Hitler’s Aggression

Before WWII

1.By 1933, Hitler created a fascist police state in Germany.

I. Hitler’s Rise to Power

3. He then began to take land for his Third Reich

2. He defied the Treaty of Versailles and built a powerful military

II. Hitler’s Aggression(Mark the steps of aggression on your map)

1. Germany Remilitarized the Rhineland (the area between France and Germany)

2. Hitler unified Germany and Austria (1938)

3. Hitler takes Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia (1938)

III. Allied Response•The Allies APPEASED (gave in)

Hitler. •England, France, Germany and

Italy signed the MUNICH PACT•This allowed Hitler to take over

territory if he agreed to stop aggression

•The USSR & Germany sign a Non-aggression Pact.

IV. Hitler’s Aggression Continues

Germany attacks Poland from the west; the USSR attacks Poland from the east. This was agreed upon secretly in the Non-Aggression Pact.

V. Blitzkrieg!“Lightning War”

Hitler’s military strategy to take land quickly. Airplanes strafe the ground with machine guns; tanks & infantry follow, moving quickly and destroying everything in sight.

The Second World War begins . . .

SEPTEMBER 3, 1939 ENGLAND AND FRANCE DECLARE WAR ON

GERMANY

Battles of

World War II

I. The War in North Africa

•With the help of Italy’s Mussolini the Germans controlled most of North Africa By April of 1940.

•British General Montgomery was facing German Field Marshall Rommel, also known as the Desert Fox.

II. THE WAR IN WESTERN EUROPE…

•In May of 1940 the Nazis invade France.

•A pro Nazi government was set up in Southern France called the Vichy Government.

•Great Britain stood alone against Hitler

• The Battle of Britain an air battle began as Hitler bombed British cities.

•The night bombing of London was aimed at civilians.

• The new Prime Minister of England, Winston Churchill gave hope when he said, “This is our finest hour”.

• The Royal Air Force or the RAF, fought the Germans at odds of 8 Nazi planes to 1 British plane.

• Churchill said, “We shall never surrender”

III.WAR IN EASTERN EUROPE

•In 1941 Hitler turns on Stalin and begins Operation Barbarossa an attack on the Soviet Union.

•Stalin issues the scorched earth policy burning Russian land as the Germans attack.

•The city of Leningrad is under siege for 1000 days.

•The Russian winter brought hardships and starvation for all.

•In 1942 Hitler attacks the City of Stalingrad.

•The people in Leningrad were so hungry they ate rats and shoe leather.

•Hitler was close to conquering the Soviet Union.

IV. War in the Pacific . .

.

•Meanwhile in the Pacific the Japanese said, “The Pacific is ours”

•Japan planned to take over Manchuria, Korea and the Philippines.

•Japan wanted to take over the rest of the islands in the Pacific

•This was called the Tanaka Plan.

•On December 7, 1941 Japan attacked the US pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.

•On December 8,1941 the United States declared war on Japan and Germany.

• President Roosevelt said, “This is a day which will live in infamy”.

The Turning Point of the

War

I. North Africa and Southern

Europe

• General Montgomery and US General Patton turned back the Nazi’s at El Alamein in Egypt.

• They pushed the Germans back to Tunisa where they escaped back to Italy.

II. Eastern and Western Europe

•The Russian winters badly crippled Germany.

•The Russians were finally able to turn the Germans out of Stalingrad.

•Allied forces prepare for Operation Overlord or D-Day.

• On June 6, 1944 allied forces crossed the English Channel and landed on the beaches of Normandy in Northern France.

•In July 1944 German top ranking soldiers tried to assassinate Hitler, but the plot failed.

•Hitler killed all the conspirators.

•After D-Day the Allies liberated France and then pushed east towards Germany.

Germany tried but failed to push the Americans out of Europe in their last offensive at the Battle of the Bulge.

•American troops moving east and Soviet troops moving west met at the River Elbe. •The Soviets attacked Berlin,•Hitler committed suicide, resistance fighters shot Mussolini.•Germany surrendered May 7th 1945 •The allies celebrated V-E Day or Victory in Europe.

III. In the Pacific

•Meanwhile the United States decodes Japanese plans to attack the Island of Midway.

•This results in a US Victory at Midway.

•General MacArthur regained the Philippines.

•Hundreds of Japanese pilots volunteer for suicide missions known as Kamikazes.

•The US decides to drop the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima August 6 1945.

•Three days later a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki.

•Japan surrendered on August 14,1945.

THE COST

1 trillion dollars

55 million lives