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Heat Drying of Municipal Waste Water Residual Solids (Biosolids)
Technology and Market Assessment Forum (TMAF)Technology and Market Assessment Forum (TMAF)Dallas, TX
February 16-18, 2010
Peter Commerford
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Peter CommerfordVice President, Drying Systems
Andritz Separation Inc. Arlington, TX
Today’s Agenda
1. Andritz – an Overview 2. Wastewater Treatment and Residual Solids (Biosolids)3. Thermal Drying of Biosolids4. Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural Gas5. Questions
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Andritz – an Overview
Founded in 1852headquartered in Graz, Austria13,200 employees world-wide$5.1 Billion in Annual Sales5 Divisions: Customized plants, process technologies, and services for:
Pulp & PaperMetal FinishingMetal FinishingHydropowerEnvironmental & Process TechnologiesFeed and Biofuel
150 production and service sites worldwide
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Andritz – an Overview
l Rolling Mills & Environment & Feed d Pulp & Paper Rolling Mills &Strip Processing
Environment &Process
Feed & Bio-fuelHydro Power
6424% of
Single-line chemical recovery plants - Finland
Andritz – an Overview
l Rolling Mills & Environment & Feed d Pulp & Paper Rolling Mills &Strip Processing
Environment &Process
Feed & Bio-fuelHydro Power
Id h F ll H d l t i t ti
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Idaho Falls Hydro electric power station
l Rolling Mills & Environment & Feed d
Andritz – an Overview
Pulp & Paper Rolling Mills &Strip Processing
Environment &Process
Feed & Bio-fuelHydro Power
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Annealing and pickling line - China
Andritz – an Overview
l Rolling Mills & Feed d Environment &Pulp & Paper Rolling Mills &Strip Processing
Feed & Bio-fuelHydro Power Environment &
Process
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Dewatering & drying plant - Metro Glasgow, Scotland
Today’s Agenda
1. Andritz – an Overview 2. Wastewater Treatment and Residual Solids (Biosolids)3. Thermal Drying of Biosolids4. Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural Gas5. Questions
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Wastewater Treatment PlantWastewater treatment uses physical, chemical, and biological processes to removeWastewater treatment uses physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove pollutants from wastewater before discharging it into a water body. During waste water treatment, bacteria and other microorganisms break down components in wastewater into simpler and more stable forms of organic matter.
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Wastewater Treatment PlantWastewater Treatment Plants use physical, chemical, and biological processes toWastewater Treatment Plants use physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove pollutants from wastewater before discharging it into a water body - there are ~16,000 publicly-owned wastewater treatment plants in operation in the United States.
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Residual Solids from WWTP
Residual Solids from wastewater treatment are known as sewage sludgeResidual Solids from wastewater treatment are known as sewage sludge. Biosolids are treated sewage sludge. The wastewater treatment processes sanitize wastewater solids to control pathogens (disease-causing organisms, such as certain bacteria, viruses and parasites) and other organisms capable of transporting diseaseparasites) and other organisms capable of transporting disease. Based on extensive study the US EPA has allowed that biosolids that meet treatment and pollutant content criteria of Part 503.13 can be safely recycled and applied as fertilizer to sustainably improve and maintain productive soils and stimulate plant growthand stimulate plant growth. Land application of biosolids takes place in all 50 states. It is estimated that:
7 million tons of sewage sludge is generated annually.60% of all sewage sludge is biosolids that is beneficially used as a fertilizer17% i b i d i l dfill17% is buried in a landfill20% is incinerated3% is used in mine reclamation
There are different rules for different classes of biosolids. Class A biosolids contain no detectible levels of pathogens. Class A biosolids that meet strict vector attraction reduction requirements and low levels metals contents, only have to apply for permits to ensure that these very tough standards have been met.
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Residual Solids from WWTP
Thermal Drying represents a popular method of attaining the Class A designation forThermal Drying represents a popular method of attaining the Class A designation for biosolids, and allows for cost effective transport of biosolids from large population centers to farmland.
Biosolids Cake Land Application - Biosolids Cake
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Dried Biosolids
Today’s Agenda
1. Andritz – an Overview 2. Wastewater Treatment and Residual Solids (Biosolids)3. Thermal Drying of Biosolids4. Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural Gas5. Questions
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Thermal Drying of BiosolidsThe majority of Andritz’ Biosolids dryer applications have utilized the Drum Drying Concept, a convection dryer utilizing natural gas (sometimes supplemented with digester gas) to provide the heat energy.For a 20 MGD WWTP the biosolids dryer uses 10 12 MM BTU/hour of natural gas forFor a 20 MGD WWTP, the biosolids dryer uses 10 -12 MM BTU/hour of natural gas for heat energy, with an annual cost of $400,000 -500,000 at $7/ MM BTU and 5/24 operations
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There are almost 17 000 WWTP’s in the US However only 1066 have design flows >5 MGD and 276 have
US Publicly Owned Wastewater Treatment Plants
18 000
There are almost 17,000 WWTP’s in the US. However, only 1066 have design flows >5 MGD and 276 have design flows >20 MGD (at 100 GPD per capita this translates to about 100,000 inhabitants served)
12 000
14,000
16,000
18,00016, 767
6 000
8,000
10,000
12,000
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
1066276
0
Publicly Owned WWTFs Facilities >5 MGD Facilities > 20 MGD
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Source: Opportunities for and Benefits of Combined Heat and Power at Wastewater Treatment Facilities, US EPA, April 2007.
Thermal Drying of Biosolids
Natural Gas fired air heater
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Andritz Biosolids DryerRegenerative Thermal Oxidizer
Thermal Drying of Biosolids Projects - recent deliveries
Sacramento, CA (2003)Stamford, CT
Pinellas County FLHonolulu HI
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Pinellas County, FLHonolulu, HI
Thermal Drying of Biosolids Projects - recent deliveries
Paris Athens, Greece
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Beijing & Shanghai London
Thermal Drying of Biosolids Projects - recent deliveries
Pinellas County, FL Hillsborough County, FL
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Houston, TX Manatee County, FL
Today’s Agenda
1. Andritz – an Overview 2. Wastewater Treatment and Residual Solids (Biosolids)3. Thermal Drying of Biosolids4. Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural Gas5. Questions
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Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural Gas
To reduce the cost of ownership and carbon footprint of a Biosolids Drying plant, a number of alternative energy schemes have been executed to date
Use of WWTP digester gas with natural gas as a supplementUse of WWTP digester gas with natural gas as a supplementUse of landfill gas with natural gas as a supplementCHP with engines and gas turbines with natural gas as a supplementCHP with engines (waste heat from engines only)Waste heat from a industrial process (cement plant, waste to energy)Gasification of biomassIncineration of granules with natural gas as a supplement
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Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural GasUse of WWTP digester gas with natural gas as a supplementg g g pp
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Honolulu, HI
Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural GasUse of landfill gas with natural gas as a supplementg g pp
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Manatee County, FL
Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural GasCHP with engines and gas turbines with natural gas as a supplementg g g pp
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Tilbury (east of London), UK
Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural GasWaste heat from a industrial process (cement plant, waste to energy)p ( p , gy)
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Tilbury (east of London), UK
Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural GasAndritz and Nexterra have formed a strategic alliance to bring renewable energy g g gy
systems to waste water treatment plants providing solutions to replace natural gas
Nexterra is the leading North American supplier of biomassAmerican supplier of biomass gasification solutions that generate heat & power
E bl t t dEnables customers to reduce energy costs, reliance on fossils & GHG emissions
Technology is cleaner, lower cost, more versatile and more efficient than combustion
Inside-the-fence applications at public institutions & industrial facilities
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Biomass & Biosolids to Renewable Energy
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Today’s Agenda
1. Andritz – an Overview 2. Wastewater Treatment and Residual Solids (Biosolids)3. Thermal Drying of Biosolids4. Heat Energy Sources – Alternatives to Natural Gas5. Questions
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