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HERBS

FOR

HEALTHY

LIFE

Department of Rural Development

Roshni Nilaya, 2016

Herbs for healthy life

Published by : Department of Rural Development School of Social Work, Roshni Nilaya

First Edition : 2016 (English Version)

Compiled by : Shibili Suhanah, I BA Wallace Sequeira, III BA

Inputs from : All Students of Dept of Rural Development

Cover Design : Jitesh Rao, Alumni

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. Foreword 1 B. Herbal plants 4

1. Aloe Vera 4 2. Amla 6 3. Ashoka tree 8 4. Ashwagandha 10 5. Bael 12 6. Brahmi 14 7. Cinnamon 16 8. Cloves 18 9. Country borage 20 10. Curry tree 22 11. Drumsticks 24 12. Fenugreek 26 13. Garlic 28 14. Ginger 30 15. Glory Lilly 32 16. Guduchi 34 17. Henna 36 18. Indian sarsaparilla 38

19. Kadu Basale 40 20. Kalmegh 42 21. Lemon 44 22. Lemongrass 46 23. Malabar nut 48 24. Neem 50 25. Para cress flowers 52 26. Pepper 54 27. Periwinkle 56 28. Pongamia pinnata 58 29. Pudina 60 30. Sandal wood 62 31. Sea Buckthorn 64 32. Seed-under leaf 66 33. Spinach 68 34. Spring onion 70 35. St. John’s Wort 72 36. Sweet flag 74 37. Thumbai 76 38. Thyme 78 39. Touch-me-not 80 40. Tulsi 82 41. Turmeric 84

HERBS FOR HEALTHY LIFE Department of Rural development

School of Social Work, Roshni Nilaya 1

Foreword…

Nature has a solution for everything under the sun. Nature facilitates the growth of all living beings on this earth with its natural touch. Nature is a wonderful creation of the Almighty. Herbs or Herbal plants being part of nature are significant for almost all physical, psychological and spiritual well-being. Use of herbal medicines is also known as ‘Ayurveda’. Ayurveda is an ancient medical science which was developed in India thousands of years ago, which is also known for its holistic approach.

Ancient India has a strong connection with nature and Herbs. From time immemorial, herbs were an integral part of diet, flavour, health and cosmetics. Herbs have its reference

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in ancient Indian literature, tradition and mythology.

Being disconnected from the towns and its privileges, people in rural India depend highly on Herbal medicine.

The department of Rural Development, while facilitating students to acquire appropriate Attitude, Skills and Knowledge, also attempts to promote their knowledge base in Herbal Medicine. This booklet is an outcome of students’ project - ‘Adopt, Nurture and Explore, a Herbal Plant’.

Anuradha Shetty Staff Coordinator Department of Rural Development

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“Let food be thy medicine

and medicine be thy food.”

-Hippocrates

Father of Western Medicine

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Herbal plants

ALOE VERA

Aloe vera is a succulent plant species of the genus Aloe.

Aloe vera mixed with a few drops of lemon juice, can help in the reduction of acne and acne scars.

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The aloe gel can work wonders on your skin by reducing acne and clearing the blemishes and scars that get left behind.

Aloe vera increases the water content in your skin, and leaves it hydrated without making it greasy.

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AMLA

Phyllanthus Emblica is also known as Amla or Indian Gooseberry.

In traditional Indian medicine, dried and fresh fruits of the plant are used. All parts of the plant are used in various Ayurvedic/Unani

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medicine (Jawarish amla) herbal preparations, including the fruit, seed, leaves, root, bark and flowers.

According to Ayurveda, amla fruit is sour and astringent in taste, with sweet, bitter and pungent secondary tastes. Its qualities are light and dry, the post digestive effect is sweet and its energy is cooling.

Amla shampoos and hair oil are traditionally believed to nourish the hair and scalp and prevent premature grey hair.

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ASHOKA TREE

Ashoka tree, also known as Saraca Asoca, is one of the most legendary and sacred trees of India and holds an invaluable importance in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. It is also known as Sit Ashok or sorrow-less tree.

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The barks, seeds and flowers of the tree are helpful in preparing capsules and tonics to solve various gynecological problems of women.It also reduces excessive bleeding, leucorrhea and headache for women. Because of chloroform and methanol properties, the bark is used to cure bacterial and fungal infections.

Dried flowers are used to cure diabetes. The extracted juice from the flower is used to cure dysentery.

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ASHWA

GANDHA

Withania somnifera, known commonly as Ashwagandha, poison gooseberry or Winter cherry is used as an Ayurvedic medicine.

The plant's long, brown, tuberous roots are used in traditional medicine. In Ayurveda, the

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berries and leaves are applied externally to tumors, tubercular glands, carbuncles, and ulcers.

The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha. The traditional use is as a powder, mixed with warm milk and honey, and taken before bed.

Yemen, where it is known as ubab, the dried leaves are ground to a powder from which a paste is made and used in the treatment of burns and wounds.

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BAEL

Aegle marmelos, commonly known as bael also golden apple, Japanese bitter orange, stone apple or wood apple is a species of tree native to Bangladesh and India.

The plant species act as a climate purifier by absorbing poisonous gas from the atmosphere.

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The products obtained from Bael are highly nutritive as well as therapeutic.

It cures digestive problems and provides relief from gastric ulcer.It removes body toxins and boosts energy level.

It manages the blood sugar level and hypertension. It cures tuberculosis and diarrhea. It also cures other skin problems.

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BRAHMI

Bacopa monnieri (waterhyssop, brahmi, thyme-leafed gratiola, herb of grace, Indian pennywort) is a perennial, creeping herb. Bacopa is a medicinal herb used in Ayurveda, where it is also known as "Brahmi", after Brahmā, the creator God of the Hindu pantheon.

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It is commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine as a memory enhancer, aphrodisiac, and general tonic.

It has been studied extensively for their ability to fight discomfort and systemic redness. Brahmi has been identified as a potential therapy for chronic discomfort and neuropathy.

Stress reduction is perhaps brahmi’s most well known, traditional use.

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CINNAMON

Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several trees from the genus Cinnamomum that is used in both sweet and savory foods. Cinnamon means ‘strip of bark’.

The bark and oil of cinnamon is used to combat microorganisms, diarrhea and other

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Gastro intestinal disorders, dysmenorrheal and diabetes.

Cinnamon is also used in many dessert recipes, to flavor cereals, in Turkish cuisine and in flavoring numerous alcoholic beverages.

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CLOVES

Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree, also known as syzygium aromaticum.

Cloves provide aid in digestion, having anti-microbial properties, fighting against cancer, protecting the liver, boosting the immune system, controlling diabetes, preserving quality and containing anti-mutagenic

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properties, as well as fighting against oral diseases and headaches, while displaying aphrodisiac properties as well.

Clove extracts are effective against the specific bacteria that spreads cholera.

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COUNTRY BORAGE

Plectranthus ambionicus, also known as Mexican mint, Sambar Balli, Country borage and Indian borage is an aromatic, perennial succulent.

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It promotes the flow of urine. It is used for the expelling of gases, flatulence and gripping pains from the stomach and bowels.

It promotes menstrual flow. It strengthens and gives tone to the stomach. It gives vitality to the body. It is used in case of indigestion, discomfort or pain.

It is good for asthma and acute abdominal pain. It is used in case of cough and bronchitis. It is also used for sore throat, headache and for urino-genital disorders.

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CURRY TREE

Murraya koenigii, or curry tree is a tropical or sub-tropical tree.

Its leaves are used in many dishes in India, Sri Lanka, and neighboring countries. Often used in curries, the leaves are generally called by the name 'curry leaves', although they are

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also literally 'sweet neem leaves' in most Indian languages.

It is useful in halting diarrhea, and against gastro-intestinal problems. It has anti-oxidant properties which helps in reducing oxidative stress and free radical scavenging activity.

It helps fight cancer because of the chemical constituents found in it such as phenols.

It is good for hair growth and eye sight.

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Drum sticks

Drumsticks (Moringa oleifera) are really a ‘yard stick’ for health, as it is known to be very therapeutic for the human health in one way or another.

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They are recognized to offer healthy and strong bones and are also believed to purify the blood.

They have a superior content of anti-bacterial qualities and are also valuable in avoiding infections within the throat, chest, as well as skin.

They are helpful in treating the problem of sexual debility and enables in the better operating of the male along with Female Sterility.

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Fenugreek

Trigonella foenum-graecum, also known as Fenugreek or Methi, is an annual plant in the family, fabaceae.

It lowers blood cholestrol, reduces risk of heart diseases, controls blood sugar level, aids digestion, helps counter acid reflex or heart

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burn, to lose weight, induces and eases child birth, helps prevent colon cancer, to treat skin problems, against constipation and against kidney diseases.

Fenugreek is used for a vitamin deficiency disease called beri-beri, mouth ulcers, boils, tuberculosis, chronic cough, chapped lips, baldness, Parkinson’s disease and exercise performance.

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GARLIC

Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion genus.

Garlic is one of the best kept medicinal treasures of the past era - it has been used as an antibiotic to treat bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections for the last 7,000 years.

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Studies suggest diluted garlic extract helps children with tapeworm infections.

Garlic was used as an antiseptic to prevent gangrene during World Wars I and II.

Raw Garlic could help cure lung infection. Garlic will help to cleanse your system and flush out toxins.

In folk medicine, it is said to cure just about everything from common cold to plague.

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GINGER

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or simply ginger, is widely used as a spice or a folk medicine.

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Oral or topical uses of ginger to treat various disorders such as nausea or arthritis pain.

It was found to be more effective than placebo for treating nausea caused by seasickness, morning sickness, and chemotherapy.

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Glory Lilly

The Glory Lilly is truly glorious as it produces eye-catching, multi-colored and uniquely structured flowers which remain on the plant for atleast seven days. The most common names of Gloriosa are flame lily,

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fire lily, gloriosa lily, glory lily, superb lily, climbing lily, and creeping lily.

It is used for the expulsion of worms from the body.

It is used as a laxative and an agent to promote labor pain or to bring about abortion.

It is useful in chronic ulcers, leprosy, inflammation, piles, abdominal pain and itching.

It is used for the removal of mucus secretions from the bronchial tubes.

It is used externally for neuralgic pains and skin troubles.

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GUDUCHI

Tinospora cordifolia, which is known by the common names heart-leaved moonseed, guduchi and giloy, is an herbaceous vine.

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It is wonderful in treating skin related problems and gives amazing relief from allergies. It also helps to reduce the blood glucose levels.

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HENNA

Lawsonia Inermis, also known as hina, the henna tree, the mignonette tree and the Egyptian privet is a flowering plant. It is also a medicinal plant.

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It yields small whitish and pinkish fragrant flowers in large terminal bunches and small large fruits.

Henna oil is used for rheumatic and arthritic pains.

The bark of the plant is very efficient in the treatment of liver disorders.

Henna leaves are beneficial in treatment of prickly heat.

Henna flowers cure headaches by heat of the sun.

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INDIAN Sarsaparil

la

Hemidesmus indicus, Indian sarsaparilla, is a species of plant that is found in South Asia.

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According to practitioners of traditional Indian medicine, Ayurveda, this root can be administered in the fourth and ninth month of pregnancy to prevent miscarriage.

They also claim its efficacy in treating ulcers, fever, loss of appetite, Gastritis, Anorexia nervosa cough, excessive thirst Menorrhagia, Diarrhea and Diabetes.

It is also believed that the extracts from this root help in increasing semen count, purifies blood,neutralizes poisons, works as a diuretic and emetic, and has anti-inflammatory properties.

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KADU BASALE

Kalanchoe Pinnata, also known as Kadu Basale, Bryophyllum Pinnatum, Air plant, miracle leaf etc is a succulent perennial medicinal herb.

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The leaves of this plant have diuretic, wound healing, anti microbial, anti hypertension and anti inflammatory activities.

It is used to treat clinical conditions such as infections, arthritis, inflammation, hypertension, jaundice and kidney stones. It is also helpful for conditions like High BP, Scanti urine, Dysuria, Urinary problems, joint pain, arthritis, sprain, ear pain, otorrhea, leucorrhoea, cholera, piles, hemorrhoids etc.

Leaves of this plant are very good for kidney and multiple small gall bladder stones.

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KALMEGH

Andrographis paniculata or Kalmegh is an annual herbaceous plant native to India and Sri Lanka.

It is widely cultivated in Southern and Southeastern Asia, where it has been traditionally used to treat infections and some diseases. Mostly the leaves and roots were

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used for medicinal purposes. The whole plant is also used in some cases.

It is used in Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and homeopathy to treat broad variety of diseases.

It is an extremely bitter medicinal herb used in blood purification.

In traditional medicine, it is used for treating leprosy, gonorrhea, scabies and boils. Its decoction prevents and treats liver diseases and fever.

Fresh leaf juice is given to prevent excessive bleeding during periods.

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LEMON

The lemon is a species of small evergreen tree native to Asia. The distinct sour taste o lemon juice makes it a key ingredient in drinks and foods such as, lemonade and lemon meringue pie.

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Lemon oil is used in aroma therapy. It enhances the mood. The lemon is also used in Indian traditional medicines. (Siddha medicine and Ayurveda) Citric acid present in lemon is a natural preservative and aids in smooth digestion and helps dissolve kidney stones. The fruit is also a good source of B-complex vitamin such as Panthothenic acid, pyridoxine and floates.

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LEMON GRASS

Cymbopogon, better known as lemongrass is a superherb widely used as a cullinary herb in asian cuisine and also as medical herb in India.

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It has a subtle citrus flavour and can be dried and powdered and used fresh.

It is used to strengthen and give tone to the stomach.

It used for expelling gases, flatulents and gripping pains from the stomach and bowels.

It is used for giving tone and vitality to the body.

It is used for lowering body heat.

It is used for preventing or curing spasms.

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MALABAR

NUT

Justicia Adhatoda, also known as Malabar Nut, is a very popular cough syrup used in fever, jaundice, bronchitis and tuberculosis.

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The root bark grained and given with honey removes phlegm, in turn cures the cough in children

Fresh juice of leaves mixed with honey, ginger juice can be used to cure chronic cough and asthma

The paste of the leaves mixed with turmeric and cow’s urine, when applies relieves pain and itching.

The crushed leaf of the juice applied to the foot cures burning sensation.

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NEEM

Azadirachta Indica, also known as Neem, Nimtree and Indian Lilac. Neem leaves are dried in India and placed in cupboards to prevent insects eating the clothes, and also in tins where rice stored.

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It is used in India to treat viral diseases.

It is known to be an effective blood cleanser and drinking neem infused with boiled water controls high blood sugar.

Neem components, such as gedunin is very effective for treating malaria.

It moisturizes the skin keeping it soft and supple.

It is effective for lightening scars and pigmentation caused by acne and scabies.

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PARACRESS FLOWERS

Para cress flowers, also known as Sarahattika, have been acknowledged as one of the important medicinal plants. This plant possesses the botanical name Spilanthesis Oleracea.

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The spring blooming annual flower of this plant is called as the toothache plant or Szechuana Buttons because when you chew on the leaves or flowers particularly the young buds, contains a natural analgesic which numbs the tongue and gums.

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PEPPER

Black pepper is the fruit of the black pepper plant. It is used as both a spice and a medicine.

It gives relief from respiratory disorders, coughs, cold, constipation,

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indigestion, anemia, impotency, muscular strains, dental disease, pyorrhea, diarrhea, and heart disease. It also provides relief from sinusitis and nasal congestion.

It increases the hydrochloric acid secretion in the stomach, thereby facilitating digestion. The outer layer of peppercorn assists in the breakdown of fat cells.

Black pepper also helps to prevent ear aches and gangrene. It is also good for conditions of hernia, hoarseness and insect bites. It is also commonly used to treat conditions of tooth decay and toothache. In ancient times, pepper was also administered to treat vision problems.

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PERI

WINKLE

This species has long been cultivated for herbal medicine and as an ornamental plant. It has been listed as ‘Endangered’.

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In Ayurveda, the extracts of its roots and shoots, though poisonous, is used against several diseases, including diabetes, malaria and Hodgkinis Lymphoma. The substances vinblastine and vinuristine extracted from the plant are used in the treatment of leukemia.

The juice of leaves is used as an antidote against wasp stings.The infusion of the leaves is given in the treatment of Menorrhogia.

Herbal remedies made with periwinkle helps in toothache, memory loss and blood circulation.

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PONGAMIa

PINNATA

Pongamia Pinnata, also known as Milletta Pinnata is the species of tree in the pea family.

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It is renowned for its shade and is well known in traditional uses for its medicinal properties.

It is an important Ayurvedic medicine used for skin diseases.

Juices from the plant and as well as the oil are antiseptic and resistant to pests.

Leaf juice aids in treatment of leprosy, diarrhea, gonorrhea, flatulence, coughs and colds.

The root helps in the treatment of vaginal and skin diseases.

The juice is also used to clean ulcers and close open source.

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Pudina

Mentha also known as mint are aromatic, almost exclusivelu perennial, rarely annual herbs.

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It is packed with antioxidants and phyto-nutrients that can work wonders for your stomach.

It helps carry out digestion and is known to calm stomach cramps.

It helps beat acidity and flatulence.

Mint oil is also used as an environmentally friendly infecticide.

Known in Greek mythology as the herb of hospitality, one of mint's first known uses in Europe was as a room deodorizer. Stepping on the mint helped to spread its scent through the room. Today, it is more commonly used for aromatherapy through the use of essential oils.

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Sandal wood

Sandalwood is the name of a class of woods from trees in the genus Santalum.

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Sandalwood paste is one of the best clear skin remedies that can be used to sooth harsh sunburns and clear skin tanning.

Sandalwood prevents the breakout of pimples and acne. Oil extracted from sandalwood may be used in aromatherapy to deal with hypertension and also to decrease stress.

Sandalwood oil is very useful for strengthening of the gums and hence it helps prevent natural teeth loss. Deodorants and perfumes can be produced from Sandalwood.

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SEA

Buck

Thorn

Hippophae, the sea buckthorns, are deciduous shrubs. It is also referred to as sandthorn, sallowthorn, or seaberry.

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It’s bark and leaves have been used for treating diarrhea and dermatological disorders. Berry oil, is believed to be a skin softener. Sea buckthorn fruit may be added to medications in belief it affects pulmonary, gastro intestinal, cardiac, blood or metabolic disorders. Impact of sea buckthorn berries on the risk of cardiovascular disease is currently under preliminary research, involving studies with fresh and dried berries, extracts and oil from whole berry, pulp or seeds.

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SEED-UNDER LEAF

Phyllanthus Niruri is an important plant of Indian Ayurvedic medicine which is used for problems of the stomach, genitourinary system, liver and kidney. This is used as the best medicine for jaundice.

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The Siddha system has been using this as medicine for decades.

This herb has gained interest as a potential treatment for human bone disorders as well as for diabetic patients.

It can also be used for skin diseases.

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SPINACH

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is an edible flowering plant.

Dark leafy greens like spinach are important for skin and hair, bone health, and provide protein, iron, vitamins and minerals.

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The possible health benefits of consuming spinach include improving blood glucose control in diabetics, lowering the risk of cancer, lowering blood pressure, improving bone health, lowering the risk of developing asthma and more.

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SPRING ONION

Scallion, green onion, and spring onion are English names for various Allium species.

They are rich in vitamins. They are good for cardiovascular health.

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They lower the oxidation of cholesterol and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.

Anti bacterial properties in it helps to fight against cold and flu.

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ST. JOHN’S WORT

Hypericum Perforatum or Perforatum St. John’s Wort is a flowering plant.

Studies have supported the efficacy of St John's wort as a treatment for depression in humans.

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St. John's wort not only contains melatonin, the hormone that regulates our sleep-wake cycles, but it also increases the body's own melatonin, improving sleep.

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SWEET FLAG

Acorus Calamus, also known as Sweet Flag is used in both Ayurvedic and Tibetan system of medicine. It is also known as ‘Vacha’.

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It is an important psychoactive plant, used to treat sleeplessness, melancholy, neurosis,

epilepsy, hysteria, memory loss and fever.

The plant is often found in Tibetan incense mixture that is burnt to strengthen nerves. It is also used a rejuvenating tonic.

Homeopathic decoctions of the root are commonly used for stomach and intestinal troubles, digestive troubles and cramps. Sweet flag root is good for cold, bronchitis and headaches.

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THUMBAI

Leucas aspera is most commonly known as Thumbai. Found throughout India, it is known for its various uses in the fields of medicine and agriculture.

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Thumbai is used extensively in home remedies and we use it for cooking too. This plant is the best medicine for insect bites and it is even used for treating snake bites. Thumbai juice is given to the patient who is bitten by a snake and the juice is also rubbed on the bitten area and this is done once every 30 minutes.

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THYME

Thyme is an evergreen herb with culinary, medicinal, and ornamental uses.

Essential oil of thyme contains thymol which is an antiseptic that is used in mouthwashes.

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Thyme was used to medicate bandages. It is effective against various fungi that commonly infect toe nails.

Thymol can also be found as the active ingredient in some all-natural, alcohol-free hand sanitizers.

A tisane made by infusing the herb in water can be used for coughs and bronchitis.

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TOUCH-

ME-NOT

Mimosa Pudica, is derived from Latin which means shy, bashful or shrinking and is also called as sensitive plant or shy plant.

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The plant has a tendency to bring down swellings and vata pain in the joints. It is a very effective and herbal natural remedy for asthma and asthmatic conditions.

It consists of chemical compounds necessary for curing depression and other related disorders and are used as anti depressants. It is very effective in healing wide range of disease conditions namely, allergy, asthma, menstrual problems, hypertension, cholesterol, hemorrhoids, snake bites etc.

It has high Ayurvedic remedy for curing diabetes, dysentery, leprosy, uterine complaints and fatigue. It can bring down elevate glucose to normal levels.

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TULSI

Ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as Ocimum sanctum, holy basil, or tulasi or tulsi, is an aromatic plant.

It is a detoxifying, cleansing and purifying agent.

HERBS FOR HEALTHY LIFE Department of Rural development

School of Social Work, Roshni Nilaya 83

It is very good for skin, both when consumed and applied.

It has antibiotic, anti-viral, anti-bacterial and anti-carcinogenic properties.

It can be used to cook tea or had raw, powdered, paste or in the form of herbal supplements.

HERBS FOR HEALTHY LIFE Department of Rural development

School of Social Work, Roshni Nilaya 84

Turmeric

Turmeric, Curcuma longa is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family.

Arguably, its most powerful aspect of its ability is to control inflammation.

HERBS FOR HEALTHY LIFE Department of Rural development

School of Social Work, Roshni Nilaya 85

In addition to correcting the causes of diabetes, curcumin has also been proven to help reverse many of the issues related to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia.

It also improves glucose control and increases the effect of medications used to treat diabetes.

Turmeric contains a substance known as lipo polysaccharide, which helps stimulate the body’s immune system.