ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur XIV Weekly Advisory for Cotton Cultivation from 24th to 30th August ‘2021

ACTUAL RAINFALL in mm IMD

PREDICTED RAINFALL in mm IMD

ADVISORY

AUGUST AUGUST

Date 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30

PUNJAB Ferozpur 0 0 0 0 5 At Faridkot, the crop is 98 to 111 days old at peak flowering stage. One spray for sucking

pest and foliar application of KNO3 has been taken up. Chemical weed control has been advocated as rainy condition was not conducive for manual/mechanical hoeing operations. Whitefly incidence ranged from 2.5-11.8/3 leaves, sprayed Dinotefuran 20 SG @ 60 g/acre whenever its population crossed ETL. Jassid incidence varied from 0.4- 4.6 /3 leaves and thrips at 2.3-17.8/ 3 leaves. CLCuD was observed at few locations up to grade II. At Bathinda, the crop is 90 to 110 days old at boll formation stage. Hoeing and weeding were done. Spray of 2% potassium nitrate (13:0:45) were given. Weeds like Dodhak (Euphorbia spp), Tandla (Digera arvensis), Madhana (Eleusine spp), Trianthema monogyna, Makru (Ipomea spp.), Khabbal (Cynodon dactylon) have infested the fields. Whitefly population was below ETL (2-14/3 leaves) but increasing in some locations, Jassid population was comparatively higher (0-12/3 leaves)) and thrips population was below ETL (2-12/3 leaves). Incidence of pink bollworm was noticed in some fields (0- 12%). Problem of parawilt after rainfall/ irrigation was observed in some scattered cotton fields. Advisory: At Faridkot, farmers are advised to spray Glufosinate ammonium 13.5 SL @ 900 ml/acre in 100 litres of water to manage weed infestation as directed spray between the crop rows. Alternatively, spray 500 ml of Paraquat dichloride 24 SL in 100 litres of water/ acre basis (when the crop is > 40-45 cm in height) as a directed spray between the crop rows. The directed spray can be done by using a protective hood. Paraquat and Glufosinate are non-selective herbicides and can cause injury to the crop if it falls on the crop leaves. Spray Potassium nitrate (13:0:45) @ 2% to improve boll setting and reduce flower drop (2 kg KNO3 diluted in 100 litres of water). Cotton growers experiencing leaf reddening during last season in cotton crop must apply two sprays of magnesium sulphate @ 1% (through foliar application) at 15 days interval during full bloom and boll development to minimize leaf reddening issue in Bt cotton. Potassium nitrate and magnesium sulphate should be sprayed at alternate weeks depending upon weather and rainfall. Spray Dinotefuran 20 SG @ 60 g/acre or Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 40 g/acre to control jassid. If incidence of both jassid and whitefly increases beyond ETL, spray Dinotefuran 20 SG @ 60 g/acre or Flonicamid 50

Faridkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4

Muktsar 0 0 0 0 4

Bathinda 0 0 22 28 0 0 0 0 0 3

Sangrur 0 0 0 3 0

Ludhiana 0 0 0 38 0 0 0 1 6 16

WG @80 g/acre. Farmers are advised to remain vigilant for pink bollworm incidence in flowers and bolls. Check for the presence of rosette flowers and damaged bolls to ensure bollworm presence. To check further spread of cotton leaf curl virus, protect the crop against whitefly vector by using suggested insecticides. Always use good quality water (either from canal or water works) for spraying of cotton crop with insecticides or KNO3 as use of poor-quality water may result in leaf burns in the crop. For management of fungal foliar leaf spot and fungal boll rot during rainy season, the crop should be sprayed with propiconazole 25 EC@10 ml or propineb 70 WP@25 -30 g or (metiram 55%+pyraclostrobin 5% WG)@20 g or (azoxystrobin 18.2%w/w+difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC)@ 10 ml per 10 litres of water. To check further spread of cotton leaf curl virus, protect the crop against whitefly by using suggetsed insecticides. At Bathinda, if whitefly adult population range between 4-6 adults per leaf in cotton fields, then farmers are suggested to spray the fields with neem based Nimbecidine @ 1 litre/ acre. If the population of jassid crosses ETL, then spray Dinotefuran 20 SG @ 60 g/acre. In case of heavy rainfall, farmers are advised to drain out excess water from cotton fields. Problem of parawilt was observed in some cotton fields after rainfall/ irrigation. So, farmers are advised to drench plants with carbendazim 50 WP @20 g mixed in 10 litres of water and spray cobalt chloride solution @ 1 g/100 litres of water immediately after the appearance of symptoms on the affected plants. Farmers should survey their fields regularly for pink bollworm infestation. Spray Profenophos 50 EC @ 600 ml per acre or Ethion 50 EC @ 800 ml or Indoxacarb 14.5 SC 100ml Or Emamectin benzoate 5SG 100g per acre if the incidence of pink bollworm is above 5 per cent (ETL). Give 4 sprays of 2% potassium nitrate (13:0:45) at weekly interval in cotton fields where flowering has started. The overall crop stand is good.

HARYANA Hisar 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 At Sirsa, the crop is 89 to 115 days old at vegetative and reproductive stages. Average

thrips incidence (1.3-1.9/3 leaves), jassid (3.9-4.5/3 leaves) and whitefly (8.7-11.1/3 leaves) has been reported. Pink bollworm damage (5-10% green boll damage) reported at few locations in Jind. Mild to moderate CLCuD, root rot and fungal foliar spot and sudden incidence of wilt reported. At Hisar, the crop is 77 to 120 days old at boll formation and boll development stages. The weather was clear as well as cloudy. Weeding and insecticide spray operations were done. Weeds like makra, mothi and kondra have infested the fields after rainfall. Population of thrips has declined whereas whitefly and jassid populations went above ETL. Pink bollworm infestation was noticed in a few fields of Jind and Hisar districts. Myrothecium leaf spot and leaf curl virus disease were observed in few fields. Deficiency of nutrients was observed in cotton grown in light soils. Problem of drying of few plants was observed in cotton grown in

Jind 0 0 0 0 2

Sirsa 0 0 0 0 3

Rohtak 0 10 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

light soils. Advisory: At Sirsa, sucking pests noticed below ETL but there is an increasing trend in population of whitefly. In case mixed infestations of whitefly and jassid is observed and either of them above ETL, apply Flonicamid 50 WG @ 80 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 60 g/acre using 200 litres of water. If mixed infestation of whitefly and thrips observed and either of them above ETL, apply Diafenthiuron @ 200 g/acre with 200 litres of water in cotton fields either irrigated or received rainfall recently. The locations where pink bollworm incidence recorded above ETL (>10percent green boll damage) apply Chlorpyrifos 20%EC (500 ml) or Quinalphos 20AF (400 ml) or Thiodicarb 75 WP (400g) or Profenophos 50 EC (600 ml) or Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (100 ml) or Emamectin benzoate 5 SG (100 g)/acre. If incidence of root rot noticed, drench the roots with carbendazim 50 WP @ 2 g/litre of water. Foliar spray of Copper oxychloride 50%WP @ 25 g+streptocycline @1 g per 10 litres of water should be applied to manage internal boll rot and bacterial blight. For fungal foliar spots and fungal boll rot, foliar spray of propiconazole 25 EC@1 ml/litre or propineb 70 WP@2.5-3 g/litre or (Fluxapyroxad 167 g/l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l SC) @ 0.6 g/litre or (Metiram 55%+ Pyraclostrobin 5% WG) @ 2 g/litre or (Azoxystrobin 18.2% W/W + Difenoconazole 11.4 w/w SC) @ 1 ml/litre is suggested. To get higher yields, apply four sprays of 2% potassium nitrate (13:0:45) at weekly intervals starting at flower initiation. For high yield and management of leaf reddening especially in sandy soils in Bt cotton, apply 2 sprays of 1% magnesium sulphate (1 kg magnesium sulphate in 100 litres of water/acre) at 15 days interval during full bloom and boll development stages. To curtail flower /square dropping, spray alpha-Napthyl acetic Acid 4.5 S. L. (21 ppm) @ 7.5 ml/ 15 litres of water. The spray can be repeated after 15 days. Do not tank mix it with other chemical pesticides and nutrients etc. during the spray. Plants showed sudden drooping of leaves (wilting) with the root system intact. Drenching of such plants with carbendazim 50 WP @25 g+100 g Urea /10 litres of water immediately after the appearance of the wilting symptoms on the affected plants should be done. The affected plants can be saved by spraying cobalt chloride @ 1 g/ 100 litre of water (10 ppm) immediately after the appearance of symptoms. There would be no recovery, if permanent wilting has already set in and spraying is delayed. At Hisar, farmers are advised to take up intercultural operations like mechanical / manual hoeing to keep the crop weed free after rainfall. Alternate foliar sprays of Urea (2%) + Zinc sulphate 21% (0.5%) and Potassium nitrate (1%) are suggested in the boll formation stage at 7 to 10 days intervals. These sprays are important in cotton grown in light soils. In case of Magnesium deficiency, give foliar spray of MgSO4 (0.5%). Farmers are advised to monitor the population of sucking pest and natural enemies at weekly intervals and apply insecticides only at ETL. Spray neem based insecticides @5 ml/ litre of water to manage

sucking pests without harming natural enemies. In case of moderate infestation, foliar spray of Imidacloprid 18.7 SL @ 60 ml or Thiamethoxam 25 WG @40 g/acre is suggested. Whitefly can be managed by spraying Pyriproxifen 10 EC @ 400 ml or Spiromesifen 22.9 SC @240 ml/acre. In pink bollworm affected areas, farmers are advised to install pheromone traps @ 2/ acre to monitor moth and destroy rosette flowers. Give an initial spray of neem-based insecticides @5 ml/ litre of water followed by need based spray of Chlorpyrifos 20%EC (500 ml) or Quinalphos 20AF (400 ml) or Thiodicarb 75 WP (400 g) or Profenophos 50 EC (600 ml) or Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (100 ml) or Emamectin benzoate 5 SG (100 g)/acre. Use of synthetic pyrethroids can be avoided at this stage. Farmers are advised to use only suggested insecticides and tank mixing of insecticides should be avoided. At farmer’s field, cotton leaf curl disease (PDI) ranged from 1.0 to 8.0 per cent and expected to increase in the coming period. Foliar spray of copper oxychloride 50 WP@25 g and Streptocycline@1 g mixed with 10 litres of water should be applied to manage bacterial blight and internal boll rot at initial stages. For management of Myrothecium leaf spot, other fungal foliar leaf spot and fungal boll rot, the crop should be sprayed with propiconazole 25 EC@10 ml or propineb 70 WP@25-30 g or (metiram 55%+pyraclostrobin 5% WG) @20 g or (azoxystrobin 18.2%w/w+difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC)@ 10 ml in 10 litres of water. Maintain optimum moisture and apply required dose of nutrients in cotton grown in light soils so as to manage parawilt. Monitor the cotton fields after rainfall or irrigation. In case of parawilt symptoms, drench plants with carbendazim 50 WP@20 g+urea @100 g mixed in 10 litres of water and foliar spray of cobalt chloride @ 1 g in 100 litres of water is required to be done as soon as possible within 24 to 48 hours.

RAJASTHAN Ajmer 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 At Sriganganagar, the crop is 80 to 117 days at vegetative, square and flowering stages.

Need based irrigation was given, weed hoeing to clean the crop was done during the reporting period. Weeds like Itsit (Trianthema spp.), tandla (Digera arvensis) Motha (Cyperus rotundus) have infested the crop for which mechanical weeding was done to control them. CLCuD appearance noticed in the crop (PDI 5-10 %). Jassid attack recorded below ETL (1.0 to 4.0/3 leaves), Whitefly incidence has started increasing and has reached near ETL (1-18/3 leaves) and thrips population observed ranging from 8-26/3 leaves around ETL. Mealybug noticed in traces. Incidence of Earias spp. on desi and non- Bt American cotton have been recorded around1-4 larvae/plants. In southern Rajasthan (Banswara and surrounding districts), the sown crop is 64 to 70 days at vegetative and flowering stages. Intercultural operations carried out during last week and fields are free from weeds. Applied second dose of Nitrogen. Jassid infestation noticed above ETL. No bollworm infestation till date. The crop is free from diseases.

Jodhpur 0 1 1 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nagaur 0 0 0 0 0

Pali 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0

Sri Ganganagar 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Advisory: At Sriganganagar, farmers are advised to spray 2% KNO3 (Potassium nitrate) wherever the crop is at flowering stage or above 70 to 75 days old. Remove the weeds manually. Spray neem-based insecticides @5 ml or Flonicamid 50 WG @ 80g or Pyriproxyfen 10 EC @ 500 ml/acre for whitefly control. Spray Spinetoram 11.7 SC @ 170 ml or Thiamethoxam 25 WG @20 g/acre to control thrips. Spray Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 100 g or Spinosad 45 SC @ 66 ml/ acre to control spotted bollworm. During next week, the weather is forecasted to be cloudy with no rains. The farmers of southern Rajasthan (Banswara, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh, Dungarpur, Pratapgarh, Rajsamand and Udaipur etc.) are advised to keep a vigil on parawilt incidence, wherein plants show sudden drooping of leaves that ultimately get wilted. The affected plants can be saved by drenching plants with carbendazim 50 WP@20 g+urea @100 g mixed in 10 litres of water and spraying with cobalt chloride @ 1g/100 litres of water (10 ppm) immediately after the appearance of the symptoms. Install pheromone traps (5/ha) to monitor spotted and American bollworm. Farmers are advised to watch the crop and spray any one of insecticide (when infestation seen above ETL) against sucking pests i.e. Buperfezin 25 EC @ 1.25 lit/ha or Acetamiprid 20 EC @100 g/ha or Diafenthiuron 50 WP @625 g/ha or Flonicamid 50 WG @200 g/ha. Do not repeat same insecticides as well same group of insecticides. Avoid tank mixture of two or more insecticides.

ODISHA Koraput 2 1 11 0 0 5 7 12 15 20 At Odisha, the crop is 58 to 65 days old at flowering and boll formation stage. The weather

was hot and humid with scanty rainfall during last week. Second top dressing with N (25% of RDF) weeding and spraying of pesticides and fungicides. Farmers have also applied Buprofezin @ 20 ml/10 litres of water for controlling aphids where its population has crossed ETL. In some patches, Spodoptera incidence has been reported and farmers have applied Profenophos @ 30 ml/10 litres of water to control it. All the three types of weed grasses (Echinochloa sp., Cynodon sp., Brachiaria sp., Digitaria sp., Dactyloctenium sp. etc.) and sedges (Cyperus sp.) and broad leaf weeds (Commelina sp., Phyllanthus sp. Croton sp. etc.) were observed in the cotton field. Manual weeding is going on. Farmers have also applied Quizalofop Ethyl 5% EC @25-30 ml/ 10 litres of water for controlling grassy weeds and Pyrithiobac Sodium 10% EC 25-30 ml/10 litres of water for broad leaf weeds. Incidence of aphids and Spodoptera noticed in all the cotton growing districts. Bacterial leaf blight reported from Kalahandi and Nuapada districts for which Streptocycline 1 g + copper oxychloride 50 WP @25 g /10 litres of water was sprayed. Advisory: Farmers are advised to apply post emergence weedicides for grasses like Quizalofop ethyl 5% EC or Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC @20-25 ml per 10 litres of water and for broadleaf

Kalahandi 0 3 2 0 0 5 6 12 15 20

Balangir 2 4 1 0 0 5 5 15 12 12

weeds, spray Pyrithiobac Sodium 10% EC 15 ml/10 litres of water. Second top dressing with 25% N should be completed at an early date. Regular monitoring of cotton crop for incidence of sucking pests like aphids and thrips and other pests like Spodoptera and spotted bollworm is suggested. Avoid chemical sprays during this period to conserve naturally occurring biological control agents that help to keep pest population under check. Install pheromone traps @ 5 /ha to monitor Spodoptera and spotted bollworm incidence. To control aphid, spray Buprofezin @20 ml/10 litres of water when its population goes above ETL (≥2 affected plants counted randomly showing symptoms cupping / crumpling of few leaves on the upper portion of plant out of 20 plants (10% plants infested). Spray Streptocycline @1 g + copper oxychloride 50 WP @ 25 g /10 litres of water to manage bacterial leaf blight and internal boll rot disease.

GUJARAT Amreli 111 2 86 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 At Surat, cotton sown is at vegetative stage. Intercultural and manual weeding was done

during the reporting period. The field is infested with Chido (Cyperus rotundus)., Satodi (Trianthema monogyna), Dhamdo (Amaranthus viridis) and others. Incidence of thrips noticed above ETL, jassid below ETL and aphids in scatter. Initiation of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) observed from low to medium. At Junagadh, the crop is 63 days old at vegetative and flowering stages. Intercultural, weeding operations and Nitrogenous fertilizer application were taken up during the reporting period. Thrips incidence noticed above ETL. Stem weevil infestation was observed in Junagadh district. Dry spell is continuing in the cotton growing areas. No rains received during last week. Those farmers having irrigation facilities have given life saving irrigation to cotton. Advisory: At Surat, farmers are advised to apply neem-based insecticides, Azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 50 ml or Beauveria bassiana @ 50 g in 10 litres of water, once the incidence of sucking pests crosses ETL. Spray Thiamethoxam 25 WG @40 g or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @170 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @50 g per acre against thrips. Install pheromone traps (5 traps/ha) to monitor pink bollworm. Spray Streptocycline @1 g + Copper oxychloride 50 WP @25 g/10 litres of water for effective management of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease and internal boll rot (prophylactic spray at flowering stage). Post emergent spray of Quizalofop ethyl @ 20-25 ml per 10 litres of water to 25 days old cotton crop with one hand weeding is the most effective method for the management of weeds. In case of heavy rains, farmers are advised to drain out excess rain water from the cotton fields to avoid water logging condition as there is medium to heavy rainfall in South Gujarat. Application of urea (2%) at the base of plant (root system) by making 3 to 4 holes with stick or rod for proper aeration is suggested which will reduce parawilting symptoms, if persists. Also, farmers can drench

Bhavnagar 7 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 0

Jamnagar 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0

Rajkot 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

Junagadh 0 1 10 0 1 1 2 0 0 0

Sabarkantha 0 0 0 0 0

Surendranagar 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ahmedabad 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

Baroda 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Patan 0 0 0 0 0

Mehesana 0 0 0 0 0

with Carbendazim 50 WP @ 20 g + urea @ 100-150 g in 10 litres of water. For the management of wilt and root rot disease, spot application with carbendazim 50 WP @ 2 g per litre of water or Trichoderma harzianum or Trichoderma viride @10 g/ litre of water is suggested and for Fusarium wilt patches to be done along with one meter radius of healthy plants in desi cotton fields.

At Junagadh, farmers are advised to take up earthling operations with suggested dose of Nitrogen and Potash fertilizers (Urea 25+25 MoP kg/acre). If sucking pest population crosses ETL, spray Beauveria bassiana @ 60 g or neem based insecticides @50 ml or Flonicamid 50 WG @4 g or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @8.5 g in 10 litres of water or Dinotefuran 20 SG @3 g in 10 litres of water. Thiamethoxam 25 WG @2 g/acre or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @8.5 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @3g/10 litre of water can be sprayed against thrips. Install pheromone traps @2/ acre to monitor moth of pink bollworm and if bacterial blight disease observed and for internal boll rot (prophylactic measure at flowering stage), spray streptocycline @1 g + Copper oxychloride 50 WP @25 g/ 10 litres of water. If moisture stress observed, give life saving irrigation to cotton. Spray alpha-Naphthyl acetic acid 4.5 SL @4 ml in 10 litres of water to manage flower/square dropping in cotton.

MADHYA PRADESH

Khargaon At Khandwa, the crop is 90 to 102 days old at flowering and boll formation stages Weeds like Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis and Commelina naudiculus etc. have infested the fields, controlled by hand weeding/ bullock drawn implement (Kulpa) as and when the field condition permitted. Incidence of jassid, aphid and whitefly noticed along with initial infestation of pink boll worm and grey weevil in traces. No incidence of disease noticed. Advisory: Farmers are advised to take up intercultural operations as per requirement. Apply suggested dose of chemical fertilizers at 95 days, if not done. The required dose is 150 Kg N, 75 Kg P2O5 and 60 Kg K2O. Apply full 25% Nitrogen by column method. During the application of chemical fertilizers, adequate soil moisture should be available in the field. In case mixed infestations of whitefly and jassid is observed and either of them above ETL, apply Flonicamid 50 WG @ 80 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 60 g/acre. If mixed infestation of whitefly and thrips observed and either of them above ETL, apply Diafenthiuron @ 200 g/acre. Apply Chlorpyrifos 20%EC (500 ml) or Quinalphos 20AF (400 ml) or Thiodicarb 75 WP (400g) or Profenophos 50 EC (600 ml) or Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (100 ml) or Emamectin benzoate 5 SG (100 g)/acre wherever pink bollworm crosses ETL. Install pheromone traps @ 2/acre to regularly monitor pink bollworm.

Dhar 3 12 2 9 0 10 2 0 0 0

Khandwa

MAHARASHTRA Dhule 8 4 0 0 0 4 2 1 2 6 At Akola, the crop is of 65 to 70 days old at square formation and flowering stage. The early

Nandurbar 4 1 0 0 0 14 3 3 2 3 sown crop is at boll formation stage. The weather during the reporting period was cloudy with less sunshine hours with less evaporation rate. Intercultural operations like hoeing and weeding operations, weedicide spray in late sown cotton crop and top dressing of fertilizers were taken up. However, insecticides spray was not possible due to continuous rains during the week. Some fields are infested with weeds due to continuous rainfall as weeding and other intercultural operations were not possible. Infestation of sucking pests like jassid and thrips were observed in some fields. The infestation of spotted and pink bollworm was also observed. Parawilt was observed in Bt cotton fields due to continuous rainfall. At Nanded, the crop is 55 to 85 days old at vegetative and square formation stage, fertilizer application, intercultural and plant protection were taken up. Weeds like Cynadon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Digeria arvensis, Merremia emarginata, Xanthium strumarium, Cassia tora, Acalypha indica, Achyranthes aspera, Alternanthera sessilis, Eclipta alba, Parthenium hysterophorus, Phyllanthus niruri, Digitaria sanguinalis, Dinebra retroflexa, Setaria viridis have infested the fields. Aphid, jassid and thrips incidence was observed. Alternaria was noticed in few fields. At Rahuri, the crop is 66 to 100 days at squaring, flowering and boll formation stages. The weather was clear to cloudy to rainy during the reporting period. Weeding and hoeing has been taken up. Weeds like Lavala, hariyal, choti dudhi Chandvel, Undirkani etc. have infested the fields. Incidence of sucking pests and pink bollworm attack noticed but below ETL. Bacterial leaf blight 3-4 % noticed in the fields. Advisory: At Akola, farmers are advised to drain out the excess water from fields in the area where heavy rainfall occurred. If symptoms of parawilting observed in cotton, farmers are advised to undertake drenching of carbendazim 50 WP @25g + Urea @100g in 10 litres of water. Spray 2% urea at flowering stage and 2% DAP at boll development stage of cotton. It is suggetsed to spray alpha-NAA 4.5 SL @ 5 ml /10 litres of water to avoid natural shedding of squares and flowers of cotton and it is also suggested to undertake the spray of chlormequat chloride 50 SL @ 10 ml/10 litres of water to restrict the excess vegetative growth of cotton. Apply second split of 90 kg urea per ha for irrigated hybrid Bt. For the management of sucking pests of cotton above ETL, it is advised to spray Imidachloprid 17.8%SL @3ml or Flonicamid 50 WG @4 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @3 g/ 10 litres of water. Thiamethoxam 25 WG @2 g/acre or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @8.5 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @3 g/10 litres of water can be sprayed against thrips. Apply neem based insecticides @50 ml or Chlorpyrifos 20% EC @25 ml or Quinalphos 20 AF @20 ml or Thiodicarb 75 WP @20 g or Profenophos 50 EC @30 ml or Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @5 ml or Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @5 g per 10 litres of water wherever pink bollworm crosses ETL. Install pheromone traps @

Jalgaon 5 0 2 4 0 8 1 6 2 4

Ahmednagar 8 13 28 0 0 27 5 5 3 4

Aurangabad 18 3 7 0 0 23 2 6 1 5 Jalna 0 40 0 0 0 32 3 6 1 1

Beed 5 0 0 0 0 27 24 8 1 4

Nanded 0 0 0 0 0 18 29 18 10 15

Parbhani 24 24 10 2 4

Hingoli 22 5 0 0 2 17 10 6 1 8

Buldhana 5 9 0 0 0 3 2 1 2 5

Akola 2 27 3 0 0 1 1 5 5 6

Washim 0 0 0 0 0 7 2 5 5 7

Amravati 11 5 2 1 0 2 2 3 2 4

Yavatmal 3 1 1 4 1 8 2 5 2 7 Wardha 6 0 10 0 0 2 1 3 4 6

Nagpur 0 0 1 0 0 6 7 5 8 12

Chandrapur 2 0 0 0 0 6 2 2 4 12

2/acre to regularly monitor pink bollworm. For the management of parawilt, drenching plants with carbendazim 50 WP@20 g+urea @100 g mixed in 10 litres of water is suggested. At Nanded, farmers are advised to give top dressing of 36 kg N/ha in rainfed crop at 60 DAS. Spraying of 2% MgSO4 should be done at flowering and boll development stage. Intercultural operations are to be carried out after 15 days of interval. Proper drainage should be provided to avoid stagnation of water in field to avoid wilting in view of rainfall predictions in coming week. Spray Flonicamid 50 WG @ 4 g or Dinotefuron 50 WP @ 3 g/10 litres of water to manage sucking pests considering its ETL. Thiamethoxam 25 WG @2 g/acre or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @8.5 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @3 g/10 litres of water can be sprayed against thrips. Install pheromone trap to monitor moth activity. Apply neem based insecticides @50ml or Chlorpyrifos 20%EC 25ml or Quinalphos 20 AF @20 ml or Thiodicarb 75 WP @20 g or Profenophos 50 EC @30 ml or Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @5 ml or Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @5 g against pink bollworm. For the management of Alternaria leaf spot and other fungal spots, the crop should be sprayed with propiconazole 25 EC@10 ml or propineb 70 WP@25-30 g or (metiram 55%+pyraclostrobin 5% WG) @20 g or (azoxystrobin 18.2%w/w+difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC) @ 10 ml in 10 litres of water. At Rahuri, farmers are advised to install pheromone traps @2/ acre for monitoring and if required 8 per acre for mass trapping of pink bollworm. Spray Profenofos @30 ml or Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 5 g per 10 litres of water if pink bollworm crosses ETL. Install yellow sticky traps @8-10/acre for whitefly and jassid, blue sticky traps @ 8-10/acre for thrips, spray NSKE 5% or Azadirachtin once the infestation of sucking pest crosses ETL, spray Verticillium lecanii @50 g /10 litres of water or Buprofezin 25 SC @20 ml/10 litres of water or Flonicamid 50 WG @4 g/ 10 litres of water for their management. Thiamethoxam 25 WG @2 g/acre or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @8.5 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @3 g/10 litres of water can be sprayed against thrips. For the management of bacterial leaf blight and internal boll rot (prophylactic measure at flowering stage), spray of copper oxychloride 50 WP @25 g+ streptocycline @ 1 g in 10 litres of water is suggested. In Maharashtra, there is prediction of rainfall especially in Marathwada and Vidarbha region. Therefore; farmers are suggested to immediate give prophylactic spray of copper oxychloride 50 WP @25 g+ streptocycline @ 1 g mixed in 10 litres of water for the prevention of internal boll rot and bacterial blight at this flowering stage of cotton. In addition to this, Infestation of sucking pests (Thrips and jassids) should be monitored during squaring, flowering and early boll development stages and their management as follows (60-120 days crop stage): spray of Thiamethoxam 25 WG @3 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @ 3 g or Diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 12 g in 10 litres of water. (Knapsack or battery operated sprayer). If

thrips infestation is prominent then spray Thiamethoxam 25 WG @2 g/acre or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @8.5 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @3 g/10 litres of water.

TELANGANA

Adilabad 13 1 0 0 0 30 15 15 10 18 At Warangal and Adilabad the crop is 65- 75 days old at flowering stage. The crop condition is good. The incidence of jassid was observed at few locations. Less incidence of Cercospora leaf spot, Alternaria leaf spot and bacterial blight was noticed in few fields. No incidence of other pests. Observed incidence of pink boll worm in early sown crop. Advisory: Farmers are advised to monitor the crop for pest and diseases regularly and advised to apply third dose of nitrogen and potash fertilizers 25 kg urea and 10 kg MOP per acre. Spray neem oil 5 ml/litre for the control of sucking pests at initial stages (below ETL). In early sown crop, install 2 pheromone trap per acre. If crossed above ETL spray of Profenophos 50% EC @ 30 ml/10 litres of water. Spray Flonicamid 50 WG @ 4 g or Dinotefuron 50 WP @ 3 g/10 litres of water to manage sucking pests considering its ETL. Removal of weed hosts like Parthenium and Thuthur benda which acts like alternate host for pests and diseases. For the management of Cercospora and Alternaria leaf spots, spray with carbendazim 50 WP @10 g or propiconazole 25 EC@10 ml or propineb 70 WP@25-30 g or (metiram 55%+pyraclostrobin 5% WG) @20 g or (azoxystrobin 18.2%w/w+difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC) @ 10 ml in 10 litres of water is recommended. Also, prophylactic spray of copper oxychloride 50 WP @25 g+ streptocycline @ 1 g mixed in 10 litres of water is suggested at flowering stage for the prevention of internal boll rot and bacterial blight disease.

Warangal 0 0 13 25 0 10 17 12 13 6

Khammam 1 0 1 0 0 7 29 17 19 11

Karimnagar 0 0 2 0 0 8 34 9 16 8

Mahabubnagar 0 10 0 0 0 19 19 17 13 24

ANDHRA PRADESH Guntur 0 24 50 0 0 5 10 14 8 7 At Guntur, the sown crop is 28 to 60 days old at vegetative to squaring and flowering stage.

Intercultural operations followed by line weeding have been taken up. Sprayed post emergence herbicides viz., Quizalofop ethyl@400 ml/litres per acre and Pyrithiobac Sodium @250 ml /litres per acre to control grassy and broadleaf weeds where inter cultivation was not feasible due to rains. Sucking pests’ incidence were below ETL; Incidence of thrips was observed at few places. Pink bollworm infestation started in the early sown crop and rosette flowers were observed below ETL. Traces of leaf spots and tobacco streak virus diseases noticed in the cotton fields.

At Nandyal, the crop is 47 to 55 days old at vegetative stage. Bright sunshine with humid weather with no rains prevailed during the week. Grassy weeds like Cynodon spp., Boerhavia erecta, Trianthema portulacastrum have infested the fields. Sticky traps have been erected in the farmers’ fields to monitor sucking pests. Thrips, aphids and jassids were noticed below ETL. No incidence of diseases.

Prakasam 3 2 2 0 0 7 10 15 8 10

Advisory: At Guntur, farmers are advised to give first or second dose of urea and potash by pocketing in soil based on moisture condition in the field. Install pheromone traps @ 2 per acre and on crossing ETL, 8 per acre for mass trapping of pink bollworm adults. Picking and destruction of rosette flowers should be done. Apply neem based insecticides @50 ml or Chlorpyrifos 20%EC @25 ml or Quinalphos 20 AF @20 ml or Thiodicarb 75 WP @20 g or Profenophos 50 EC @30 ml or Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @5 ml or Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @5 g against pink bollworm. Spray Flonicamid 50 WG @ 4 g or Dinotefuron 50 WP @ 3 g/10 litres of water to manage sucking pests considering its ETL. Spray Thiamethoxam 25 WG @40 g or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @170 g or Dinotefuran 20 SG @50 g per acre against thrips. Maintain field hygiene to prevent pests and disease incidence. For the management of leaf spots, spray with carbendazim 50 WP @10 g or propiconazole 25 EC@10 ml or propineb 70 WP@25-30 g or (metiram 55%+pyraclostrobin 5% WG) @20 g or (azoxystrobin 18.2%w/w+difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC) @ 10 ml in 10 litres of water is suggested. Whereas, tobacco streak virus disease can be control by management of thrips infestation in the field by the use of suggested insecticides.

At Nandyal, farmers are advised to monitor the crop regularly for sucking pest incidence and observe the ETL levels. Install sticky traps to monitor sucking pests. Grow cowpea as bund crop which is advantageous to encourage predacious insects like coccinellids, syrphids and chrysopids. Install pheromone traps @ 2 acre of pink bollworm monitoring. Install yellow sticky traps for jassid and whitefly monitoring while blue sticky traps for thrips @ 8-10/acre. When pink bollworm crosses ETL spray of Profenophos 50% EC @ 30 ml/10 litres of water.

KARNATAKA In North Karnataka, under UAS, Dharwad Jurisdiction (Dharwad, Haveri, Belagavi, Bagalakot, Vijayapur, Gadag & Uttarkannada Districts), the crop is 60 to 75 days old at flowering to square formation stage. Cloudy conditions with scanty rains prevailed during the reporting week in cotton growing areas of all districts. Hand weeding and inter cultivation for weed management was done. Top dressing with urea at 60 DAS was done Hand collection of shoot weevil from the Okra as a trap crop was done. Dominant grass, Cyanodon dactylon and sedge, Cyperus rotundus, Digitaria marginata and Tridax procumbense have infested the cotton fields. Shoot weevil, thrips and aphid infestation was in moderate status. Alternaria blight (Alternaria macrospora) incidence was in moderate status. At Raichur, the early sown crop is 70 to 75 days old and late sown crop 50 days old. Very late sown crop is 25 to 30 days old at vegetative stage. Weather was generally humid and

Dharwad 0 9 0 0 0 5 4 5 7 8

Haveri 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 5 10 7

Mysore 7 0 40 2 0 12 14 14 14 12

partially cloudy. Intercultural operations were taken up in early sown crop and started in late sown crop. Basal application of fertilizers was given to the newly sown crop, third top dressing with Urea and MOP for the early sown crop, second top dressing with Urea and MOP for late sown crop and third top dressing with urea and MOP for very late sown crop were given. Weeds were noticed in early sown crop. Inter-cultivation was done for the early sown crop. Post emergent application of Pyrithiobac Sodium 10 EC (herbicide) @ 1.5 ml in 1 litre of water was done to 25 days old crop. Thrips were noticed in few farmers’ fields. Fipronil @ 1 ml in 1 litre of water was suggetsed.to control them. Jassid and aphids were noticed for which Flomicamid 50 WG@ 4 g or Dinetufuron 20 SG@ 3 g/10 litres of water was applied against the pests. At Chamarajanagar, the crop is 97 to 104 days old at boll development to boll opening stages. Incidence of aphids and jassid noticed but below ETL. Incidence of pink bollworm 5 to 6% and Tobacco streak virus (TSV) - 2 to 3% were observed. Overall, the crop is in good condition. Advisory: In North Karnataka, under UAS, Dharwad Jurisdiction (Dharwad, Haveri, Belagavi, Bagalakot, Vijayapur, Gadag & Uttarkannada districts), farmers are advised to take up hand weeding and intercultural operations for management of weeds. Spray Pyrithiobac Sodium 6% EC w/w+ Quizalofop-ethyl 4% EC w/w MEC @ 2.5 ml/litre of water to manage weeds. Spray Profenophos 50 EC @ 2.0 ml/ litre of water to manage shoot weevil and pink

bollworm. Spray Fipronil 5 SC @ 3.0 ml/ litre or Flonicamid 50 WG @ 0.4 g/litre of water against sucking pest. Install pheromone traps @ 2 nos/acre to monitor pink bollworm infestation. Spray carbendazim 50 WP @10 g or propiconazole 25 EC@10 ml or propineb 70 WP@25-30 g or (metiram 55%+ pyraclostrobin 5% WG) @20 g or (azoxystrobin 18.2%w/w+ difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC) @ 10 ml in 10 litres of water is suggested to manage Alternaria blight. . At Raichur, farmers are advised to take up inter cultivation in early sown crop fields. Basal application of fertilizers is suggested to the late sown crop. Apply second top dressing with Urea and MOP to the early sown crop and first top dressing with Urea and MOP to late sown crop. Spray post emergent herbicide, Pyrithiobac Sodium 10 EC @ 1.5 ml in 1 litre of water to 25-30 days old cotton crop. Install pheromone traps @ 2/ acre to monitor pink bollworm moths. Drain out excess rain water in the cotton fields. Spray Flonicamid 50 WG@ 4 g/10 litres of water against leaf hoppers and aphids, Profenophos @30 ml/10 litres of water against sucking pests and pink bollworm. Foliar spray of 1% 19: 19: 19 (10 grams in 1 litre of water) + 1% MgSO4 (10 grams in 1 litre of water) is suggested.

At Chamarajanagar, as the pest population is below ETL, farmers are advised not to spray any chemicals. Spraying of alpha-NAA 4.5 SL @ 0.5 ml/litre and Magnesium sulphate @ 10 g/litre of water is suggested. Tobacco streak virus disease can be control by management of thrips infestation in the field by the use of suggested insecticides.

TAMIL NADU

Perambalur 1 0 8 10 4 At Coimbatore and neighboring cotton growing districts, winter irrigated cotton is 20 to 30 days old at germination to vegetative stages. Ploughing, sowing, gap filling, thinning and top dressing of fertilizers were done during the reporting period. Sedge weeds have infested the fields managed with post emergence herbicide spray. Sucking pests, boll worms and mealybug infestation noticed in cotton fields. Collar rot and damping off diseases were noticed for which farmers were advised to drench with combination of Tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin - 0.75 g/litre at 15 days interval. At Srivilliputhur, sowing has started and the crop is 0 to 12 days old at germination stage. Land preparation in many parts of the area and sowing in some parts of the area is going on. Trianthema portulacatrum, Cyperus spp. and Cynadon dactylon etc. are the major weeds that have infested the fields. No incidence of pests and diseases. Advisory: At Coimbatore and neighbouring cotton growing districts, winter irrigated sown farmers are advised to take up post emergence herbicide and need base top dressing of N & K fertilizers. Treat seeds with Trichoderma asperellum @4 g or Bacillus subtilis @10 g/kg of seed suggested to manage stem weevil and seed borne diseases in cotton. Spray Azadirachtin 0.03% EC @1000 ml/acre/ Emamectin benzoate 5% SG @100 g/acre/ Spinosad 45.0% SC @66ml/acre if American bollworm incidence goes above ETL. Spray Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 60 ml/acre/ Acetamaprid 20% SP @20 g/ acre/ Fipronil 5% SC @600 ml/acre for Jassid management. Azadirachtin 0.03% EC @1000 ml/acre/ imidacloprid 17.8% SL @60 ml/acre / Thiamethoxam 25% WG @20 g/acre is suggested to control aphids. Monitor whiteflies by installing yellow sticky traps @ 5 /acre and spray Azadirachtin 0.15% @ 1000 ml/acre/ Fipronil 5 SC @600 ml/acre / Thiamethoxam 25 WG @40 g/acre. For effective management of mealybugs remove alternate weeds hosts, monitor the incidence regularly for crawler emergence to take up the management at initial stage to get maximum control and spray Profenophos @ 600 ml /acre as an alternative. Drench with combination of Tebuconazole + Trifloxystrobin - 0.75 g/litre at 15 days interval for the management of root rot and damping off in cotton. Soil application of Trichoderma asperellum or Bacillus subtilis-2.5 kg/ha + 250 kg of well decomposed FYM should be done to manage soil borne diseases in cotton. For the management of collar rot diseases, drenching with carbendazim 50 WP @25 g is suggested at early symptomatic plants. However, seed treatment with (Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% DS) @3.5 g per kg of

Salem 0 28 1 0 0 15 2 10 15 15

Trichy 6 1 8 8 6

Virudhunagar 0 0 6 8 10

seeds (root rot and bacterial diseases) or Thiram 75% WS @3 g per kg seed for seed borne fungal diseases or Fluxapyroxad (333 g/L FS) @1.5 ml per kg seed or Tetraconazole 11.6% W/W (12.5% w/v) SL @1.5 ml per kg of seeds for seed borne diseases (for root rot disease) is the best strategy.

At Srivilliputhur, farmers are advised to continue sowing by utilizing the rainfall in rainfed areas also. Treat the seeds with Imidacloprid 600 FS @ 7 g/kg of seeds. It is suggested to maintain optimum plant population spacing of 75 x 30 cm, 45 x 15 cm and 120 or 90 x 60 cm for varieties, rainfed and hybrid cotton, respectively. Optimum seed rate is to be followed viz., 15, 20 and 2.5 kg/ ha for varieties, rainfed and hybrid cotton respectively. Soil test-based fertilizer recommendation or blanket recommendation of 80:40:40, 40:20:20, 120:60:60 kg/ NPK / ha is to be followed. During sowing, basal application of full dose of P, half dose of N and K should be applied. Pre-emergence herbicide application of Pendimethalin @ 5 ml per liter of water should be applied within 24 to 48 hours of sowing to control the early emergence of weeds.

Rainfall (mm) Legend colour 0.0 mm rainfall (no rainfall) Blank space express data not available. Source: http://agromet.imd.gov.in/index.php/download/download_state_wise

<5 5-20 21-50 51-80 >80