Hazardous Waste Management:Singapore and other Asian examples

ISWA Hazardous Waste Seminar and WorkshopSingapore, April 2012

Presented by: Rick Reidinger CEO, Eco Special Waste Management Portfolio Director, Navis Capital Partners

HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SINGAPORE

Background • Singapore has a small land area and dense population

• Industries: chemicals, electronics, semiconductor, petrochemicals, refineries, engineering, offshore engineering/ rig-building, port, general manufacturing, food industries, pharmaceuticals trade

• Government has strong commitment and ability to ensure a clean environment

• Approximately 1 million m3 of hazardous waste generated per year

• Solvents, oils, acids, coolants, slop oil, sludge, obsolete products, medical waste, etc

3

Government Strategy for Control of Hazardous Waste

• Upstream land planning and building plan control;

• Avoid generation of intractable wastes;

• Encourage waste minimization;

• Encourage waste reuse, recovery and recycling;

• Regulate collection, treatment and disposal;

• Licensing of all Toxic Industrial Waste (TIW) Companies;

• Monitor and audit collection, treatment and disposal; and• Promote and support educational and training programmers

4

Licensing and Control under NEA

Cradle to grave approach under the Environmental Public Health (Toxic Industrial Waste) Regulations

– Generation and storage - specific list of Toxic Industrial Waste, labeling, containment, emergency response plan, etc

– Collection and transport – consignment note system (e-submission and tracking), transport approval, treatment company handles transport

– Treatment - licensed treatment companies, special emission standards, frequent (monthly) site inspections, waste approved on case by case basis

– Disposal - of stabilized residues to Pulau Semakau, must meet key criteria (metals, Hg, etc)

– Also applies to biohazardous waste- plus additional requirements on storage and handling (color coded bags, etc)

5

Special Waste Incinerator Emission Standards

6

Pollutant Singapore Standard- normal industry

Singapore Standard- hazardous waste incinerators

mg/m3 mg/m3

NO x 700 400

SO 2 500 200

PM 100 50

Mercury 3 0.05

Other heavy metals

1-5 0.5

HCL 200 60

•Importance of specific and stringent standards for waste incinerators

A fully private hazardous waste market

7

Chemical plant

Electronics factory

Pharmaceutical facility

Long term and spot contracts, variable pricing

Generators

Treatment company A

Treatment company B

Treatment company C

Private TIW contractors

NEA- regulation, standards (mainly output based), licensing, enforcement

Regulator

Variable sizes, capabilities, technologies, risk profiles, client base, etc

Results of the Private Market

• Prices- have fluctuated widely based on market conditions, output of industries, and capacity of TIW companies

• Capacity development and replacement- smaller, more flexible facilities with a range of technologies

• Government involvement- none, with the exception of ensuring a level playing field and environmental standards

• Environmental impact- some improper practices, but generally acceptable and much better than most other countries in region

• Economic impact- has created a robust local industry that is in a good position to expand regionally

8

Hazardous Waste Treatment Facilities

9

PAN ISLAND E

XPRESSWAYAYER RAJAH EXPRESSW

AY

PA

N I

SLA

ND

EXP

RE

SS

WA

Y

AYER RAJAH EXPRESSWAY

AYER RAJAH EXPRESSWAYAYER RAJAH EXPRESSWAY

Chem-Solv/ AromaIncinerationSolvent recyclingPhysical-chemical

CramoilRotary kiln incinNeutralisation

ECO Special WasteFluidized bed incin.Thermal FCE/ ATFESolvent Recycling

SembCorpMedical waste incin

PureChem VeoliaRotary kiln incin.Physical-chemicalSolvent recycling

TechnoChemRotary kiln incin.Etchant Treatment

SUT SakraFluidized bed incinBiological treatment

More than 100 licensed contractors

NSL Oilchem,Waste oil recoveryIncineration

Hazardous Waste Facility Example- Eco Special Waste Management

10

• A leading special waste management company in Singapore. Business segments:- 65% hazardous industrial waste management- 20% municipal wastewater sludge treatment- 15% industrial general waste management

• 70% of business is treatment, 30% of business is recycling.

• 270 staff. Chemists, chemical engineers, technicians, operators, mechanical/ electrical engineers (and one economist!)

• High capital intensity/ physical operations. One large integrated facility which functions on the basis of “industrial ecology”

Capital intensive, high technology facilities are required for proper treatment

11

Fluidized bed Incinerator Solvent Recovery Oil Recovery

Thermal Waste Water Treatment System

Storage Tanks Physical chemical treatment

Eco SWM- Integrated Facility

•6 Ha in Tuas•Currently undergoing major expansion and investment in new facilities•Capable of handling more than 350,000 tonnes of hazardous waste, sludge, and industrial waste per year

New Sludge Treatment Plant Train 6 under construction at Eco

DRYER

H/E-1Bag Filter

Dws/Ds Feed Hoppers

INC with hot air pipes

H/E-1

Circulation Fan

Bag Filter House REFRACTORY LINING

T-6 DWS/DS Belt conveyor completed INC AND H/E-1

SELECTED EXAMPLES IN OTHER ASIAN COUNTRIES

Hazardous waste management industry in Asia

• Driven by increasing industrial output, generation of difficult to manage and highly toxic by products• Governments around the region have enacted and enforced (or not) regulations for control of

hazardous waste• Examples of sub-segments:

– Physical chemical wastewater treatment for hazardous inorganic– Activated carbon regeneration– Oily sludge and slop separation (MARPOL)– Incineration of toxic organic chemicals– Solvent distillation and recovery– Specialized hazardous waste landfill (stabilized and highly contained)– Membrane separation of oils and chemicals

• Well developed industry in the US, Europe, and Japan- emerging in Asia• Proper treatment and thus high treatment cost leads to high technology facilities and investment if

government enforcement is good, and dumping or illegal practices if enforcement is poor

Hong Kong: CWTC (Veolia)• Opened 1993• Capacity 100,000 tpy• Incineration at 700-1200 degrees• Very strict performance requirements• Government bears 54% of variable

operating costs and all capital costs

16

China: Shanghai (SwireSita)

1. SwireSITA Waste Services (SSWS) facility in SCIP- opened in July 2007

2. 60,000 tonnes per year incinerator (rotary kiln); largest HW incinerator in China

3. Capable of handling a wide range of wastes and characteristics – Liquid, solid, gas– All sorts of packaging– No limit on chlorine content, lower calorific value,

water content, ash4. Emissions and waste disposal meet current EU standards,

anticipate future Chinese requirements (bag filter, SNCR, 2 scrubber system, dioxin treatment)

5. Recovers energy and steam6. RMB575 million investment

17

18

Indonesia: PPLI (DOWA)

Thank You!

19

Contact Details:

Rick Reidingerrick@eco.com.sgrreidinger@naviscapital.comTel: 65 9673 5157