improving pavement performance part 1
DESCRIPTION
Improving Pavement Performance Part 1. V2. Introduction. New Pavement design Procedure Asset management Funding and pavement maintenance New technologies. New SAPDM. Also know as…. History – Damage models. Fatigue of asphalt wearing courses (Freeme – 1970s) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Improving Pavement
PerformancePart 1
V2
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Surface Treatments #1
• New Pavement design Procedure
• Asset management• Funding and pavement
maintenance• New technologies
www.aapa.asn.au
IntroductionIntroduction
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Surface Treatments #1
• Also know as…
www.aapa.asn.au
New SAPDMNew SAPDM
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
History – Damage models
• Fatigue of asphalt wearing courses (Freeme – 1970s)
• Fatigue of asphalt base layers including temperature (Published data – 1970s to 1980s)
• Permanent deformation for unbound material (Maree – 1970s to 1980s)
• Effective fatigue and crushing failure for cement stabilized layers (de Beer – 1980s)
• Vertical strain criteria for subgrade (Dorman and Metcalf – 1965)
1970’s – 1980’s
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
History of pavement performance in South-Africa
• Isolated from international community: late 1970’s to mid 1990’s• Oil ??
• Thick asphalt pavements NO-NO• $$$ ??
• Need to stretch every cent• Force innovation
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Problems with current method
• Past implementation exposed all the weaknesses of the method
• Users became disillusioned with the method• Counter-intuitive and inadmissible results• Extreme sensitivity of the method to input• Inconsistent input
• Resilient response (FWD, MDD, Laboratory)• Strength parameters
• Outdated models• Too many unexplained effects (chaos)
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
R&D Dream #1: Close Gap Between Reality and Theory
TheoryReality
Rut
Terminal rut
Roughness
Terminal IRI
Extent of fatigue
Time
Adjust the Theory to Predict Reality
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
R&D Dream #2: Levelling the Playing Field
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Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4 Area 5 Area 6 Area 7 Area 8 Area 9 Area 10
Le
ve
l of
De
ve
lop
me
nt
Overall system just as good as Weakest Link
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
R&D Dream #3: Single “Tool” – Different User/Risk Levels
Young professional
Seasoned professional
Design Specialist
Design scenario:• Routine and preliminary design• Low risk• Low design experience• Known materials – default input• Conventional material classification
Design scenario:• Important design• Medium risk • Seasoned professional designer• Project specific input
Design scenario:• Very important design, high risk• Special investigations • Specialist designer• Unusual materials• Project specific input
User Design application
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Process
• May 2005: RPF initiate process• November 2005: P&R framework established• November 2006: Project briefs ready• February 2008 – PPIS
• revisit LTPP sections
• Three horizons of deliverables:• Short: 12 to 18 months• Med: 5 to 8 years• Long: 8 to 12 years
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Concept
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
It will include:
• Traffic loading predictions• Material resilient response• Pavement resilient response• Damage models• Probalistic and recursive schemes
• Predict pavement response/performance, not E80’s
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Surface Treatments #1 www.aapa.asn.au
Asset ManagementAsset Management
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Surface Treatments #1
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2008 2013 2018 2023 2028
Year
Roa
d C
ondi
tion
Good
Fair
Poor
Very Poor(Typically Designed for Traffic Expected over 20-30 Years)
Two Roads, same condition & traffic – but only budget for one ?
AB
What is Asset Management ?
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Surface Treatments #1
Asset management: Why is it important?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Nat
ion
al
Ro
ad
Net
wo
rk L
en
gth
(C
arr
iag
ew
ay k
m)
Year
Pavement Age Trend
>25 yrs 21-25 yrs 16-20 yrs 11-15 yrs 6-10 yrs 0-5 yrs
75% of Network Older than Original 20 Year Design Life
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
0
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60
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100
2008 2013 2018 2023 2028
Year
Roa
d C
ondi
tion
What Is The Price We Pay (SANRAL)
Repair Cost = X / km
Good
Fair
Poor
Very Poor
3-5 Years
Repair Cost = 6X / km
5-8 Years
Repair Cost = 18X / km
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Very Poor Condition
Poor Condition
Good Condition
Good Poor
R 0
R 2
R 4
R 6
R 8
R 10
R 12
R 14
R 16
R 18
R 20
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
International Roughness Index (m/km)
Ro
ad U
ser
Co
st (R
/km
)
Toll Class 1
Toll Class 2
Toll Class 3
Toll Class 4
Based on HDM-4 Modeling
What Is The Price We Pay – Road UserWhat Is The Price We Pay – Road User
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Extending pavement life?
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2008 2013 2018 2023 2028
Year
Roa
d C
ondi
tion
Good
Fair
Poor
Very Poor
Maintenance Actions
No Maintenance
Moisture Ingress
(Typically Designed for Traffic Expected over 20-30 Years)
Road Deterioration due to Traffic Loading & Environment
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Asset management = planning
Degree of Planning
Ro
utin
e M
ain
ten
ance
Co
sts
Per
Yea
r (R
/m2 )
Preventative Maintenance Reactive Maintenance Total Maintenance
Optimal Zone
At SANRAL = R 4.50 / m2 per year
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Asset Management SystemBuilding Blocks/Puzzle Pieces of AMS
• Policy/Procedures – Principles/Rules to Guide Decisions and achieve rational outcomes – what, where, when, how.
• Funding – Financial resources for operation and results implementation.• People - People make decisions, the rest are just to support the process.• Hardware – Road Survey Equipment + IT Infrastructure.• Software – Computer based data Analysis and Storage Tools. • Data – Knowing what you have, its condition and performance Trend.
Hardware
Software
Data
People
FundingPolicy/Procedures
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
• For asset management to be successful all the “pieces of the puzzle” need to be in place in a “balanced equilibrium”
• It does not help you have the most advance survey vehicle but no means to effectively store and analyse the data, or
• Have the most sophisticate software, but the quality of your data is suspect !• Without Funding and People – Nothing will happen !!!
Hardware
Software
Data
People
Funding
Policy/Procedures
Asset Management System - SuccessSuccess
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Collect data
• Road condition• Roughness, Rutting, micro & macro texture,
cracking, alignment, ROW video, deflections
• Traffic• Counts, WIM, • Driver behaviour
• Bridges• Etc…
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Economic Analysis& Optimisation
Road Deterioration &Maintenance Effects
Road User Effects
Centralised Database
Dynamic Segmentation
Uniform Sections
AMS Software - Life Cycle Modelling
Condition Surveys
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
Performance prediction
• Use commercially available “off the shelf” software• HDM4• PERS• dTIMS
• Prediction models updated regularly• Calibrated against LTPP sections
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Surface Treatments #1
Good
Fair
Poor
Very Poor(Typically Designed for Traffic Expected over 20-30 Years)
Effect of intervention on pavement performance
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
SANRAL AMS Budgeting Procedure
Instrumental Data
CBA
Priority List
PMSRDME
RUE
Bridge Inspections
BMSBDME
RUE
CBA
Priority List
Traffic
Projected Total Volume (Sites)No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government Total
Sm. Systems 12,000 6,600 2,100 3,000 23,700Med. Systems 6,200 3100 560 950 10,810Lg. Systems 2,650 1850 180 400 5,080Total 20,850 11,550 2,840 4,350 39,590
Projected Total Revenue (billions of $)No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government Total
Sm. Systems $1.12 $0.62 $0.20 $0.28 $2.21Med. Systems $1.59 $0.80 $0.14 $0.24 $2.78Lg. Systems $1.80 $1.26 $0.12 $0.27 $3.46Total $4.52 $2.67 $0.46 $0.80 $8.45
Super Project List
Budget Optimisation
Projected Total Volume (Sites)No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government Total
Sm. Systems 12,000 6,600 2,100 3,000 23,700Med. Systems 6,200 3100 560 950 10,810Lg. Systems 2,650 1850 180 400 5,080Total 20,850 11,550 2,840 4,350 39,590
Projected Total Revenue (billions of $)No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government Total
Sm. Systems $1.12 $0.62 $0.20 $0.28 $2.21Med. Systems $1.59 $0.80 $0.14 $0.24 $2.78Lg. Systems $1.80 $1.26 $0.12 $0.27 $3.46Total $4.52 $2.67 $0.46 $0.80 $8.45
EasternProjected Total Volume (Sites)
No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government TotalSm. Systems 12,000 6,600 2,100 3,000 23,700Med. Systems 6,200 3100 560 950 10,810Lg. Systems 2,650 1850 180 400 5,080Total 20,850 11,550 2,840 4,350 39,590
Projected Total Revenue (billions of $)No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government Total
Sm. Systems $1.12 $0.62 $0.20 $0.28 $2.21Med. Systems $1.59 $0.80 $0.14 $0.24 $2.78Lg. Systems $1.80 $1.26 $0.12 $0.27 $3.46Total $4.52 $2.67 $0.46 $0.80 $8.45
SouthernProjected Total Volume (Sites)
No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government TotalSm. Systems 12,000 6,600 2,100 3,000 23,700Med. Systems 6,200 3100 560 950 10,810Lg. Systems 2,650 1850 180 400 5,080Total 20,850 11,550 2,840 4,350 39,590
Projected Total Revenue (billions of $)No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government Total
Sm. Systems $1.12 $0.62 $0.20 $0.28 $2.21Med. Systems $1.59 $0.80 $0.14 $0.24 $2.78Lg. Systems $1.80 $1.26 $0.12 $0.27 $3.46Total $4.52 $2.67 $0.46 $0.80 $8.45
NorthernProjected Total Volume (Sites)
No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government TotalSm. Systems 12,000 6,600 2,100 3,000 23,700Med. Systems 6,200 3100 560 950 10,810Lg. Systems 2,650 1850 180 400 5,080Total 20,850 11,550 2,840 4,350 39,590
Projected Total Revenue (billions of $)No. America Europe Asia-Pacific Government Total
Sm. Systems $1.12 $0.62 $0.20 $0.28 $2.21Med. Systems $1.59 $0.80 $0.14 $0.24 $2.78Lg. Systems $1.80 $1.26 $0.12 $0.27 $3.46Total $4.52 $2.67 $0.46 $0.80 $8.45
Western
Programming Programming Programming Programming
Pavement Management System Bridge Management System
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Surface Treatments #1
• Before 1994o Provincial road maintenance
allocated nationally
• 1994 onwardso Provincial road maintenance
allocated provinciallyo Compete with Health, Education,
etc
• National roadso Nationally allocated
www.aapa.asn.au
Road maintenance fundingRoad maintenance funding
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
• New bill• provincial road maintenance not from provincial fiscus• Nationally via SANRAL• BUT: Provincial authorities to have asset management
system in place + data < 2 years old• Capital projects still from provincial fiscus
• Metros and municipalities to follow• Main reason Roads national asset
Future or Road maintenance funding in South Africa
Degree of Planning
Ro
utin
e M
ain
ten
ance
Co
sts
Per
Yea
r (R
/m2 )
Preventative Maintenance Reactive Maintenance Total Maintenance
Optimal Zone
At SANRAL = R 4.50 / m2 per year
AAPA 2011 Study Tour – Improving Pavement Performance #1
End of part 1