import export project

7/28/2019 import export project

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EXPORT

DOCUMENTATIONTRANSPORT DOCUMENT

EXCHANGE CONTROL

DOCUMENT.

PAYMENT

DOCUMENT.

MISCELLANEOUS DOCUMENT

CUSTOMS DOCUMENT

CERTIFICATE

INVOICE


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TYPE OF CONTAINER USED INTYPE OF CONTAINER USED IN

SHIPMENTSHIPMENT

TANKSTANKS OPEN TOPSOPEN TOPS

ROOLTRALERSROOLTRALERS

DRY CONTAINERDRY CONTAINERFLAT RACKSFLAT RACKS

HIGHCUBEHIGHCUBE

BULKERSBULKERSREEFERSREEFERS


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Submitted by

Sagar AnandPGDM IBRoll No-05

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF PGDM IN INTERNATIONAL

BUSINESS FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR -2008-10.

Under the guidance of

PIMSR, NEW PANVEL

PILLAIS INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES & RESEARCH

NEW PANVEL, NAVI MUMBAI

(Arecognized institute and given A rank by NACC and affiliated to AICTE)

EXPORT PROCESSANDDOCUMENTATIONPROJECT REPORT

This project report entitled Process and

Documentation based on my knowledgeand two month work experience with


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committed Eagal maratime Pvt. Ltd. as asummer trainee.


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COVER PAGEACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Life of human beings is full of interactions.No one is self-sufficient by himself whenever anyone is doingsome serious and important work a lot of help from the peopleconcerned is needed & one less specially obliged towards them. Icannot forget acknowledging them in few words as without theguidance & co-ordination of them in my project report would nothave been possible.

A large number of individual contributed to thisproject. I am thankful to all of them for their help andencouragement. My writing in this project report has also been

influenced by a number of website and standard textbooks. Asfar as possible, they have been fully acknowledged at theappropriate place .I express my gratitude to all of them.

First of all I owe my heartfelt gratitude to my guideprof. Mr. Guha and prof. Bettyfor his noble guidance throughoutthe completion of the Project.

I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to Mr.Vikram singh rawat, Branch Manager of committed cargo pvt. Ltd.Navi Mumbai Branch for giving me an opportunity to work on thisproject.

I would also like to thank Ms. Kirti, Senior Executive, ofcommitted cargo pvt. Ltd. for his guidance, inspiration, andconstructive suggestions, which helped me in the Project.

I must also thank the management of committed cargopvt. Ltd. to provide excellent opportunity and environment to beable to pull my project through. Cooperation of the staff is alsogratefully acknowledged.

Last but not least, also give my sincere thanks to allthe people to directly indirectly have help and encourage me infinding the way to us collecting the requisite information andcompleting the project effectively and timely.

Ajay Hande

MMSRoll no. - 19


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GUIDE CERTIFICATE

TO WHOMESOEVER IT MAY CONCERN

Thisis to certify that the project report titled

Export Process and Documentation Offered

by Committed cargo Pvt. Ltd.

has been prepared

by Sagar Anand, Roll No.- 05, a student of

PGDM

(Post Graduation Diploma in Management),session (2008-10) with International Business as

major area of specialization. The study was

conducted with special reference to committed

cargo care Pvt. Ltd. C.B.D. Belapur, Navi

Mumbai. I recommend this project for evaluation.

Place:

Date: (Dr. R. Chandran)Director


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INDEXPage

No.

Important Abbreviations 6

Introduction of study 9

Objective of study 12

Research Methodology 13

Research Design 14

Scope of the Project15

Limitations of the study 16

Company Profile 17

Organization Chart 25

Benefits Given by company26

Theoretical background 27

Data Analysis and Interpretations58

Findings 68

Bibliography 72


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Glossary 73

Important Abbreviations

INTRODUCTION OF STUDY

This project is all about to know about export import

procedure/ documentation of shipment. This project puts

more focus on to know custom clearness, to make export

- import invoice, to get shipping bill number from custom

department etc. This project will also find out how

Committed cargo Pvt. Ltd. could sustain in the

competitive world by providing vast range of cargo

handling through all instruments which flexible prompt

and innovative in meeting the requirement of the

customer. The purpose of the study was to know about


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export import documentation of seaway in the

committed cargo Pvt. Ltd.

The India International Coir Fair-2009, which iscoinciding with the golden jubilee celebrations of theCentral Coir Research Institute, is expected to givefurther fillip to coir exports from the country by providingbetter visibility to coir products in the global market. Thecelebration of the International Year of the Natural Fibreis also expected to draw greater attention to coir and coirproducts.

Exceeding target

At a meeting of representatives of the coir exporters withthe Board officials to discuss issues related to exports, MrV.S. Vijayaraghavan, Chairman of Coir Board, thankedexporters for their collective efforts in surpassing theexport target last year, both in quantity and value,despite tremendous odds and conspicuous globalimpediments.

Forex Earnings

Indian coir exports during 2008-09 had touched 1,94,791tonnes valued at Rs 634 crore, exceeding the target setfor the year.

Coir export was 1,87,566 tonnes valued at Rs 592 croreduring the previous year.

Performance hopes

With the conduct of the India International Coir Fair-2009and the celebration of the International Year of NaturalFibre, the Coir Board was confident of better performancethis year.


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Mr Vijayaraghavan hoped that the Coir ExportersFederation would play a leading role in enhancing thegrowth of the coir industry in all its dimensions andassured of the board's full support in taking timely action

to redress the problems of the exporters.

The need to obtain timely governmental sanction toparticipate in overseas fairs to achieve greater mileagein the export market, setting up of a container freightstation at Pollalchi, Tamil Nadu, in view of its growingcontribution to exports and increasing the frequency ofthe meeting of exporters with Board officials alsoreceived attention at the meeting held on Monday. It was

decided to hold the next executive committee meeting ofthe Board at Bangalore on May 26.

Sales turnover

The 30-odd Coir Board showrooms spread over thecountry had achieved a sales turnover of Rs 11.19 crore,accounting for 86.10 per cent of the Rs 13-crore target

fixed for the year 2008-09. The meeting also consideredsuggestions to revamp these showrooms and salesdepots through out the country in tune with the growingexpectations of all sections, especially the upper strataof society in order to remain competitive in the domesticmarket. In this background, Mr Vijayaraghavan wasconfident of achieving the revised sales target of Rs 15crore set for the showrooms in the country for the currentyear.


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OBJ ECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main objectives of the research were:

To know about export import process.

To know what are the documents required before

and after sailing the cargo.


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To know different type of container used in

shipment.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Collect data/information about cargothrough:

Primary data collection:-


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E-mail

Telephone

Invoice

Packing List

Secondary data collection:-

Invoice

Packaging list

Shipping bill

Internet

RESEARCH DESIGN

Research design is the based framework, which provides

guidelines for the research process. It is a map or blue print

according to which the research is to be conducts. The research

design specifies the methods for data collection & data analysis

determine the source of data. Most specifically it was a kind of


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Descriptive conclusive research who takes care of who,

when, where, what, how and why aspects of the investigation

further the researcher used the statistical method to serve he

purpose of project, it permitted the research to derive moreaccurate generalization whose reliability could be measured.

CENTRE : ALL OVER INDIA

RESEARCH : EXPLORATORY

RESEARCH TECHNIQUE : QUALITATIVE & QUANNTATIVE

TOOL USED : TELEPHONIC & E-MAIL

DATA SOURCE : PRIMARY & SECONDARY

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of marketing research could cover the business

problems relating to the followings.

Types of consumers that compromise present and potential markets.


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Buying habits and pattern of consumption

Size and location of different markets, not only in India but also

overseas.

The prospects for growth or construction for the current markets

being served.

New mantras of emerging segments.

Marketing and manufacturing capabilities of competitors.

Most suitable entry timing.

The current and prospective competitive position.

Chances of improvement of current channels.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY


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Not a panacea

Not an exact science

Limitation of time

Erroneous findings

Not exact tool for forecasting

In experience research staff

Narrow conception of marketing research

COMPANY PROFILE

INTRODUCTION OF THE ORGANIZATION

Overview


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An ISO 9001:2000 Company Incorporated head quarterin the national capital Delhi, India and specializes in handlingImport & Export Cargo. Earning and maintaining a reputation fordependable and complete worldwide cargo movement solutions

with the motto Customer Pride achieved this longevity in thevolatile cargo industry.Committed Group has established its hub at Los Angeles, Toronto,Shanghai, Mumbai, Jaipur, Ludhiana and a reliable network ofassociate offices in India and world over and is specialized inforwarding of cargos choosing the most convenient and costeffective transportation method by air, courier, sea and truck anytime & anywhere around the globe.

Committed Group management has the right mix of experienceand commitment and is fast to adapt to new emerging technology.Its well-established network and tracking software enables toprovide fast and reliable information to its client. Thus capable ofhandling

Packaging

Warehousing

Freight forwarding

Clearance of Export and Import Cargo

Commercial, Diplomatic and Non-DiplomaticConsignment.

Projects

Mission Statement

To be focused as a pro-active cargo gateway by anticipating andreacting to each stage of a shipment's transit with commitmentand to experience strategic growth of a highly respected andrecognized cargo company in the Industry.

Team


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The Committed Group management team brings together leaderswith a wealth of expertise from various industries, includingtransportation, logistics, cargo management, professional servicesand customer service.

These individuals form a strong foundation thatprovides vision and support to a growing team of talented,dedicated professionals working to adopt and deliver professionalfreight forwarding solutions and custom clearance.

The Operational team at Committed Group comprising of morethan 50 in-house trained energetic and aggressive group ofemployees with several years of experience in the internationalfreight forwarding plus an protracted experience in the reputableshipping lines and airlines.

Thus, with strong gamut of professional from cargo industry under

one roof help Committed Group to adopt the "Total Freight

Management" approach, a feature of which is the handling of

client cargo on a door-to-door basis.

This approach ensures the correct management of

cargo in a cost-efficient and professional way at competitive price

and feels Committed Group is the RIGHT PARTNER FOR YOU.

Services

Air Freight

Custom Clearance

Document Processing

Multi Modal Facility

3 PL & Supply Chain Management

Packaging & Warehousing

Tracking & Tracing


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Delivery of the Cargo through Multimodal facility

This is done after completion of various documentation andformalities after the arrival of the shipment at destination.

The Cargo delivery is subject to various terms and conditions to befulfilled by the consignee as listed below:

1. Payment of all applicable charges to the delivery agent of thecarrier.2. On presentation of Duly Endorsed Original Bill of Lading (for Sea

/ Ocean Shipments).3. For Air shipments, an Authority Letter is required.4. Original DIC.5. In case of shipments under L/C, the designated Bank need toendorse the Bill of Lading or issue

A Bank Release Order in favour of the carrier.Committed Group as an MTO undertakes to perform or to procurethe performance of all acts necessary to ensure delivery of thegoods / cargo with responsibility:

(a) When the MT document has been issued in a negotiableform "to bearer", to the person surrendering one original ofthe document, or

(b) When the MT document has been issued in a negotiableform "to order", to the person surrendering one original of thedocument duly endorsed, or

(c) When the MT document has been issued in a negotiable formto a named person, to that person upon

Proof of his identity and surrender of one original document; ifsuch document has been transferred "to Order" or in blank theprovisions of (b) above apply, or

(d) When the MT document has been issued in a non-negotiableform, to the person named as consignee in the document uponproof of his identity, or

(e) When no document has been issued, to a person as instructedby the consignor or by a person who has acquired the consignor's

or the consignee's rights under the multimodal transport contract


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to give such instructions.

Period of responsibility

The responsibility of Committed Cargo Care Pvt. Ltd. as aMultimodal Transport Operator (MTO) for the goods under theseRules covers the period from the time the MTO has taken thegoods in his charge to the time of their delivery.

The multimodal transport operator shall be responsible forthe acts and omissions of its employee or agents, when any suchemployee or agent is acting within the scope of his employment,or of any other person of whose services he makes use for theperformance of the contract, as if such acts and omissions were

his own.

Packaging & Warehousing

Packaging at Committed Group

Committed Group employs professional packers andexperienced supervisors who are trained packing and packaging.

We specialize in handling fragile / heavy / oversized cargo. Forpackaging, we use material like craft paper / soft papers,corrugated rolls & boxes, air bubble pack rolls, polythene &polypropylene, and masking tape, etc. depending upon therequirement.

We design fabrication and assembly of crating material forpackaging machinery and equipment for storage or shipment andusage of correct primary protective packing materials to insulatemachinery and equipment from moisture, corrosion and excessiveshock. Crating and the use of machines to execute packing and

moving operations has resulted in accolades and sustainedpatronage by clients in India and abroad.Warehousing at Committed Group

Committed Group offer warehousing facilities to support export

- import activities. The warehousing facilities are very helpful to

accelerate the transportation of goods, especially for cargos with

LCL Status. We use authorised warehouses located worldwide.


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Further to our covered warehousing facilities are provided for

storing of FMCG, industrial and high-end sophisticated products on

transit. The warehouses are equipped with dedicated loading and

unloading bays.At Committed Group storage areas of warehouses are demarcated

to identify each location. Our distribution centres offer ample

space for palletizing, crating and packing services according to

customers specifications.

3 PL & Supply Chain Management

At Committed Group, we define functional experience,expertise, speed, flexibility, and ingenuity to manage your freightefficiently everytime.

As an experienced provider of 3PL (Third Party Logistics) 24x 7, we provide a total supply chain solution for your logistics andfreight management needs. Our ongoing goal is to simplify theshipping process for our clients by finding the best rates and thensmoothly coordinating all aspects of the shipment from pick-up toship to delivery for our E2E, B2E, B2B, B2C and C2C clientele base.

At Committed Group, we practice logistics. We can developa comprehensive project plan for your organization, deploy aproject team, and remain with your team through theimplementation and start-up. We analyze existing processes, frominitiation of an order through fulfillment, and evaluate modalselection, carrier utilization, and existing cost structures. Weformulate a customized solution for your unique needs.Committed group is a hub-based third party fulfilment and logisticscompany servicing both domestic and international needs.

Services include: Complete Supply Chain Operations:

End-to-End

Full Case Pick Modules

Split Case Pick Modules

Tilt Tray Sorter

Sliding Shoe Sorter

CAPS Line


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Pick-to-Light

Kitting

Product/Process QA Management

Performance-driven Controls

Standard and Customized Reporting

Inventory control

Private and Public Delivery Network

Invoicing

Call Centre Support

Diverse Product Categories Returns processing

Assembly and inbound / outbound freight management.

Accounts Management, and advanced in-house SystemsSupport.

A-frame and Real-Time RF-Controlled Inventory System

Along with state-of-the-art distribution, our 3PL and SCMservices offers clients around the clock full service fulfilmentsupport. Additional services available: extensive print support,product packaging and ware housing.

Our 3PL solution and Supply Chain Management enables costsavings and better route planning

Ability to connect customers and their supply chain partnersthrough a real-time information hub

10-15% reduction in transportation costs

Real-time monitoring of inventory, orders and events

Intelligent order sourcing across multiple stocking locations


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10-15% cost improvement for fleets

Tracking & Tracing

Committed Group big advantages offer to our customers is

the one stop online track and trace facility. Through this site you

now have the ability to monitor your consignments online or web

access at any time, day or night, without the need to constantly

refer back to your forwarder. Our system offers access on a 24/7

basis for all consignments shipped by road, sea and air.

Updated daily, the moment you entrust your consignment

given a reference number and subsequently logged on our system

the same day. All customers are assigned unique login details to

allow immediate tracking of their consignments. The unique login

codes ensure total security by baring others from viewing the

same information. The accessible information is kept on a secure

location and is accessed through a strict password system. The

information available from our track and trace facility is flexible

and can be tailored to your individual needs. Thus, a global

network of contacts and our combined wealth of experience

ensure that your shipments are transported effectively and

efficiently. Committed Group Track and Trace facility is available for

obtaining your freight consignment status with most major

Airlines.


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ORGANISATION CHART

BENEFITS GIVEN BY COMPANY

Origin Pickup/Trucking.

Warehousing if required.


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Customs Clearance & Documentation atorigin.

Origin charges payable like THC, B/L Feeetc.

Carriage by Sea or Air by payment ofFreight.

Inland Trucking if required.

Customs Clearing of goods at destinationand Warehousing if need be.

Door Delivery of the cargo.

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

LOGISTICS SYSTEM


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Logistics is defined by the council of Logistics, Ohio USA asthe

Process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, co-effective flow and storage flow and storage of raw materials, inprocess inventory finished goods and related information frompoint of origin to point consumption. More simply, the objective ofLogistics System is that the right products reach the right place inthe right quantity at the right time to satisfy customer demand.

ELEMENTS OF LOGISTICS SYSTEM

Nature of Product

Location of Manufacturing Plant

Availability of infrastructure such as Road

Availability of different modes of transportation

Dealer/Distributor Network

Government Policy

ELEMENTS OF LOGISTICS SYSTEM

MODE OF TRANSPORTATION

AIR TRANSPORT

OCEAN TRANSPORT

RAIL TRANSPORT


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ROAD TRANSPORT

OCEAN TRANSPORT

More than 95 per cent of international trade is conduced by sea

routes since ancient times, sea routes are being used for

transportation of cargo from one continent or country to Coastal

shipping is also used for transporting the cargo from one port

within the country to another.

For example in India the cargo can be transported from

Chennai port to Visakhapatnam port using the costal shipping

route.

Sea routes are used for carrying bulj

commodities like such as coaling and thermal coal mires,

fertilizers rock phosphate etc, and liquid go like crude oil

ammonium acids etc Ideally the goods with high volume andkiw vakye are suited die ocean transport in the era of

containerisation even the high value cargo can be safely

enabled the cargo carrying capacities of the ship to increase

many fold.

In 1956, the first containerised ship

belonging to sea land corp. carried 58 twenty feet containers.

The modern ships have the capacity to carry 7000 containers.

One of the biggest ships owned by Maersk-

sea land is 1,138 feet long from end to end and 140 feet wide

at mid ship. Such ships are called Post-Panamax ship.


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Cargo ship categorised into followings:-

Liners ships : Liners ship represent the organized

sector of the shipping industries due to their fixed schedules of

arrival and departure, Pre-determined voyages and trade routes

and published ocean freight rates. Liner shipping is governed by

shipping conference and offers the following advantage to

shippers:-

Regular sailings to scheduled ports of call.

Stable freight rates for a long period of time which helps

the shipper to quote C & F prices with confidence.

Uniform rates for all shippers.

Coverage of wide range of ports.

Rebates of freight rates based on loyalty agreements.

Tramp ships:-Tramp ships on the other hand have

the following characteristics

They are free to move anywhere on the high seas at their

will.

Their voyage routes and schedules are flexible.

They travel from the port to another port o various

trade routes looking for the cargo and carrying the same to various

routes looking for the cargo and carrying the same to various

destinations around the world.


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They arrive or depart without a fixed route or

schedule.

They fix their voyages according to availability of

cargo and as per the requirement of the shippers of

these cargoes.

The freight rates of tram ships depend upon the

demand and supply conditions in the shipping

industry. If there is a glut of shipping space the

tramp freight rates plummet. Whereas in case of

shortage of shipping space, the tramp freight rates

shoot up.

The cargo space on the tramps is booked by the

brokers located in major port cities like New York,

London, Rotterdam Hamburg, and Hong- Kong etc.

They work as a link between tramp operators and

shippers.

Actual User


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(a) Actual user (Industrial) :- Actual users (industrial) meansperson who utilises the imported goods formanufacturing in his own industrial unit ormanufacturing, for his own use in another unit including,a jobbing unit .

(b) Actual user (Non-industrlal) :- Actual user (non industrial)means a person who utilises the imported goods for hisown use in

any commercial establishment carrying onbusiness, trade or profession or any. laboratory, scientific research anddevelopment institution university or other educational institutionOF hospital; or . any service industry.

Non-actual user

Non-actual users include: Importers for Stock and Sale. Personal Impqrts. Imports' of Gifts~ etc.

Special Schemes for Importers

As per the latest EXIM Policy 2002-07, import of goods ispermissible under the following special schemes, designed forencouraging exports :

(a) Export Promotion Capital Goods Scheme (EPCG) :-EPCG scheme was

introduced by the EXIM policy of 1992-97 in order to enable

manufacturer exporter to import machinery and othercapital goods for export production at concessional or nocustoms duties at all. This facility is subject to exportobligation i.e, the exporter is required to guarantee exportscertain minimum value, which is in multiple of the value ofcapital goods imported.

(b) Duty Free Replenishment Certificate (DFRC}:-

DFRC is issued to a merchant exporter or manufacturerexporter for the duty free import of inputs such as rawmaterials components, intermediates, consumables, spareparts ,including packing materials to be used for export: production.


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Such certificate is subject to the fulfilment. of time bound exportobligation and is issued in respect of products covered. under thestandard Input,Output Norms (Sions)

(C) Duty Eritltleme.t Passbook Scheme (DEPB}:- under the

DEPB scheme an exporter may apply for credit as a specifiedpercentage of FOB value of exports,made in freely convertiblecurrency: The credit shall be available Against suchexport products and at such rates as may be specified by the

Director Generalof foreign Trade (DGF) by way of public noticeissued in this behalf, for import of raw materials, intermediates,components, parts, packaging materials, etc.

(D) Advance Licence :-An advance licence is issued for duty freeimport of components which are physically incorporated in theproducts manufactured for export. In addition, fuel, oil, energy,

catalysts, etc.which are consumed in the course of productionprocess may also be allowed.


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Pre-Import Procedure

(a) Selecting the Commodity :- An importer should select thecommodity for import after considering various commercialfactors as well as legal considerations including the regulationscontained in the EXIM Policy. Imports may be made freely exceptto the extent they are regulated by the provisions of the EXIMPolicy. Prohibited goods cannot be imported at all. Import ofrestricted items is permitted through licensing only whilecanalised items can be canalised through specified State TradingEnterprises (STEs).

(b) Selecting the Overseas Supplier :- Imports can be made

from any country of the world except Iraq. However, there shall beno ban on the import of items form Iraq in case where the priorapproval of the concerned sanction committee of the UN SecurityCouncil has been obtained. The information regarding overseassuppliers can be obtained from various trade directories,consulate generals, international trade fairs and exhibitions andchamber of commerce.

(c) Capability and Creditworthiness of Overseas Supplier :-Successful completion of an import transaction mainly dependsupon the capability of the overseas supplier to fulfil his contract.

Therefore, it is advisable to verify the creditworthiness of theoverseas supplier and his capacity to fulfil the contract throughconfidential reports about him.from the banks and Indianembassies abroad. It is. advisable to finalise contract throughfndenting agents of overseas suppliers situated in India.

(d) Role of Overseas Suppliers' Agents in India :- Somereputed overseas suppliers have their indenting agents stationedin India. These agents procure orders from the Indian parties andarrange for the supply of goods from their principal abroad. It isadvisable to import through such agents as they can be readilycontacted in case there is any dispute regarding quality orquantity of goods imported, receipt of payment, documentationformalities, etc.

e) Inquiry, Offer and Counter-offer :- It is advisable that beforefinalising the terms of import order, one should call for thesamples or catalogue andother relevant literature and the specifications of t,he items to beimported. Import of samples of goods is exempted from importduties under 'Geneva' Convention of 7th November 1952. Aftersatisfying himself with the samples and the creditworthiness ofthe overseas supplier, the iinporter should proceed to finalise theterms, of the contract to be entered into.


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Legal Dimensions of Import Procedure

(a) Finalisation of the Terms of Contract :- The. importcontract should be carefully and comprehensively draftedincorporating therein precise terms as well as all relevantconditions of the trade deal. There should not be any ambiguityregarding the exact specifications of the goods and terms of thepurchase including import price, mode of payment, type ofpackaging, port of shipment, delivery schedule, licence andpermits, discount commission, insurance, arbitration, etc.

(b) Mode of Pricing and INCO TERMS :- While finalising termscof import contract, the importer should, inter-alia, be fullyconversant with the mode of pricing and the manner of paymentfor the imports. As regards mode of pricing, the overseas suppliershould quote the terms prevailing in international trade.International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) , paris given detaileddefinition of a few standard terms popularly known as INCOTERMS'. These terms have almost universal acceptance.

(c) Mode of Settlement of Payment :- There are mainly three

modes settling international transactions depending upon thecreditworthiness of the importer or exporter, demand for thecommodity in the international market, exchange controlregulations prevailing in the importer or countries and otherrelevant factors

Advance Payment.

Payment or Acceptance against Document Collections.

Payment under Letter of Credit.

(d) Obtaining IEC Number :- In India, it is obligatory for everyimporter and exporter to register themselves with the DirectorGeneral of Foreign trade (DGFT) and obtain Import-Export Code(IEC) Number. The application form for obtaining IEC numbershould be accompanied by a fee of Rs.1000 and two copies ofpassport size photographs of the applicant duly attested by thebanker of the applicant and other, relevant documents.


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(e) Obtaining Import Licence :- If the item to be imported fallsin the prohibited list, then such item cannot be imported at all.How, if it falls in restricted list then the necessary clearance mustbe obtained from appropriate licensing authority. Similarly, if it issubject to the canalisation through State Trading Enterprises(STEs), then the necessary formalities are to be completedpertaining to the same.

(f) Obtaining Foreign EXchange :- In India, all foreign exchangetransactions are regulated by the Exchange Control Department ofthe Reserve bank of India (RBI). Therefore, every importer isrequired to make to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for getting.sanction for making overseas.

Payments. The Exchange Control Department scrutinises the

application and if satisfied, sanctions necessary foreign exchangefor the import transaction.

(g) Arranging Finance for Import :- It is advisable that thefinancial planning for imports should be done in advance in orderto avoid huge demurrages on the imported goods lying unclearedfor want of payment. Banks normally do not extend any fundbased assistance to importers. However, they enable industrialunits and others to have access to imported inputs and machineryby establishing letters of credit in favour of the overseas suppliers.

(h) Obtaining Import L/C Umit:- Import L/C limits aresanctioned by the banks on submission of complete loan proposalas in the case of other types of credit facilities. This requiresadvance financial planning so as to retire import bills under L/C ontime. Any delay in retirement of bills not only strains the relationsof the importer with his bank but also results in additional costs byby of extra commission, penal interest, demurrage charges, etc.

(i) Despatching Letter of Credit :- If the term of payment

agreed between the importer and the overseas supplier is a letterof credit then the importer should obtain the letter of credit fromhis bank and forward it to the overseas supplier well within thetime agreed for the same. The importer must see to it that theletter of credit has been prepared in the strict conformity of theimport contract entered between them.


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Retirement of Import Documents

(a) Loading of Goods and Receipt of Shipment Advice :- Onloading of goods the oyerseas supplier despatches the shipmentadvice to the importerinforming him about the shipment of goods. The shipment advicecontains" invoice number, bill of lading, airways bill number and

date, name of the vessel with date, the port of export, descriptionof goods and quantity and the date of sailing of the vessel.

(b) Retirement of Import Documents :- After shipping thegoods, the overseassupplier prepares the necessary documents as per the terms ofcontractand letter of credit and hands them over to his bank for theironward negotiation" to importer in the manner as specified in theL/C.The set normally contains bill of exchange," commercial

invoice, bill of lading, packing list, certificate of origin, marineinsurance policy, etc.

For the retirement of documents, the importer is require~ tosubmit the following documents to his bank :(a) A letter authorising his bank to debit the equivalent Indianrupees to the

value of documents including bank charges. .

(b) Exchange control copy of the Import Licence, if applicable. .(c) FormAl duly completed for the remittance in foreign exc

(c) Acceptance of the Bill of Exchange :- Bill of Exchangeaccompanied by the above documents is known as theDocumentary Bill of Exchange.IT is oftwo types :

Documents against Payment (Sight Drafts) :- In case of

sigh draft,

the drawer instructs the bank to hand over the relevantdocuments the importer only against payment.


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Documents against Acceptance (Usance Draft) :- In

case of usance draft, the drawer instructs the bank to handover the relevant documents to the importer against his'acceptance' of the bill of exchange.

(d) Scrutiny of Documents Received under L/c :- After receiptof

importdocuments from the exporter's bank, the importer's bank willscrutinise the documents as to their correctness as per the termsand conditions of L/C and hands over them to the importer afterpayment. The importer should also scrutinise the documents andensure that there are no discrepancies.

(e) Appointment of C & F Agent :- In India, the procedure forclearance imported goods is very lengthy, time consuming andinvolves lots of legal formalities. Therefore, it is advisable to hirethe services of C&F agents who are well versed with suchformalities. The C&F Agent prepares bill of entry containing detailsof goods to be cleared from the customs ,in case the C&F agentdoes not have relevant information about the goodsto be cleared,he prepares a bill of sight in order to enable himself to physicallycheck the goods imported and prepare bill of entry on that basis.

Customs Clearance Procedure for Imported Goods

Under the Ministry of Finance (Department of Revenue), there aretwoindependent Boards of Revenue :- . '(a) Central Board of Direct Taxes (for Income Tax, Wealth Tax etc.)(b) Central Board of Excise and Customs.

The Customs administration vests with the Central Board forexcise and Customs, which shapes the policy and decides thefunctions of the formalities in the country, in terms of theprovisions of the Customs act 1962

All goods imported in India have to pass through the customsclearanceafter they cross the Indian border. The goods soimported are examined appraised assessed, evaluated and thenallowed to be taken out of customs charge for use by the importer.

The procedure for customs clearance in general for goodsimported as follows :


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(a) Import Manifest :- As per the section 30 of the Customs Act1962,thepersons in charge of a conveyance carrying imported goods shouldhand Section with an order to the Dock Staff for examination ofgood clearance. over, within 24 hours of the arrivafof theconveyance, an import manifest to the customs. The, importmanifest is a complete, list of all items the conveyance carries onboard, including those to be transhipped and those to be carried tothe subsequent ports of call. '

(b) Entry in the Import Department of Customs House :- On receiptof information regarding the arrival of the goods, the importers ortheir 'agents have to make an entry by filing a Bill of Entry, in a

prescribed form in the Import Department of Customs House. The.date of presentation of Bill of Entry is an important date as therate of duty applicable to the imported goods will be the rate,which is in force on tl1e date of presentation.

(c) Presentation of Bill of Entry for Appraisal :- After the Bill of Entryis noted in the import department, the same should be presentedto the Appraising Counters along with the following necessarydocuments :

Import licence, if necessary. Exporter's Invoice. A copy of Letter of Credit. Original Bill of Lading and its non-negotiable copy. Two copies of Packing List. Weight specifications. Manufacturer's test certificate. Certificate of Origin. Delivery order issued by Shipping company or its agent. Freight and insurance amount certificate if the import is on

FOB terms A declaration from importer that he has not paid anycommission to

agents in India.: CUstoms declaration Catalogue/drawing, etc for machinery imported.

In addition to the above, the following documents are also requiredto be submitted wherever necessary :-

If the spare parts are imported - exporters invoice showing unit

priceand extended tptal of each item;


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If the, secondhand machinery is imported - Chartered Engineer'sCertificate;

If the steel is imported - Manufacturer's Analysis Certificate;

If Chemicals' and alIled products are imported - Literature showingchemical consumption

If the textiles items are imported - Textile Commissionersendorsement or certificate.

If the above documents furnished by the importer are found to beadequate for acceptance of the declared value and determinationof classification and acceptance of ITC Licence, the bill of Entry is

completed by the Appraiser. Itis then countersigned by the, Assistant Collector and sent to theLicence

(d) Clearance of Goods :- After payment of duty (the originalcopy of bill ofEntry is retained in the Customs House) the importer should obtaintheduplicate copy of Bill of Entry on which order for examination ofthe goodsis given by Customs and get the goods examined. If the

description of goodsis found to be correct, on the basis of declared and acceptedpaarticulars ,clearance of goods is allowed by the appraiser.

(e) Warehousing the Goods :- The imported goods can bewarehoused at the port of shipment without the payment of dutyby presenting a "Bill of entry for Warehousing" to the BondsDepartment along with a bond for twice the

amount of duty payable. Initially the facility is granted for 3months, whichmay be extended upto a period one year. The warehoused goodscleared in one or more installments. For clearance of goods fromthe warehouse the importer is required to present what is knownas 'Ex-bond Bill of entry.


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(f) Import Follow-up :- Once an importer is allowed to remitforeign exchange out of the country he has an obligation to importthe permitted goods of equivalent value in the country. If no goodsor goods for lesser values are imported, it would lead to leakage offoreign exchange.

Classification of Goods for Import Policy & Assessment ofDuty

Most of the goods imported are assessed and valued forcalculation import duty provided they are imported in terms of theImport Policy and evaluated for calculation of customs duty byvirtue of the nature of goods or by virtue of itd enduse. Theimported goods, which do not fall in parameter of the import policy

are normally confiscated or allowed to be cleared only on paymentof heavy penalty.

Types of Customs Duties

The following types of Customs Duties are levied on goods

imported into or exported out of India :

(a) Basic Duty :- Basic duty is levied on all goods imported intoas prescribed in Schedule-I of Customs Tariff Act. This duty islevied as a percentage of value of goods imported or at a specifiedrate.

(b) Auxiliary Duty :- This duty was levied in addition to the basicduty prescribed under the Finance Act every year. However, with

effect from 28th February 1993, auxiliary duty has been withdrawnby the government.

(c) Additional or Countervailing Duty :- This duty is levied onthe total cost of imported goods at the rate equal to excise duty onlike manufactured in India. This duty is levied to protect thedomestic industry.

(d) Specific Duty :- This duty is levied in order to counter balance

the excise duty leviable on the imports going into the productionof such goods in India.


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(b) Name and address of the exporter.(c) Import licence number of the importer.(d) Name of the port/dock where goods are to be cleared.'(e) Description of goods.(f) Value of goods.(g) Rate and amount of import duty payable.(h) Other relevant documents.

However, no bill of entry is required in the following cases :(a) Passengers' baggage;(b) Favour parcels;(c) Mail bags and Post parcels; .(d) Boxes, kennels of cages containing live animals or birds;(e) Post parcels, ship stores in small quantities for personal use.(f)Un-serviceable stores, such as, dunnage wood, empty bottles,

drums, etc.,of reasonable value (below Rs. 50);

(g) Cargo by sailing vessels from Customs Ports when landed atopen bunders only.


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STANDARD CONTAINERSTANDARD CONTAINERS:

Standard 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

Insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightMaxi

cargo

19'4" 7'8" 7'10" 7'8" 7'6" 1,172CuFt 4,916lbs 47,900lbs

5.900m 2.350m 2.393m 2.342m 2.280m 33.2CBM 2,230Kg 21,770Kg

Standard 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

Insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightMaxi

cargo

FLAT RACK CONTAINER

Flat rack 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight capacity

tareweight

maxicargo

18'5" 7'3" 7'4" - - - 5,578lbs 47,333lbs

5.620m 2.200m 2.233m - - - 2,530Kg 21,470Kg

Flat rack 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightmaxi

cargo

39'7" 6'10" 6'5" - - - 12,081lbs 85,800lbs


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12.080m 2.438m 2.103m - - - 5,480Kg 39,000Kg

FLATT RACK COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINER

Flat rack Collapsible 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightMaxi

cargo

18'6" 7'3" 7'4" - - - 6,061lbs 61,117lbs

5.618m 2.208m 2.233m - - - 2,750Kg 17,730Kg

Flat rack Collapsible 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightMaxi

cargo

39'7" 6'10" 6'5" - - - 12,081lbs 85,800lbs

12.080m 2.126m 2.043m - - - 5,800Kg 39,000Kg

REEFER COINTAINER

Reefer 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightmaxi

cargo

17'8" 7'5" 7'5" 7'5" 7'3" 1,000CuFt 7,040lbs 45,760lbs

5.425m 2.275m 2.260m 2.258m 2.216m 28.3CBM 3,200Kg 20,800Kg

Reefer 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightmaxi

cargo

37'8" 7'5" 7'2" 7'5" 7'0" 2,040CuFt 10,780lbs 56,276lbs

11.493m 2.270m 2.197m 2.282m 2.155m 57.8CBM 4,900Kg 25,580Kg


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REEFER HIGH CUBE CONTAINER

Reefer High Cube 40'

insidelength

Insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightmaxi

cargo

37'11" 7'6" 8'2" 7'6" 8'0" 2,344CuFt 9,900lbs 57,761lbs

11.557m 2.294m 2.500m 2.294m 2.440m 66.6CBM 4,500Kg 25,980Kg

HIGH CUBE CONTAINER

HIGH CUBE 40'

insidelength

Insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightMaxi

cargo

39'5" 7'8" 8'10" 7'8" 8'5" 2,694CuFt 8,750lbs 58,450lbs

12.036m 2.350m 2.697m 2.338m 2.338m 76.3CBM 3,970Kg 26,510Kg


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PLATFORM 20'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacity tareweight

Maxicargo

19'11" 8'0" 7'4" - - - 6,061lbs 52,896lbs

6.058m 2.438m 2.233m - - - 2,750Kg 24,000Kg

PLATFORM 40'

insidelength

insidewidth

insideheight

doorwidth

doorheight

capacitytare

weightMaxi

cargo

40'0" 8'0" 6'5" - - - 12,783lbs 86,397lbs

12.180m 2.400m 1.950m - - - 5,800Kg 39,200Kg

International Transaction


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EXPORT PROCEDURE AND DOCUMENTATION

In India, ships transport more than 90 per cent of the cargo. It

therefore interesting to study the export processed by ship

documentation related to it.

Processing of an export order-----

i.Exporter operation starts with the receipt of enquiry by the

exporter from importer. Bar on the enquiry exporter submits

his offer giving complete details of products technical

specific price delivery payment terms etc.

ii.After the process negotiations importer sends a purchase order

follow by letter of credit (if applicable).


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iii.The exporter manufactures the goods according to the

specification given in purchase order.

iv. As soon as the goods are ready the exporters invites the

representative of Export inspections agency (EIA) for pre

shipment inspection and obtain the certificate of inspection.

v.After that, the exporter prepared following documents:----

INVOICE

PACKING LIST

ARE1 FROM EXSICE DEPARTMENT

MARINE INSURANCE POLICY

COPY OF PURCHASE ORDER / L/C

vi.Above those documentation sends to CHA by exporter.

vii.Based on these documents CHA agent completes the octroi

formalities, obtain port permit and prepare shipping bill

which is a customs documents.

viii.Custom department check the export cargo on the basis of

information provided on the shipping bill. If satisfy then

cargo allow to loaded on the board of ship.

ix.The shipping line gives mate receipts to CHA agents after the

payment of ocean freights and port due obtains the bill of

lading (B/L) from shipping line .B/L is a proof of dispatch of

cargo and also a negotiable document.

x.After that, CHA agent send various documents back to

exporter which is


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Customs attested invoice

Copy of shipping bill

Full set of non board bill of lading.

Copy of purchase order or L/C

Copies of ARE1 Form

SDF form

xi.After that the exporter submitted above these documents for

negotiation to the bank which include :----

Commercial invoice

Packing list

SDF form

Original copy of purchases order

Certificate of origin

Bill of exchange

Shipment advice

After that, bank scrutinizes these documents and if found

correct make payment to exporter against documentations.


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EXPORT INVOICE

ELEMENT OF EXPORT INVOICE:-

Exporter

Consignee

Invoice No. and Date

Exporter Ref.

Buyer order no and date

Other reference

Buyer (other than consignee)

Country of origin of goods

Country of final destination

Terms of delivery and Payment

Pre-carriage by

Place of receipt by pre-carrier

Vessel/ Flight no.

Port of loading


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Port of discharge

Final Destination

Marks and Nos. / No & Kind of pkgs.

Item code

Description of goods

Net weight

Gross weight

Quantity

Rate CIF EURO

Amount CIF EURO

Amount in words

Declaration:

Authorised signature


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DATA ANALYSIS


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How Big is a Cubic Meter?

Calculation: Length x Width x Height divided by 1728 = cubic feet divided

by 35 = cubic meters.

23 BOOK BOXES 11 MEDIUM BOXES 8 LARGE BOXES

= one cubic meter

13x13x17 inches

1.5 cubic feet0.043 Cubic Meters

(approx)

18x18x17 inches3.1 Cubic Feet

0.091 Cubic Meters(approx)

18x18x24 inches4.5 Cubic Feet

0.125 Cubic Meters(approx)

Or mix and match:

=onecubicmete

r=onecubicmeter

=one

cubicmeter

Air freight calculation

Introduction


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Airlines that are members of the International AirTransport Association (IATA) are bound by theirmembership to comply with tariffs issued by IATA.However since 11th September 2002, airfreight rates are

now extremely negotiable. Airfreight rates covertransportation from the airport of loading to the airport ofdischarge.

These rates do not include the following:

Collection of air cargo from theconsignor's/exporters premises

Delivery of cargo from the airport of destination tothe consignee's premises

Storage of cargo before or after loading

Customs clearance in the country of destination

Any duties and taxes that may have to be paid

Insurance

Chargeable/volumetric weight

Airline freight rates are based on a "chargeable weight",because the volume or weight that can be loaded into anaircraft is limited. The chargeable weight of a shipmentwill be either the "actual gross mass" or the "volumetric

weight", whichever is the highest. The chargeable weightis calculated as follows: 1 metric ton = 6 cubic metres. Inorder to establish if the cargo will be a weight orvolumetric based shipment.

Step 1

Measure the parcel/cargo along the greatest length,width and height of that parcel. For example; 100 cm (L)X 100 cm (W) X 100 cm (H) = 1 000 000 cm3. Next,weigh the parcel; assume it weighs 150kg.

Step 2

Now divide the 1 000 000 cm3 by 6 000 = 166,66 kg. Youhave now converted the centimeters (cm) into kilograms(kg)

Step 3

Now compare the weight to the volume. If the weight is150 kg then the airline would base the freight on the

higher amount being: 166,66 kg


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Air freight calculations

The airline calculates freight based on weight or volume,which ever yields the greatest amount. Airlines quotefreight rates based on the following rate structures:

A basic minimum charge per shipment. General cargo rates quoted for per kilogram. This

rate applies without reference to the nature ordescription of the parcel, which is to be freighted.

Specific commodity rates apply to certain goods ofspecific descriptions, such as fresh produce. Theserates are lower than the general cargo rate, andthey provide breakpoints at which the level of therate reduces further.

Example:0 - 50 Kg @ R22.00/per kg50 - 100 Kg @ R19.00 per kg100 - 150 Kg @ R17.00 per kg

Unit Load Device charges

These rates are charged per container/ULD withoutreference to the commodity loaded therein. Calculationof freight rates:

Let us assume the following figures:The freight rate is R18.00 per kgThe weight of the parcel is 300 kgThe dimensions are: 114,6 cm X 120,4cm X 132,5 cm(round the cm's up or down)

Therefore: 115 cm X 120 X 133 cm = 1 835 400 divideby 6 000 = 305.9 kg (having converted cm's to kg's nowround up the kg's to the next half a kilogram = 306 kg.

As the freight rate quoted by the airline is R18.00 per kg,we calculate the price as follows:306 kg X R18/kg = R5 508.00

The freight rate will not be calculated on the actual mass300 kg X R18.00 = R5 400.00 as the airline will alwaysuse the greater amount either the kg, or volumetricweight.

The air waybill

The air waybill, unlike the ocean bill of lading is not adocument of title to the goods described therein,
http://www.iata.org/index.htmhttp://www.iata.org/index.htmhttp://www.iata.org/index.htm


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however it does perform several similar functions theseare:

It is a receipt for the goods

It is evidence of the contract of carriage between

the exporter and the carrier It incorporates full details of the consignor/shipper,

the consignee/receiver and the consignment/goods

It is an invoice showing the full freight amount

It must be produced, be it in an electronic format, atthe airport of discharge for clearing purposes

All copies of the air waybill, together with the commercialinvoice, packing list, certificate of origin and any otherdocument which may be necessary for clearing thegoods through customs, these documents are carried inthe flight captain's bag.

Sea freight calculations

Introduction

Seafreight calculations can broadly be divided into twomain components; breakbulk and containerised. In thissection we deal with how you should calculate the freightcosts of both of these two types of seafreight.

Break bulk cargo calculations

Break bulk cargo, is cargo that is unitised, palletised orstrapped. This cargo is measured along the greatestlength, width and height of the entire shipment. Thecargo is also weighed. Shipping lines quote break bulkcargo per "freight ton", which is either 1 metric ton or 1cubic metre, which ever yields the greatest revenue.

Example:A case has a gross mass of 2 Mt.

The dimensions of the cargo are:

2.5 X 1 X 2 metres


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The tariff rate quoted by the shipping line is: USD 110.00weight or measure (freight ton)

Step 1

Multiply the metres 2.5 X 1 X 2 = 5 metres Compare to

the mass = 2 Mt.

Step 2

Calculate the freight with the greater amount either themass or the dimension. 5 X USD 110.00 = USD 550.00

Freight would be paid on the measurement and not theweight. All shipping lines carrying cargo in a break-bulkform insist on payment based on a minimum freightcharge which is equivalent to one freight ton, one cubicmetre or one metric ton.

Full Container load calculations and surcharges

Freight rates for containers are based on the container asa unit of freight irrespective of the commodity orcommodities loaded therein, (FAK) Freight All Kinds. Theshipping lines quote per box (container) either a six or

twelve metre container. From time to time, abnormal orexceptional costs arise in respect of which no provisionhas been made in the tariffs. For example a shipping linecannot predict the movement of the US Dollar or thesudden increase of the international oil price. Theseincreases have to be taken into account by the shippingline in order to ensure that the shipping line continues tooperate at a profit. These increases are calledsurcharges. All shipping lines accordingly retain the right

to impose an adjustment factor upon their rates takinginto account these fluctuations. All surcharges areexpressed as a percentage of the basic freight rate.Surcharges are regularly reviewed in the light ofunforeseen circumstances, which may arise and bringcause for a surcharge increase.

Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF)

"Bunkers" is the generic name given to fuels andlubricants that provide energy to power ships. The cost of

bunker oil fluctuates continually and with comparativelylittle warning.


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Example:Freight rate: Port Elizabeth to SingaporeFreight rate: US Dollar: 1 250.00 per 6-M container+ BAF 5.2%

US Dollar 1 250.00 X 5.2% = US Dollar 65.00Add the two amounts togetherFreight rate: U S Dollar 1 315.00

The bill of lading

The bill of lading performs the following functions:

A contract of carriage between the shipper of thecargo and the carrying shipping company.

The name of the shipper and the receiver of thegoods the consignee.

The contents of the packages as declared by theshipper.

Shipping details such as: port of loading and theport of discharge.

The bill of lading is a freight invoice and indicates if

the freight costs have been prepaid by the exporteror will be paid by the importer, "freight collect".

The bill of lading states the number of packages,weight and dimension of the shipment.

It is a document of title to the goods stated thereon.

Every original bill of lading signed by or on behalf of theshipping company is a document of title to theunderlying goods. This special function of a bill of ladingis achieved by a form of words which state: "In witness

whereof the undersigned on behalf of the shippingcompany has signed three bills of lading all of this tenorand date, one of which being accomplished the others tostand void". "Accomplishing" the bill of lading requiresthe surrender to the shipping line or its agents in the portor place of destination one of the signed original bills oflading duly endorsed by the consignee/importer. Unlessand until one of the original bills of lading as describedabove is surrendered, the shipping line will not release

the cargo to the consignee/importer. Upon surrender of


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any one of the originals the other originals bills of ladingbecome void.

Endorsed Bills of Lading

Bills of lading can only be issued with the words "shipped

on board", if the cargo has actually been loaded onto thenamed vessel at the port of loading. By insisting that theexporter supplies the importer with a "shipped on board"bill of lading, the importer obtains conclusive evidencethat the goods have been loaded on board the intendedvessel.

Some importers insist that the exporter presents"shipped on board" bills as a condition for payment."Received for shipment", bills of lading can be issued as

soon as the goods have been delivered into the custodyof the carrying shipping company or its agent either atthe point of receipt or at the port of loading. Thus, a'received for shipment", bill of lading will only indicatethe ship in which the cargo is intended to be loaded on.

The risk remains that the loading may, for many reasonsdelayed or the cargo may not be loaded at all.

Banks responsible for the payment of funds in paymentfor goods under letters of credit will not release the funds

if the bill of lading has been endorsed "received forshipment".


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FINDINGS

IMPORTER


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EXPORTER

CERTIFICATEOFINSPECTION

INVOICE PACKINGLIST

GRFORM

ARE1FORM

MARINEINSURANCEPOLICY

CUSTOMSATTESTEDINVOICE

SHIPPINGBILLS

FULLSET OFONBOARD

BILL OFLADING

COPYOF L/C

DUPLICATECOPY AREFORM

DUPLICATECOPY GRFORM

C & F AGENT

EXPORTER

COMMERCIAL INVOICE

PACKING LIST

DUPLICATE COPYGR FORM

NEGOTIABLE COPIES

OF B/L

ORIGINALL/C

CERTIFICATEOF ORIGIN

BILL OFEXCHANGE

NEGOTIATING BANK

L/C AMOUNT SHIPPING DOCUMENT

EXPORTER IMPORTER

PURCHASES ORDER / L/C


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Export Import Documentation - Prof. D.C. paiLogistics in International Business - Prof. Rajeev Aserkar

REFERENCES INTERNET

www.committedgroup.comwww.google.co.inwww.ask.comwww.exit.net


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http://www.committedgroup.com/http://www.google.co.in/http://www.ask.com/http://www.exit.net/