home and market
DESCRIPTION
Home and Market. Growth of Trade. More products Greater variety Greater amount Beginning of mass production Decline of home production. Commercial Agriculture. Growing wheat, corn Steel plow invented by Cyrus McCormick Credit Feeding eastern cities - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Home and Market
• More products• Greater variety• Greater amount• Beginning of mass production• Decline of home production
Growth of Trade
• Growing wheat, corn• Steel plow invented by Cyrus McCormick• Credit• Feeding eastern cities• Eastern farmers focus on dairy, fruits, veggies
Commercial Agriculture
• Urbanization• Greater interconnectedness (canals, railroads)
Westward migration – “Manifest Destiny” (1845)
– Craftsmen lose autonomy– Work split up into smaller tasks– Interchangeable parts– Clocks, guns, tools, shoes, etc.– Mechanization– British technology stolen
Factory System
– Most from Ireland, Germany– Most went to the North– Only Baltimore, New Orleans, and St. Louis got
many immigrants
Immigration
– Why?• Peasants pushed off land• Industrialization costs craft jobs• Steamship, railroad make travel easier
The Marketplace
• New• Atomistic• Anonymous• Disorder• Anxiety for churches and families
Individualism
• Free labor – Your labor is your property– Sell it on the market
• “Self-made man”• Possessive individualism
New Gender Roles
• Public vs. private sphere• Public=men• Private=women, domestic, family
Rise of the Middle Class
• Some young women work in factories• Home for nurturing children• Not site of production
Cult of Domesticity
– Women have control over their “sphere”– New emphasis on women’s role with kids
Self-improvement
– Manners books– Temperance societies– Idea of bourgeois respectability
2nd Great Awakening
• 1820s-1850s?• Series of revivals• “burned over district” in upstate NY
2nd Great Awakening
• Americans look for redemption• Old ways under threat• Patriarchy• New ideas, new ways of living