hansen - managing safely 1 coshh - a guide to the regulations mark mallen health and safety manager...
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Hansen - Managing Safely 1
COSHH - A Guide to the COSHH - A Guide to the RegulationsRegulations
Mark Mallen
Health and Safety Manager Fenlock Hansen Ltd
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Hansen - Managing Safely 2
Introduction Introduction
COSHH Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health
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Introduction Introduction
DirectlyNaturallyBy-products If exposure is not controlled
– Injuries– Illness or death
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ObjectivesObjectives
Name 5 potential health effects5 employers’ duties and 3 employees’Name 5 hazardous substancesName 5 routes of entryName 3 means of identifying
substancesName and describe 5 hazard symbolsDescribe the hierarchy of controlConduct an assessment
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AgendaAgenda
Potential health effectsLegal backgroundHazardous substancesRoutes of entry Identifying substancesExposure limitsControlling risksWorking safelySummary
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Potential Health EffectsPotential Health Effects
Skin problems– Dermatitis– Skin cancer
Asthma– From exposure to sensitisers
IsocyanatesDusts
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Potential Health EffectsPotential Health Effects
Poisoning– By drinking from unlabelled bottles
Cancer– May appear years after first
exposure Infection
– Exposure to bacteria, spores and micro organisms
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Potential Health EffectsPotential Health Effects
Short-term - acute effects
– Skin / eye irritation– Headaches– Dizziness – Nausea– Unconsciousness
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Potential Health EffectsPotential Health Effects
Long-term - chronic effects
– Cancer– Lung disease– Liver / kidney dysfunction– Skin disease
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Potential Health EffectsPotential Health Effects
Intermediate effects
– Physiology– Symptoms may improve
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Legal BackgroundLegal Background
The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1999
– A systematic approach to the control of risk
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Employers' ResponsibilitiesEmployers' Responsibilities
Assess risksPrevent or control exposureDecide on precautionsEnsure controls are used and
maintainedMonitor exposure, and conduct health
surveillance, where necessaryProvide adequate supervisionProvide information, instruction and
training
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Employees' ResponsibilitiesEmployees' Responsibilities
Follow the rules and safe systems of work
Use the controls provided, properly
Co-operate with monitoring and health surveillance
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Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
Solvents
De-fat the skin Skin disease and dermatitis
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Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
Acids
Burn body tissue
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Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
Gases
Affect the respiratory system Lung damage
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Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
Oils and lubricants
Skin disease
Engine fumes
Carbon monoxide poisoning
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Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
Wood dust
Some hardwoods carcinogenic at low levels
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Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
Asbestos
Can lead to lung cancer
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Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
Welding fume
Metal fume fever
Lead
Poisoning
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Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
Animals
Contact with rat’s urine may cause Weil’s disease
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Routes of EntryRoutes of Entry
Inhalation– Breathing in vapours, gases, fumes
or dusts Ingestion
– Eating or drinking substancesAbsorption
– Skin or eyes
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Routes of EntryRoutes of Entry
Injection– Entering the body through the skin
Skin contact– On
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances
Solvents
Liquids through the skin Vapours through inhalation
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances
Acids
Skin contact Inhalation
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances
Gases
Inhalation or Through the skin
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances
Petrol
Inhalation Absorption Skin contact Ingestion
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances
Oils and lubricants
Skin contact
Engine fumes
Inhalation
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances
Wood dust Skin contact or Inhalation
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances Welding fume
Inhalation
Lead
Skin absorption Inhalation Ingestion
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances
Bio hazards
Weil’s disease Farmer’s lung Injection Inhalation Ingestion
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Routes of Entry - SubstancesRoutes of Entry - Substances
In summary
– Many ways to enter the body– Not always be obvious
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Identifying SubstancesIdentifying Substances
Methods
The labelProduct safety data sheetCOSHH assessment
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Hazard Warning LabelsHazard Warning Labels
All commercially supplied substances are labelled in a standardised way– To enable easy identification– Identify type of hazard posed– Provide some information
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Hazard Warning LabelsHazard Warning Labels
The label should state– The name of the product– Hazard symbol(s)– An indication of danger– Warning (risk phrase)– Safety advice (safety phrase)– Manufacturers or suppliers details
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Hazard Warning Labels Hazard Warning Labels
Designed to warnAdvise of action to protectNot work instructionsAlways refer to
– The risk assessment – COSHH assessment– Safe working practice
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Hazard Warning Labels Hazard Warning Labels
Do not assume– Labels may be missing– Substances may have been
decanted– May not be hazardous in the form
supplied– May become hazardous when mixed– If in doubt, seek advice
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Hazard Warning Labels Hazard Warning Labels
Sad but true– A cleaner mixed Harpic and
Domestos creating chlorine gas, as used in the trenches in WW1
She died
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Corrosive
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Corrosive
– May cause serious burns– Minor contact may cause skin
damage
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Flammable
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Flammable
– Burns with little heat applied
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Harmful or Irritant - Xn or Xi
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Irritant – Xi
– Non-corrosive – May cause painful inflammation– Could lead to dermatitis
Harmful – Xn
– May cause limited health effects
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Oxidising
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Oxidising
– May cause spontaneous combustion– In contact with other substances
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Toxic / Very Toxic
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Very toxic
– Extremely serious acute or chronic health effects or even death
Toxic
– Serious acute or chronic health effects or even death
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Risk of Explosion
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Hazard SymbolsHazard Symbols
Environmental Hazard
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Risk PhraseRisk Phrase
States the hazard of the material
– ‘Harmful by inhalation’– ‘Toxic if swallowed’– ‘Highly flammable’– ‘Irritating to eyes’– ‘May cause drowsiness’
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Safety PhraseSafety Phrase
States what precautions should be taken
– ‘In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment’
– ‘Keep container tightly closed’– ‘Avoid contact with skin and eyes’– ‘No smoking’
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Material Data Sheets Material Data Sheets
Describes the characteristics of the substance in 16 categories:
1. Identification of the substance and company
2. Composition / information on ingredients
3. Hazards
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Material Data Sheets Material Data Sheets
4. First-aid measures5. Fire-fighting measures6. Accidental release measures7. Handling and storage8. Exposure controls / personal
protection
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Material Data Sheets Material Data Sheets
9. Physical and chemical properties10. Stability and reactivity11. Toxicological information12. Ecological information
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Material Data Sheets Material Data Sheets
13. Disposal considerations14. Transport information15. Regulatory information16. Other information
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Material Data Sheets Material Data Sheets
Used to complete a COSHH (risk) assessment
It is not a replacement Or substitute
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Exposure LimitsExposure Limits
Some substances pose a significant risk to health
Controlled by specific legislation– Asbestos– Lead– Not the COSHH regulations
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Exposure LimitsExposure Limits
Some substances have exposure limits
MEL, STEL & OELStated in EH40 - current additionThese levels are important when
assessing health risks
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Controlling RisksControlling Risks
Hazard
– A substance with the potential to cause harm
Risk
– A measure of the likelihood that it will cause harm in the way that it is used
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Controlling RisksControlling Risks
Remember– The hazard is constant
Risk changes – How it is used– How much is used– Handled– Stored
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Controlling RisksControlling Risks
Poor control can create a risk – Even if the substance is not
particularly hazardousWith proper precautions
– The most hazardous substances can be controlled
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Risk Assessment Risk Assessment
A COSHH assessment is an examination of the risk posed by– The substance– How it is used– The amount of exposure
Resulting in – Control measures and safe working
practices
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Practical Exercise 1Practical Exercise 1
Scenario 1– A chemical is used as part of an
adhesive spray– The operator uses it all day– Spraying door panels on a
production line, before a covering is applied
– A 200-litre drum lasts a week
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Practical Exercise 1Practical Exercise 1
Scenario 2– An operator has a container
with 500ml of solvent– Used to wipe off excess
adhesive, after the covering is applied
– The container lasts about a week before it needs refilling
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Practical Exercise 1 Practical Exercise 1
Scenario 3– Using a solvent-based marker
pen
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Practical Exercise 1Practical Exercise 1
Decide on a risk rating for using the above substances
Consider the situations described and consider the control measures required
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Practical Exercise 1Practical Exercise 1
For the operative spraying door panels
– Local exhaust ventilation– Respiratory protective equipment
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Practical Exercise 1Practical Exercise 1
For the operative using solvent to clean-off
– Gloves– Good ventilation
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Practical Exercise 1Practical Exercise 1
Using a marker pen
– None considered necessary
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Hierarchy of ControlHierarchy of Control
Elimination / SubstitutionReductionEnclose the processEngineered methodsPPE
Underpinned by supervision
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PPEPPE
Often the only effective means of control– Suitable for the hazard– Looked after and maintained– Suitable for the users– Used by trained workers– Worn when specified
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Control SystemsControl Systems
Employers must– Maintain, examine and test – Monitor exposure levels– Conduct health surveillance
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Emergency ProceduresEmergency Procedures
Exposure from accidental releases
Vital that everybody knows what to do
Clean-up proceduresEvacuation proceduresLiaison with emergency
services
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The Hansen MethodThe Hansen Method
Task-based assessmentsTasks may use more than one
substance
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Practical Exercise 2Practical Exercise 2
Conduct an assessmentUsing a hazard data sheet for a
substance that we use in the workplace
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Working SafelyWorking Safely
Operatives
– Ensure that you see the COSHH assessment and SWP
Before you start
– Follow the SWP and COSHH assessment
– Use the control measures provided
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Working SafelyWorking Safely
– Wear the PPE– Co-operate with monitoring and
health surveillance– Report problems– Work in a safe and responsible
manner
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Working SafelyWorking Safely
Managers and supervisors
– Conduct and review assessments– Issue and make available – Discuss contents– Record issue and training given– Ensure changes are reflected
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Working SafelyWorking Safely
– Ensure control measures areMaintainedContinue to be effectiveAre used
– Deal with concerns– Provide information, instruction and
training– Supervise
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SummarySummary
COSHH is designed to protect people
Providing informationAssessing riskControlling exposureEnsuring controls are suitable
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ObjectivesObjectives
Name 5 potential health effects5 employers’ duties and 3 employees’Name 5 hazardous substancesName 5 routes of entryName 3 means of identifying
substancesName and describe 5 hazard symbolsDescribe the hierarchy of controlConduct an assessment
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The End or the Beginning?The End or the Beginning?
Any QuestionsThanks for ListeningAnd don’t forgetBe Safe!