogy

Indian tribes against

America’s expansion, and

outrage over insults to

national honor after the

UK caused humiliations

on the High seas. The

war was fought in three

main areas, being the

seas, the American-

Canadian frontier, and the

American South and Gulf

Coast. This war brought

great pride to the citizens

of the US, a sense of

euphoria was produced at

the end of the war, as

Americans saw the War

Today we are

going to be taking a look

back at the great war of

1812. For those who don’t

know, the War of 1812

was a 32-month long

conflict between the

United States and the

United Kingdom. It

started because the US

declared war on the UK

for multiple reasons,

including trade

restrictions due to

Britain’s ongoing war

with France. British

support of American

The War of 1812

of 1812, as almost a

second war of

independence. The war

also inspired the national

anthem, “The Star-

Spangled Banner”. The

war ended when both the

US and the UK signed the

Treaty of Ghent, which

stated that the two nations

were brought to status

quo ante bellum, which

means that it restored the

borders of the two

countries back to before

the commencement of

hostilities.

The

growth of our society

in this age depends

on our ability to

transport raw

materials and goods

over long distances.

The three main types

of transportation that

we use are

waterways, roads,

and railroads. These

allowed us to get

goods to the Western

United States much

quicker than ever

before. As of now,

transportation by

water is the cheapest,

so our government is

spending time

widening canals so

more boats can pass

through. A recent

invention in

shipbuilding, the

steamboat, has

drastically decreased

the amount of time it

Water Transportation

takes to get goods

such as water to the

Western United

States. Since not

all of the West can

crushed rocks in

thin layers. Then

later on, Thomas

Telford made new

roads with large flat

stones that were

used as a

foundation, which

allowed wagons to

ride much more

smoothly . Roads

are still being

improved upon

today. Railroads

and steam

locomotives also

allowed for fast

transportation of

goods. All of these

methods allowed

water to be

transported much

more efficiently to

the western states

that had no water

sources, allowing

more land to

become habitable.

be reached by boat,

there have also

been innovations in

land transportation.

One of these

inventions was

macadam road

surfaces, which

were made up of

Joseph Lister An Inside Look With

Sir Joseph Lister has spent

his entire life intrigued by

surgery, and seeing how he

has now become a major

innovator in the medical

field, we decided to send our

ace reporter, Professor

Brock, to ask him a few

questions.

Q: So Sir Lister, let’s start

off with me asking; where

you were born?

A: I was born in Essex, a

county in England to the

north-east of London.

Q: You say you were

interested in surgery at a

young age, why was this?

A: I think the main reason

that the concept of surgery

intrigued me was being able

to help and save people who

would otherwise not survive.

I was also present at the first

surgical procedure that was

carried out under anesthetics,

which I believe was in 1846.

Q: What education did you

receive in the medical fields?

A: Well the main start of my

studies would be when I

became a fellow in the Royal

College of Surgeons in 1852

after passing all of my

examinations in London. After

that I was told to visit the

Professor of Clinical Surgery,

James Syme, in Edinburgh. I

decided to go, and then soon

became his dresser, then his

house surgeon, and then his

son-in-law. More recently

however I moved to Glasgow

in 1860 and became an official

Professor of Surgery, where I

read Pasteur’s work on micro-

organisms and began

experimenting.

Q: What type of experiments

did you do, and what results

did they yield?

A: I experimented using one of

Pasteur’s proposed techniques;

exposing the wound to

chemicals. Which eventually

led to me finding out that

dressings soaked with carbolic

acid, used to cover the wound,

vastly reduced the rate of

infection. I then experimented

with hand-washing, and

sterilizing the surgical

instruments. The successful

results in turn led to my

publishing of The Antiseptic

Principle of the Practice of

Surgery. Many countries

adopted my principles and

greatly lowered infection

rates worldwide.

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Dear Editor,

My name is

Ruth Keats, and I am

currently living inside of

New York city with my

husband and son.

When I was

younger, I lived on a farm

with my mother, father, and

siblings. Around the age of

10, my father decided that it

would be better for my

family to move to the city,

they took me along with

them. I have not left the city

since then.

My father’s

main motivation for moving

was that the farmland was

running dry, and we were

running out of money, so we

moved to New York so my

father could get a job in the

factories.

Surprisin-gly

food became much more

available in the city than it

was on our farm. On the

farm we had to sell a

majority of the food we grew

each year so we could afford

other necessities , but here in

the city, we are able to

afford food in addition to

the necessities we need with

the pay that my father and

brothers got.

Now I live

with my husband and son

who both work in factories,

so that we can afford to eat.

The factories don’t have the

safe conditions I would like

them to, but without the

money we would go broke.

Their time in the factory is

spent working on parts for

the new railway systems that

are being invented. As you

may know, these machines

are designed to make

shipping good s and travel

much faster.

They make it

easier to get food to and

from farms, which will

make it much easier for

farmers to sell their crops, as

they won’t have to pay as

much for food, and I think

that is an incredible way to

help out farmers.

The

invention of canned

foods has also helped with

getting fresh food to farms.

However there are also other

concerns with the food that

is being sold. People are

now practicing a technique

called food adulteration,

which is when companies

who have a difficult time

dealing with a shortage of

materials bulk up their food

items with questionable

fillers. Mostly tea

companies are doing this,

sometimes they even sent

out scavengers to go retrieve

used tea leaves from the

trash bins of restaurants so

they can be reused.

I find this to

be a very disgusting and

cheap thing to do, and I

would like to ask if there is

anything that you could do,

or anyone you could contact

who would have a way of

stopping this unsanitary

practice. Perphaps a food

sanitation group could be

founded.

From,

Ruth Keats

FRANZ LISZT Rejected!

According to our sources,

one of the greatest composers and

pianists of our time has just been

rejected by the daughter of a cabinet

minister! He fell in love with the girl,

however her father quickly intervened

and married her off to a more socially

acceptable suitor. Looks like Liszt

should just stick to his composing!

However, with the recent death of his

father combined with his rejection, it

is unknown whether he will be able to

compose in his depressed state. I

guess we’ll find out soon enough.

http://www.costumes.org/classes/fashiondress/IndustrialRevolution.htm http://www.industrialrevolutionresearch.com/industrial_revolution_transportation.php http://www.saburchill.com/history/chapters/IR/069.html https://crosswordlabs.com/ http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/josephlister.aspx http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/IndustrialRevolutionandtheStandardofLiving.html http://wathatcher.iweb.bsu.edu/childlabor/ http://www.mylearning.org/everyday-life-in-the-industrial-revolution/p-2355/ http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/amcm/hd_amcm.htm http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/lecture17a.html http://library.thinkquest.org/4132/info.htm http://www.galbithink.org/fw.htm http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Industrial_Revolution.html http://library.thinkquest.org/C004470/politics.htm http://resources.chuh.org/chhs/library/teacherweb/socialstudies/worldhistory/industrialrevolutinventors.htm#Textile http://www.ushistory.org/us/22a.asp http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1981/2/81.02.06.x.html http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/ http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/mod/modsbook14.asp#The%20Industrial%20Revolution http://www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk/learning_modules/history/01.TU.01/?section=2

December 13, 2013.