illegal immigration: clear and present danger illegal immigration: a clear and present danger...
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ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present Danger
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: A Clear and Present DangerA Clear and Present Danger
Kleanthis Kyriakidis, PhDcKleanthis Kyriakidis, PhDcMPA Harvard Kennedy SchoolMPA Harvard Kennedy School
MA Middle East StudiesMA Middle East StudiesMS Physical OceanographyMS Physical Oceanography
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present DangerOutline/ OverviewOutline/ Overview
Introduction
Categories
Countries of Origin
Perception of Peril
The Failure of Artificial Obstacles
Current Situation (EU – Greece)
Policy Recommendations
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present DangerIntroductionIntroduction
Migration as a phenomenon Survival Hope of a better life
European and American behaviour
Preconditions Seek for a “new home” Sharing common values/ aspirations
Greek behaviour
Effect of the economic crisis
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present DangerCountries of OriginCountries of Origin
Afghanistan (usually first)
Pakistan (usually second)
Tunisia (first in 2011 due to the “Arab Spring”)
Syria (second in 2012 due to the “Arab Spring”)
Bangladesh
Albania (first European country)
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present Danger
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present Danger
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present DangerPerception of Peril Perception of Peril
Recent Survey in 6 EU countries: Germany 46% Italy 56% “legal immigrants responsible for the rise of criminal activities”
Unemployment?
Social Security System
Labor exploitation?
Pressure on Public Services
Some Criminal Activities
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present Danger
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present DangerThe Failure of The Failure of
Artificial ObstaclesArtificial Obstacles If Maritime Nation, Crossing Sea Borders
More vulnerable, less controllable In distress (“men at sea”)!
Displacement instead of Reduction (EU problem, not local!)
Greek statistics
“Do or Die” mentality
Irregular migration as a by-product
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present DangerCurrent SituationCurrent Situation
Both Fewer Incidents – Less Unauthorized Immigrants
For the Wrong Reasons! Economic Crisis makes EU less desirable destination Ultra-Nationalism, Xenophobia, Islamophobia
Greece MVP – (Most Vulnerable Point): Evros River, Sea Border, Albania
Arab Spring!
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present Danger
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present DangerPolicy Policy
RecommendationsRecommendations Synergy (FRONTEX cooperating with local Police)
Combating traffickers through harsh punishments
For Greece: 48 hours instead of 7 days “Decision to Leave Country”
For EU: Change/ Abolish 2003/343/CE (“Dublin II”)
Address the Root Causes
ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: Clear and Present DangerClear and Present DangerILLEGAL IMMIGRATION: ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION:
A Clear and Present DangerA Clear and Present DangerKleanthis KyriakidisKleanthis Kyriakidis