HANSON RIVERWATCH

October 2008 – April 2009

Amy Hurst

Greg MahoneyNick Levesque

Pheobe Deneen

The Indian Head River• The Indian Head River forms the Northern Border of the Town of Hanson, Other towns that

impact the water quality directly in the areas of study include Pembroke to the east and Hanover to the north, northeast. Rockland and Abington also contribute via the Cushing Brook Watershed.

• There are approximately 8 miles between our upstream site near Factory Pond and our downstream site at Ludham’s Ford or as other’s call it, Curtis’ Crossing.

• The river covers about eight acres of land in this area and was most likely used as a fishing and travel spot for the Wompatuck Indians.

• A guide named James Luddam carried Governor Winthrop across the Indian Head River in 1632 in order to get to Weymouth, Massachusetts.

• Though the river is called The Drinkwater River in other towns, we have chosen to refer to it as the Indian Head River in the scope of our study.

• There is a small beaver population and the river is annually stocked with trout. Massachusetts Fish and Wildlife has posted the river in it’s entirety from Forge pond in Hanover to route 3 in Norwell and Pembroke including Factory Pond as P6; fishing resources contaminated with mercury. If herring are caught, they must be thrown back into the river. This applies more to the Pembroke side of the river, as there is a fish ladder in Luddams Ford Park.

• The Frenchs Stream Watershed, Cushing Brook Watershed, and Drinkwater River Watershed all flow into the Indian Head River watershed.

• Frenchs Stream contains pathogens, nutrients, low dissolved oxygen, storm water, agricultural runoff, and effluent from Rockland WWTP

• The Drinkwater River contains pathogens, nutrients, low dissolved oxygen, mercury, agricultural runoff, and impaired fish passage.

• Factory Pond has mercury, invasive aquatic plants, shoreline erosion, and stormwater outfalls

• Indian Head River has impaired fish passage, an endangered species habitat, mercury, and lead

• Forge Pond contains excess nutrients, stormwater outfalls, invasive plants, and turbidity

http://www.jonesriver.org/getfile/southcoastal/3indianhead.pdf

SITE A Broadway Hanson

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

River Water

Sky

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

Depth (Feet)

Section

River Water River Surface Sky

Depth Cross SectionBroadway Street- Site A

Comparison of Dissolved Oxygen and pH

Broadway Street- Site A

6.74

6.75

6.76

6.77

6.78

6.79

6.8

6.81

Time

pH

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

11

11.1

pH

DO

Comparison of Dissolved Oxygen and pH

Broadway - Site A, October 8, 2008

SITE BCurtis Crossing, Hanover

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

River Water

Sky

-1.4

-1.2

-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

Depth (Feet)

Segment

River Water River Surface Sky

Depth Cross SectionCurtis Crossing- Site B

Comparison of Dissolved Oxygen and pH

Curtis Crossing- Site B

7.025

7.03

7.035

7.04

7.045

7.05

7.055

7.06

7.065

7.07

7.075

10

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

ph do

Comparison of Dissolved Oxygen and pH

Curtis Crossing- Site B, October 8, 2008

Comparison of Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature Curtis

Crossing- Site B

10

11

12

13

14

15

Time in HHMMSS

Tem

p oC

Site B

Site A

Temperature in Degrees Celsius

Broadway (Site A) vs Curtis Crossing (Site B)

6.6

6.65

6.7

6.75

6.8

6.85

6.9

6.95

7

7.05

7.1

Time in HHMMSS

pH

Site A

Site B

Comparison of pHBroadway ( Site A) and Curtis Crossing (Site B)

9.8

10

10.2

10.4

10.6

10.8

11

11.2

Time HHMMSS

DO

mg/

l

Site A

Site B

Comparison Of Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Broadway ( Site A) vs

Curtis Crossing ( Site B)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Time of Year

Load in

kg/d

ay

Broadway St.

Curtis Crossing

Broadway St. 16.95 25.72 20.67 20.67 19.264 114.9 70.6 117.6 79.1 40 23.29 62.6

Curtis Crossing 90.98 52.72 41.8 36.47 47.88 120.5 62.275 109.9 73.3 56 27.62 62.9

Fall 01 Fall 02Winter

02Spring

02Fall 03

03Winter

03Spring

03Fall 04

Winter 04

Spring 04

Fall 07 Fall 08

Fluctuations in Nitrogen Load Over a Seven Year Period

Broadway vs. Curtis Crossing

0

50

100

150

200

250

Year

Dis

char

ge in

Ft3

/sec

FebruaryMarch

October

February 88 75.5 50.8 65.7 48.1 113.6 95.6 44.5

March 114.1 237.8 75.3 157.9 65.1 162.1 39.7 133.8

October 15.4 13.6 25.2 44.8 35.2 223.5 32.2 10.9

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Stream Gauge Measurements of Discharge Over An Eight Year Period Cubic Feet per

Second

• http://daac.ornl.gov/FIFE/guides/stream_flow_storm.html

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Years

Lo

ad

kg

/ D

ay

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

dis

ch

arg

e in

cu

. ft

. / sec.

Load kg/day

Discharge in cu. Ft./sec.

Load kg/day 90.98 52.62 47.88 109.9 26.62 62.9

Discharge in cu. Ft./sec.

13.6 25.2 44.8 35.2 10.9 15.2

2001 2002 2003 2004 2007 2008

Comparison of Changes in Load vs. Changes in Discharge

At Site B, Curtis Crossing, Over a Seven Year Period

• http://daac.ornl.gov/FIFE/guides/stream_flow_storm.html

Macroinvertebrates: Site A Broadway St.

hydropsychidae61%

pelecypoda3%decapoda

3%

amphipoda24%

philopotamidae5%

libellulidae1%

corduliidae3%

2008

FBI = 4.375

2007

FBI = 4.538

Macroinvertebrates: Site B Curtis Crossing.

tipulidae2%

philopotamidae16%

elmidae8%

psephenidae9%

gammaridae7%

baetidae2%

hydropsychidae54%

pelecypoda2% FBI = 3.25

2007

FBI = 3.912

Fecal Coliform

SITE A: BROADWAY ST.

9 TO 10 COLONES PER 100 ML

SITE B: CURTIS CROSSING

4 – 6 COLONIES PER 100 ML

CONCLUSION Hanson Riverwatch: October 2008 - April 2009

In conclusion, we have found that these two river testing sites have changed very little during the time that Hanson Middle school students have been collecting data.

Even though discharge amounts fluctuate both yearly and seasonally, Nitrogen load remains significant and measureable in kilograms over the span of seven years

Dominant macroinvertebrate groups like the hydropsychidae reflect high concentrations of organic matter because of their feeding strategies.

Despite multiple signs of impairment such as higher pH, high nitrogen load and storm run-off, conditions remain good and biotic indices show fairly stable populations of a variety of macroinvertebrates.

We would like to thank our teacher; Ms. Kofton and Mr. Geoghan; our principal for making this experience possible for us this year. We would also like to thank Mrs. Levesque for driving us around. Special thanks to Kim McCoy and Dr. Curry for their tireless devotion in bringing these experiences to students and their teachers.

“I can see Mr.

Geoghegan”

“ I can see my house from here”