if. - virginia department of historic resources _021-0023... · tidewater, burwell turned over...
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If. DESCRIPTION
CONDITION
lNT EGRlTY
D E S C R I B E T H E P R E S E N T AND ORIGINAL (If known) PHYSICAL A P P E A R A N C E
The Burwell-Morgan M i l l is a two-story s t r u c t u r e with gable roof and c o n s i s t s of a down slope basement and f i r s t l eve l of s tone topped by a frame second s t o r y and a t t i c addi t ion . The m i l l , approximately fo r ty - f ive f e e t by s i x t y f e e t , has small eight-over-eight a s wel l as twelve-over-eight sash windows with segmental arched l i n t e l s on the f i r s t f l o o r while the frame sec t ion has twelve-over-eight sash. The a t t i c is l ighted on the gable ends by e igh t - overre ight sash windows on two levels . The head race has been reopened i n t k c present r e s t o r a t i o n and en te r s the building from the west by a s tone flume. After pouring over the r e b u i l t water wheel of Peruvian mahogany, the water is channeled under a f i f t e e n foot s tone b a r r e l v a u l t t o the t a i l r a c e . The gears t h a t run the m i l l machinery were taken from a m i l l b u i l t c i r c a 1750 neal Middleburg and r e b u i l t . These gears r o t a t e the turn s tone over the bed stone i n the two p a i r s of Buhrs (mil ls tones) --one f o r corn and one f o r wheat. The p l a s t e r remaining on two adjacent s tone wal ls around a c o m e r f i r e p l a c e on the f i r s t l e v e l ind ica te the locat ion of the old m i l l o f f i c e which w i l l be r e b u i l t . In the res to ra t ion , the empty second s t o r y w i l l be used a s a meeting place of the Clarke County ~ i s t o r i c a L Society;
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(Check One)
Good Fair Deteriorated 0 R u i n s 0 (Cheek One)
Altered a' Unaltered (Check One)
Moved Original Site D
P E R l O O (check One or More as Appropriate) I I Pro-Columbian 16th Century 18th Century 20th Century
1Sth Century 0 17th Century 0 19th Century I -- - S P E C I F I C D A T E ( S ) (If Applleable and Known)
A R E A S OF.SIGNIFICANCE -(Check qne w More ae-Appyrfate) ' L .. - .. , . I . I - - - Aboriginal . - Ed~cotTon- . . a - Poljtical- - ..
Prehistoric , ' Engineering O,,,- Religica/Phir
Historic 0 Industry 0 losophy
I Agriculture 0 Invention Science
I Art Landscope Sculpture
Commerce Architecture 0 Social/Humon-
Communications Litcroture 0 itarian
Conservation 0 Militory Theater
I Music 0 Transportotion
S T A T E M E N T 0 F S I G N I F I C A N C E (Include Personagee, Dates. Events, Ete.)
ban Planning '. Other (spacrfyJ a . H i s tory
Although Burwell-Morgan M i l l i s s i g n i f i c a n t because of i t s complete r e s t o r a t i o n a s a working m i l l , i ts g rea te r value comes from h i s t o r i c a l associa t ions .
The m i l l was b u i l t c i r c a 1785 by Colonel Nathaniel Burwell (1750-1814) and General Daniel Morgan (1736-1802) who saw the advantage of the f a l l i n Spour Run on property belonging t o Colonel Burwell a s being a p o t e n t i a l m i l l s i t e , Colonel Burwell was a man of prominence i n the Virginia of h i s day. Born a : Carter's Grove i n James City County, the home he was l a t e r t o i n h e r i t , Burwell a l s o inher i ted land around Millwood i n present-day Clarke County. Burwell, a man of substance and wide-spread business i n t e r e s t s , began t o develop h i s Clarke County holdings a f t e r the American Revolution. Although s t i l l operat ing from Car te r ' s Grove, he began t o spend mare and more t i m e around Millwood and, seeing the f inanc ia l rewards poss ib le from a m i l l i n the a rea , entered i n t o a partnership with General Morgan, Indian f i g h t e r , Revolutionary War s 'oldier and hero of the b a t t l e s of Saratoga and Cowpens, t o build and manage a m i l l .
With the establishment of the m i l l , Burwell began t o expand h i s operat ions i n the v i c i n i t y . In 1786 he b u i l t himself a house i n which he l ived from time t o time u n t i l the completion of nearby Car ter Hall which he s t a r t e d i n 1792 and f in ished i n 1800. By 1804, t i r i n g of the impoverished land i n Tidewater, Burwell turned over c a r t e r ' s Grove t o h i s son, Car ter Burwell, and took up permanent residence i n Clarke County. I n the crossroads of Millwood he b u i l t a tanyard, a tanner 's house, another m i l l and everzual ly a d i s t i l l e r y , a l s o i n partnership with General Morgan who l ived a t Saratoga a mile west of the v i l l age .
A t Burwell's death i n 1814 the m i l l went along with h i s o the r property in tc the hands of h i s t r u s t e e s and the e s t a t e w a s not s e t t l e d u n t i l 1828. A t t h a t time the m i l l and s i x ac res were valued a t $10,000 and were l e f t t o D r . Ph i l ip G. Randolph and M i s s Lucy B. Randolph. In 1829 D r . Randolph exchanged h i s h a l f - i n t e r e s t with M i s s Susan G. Randolph. I n 1837 Reverend E. C. Hutchinson and Lucy B. Randolph, h i s wife, sold her h a l f - i n t e r e s t t o John Louthan fo r $3500. I n 1848 Louthan acquired the o ther ha l f of the pra from Susan G. Randolph, wife of D r . R. P. Page. I n 1855 Louthan sold t h ~ m i l l and l e s s than one ac re t o Alfred Parkins f o r $9500 who rented tbe - property f o r some years. I n 1872 the m i l l was sold t o T. M. Eddy and A. He Garvin who l a t e r became s o l e owner and added the add i t iona l s t o r y of woo
9. MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES -... .
Dictionary of American Biography. Gold, ~ h o m a F ~ . , H i s t o r y & Clarke County, V i rg in i a (Be r ryv i l l e , 1914), p.
42. Mackay-Smith , Alexander, "Burwell-Morgan M i l l Res to r a t i on , " (unpublished
t y p e s c r i p t , C la rke County H i s t o r i c a l Society,, n.d.) Stephenson, Mary Augusta, C a r t e r ' s Grove (Williarnsburg, 1964).
0 , ; . '1. 1 ' ' I
10. f-c.3GRAPXlCAL DATA LATITqqE AND LDNGI,TUDE COORDINATES.
LOCATING THE PROPERTY
CORNER LATITUDE
I STATE:
sw Q I 0 . LIST ALL ST AT E S AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING S T A T E OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES
CODE COUNTY: H
h...
I LONG1 TUDE
l ~ e g r e e r Minuter Seconds I Degrees Minuter Seconds I I Degrees Minutes Seconds I Degrees Minute; . Siconds
LONGITUDE
STATE: CODE
STATE:
0 R
LATITUDE
COUNTY
CODE COUNTY: H
LATITUDE ANp.LONGITUDE COORDINATES .' D; I ' ~~NING) ~ A E ~~I;TER POINT OF A PROPERTY
OF LESS THAN ONp ACRE , I . '
1 I I
CODE COUNTY: CODE
S t a f f , V i r g i n i a H i s t o r i c Landmarks Commission, James W. Moody, Jr.. D i r e c t o r ORGAN1 ZATION DATE
., . i r g i n i a H i s t o r i c Landmarks Commission REET AND NUMBER: . .
Room 1116, Ninth S t r e e t S t a t e O f f i c e Bui lding . , . ,.
II in the Nat ional Register and cert i fy that i t has been . . evaluated according to the criteria and procechres set
CITY OR TOWN:
- . Richmond
12. STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERf l F f ~ A l ' l 0 N
A- ihe designated State L ia ison Off icer for the Na-
t ional Histor ic Preservation Act o f 1966 (Publ ic Law
80 ,65). I hereby nominate th is property for inclusion
forth by the Nat ional Park Service. The recommended Chief, Off ice of Archeology end Historic Preservation
leve l of s igni f icance of this nomination is:
, . 8 .. I herebv cert i fy that this property is included in the
Register'
Nat ional State [19 L o c a l - I . ,.. -.. ' , -
1
STATE CODE
45
V-. Edward P. Alexander, hairm ma dl
NATIONAL REGISTER VERlFlCATtON
Name
Tfle V i -:ginia H i s t o r i c Landmarks . .
Keeper o f The N e t i m a l Register . ' .' . . . . .,: ; 1 ; : 1: . ' i ... . i i
Date .. 1 1
. . ATTEST: . . .... :I : . . ... . . , , I :
Date 11 Date
Dict ionary of American Biography. Gold, Thomas D . , His tory of Clarke County, V i rg in i a (Be r ryv i l l e , 1914), p.
42. Mackay-Smith, Alexander, "Burwell-Morgan M i l l Restoration,"(unpublished
t y p e s c r i p t , Clarke County H i s t o r i c a l Soc ie ty , n.d.) Stephenson, Mary Augusta, C a r t e r ' s Grove (Williamsburg, 1964).
- -- -- ,10. GC,3GRAPHICAL DATA . a , L * T I T Y q ~ 3 N D L 0 N C l ; T U P E , C O O R O 1 N A T E S . !
D E F I N I N G A R E C T A N G L E L O C A T I N G T H E P R O P E R T V
ICORNER LATITUDE LONGITUDE .. .a. * . Degrees Minutes Seconds
. ,. , : : a;
0 t
0 .
A T I T U D E A N p . L O N G I T U D E C O O R D I N A T E S a D ~ ~ N I N ~ T ~ E C E N T E R P O I N T O F A P R O P E R T Y
I O F L E S S 1HA.N ON-E A C R E . - - 1:. i --
L O N G I T U D E
Degrees Minutes Siconds
-CODE-[ C O U N T Y .
COD^ I C O U N T Y :
w
rn m
I C O D E I - Z
v,
CODE I m C
C1
I - 0
Z m
As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na- I herebv certify that this property is included in the
tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law
80-665). I hereby nominate th i s property for inclusion Register'
in the National Register and certify that i t has been
evaluated according to the criteria and p r o c e h r e s s,et
forth by the National Park Service. The recommended
level of significance of this nomination is:
National State jig Local
Chief, Office of Archeology a n d Historic Preaervat im
Da te
Name ATTEST:
Cr . Edward P. Alexander, Chairma T'tle Vi-:ginia H i s t o r i c Landmarks
Keeper of The National Reg!ster !, Date
Form 10-3OOa (Dec. 1968)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
S T A T E
Virginia -
NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC P L A C E S COUNTY
INVENTORY . NOMINATION FORM Clarke
I E N T R Y NUMBER 1 D A T E
- I (Number all entrloe)
I
8. The Garvin family operated the m i l l u n t i l 1913 when i t was rented t o Ew L. Alger who l a t e r purchased the m i l l and operated i t u n t i l 1943. The m i l l w a s i n continuous operat ion u n t i l 1943 and is now being restorc f o r fu tu re operation.
6. His to r i c American Buildings Survey Inventory 1958 , Federal Library of Congress Washington, Dw C w Code: 08
Virginia His to r i c Landmarks Commission Report 1/21-10 1968 . S t a t e Room 1116, Ninth S t r e e t S t a t e Off ice Building Richmond, Virginia Code: 45
l ~ o r m 10-301 (Dec. 1968)
1. Property broundories where required.
2. North arrow.
3. Latitude and longitude reference. .
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- _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ __- - -- --- ----- ----- UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR S T A T E
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Virginia - NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
COUNTY
Clarke - PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM FOR NPS USt UNLT
ENTRV NUMBER D A T E (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with photograph) I I: NAME
c OMMON : M i llwood M i 11 - AND/OR HISTORIC: durwell-Morgan M i l l
1 r ."..
STREET ANDNUMBER: . 1 m i . E of Spout Run, SW s i d e o f in tersec t ion of R t . 723 and R t . 255. -
C I T Y OR TOWN:
M i 1 lwood STATE: CODE COUNTY: - C O D E
Virginia 1 45 1 Clarke 1 043 ? P H O T O CREDIT :
D A T E O F PHOTO:
I DESC-RIBE V I E W . D I R E C T I O N . E T C .
.Y
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