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A Seminar On

HYBRID CAR

WHAT IS A HYBRID?

A hybrid is a vehicle that is propelled by two

power sources.

Internal combustion engine (ICE)

+

Electric motor powered by batteries.

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OBJECTIVES

Types of hybrid vehicles

Hybrid vehicle operation

Commonly asked questions about hybrids

The pay back rate of hybrids

Advantages and disadvantages of owning a

hybrid

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LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES

Full hybrid

They feature idle-stop function

Regenerative braking

Most are capable of using the electric motor

alone to propel the vehicle

The electric motor also assists the engine

Battery voltages are about 200 to 300 volts

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LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES

Medium hybrid

They feature idle-stop function

Regenerative braking

Most are not capable of using the electric

motor alone to propel the vehicle

The electric motor usually assists the engine

Battery voltages are about 144 to 158 volts

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LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES

Mild Hybrid

They feature idle-stop function

Regenerative braking

Are not capable of using the electric motor to

propel the vehicle

These systems are usually 42 volts or less

BASIC COMPONENTS

Power plant ICE

Electric motor / Generator

Battery

Transmission

Inverter

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TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES

Series hybrid Vehicle propulsion is by a electric motor only

ICE is used for charging the HV battery

SERIES HYBRID

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TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES

Parallel hybrid Uses multiple propulsion energy sources

This means the electric motor and ICE propels the vehicle

PARALLEL HYBRID

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TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES

Series-parallel hybrid These vehicles can operate using the electric motor

alone or with assist of the ICE

They combine both functions of series and parallel design

DRIVE MODES OF OPERATION

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MAINTENANCE

Hybrid vehicles require the same

maintenance as regular vehicles

However, some hybrids require inverter

flushes and battery filter changes.

There be additional costs involved in

replacing low rolling resistance tires.

Vehicle repairs may cost more than a regular

vehicle

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HOW LONG WILL A HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY

LAST?

Most hybrid high voltage batteries last 180,000 to 240,000 miles

Manufacture battery warranties

Honda8 years / 80,000 miles

Toyota8 years / 100,000 miles

Ford 8 years / 100,000 miles

General Motors8 years / 100,000 miles 15

ARE HYBRID VEHICLES SAFE?

The following will disable the high voltage system

High voltage interlock circuit

Airbag deployment

High voltage leak

Removing battery negative

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WHAT HAPPENS IF A HYBRID VEHICLE IS

SUBMERGED IN WATER?

There is no risk of electric shock from

touching the car's body or framework—in

or out of the water.

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ALL ELECTRIC VEHICLE PERFORMANCE

Speeds range from 25-90+ mph

Distances per charge range from 25-250 miles

Equivalent mileages @ $4.00/gal gas:

• Cars 100-200 mpg

• Motorcycles 200-400 mpg

Considerably less maintenance/complexity

• No fluids, muffler, water pump, oil, belts, starter

• Longer life brakes (regen), less heat degradation

• No stops at gas station or oil changes, starts in winter,

fewer places to pay bills (home electric bill)

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HYBRID VEHICLE VS REGULAR VEHICLE

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Better mileage

Improved acceleration

(most of the time)

Less dependence on fossil

fuels

Lower emissions

Some states provide

incentives for driving a

hybrid

Great driving experience

Little highway mileage

increase

High initial cost

Needs high fuel cost to be

worthwhile

Could cost more to repair

Extra maintenance items

Some hybrids need special

tires

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CONCLUSION

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REFERENCE

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