guias de atencion materna

7/31/2019 Guias de Atencion Materna

1/201


2/201

MAJMAFM OM[DX FL HDBDVZljxlvmxm fl Zma|f

Majmafl Om{dx fl HdbdvZmo|la Odxlnd Xdemz

Zljxlvmxkd Fkzvxkvma fl Zma|f@jvdx Umohxmnd Xdfxb|lu

Z|hzljxlvmxkd fl Zma|fE|mn Wmxlam Hlavxn

Fkxljjkn fl Flzmxxdaad fl Zlxwkjkdz@lxomn Xlfdnfd Bolu

Jddxfknmjkn Blnlxma

@lxzdn Aln! Bknljd Dhzvlvxm! ZFZ@dzskvma La V|nma! KKK Nkwla fl mvlnjkn

A|z Magdnzd Aslu EkonluBknljd Dhzvlvxm / mzlzdx Flzmxxdaad fl Zlxwkjkdz ZFZ.

Wkjlsxlzkflnvl Mzdjkmjkn Hdbdv fl Bknljdadbm { Dhzvlvxkjkm.

Bx|sd xlm Omvlxnd/slxknmvma Flzmxxdaad fl Zlxwkjkdz fl Zma|f! ZFZ.Zdjklfmf Hdbdvmnm fl Bknljd Dhzvlvxkjkm

Jdamhdxmfdxlz

Fx. @lxomn Xlfdnfd BoluFkxljjkdn fl Flzmxxdaad fl Zlxwkjkdz fl Zma|f

Fxm. Jdnz|lad Slm MsdnvlJddxfknmjkn xlm Mnakzkz { Sdavkjm

Jdamhdxmfdxlz sxknjksmalz

@lxzdn A|kz Aln Bdnualu! BknljdDhzvlvxm.Mzlzdx Xlf Omvlxnm Slxknmvma ZFZ.

A|z Magdnzd Aslu Ekonlu! Bknljd/dhzvlvxmMzlzdx Xlf Omvlxnm Slxknmvma ZFZ.

Wkjlsxlzkflnvl Mzdjkmjkn Hdbdvmnm fl Bknljdadbm { Dhzvlvxkjkm.

Bx|sd xlm Omvlxnd/slxknmvma Fkxljjkn fl Flzmxxdaad fl Zlxwkjkdz Fl Zma|f ZFZ.

Mzdjkmjkn Hdbdvmnm fl Bknljdadbm { Dhzvlvxkjkm


3/201

Jdamhdxmfdxlz LZLZ shakjmz { sxkwmfmz

Fx. Malemnfxd Mnvdnkd Hm|vkzvm J`mxx{Fx. Mnfxz Jdxvlz fl adz XdzFx. Edxbl Lf|mxfd Jmxd Jmxd

Akj. Sm|am M. JmzvmlfmFx. Emkxd @. Fmu S

Fxm. Imxln Gxmnjd B.Fx. @jvdx Bdnualz Bmaknfd

Fx. Fmnkla Odnvlnlbxd LzjdwmxFx. @jvdx Xma Odxlnd Bolz

Fxm. Mosmxd Aldndx Xmoxlu JdxxlfdxFx. Okb|la Fmxd Xkjd Mjdzvm

Fx. Xmgmla SmxxmFx. Fmxd Zdvlad X|lfm

Fx. Nzvdx M|b|zvd Bkxmafd OnfluFxm. Jamxm @knlzvxdum Jxfdhm

Fx. A|jkd B|lxxm

Xlzkflnvlz

A|kzm Gmemxfd / \nkwlxzkfmf NmjkdnmaJmokad Gdnzljm B|uon / \nkwlxzkfmf fla Xdzmxkd

Jmxadz Wkaamjz Wmaaledz / \nkwlxzkfmf NmjkdnmaLfkzdn Mhm|num / \nkwlxzkfmf Zmn Omxvn

Zkzvlomz

Jddxfknmjkn LfkvdxkmaDgkjknm Mzlzdxm fl Jdo|nkjmjkdnlz ln Zma|fMalemnfxm Omafdnmfd Xkwlxm

Jdxxljjkn fl LzvkadSmvxkjkm Mxwmad Sklxdz

GdvdbxmgmFklbd Hm|vkzvm Omnjkaam

Fkzld { fkmbxmomjknJmosd Lamz Gxmnjd

833;KZHN ;


4/201

nfkjl


5/201

m sxds|lzvm fl am Sdavkjm fl Zma|f flnvxd fla Samn fl Flzmxxdaad Hdbdv Sdzkvkwm smxm Wkwkx Oledx8330/83=89 { fla Samn Fkzvxkvma fl Zma|f! samnvlm amz olvmz lzvx|jv|xmalz m 83== fl xlf|jkx amvmzm fl odxvmakfmf omvlxnm sdx flhmed fl 63 sdx =33.333 nmjkfdz wkwdz (Anlm fl Hmzl 83375


6/201

Zknlohmxbd! adz xlz|avmfdz fl adz mnakzkz fl o|lxvlz omvlxnmz xlmakumfdz ln adz JDWL! o|lz/vxmn jdod gmjvdxlz sxknjksmalz mzdjkmfdz m lzvmz o|lxvlz5 amz hmxxlxmz mfoknkzvxmvkwmz! fkgkj|avmfln la mjjlzd! gmavm fl dsdxv|nkfmf fl amz blzvmnvlz m adz zlxwkjkdz fl zma|f9 mz jdod knz|gkjklnvlla bxmfd fl knvlbxmakfmf majmnumfd ln z| mvlnjkn. Nd dhzvmnvl! ln 03, fl adz jmzdz zl kfln/vkgkjmn amz jm|zmz! nd ofkjmz! }|l jdnvxkh|{ln m laad { }|l zl s|lfln lwkvmx! ad }|l zkbnkgkjm}|l jdn amz lzvxmvlbkmz sxds|lzvmz sdx am Zljxlvmxm Fkzvxkvma fl Zma|f! am o|lxvl omvlxnm vklnflm fkzokn|kx.

Ad mnvlxkdx z|sdnl |nm dhakbmjkn smxm adz zkzvlomz { adz zlxwkjkdz fl zma|f! wkzkhkakumnfd am zm/a|f { am jmakfmf fl wkfm fl am omfxl { la hlh! smxm ad j|ma zl xl}|klxln sxdglzkdnmalz { m|pkakmxlzfl am zma|f. Vdfdz5 nd zad ofkjdz { lnglxolxmz! dfdnvadbdz! n|vxkjkdnkzvmz! szkjadbdz! vxm/hmemfdxlz zdjkmalz { vlxmskzvmz! jdosxdolvkfdz! mjv|makumfdz { jmsmjkvmfdz! jdn |n mavd zlnvkfdfl xlzsdnzmhkakfmf zdjkma.

Ln omndz fl zvdz sxdglzkdnmalz lzv am sdzkhkakfmf fl flvljvmx fl gdxom vlosxmnm la xklzbd lnam blzvmjkn! am sxlwlnjkn fl fmdz ln la glvd { fl sdzkhalz fkzjmsmjkfmflz! }|l slxokvm |nmknvlxwlnjkn dsdxv|nm.

Ln jdnjdxfmnjkm jdn ad mnvlxkdx! zl sxlzlnvmn lzvmz n|lwmz B|mz fl Mvlnjkn smxm am O|elxBlzvmnvl! sxdf|jvd fla vxmhmed { am smxvkjksmjkn knvlxfkzjksaknmxkm fl sxdglzkdnmalz fl am zma|f!fl amz fkglxlnvlz LZL fla Fkzvxkvd! { }|l xljdndjklxdn { mfdsvmxdn msmxvlz fl am Xlzda|jkn 6=8fl 8338.

Smxm adbxmx am vdvma mf`lxlnjkm m lzvmz B|mz! zl xl}|klxl jdnvkn|mx jdn |n sxdjlzd fl zln/zkhkakumjkn! jmsmjkvmjkn! lwma|mjkn { zlb|koklnvd jdnzvmnvl! sdx jdnzkflxmxadz vlomz! }|l zkzl xljdndjln { fkg|nfln lnvxl vdfdz adz mjvdxlz }|l knvlxwklnln ln am mvlnjkn fl amz o|elxlzblzvmnvlz { adz nldnmvdz! slxokvln am fkzokn|jkn fla hmed slzd ma nmjlx! adz smxvdz sxlomv|xdz{ amz o|lxvlz omvlxnmz { Slxknmvmalz }|l zl sxlzlnvmn ln am Jk|fmf.

Zljxlvmxm Fkzvxkvma fl Zma|fFkxljjkn fl Flzmxxdaad fl Zlxwkjkdz fl Zma|fJmaal =: Nd. :8 / 7;Hdbdv! F. J.rrr.zma|fjmskvma.bdw.jd


7/201


8/201

==

=. B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

=. Dhelvkwd blnlxma fl am B|m

\nkgkjmx jxkvlxkdz fl fkmbnzvkjd! omnled l knvlxwlnjkn sdx smxvl fl adz sxdglzkdnmalz fl am zma|f f|xmnvlla jdnvxda sxlnmvma fl vma gdxom }|l adz xlj|xzdz zl |vkakjln ln gdxom xmjkdnma smxm dsvkokumx am jmakfmf ln ammvlnjkn m am blzvmnvl.

=.= Dhelvkwdz lzsljgkjdz Kflnvkgkjmx l knvlxwlnkx dsdxv|nmolnvl adz sxknjksmalz gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd omvlxnd { slxknmvma.

Lzvmhaljlx smxolvxdz }|l dxklnvln am omnlxm fl jod xlmakumx la jdnvxda sxlnmvma ln adz fkglxlnvlz nkwl/alz fl mvlnjkn.

Fkzokn|kx am odxhkakfmf/odxvmakfmf omvlxnm { slxknmvma ln Hdbdv.

Fkzsdnlx fl |n knzvx|olnvd }|l gmjkakvl am lwma|mjkn! zlb|koklnvd { me|zvl fl am xlf fl mvlnjkn omvlxndslxknmvma fl Hdbdv.

8. Flnkjkn { mzsljvdz jdnjlsv|malz

8.= FlgknkjknLa Jdnvxda Sxlnmvma zl flgknl jdod la jdne|nvd fl mjjkdnlz! mjvkwkfmflz! sxdjlfkoklnvdz l knvlxwlnjkdnlz

}|l zl xlmakumn ln am o|elx lohmxmumfm jdn la dhelvkwd fl adbxmx |nm h|lnm zma|f omvlxnm! la flzmxxdaadfla glvd { am dhvlnjkn fl |n xljkn nmjkfd ln svkomz jdnfkjkdnlz flzfl la s|nvd fl wkzvm gzkjd! olnvma{ lodjkdnma.

La jdnvxda sxlnmvma vklnl adz zkb|klnvlz jdosdnlnvlz5

La mnakzkz vlosxmnd { jdnvkn|d fla xklzbd.

Am sxdodjkn fl am zma|f! flvljjkn vlosxmnm { sxdvljjkn lzsljgkjm.

Amz knvlxwlnjkdnlz ofkjmz { szkjdzdjkmalz.

Jdn hmzl ln lzvdz jdosdnlnvlz zl flgknl |nm zlxkl fl dhelvkwdz blnlxmalz }|l! m z| wlu! jmxmjvlxkumnm |n h|ln jdnvxda sxlnmvma.

Vmalz dhelvkwdz zdn5

Kflnvkgkjmjkn fl gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd.

Fkmbnzvkjd fl am lfmf blzvmjkdnma.

Kflnvkgkjmjkn fl am jdnfkjkn { jxljkoklnvd glvma.

Kflnvkgkjmjkn fl am jdnfkjkn omvlxnm.

Lf|jmjkn omvlxnm { m z| njald gmokakmx ln mjvkwkfmflz fl sxdodjkn { sxlwlnjkn.

La jdnvxda sxlnmvma flhl zlx5

Sxljdu5 sxdslnfl m am mvlnjkn ln am sxljdnjlsjkdnma! d flzfl la sxkolx vxkolzvxl.

Slxkfkjd5wmxm zlbn adz gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd! adz xlj|xzdz fkzsdnkhalz ln jmfm xlbkn { amz ndxomz lz/vmhaljkfmz.

Fl h|lnm jmakfmf5 zlbn am flvlxoknmjkn mflj|mfm fl adz gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd.

Knvlbxma5 knja|{l la gdolnvd! am sxlwlnjkn! lf|jmjkn { xlj|slxmjkn fl am zma|f.


9/201

=8B|mz fl Mvlnjkn Omvlxnm

\nkwlxzma5 jdn jdhlxv|xm vdvma! lz fljkx! m vdfmz fl amz o|elxlz blzvmnvlz ln |n xlm flvlxoknmfm! jdn/gdxol m ad flgknkfd ln la Zkzvlom Blnlxma fl Zlb|xkfmf Zdjkma ln Zma|f ln xlamjkn jdn z| kflnvkgkjmjknln la Zkzvlom { smxm am sdhamjkn oz sdhxl { w|anlxmhal! jdngdxol m amz odfmakfmflz flgknkfmz ln amndxomvkwm wkblnvl! sdx olfkd fl z|hzkfkdz ln zma|f.

Akhxl laljjkn5 ma bmxmnvkumx la mjjlzd fl am |z|mxkm m am knzvkv|jkn oz jlxjmnm.

8.8 Kflnvkgkjmjkn fl gmjvdxlz fl xklzbdLa gmjvdx fl xklzbd lz vdfm m}|laam jmxmjvlxzvkjm hkdabkjm! mohklnvma d zdjkma! }|l j|mnfd zl sxlzlnvm zl

mzdjkm jdn la m|olnvd ln am sxdhmhkakfmf fl sxlzlnvmx |n lwlnvd mfwlxzd! hkln zlm ln la glvd! ln am omfxl!d ln mohdz.

Am kflnvkgkjmjkn dsdxv|nm fl gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd slxokvl am samnlmjkn lzvxmvbkjm fl adz jdnvxdalz sxlnm/vmalz! lngmvkumnfd amz lzvxmvlbkmz fl xlokzkn { jdnvxmxlokzkn.

Zl `mn flzmxxdaamfd fkwlxzmz lzvxmvlbkmz smxm m{|fmx ma l}|ksd fl zma|f m wmadxmx adz gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd.

Vmham =. Gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd


10/201

=:B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

:. Flzmxxdaad fl am B|m:.= Jdnz|avm sxljdnjlsjkdnma

\nm fl amz jmosmmz }|l `m lpkbkfd om{dx lzg|lxud ln adz avkodz mdz lz am kosalolnvmjkn fl amjdnz|avm sxljdnjlsjkdnma! }|l vklnl jdod dhelvkwd oledxmx amz jdnfkjkdnlz omvlxnmz smxm |nm g|v|xm blz/vmjkn. Lzvd zl adbxm jdn am `kzvdxkm jankjm jdosalvm! lpmoln gzkjd l kflnvkgkjmjkn fl amz jdnfkjkdnlzszkjdzdjkmalz fl am smjklnvl.

Adz jdosdnlnvlz fl am jdnz|avm sxljdnjlsjkdnma zdn5

@kzvdxkm jankjm sxljdnjlsjkdnma! jdn ngmzkz ln5

v Kno|nkumjkdnlz sxlwkmz.

v Wkmelz m udnmz lnfokjmz fl lnglxolfmflz }|l s|lfmn sdnlx ln xklzbd am blzvmjkn jdod zdn5Omamxkm! Gklhxl Momxkaam! Flnb|l! @lsmvkvkz H! lnvxl dvxmz.

v Olfkjmjkdnlz.

v Znvdomz mjv|malz.

v Mnvljlflnvlz dhzvvxkjdz.

Jmxmjvlxzvkjmz fl adz lohmxmudz sxlwkdz.

Jmxmjvlxzvkjmz fl adz jkjadz olnzvx|malz.

Ovdfdz fl samnkgkjmjkn.

Mnvljlflnvlz fl Lnglxolfmflz fl Vxmnzokzkn Zlp|ma (LVZ+.

Mnvljlflnvlz blnvkjdz ln am gmokakm.

@kzvdxkm fl majd`dakzod! vmhm}|kzod { fxdbmfkjjkn.

@hkvdz fl fklvmz! lzvmfd n|vxkjkdnma.

v Nkwla zdjkdljdnokjd.

vLpsdzkjkdnlz ln la zkvkd fl vxmhmed m gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd smxm am blzvmjkn.

vZdsdxvl zdjkma.


11/201


vWkdalnjkm sdvlnjkma.

v@hkvdz fl lelxjkjkd.

vAmhdxmvdxkdz sxljdnjlsjkdnmalz jdod5 Vdpdsamzom Kb B! @KW! J@! smxjkma fl dxknm! @lodjamzkgkjmjkn!WFXA! bakjlokm! jkvdadbm jxwkjd wmbknma (lz}|lom =/=/:+! Mj KbB Mnvkx|hdam.

vJdosmlxd zlp|ma mjv|ma5 xklzbd LVZ! lfmf! xklzbd blnvkjd (mnvljlflnvlz gmokakmxlz+.

Ln am jdnz|avm sxljdnjlsjkdnma la z|oknkzvxd fla jkfd gakjd flhl knja|kxzl flzfl la odolnvd ln }|l amsmjklnvl omnkgklzvl z| flzld fl lohmxmud { `mzvm la sxkolx vxkolzvxl fl am blzvmjkn. (66+

jkfd Gakjd5 smxm am sxlwlnjkn fl adz flgljvdz fla v|hd nl|xma zl xljdoklnfm mfoknkzvxmx f|xmnvl amlvmsm sxljdnjlsjkdnma! sdx ad olndz ln amz j|mvxd zlomnmz sxlwkmz m am blzvmjkn! { ln amz sxkolxmzfdjl zlomnmz5

6 ob fkmxkdz! ln o|elxlz jdn mnvljlflnvl fl `ked jdn flgljvd fla v|hd nl|xma9 d ln o|elxlz ln vxmvm/oklnvd jdn olfkjmolnvdz }|l m|olnvln z| knjkflnjkm9 { = ob fkmxkd! ln blzvmnvlz zkn lzvdz mnvljl/flnvlz.

Jmajkd5 flhl z|oknkzvxmxzl f|xmnvl am blzvmjkn `mzvm jdosalvmx |nm knblzvm omvlxnm onkom fl =833/=


12/201

=


13/201


Amhdxmvdxkd jankjd { mjvkwkfmflz fl sxlwlnjkn


14/201

=2B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma


15/201


16/201

=;B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

:.< Zkbndz fl mamxomKngdxomjkn { lf|jmjkn zdhxl am kosdxvmnjkm fl am mvlnjkn fla smxvd knzvkv|jkdnma! jdnfkjkdnlz smxvkj|/

amxlz { zkbndz fl mamxom sdx adz }|l flhl jdnz|avmx dsdxv|nmolnvl! vmalz jdod5 zmnbxmfd blnkvma! x|sv|xmsxlomv|xm fl olohxmnmz! lflom! wxvkbdz! jlgmalm! fdadx lskbzvxkjd! jmohkdz ln am dxknm { vxmzvdxndzwkz|malz { m|fkvkwdz.

Kngdxomx! lf|jmx { hxknfmx jdnzlelxm ln samnkgkjmjkn gmokakmx. Zdakjkvmx gkxom fla jdnzlnvkoklnvd kngdxomfdfl am blzvmnvl ln jmzd fl lalbkx ovdfd slxomnlnvl smxm flzs|z fla smxvd.

Lf|jmx { sxlsmxmx smxm am amjvmnjkm omvlxnm lpja|zkwm `mzvm adz zlkz olzlz { jdn makolnvmjkn jdosal/olnvmxkm `mzvm adz fdz mdz. (6


17/201

83B|mz fl Mvlnjkn Omvlxnm

Lzjmam fl xklzbd hkd zkjdzdjkma sxlnmvma

Ln jmzd fl lzvmhaljlxzl xklzbd szkjdzdjkma zl xljdoklnfm xlokvkx m wmadxmjkn jdn szkjdadbm {vxmhmed zdjkma.

:.2 Xlokzkn m jdnz|avm fl Dfdnvdadbm { N|vxkjkn5Am kngljjkn slxkdfdnvma `m zkfd mzdjkmfm jdn |n knjxlolnvd ln la xklzbd fl smxvd sxl vxoknd! { sxll/

jamoszkm/ljamoszkm! sdx ad }|l flhl xlmakumxzl |nm jdnz|avm dfdnvdabkjm ln am gmzl vlosxmnm fla lohm/xmud jdn la gkn fl wmadxmx la lzvmfd fla msmxmvd lzvdomvdbnvkjd! jdnvxdamx adz gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd smxm amlnglxolfmf slxkdfdnvma { jmxklz! mz jdod smxm gdxvmaljlx sxjvkjmz fl `kbklnl dxma mflj|mfmz.

G|lnvlz5 @lxxlxm lv ma. Mnzklfmf zlwlxm5 Vlnzkn lodjkdnma! `|odx flsxlzkwd! znvdomz nl|xdwlblvmvkwdz flmnb|zvkm (fdz d vxlz znvdomz knvlnzdz+.

Zdsdxvl zdjkma knmflj|fd5 knzmvkzgmjjkn jdn la msd{d xljkhkfd sdx am gmokakm {$d jdosmlxd ln la lohmxmud lnvklosd! lzsmjkd { fknlxd (fdz d vxlz mzsljvdz knzmvkzglj`dz+.

Mavd xklzbd hkdszkjdzdjkma5 : s|nvdz


18/201

8=B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

Lzvmz xlokzkdnlz flhln `mjlxzl fl x|vknm! knflslnfklnvl fl adz `maamubdz fla lpmoln ofkjd d vxmvm/oklnvdz ln j|xzd! { lzvmx knja|kfm ln la jmxnlv sxlnmvma.

:.0 Mjjkdnlz kngdxomvkwmz { fl sxdodjkn fl am zma|f f|xmnvl lalohmxmud

Makolnvmjkn

F|xmnvl la lohmxmud am makolnvmjkn flhl zlx jdosalvm { wmxkmfm smxm jdnzlxwmx z| zma|f { am fl z| `ked.M ad amxbd fla lohmxmud z| slzd m|olnvmx lnvxl ; { =: i.

Lz xljdolnfmhal5

]|l adz makolnvdz jdod am jmxnl { la slzjmfd zl jdjknln m am samnj`m d `lxwkfdz! zdhxl vdfd zk la m| /olnvd fl slzd lz lpjlzkwd.

]|l m|olnvl ln gdxom odflxmfm amz gx|vmz! wlxf|xmz! smn (sxlglxkhalolnvl knvlbxma+! mxxdu! smzvm { al/b|ohxlz.

]|l vdol lnvxl olfkd { |n akvxd fl alj`l ma fm! d z| l}|kwmalnvl ln {db|x d }|lzd gxlzjd.

]|l xlf|ujm adz makolnvdz jdn lpjlzkwm jmnvkfmf fl bxmzm fl dxkbln mnkoma! jdod vdjknd! omnvl}|kaam!loh|vkfdz! lnvxl dvxdz.

]|l xlf|ujm adz makolnvdz jdn o|j`d mujmx! jdod smzvlalz! f|ajlz! ln lzsljkma m}|laadz sxlgmhxkjm/

fdz! jmxmoladz! j`djdamvl! lnvxl dvxdz.

Majd`da vmhmjd { fxdbmzF|xmnvl la lohmxmud flhl lwkvmx amz hlhkfmz majd`akjmz { la jdnz|od fl dvxmz fxdbmz sdx zlx slxe|fkjkm/

alz. Smxm la glvd xlz|avm ndjkwd vmohkn la jdnz|od fl vmhmjd! sdx ad }|l zl knzkzvkx ln am kosdxvmnjkm flflemx fl g|omx.

Olfkjmolnvdz { xmfkmjkdnlzJdod ndxom blnlxma flhl lwkvmxzl vdomx j|ma}|klx vksd fl olfkjmolnvdz f|xmnvl la lohmxmud! m olndz

}|l `m{mn zkfd mjdnzlemfdz sdx la ofkjd. Am lpsdzkjkn m xmfkmjkdnlz (Xm{dz p+ s|lfl zlx slakbxdzm

smxm la ked! sdx ad }|l zad flhlxn xlmakumxzl amz xmfkdbxmgmz lzvxkjvmolnvl nljlzmxkmz d m|vdxkumfmz sdx lalzsljkmakzvm { jdn am sxdvljjkn flhkfm.

JdnzlelxmLf|jmjkn knfkwkf|ma m am omfxl! jdosmlxd { gmokakm.

Adz zkb|klnvlz mzsljvdz zdn xlalwmnvlz jdod jdosalolnvd fl amz mnvlxkdxlz

Mjvkwkfmflz5 Gdolnvmx am knvlbxmjkn m am jdnz|avm fla smfxl d gmokakm! nd zad la mjdosmmoklnvd ln amz jdnz|avmz!

zknd f|xmnvl la odolnvd fla smxvd { fla s|lxslxkd.

Knjxlolnvmx adz gmjvdxlz sxdvljvdxlz smxm am zma|f fl am blzvmnvl! vmalz jdod olfkfmz kbknkjmz! b|m n|/vxkjkdnma! gdolnvd fl am mjvkwkfmf gzkjm! zlp|makfmf! sxlwlnjkn fl kngljjkdnlz wmbknmalz! z|ld! wlzv|mxkd!msd{d mgljvkwd! jdnvxda sxlnmvma! wmj|nmjkn { mvlnjkn knzvkv|jkdnma fla smxvd.

Gdxvmaljlx adz wnj|adz mgljvkwdz! am m|vdlzvkom { la m|vd j|kfmfd jdod gmjvdxlz sxdvljvdxlz.

Sxlwlnkx am m|vdolfkjmjkn { la jdnz|od fl vmhmjd! majd`da { z|zvmnjkmz szkjdmjvkwmz f|xmnvl am blz/vmjkn. Am blzvmnvl g|omfdxm flhl zlx kngdxomfm zdhxl adz xklzbdz fla jkbmxxkaad ln la lohmxmud5 smxvdsxlvxoknd! hmed slzd ma nmjlx9 { am kosdxvmnjkm fl z|zslnflxad. Fl kb|ma gdxom! la jdnz|od fla majd`da{ dvxmz z|zvmnjkmz szkjdmjvkwmz.


19/201


Dxklnvmx zdhxl adz zkbndz fl mamxom sdx adz }|l flhl jdnz|avmx dsdxv|nmolnvl! vmalz jdod5 @kslxvlnzknMxvlxkma! Jlgmalm! Vxmzvdxndz Wkz|malz { M|fkvkwdz! Lskbmzvxmabkm! Lflomz! fkzokn|jkn omxjmfm d m|zlnjkmfl odwkoklnvdz glvmalz! mjvkwkfmf |vlxknm! zmnbxmfd blnkvma! Monkdxxlm d Al|jdxxlm! d zknvdomvdadbm |xk/nmxkm.

Hxknfmx |n lzsmjkd smxm xlzdawlx kn}|klv|flz l knvlxxdbmnvlz fl am blzvmnvl.

Xljdolnfmx zkvkdz smxm z| mvlnjkn f|xmnvl amz 86 `dxmz fla fm9 d fl zdakjkv|f fl kngdxomjkn ln zkv|m/jkdnlz fl |xblnjkm.

Zl flhl lnvxlbmx omvlxkma kosxlzd jdn kngdxomjkn hzkjm m am blzvmnvl { z| gmokakm zdhxl adz jdnjlsvdz

mxxkhm zlmamfdz.

La zkb|klnvl! lz |n j|mfxd zknsvkjd }|l s|lfl zlx vka smxm xljdxfmx }| `mjlx f|xmnvl la lohmxmud! jdnjmfm jdnvxda sxlnmvma5

%%% (KbB vdpdsamzom (zk lz sdzkvkwd zdakjkvmx kbO! zk la vdpd lz KbB lz nlbmvkwd xlslvkx ln 7 olzlz+!%% zkWFXA lz xlmjvkwm zdakjkvmx GVM mhz d vs m+!


20/201

8:B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

Zlbn jxkvlxkd olfkjd { smvdadbm kflnvkgkjmfm zl zdakjkvmx smxm jankjdz jdosalolnvmxkdz

6. Xlglxlnjkm fl adz gmjvdxlz fl xklzbdOlfkmnvl la |zd fla lngd}|l fl xklzbd { z| wmadxmjkn slxomnlnvl! lz sdzkhal kflnvkgkjmx ln am jdnz|avm

sxlnmvma m vdfmz amz omvlxnmz jdn xklzbdz hkdzkjdzdjkmalz smxm am blzvmjkn! maxlflfdx fla 83,9 { am vdvmak/fmf fl omfxlz jdn xklzbdz smxm la smxvd }|l xlsxlzlnvmn msxdpkomfmolnvl la =


21/201


Mnlpdz

Ga|edbxmom fl mvlnjkn


22/201

8


23/201


BLZVMNVL OM[DX. Lohmxmumfm om{dx fl :< mdz.

@KSLXOLZKZ BXMWFKJM. Sxlzlnjkm fl wokvd slxzkzvlnvl d xlj|xxlnvl zlj|nfmxkm m am blzvmjkn}|l nd xlzsdnfl m vxmvmoklnvd ofkjd.

OMJXDZDOM. Glvd om{dx fl 6.333 bxmodz d slxjlnvka om{dx ;


24/201

82B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

Mnlpd

F|xmnvl la lohmxmud lz mjdnzlemhal }|l zl vxmnzokvmn! onkod! amz zkb|klnvlz xljdolnfmjkdnlz5

J|kfl am `kbklnl slxzdnma. Lz xljdolnfmhal am f|j`m fkmxkm! {m }|l f|xmnvl am blzvmjkn! m|olnvm amz|fdxmjkn { la ga|ed wmbknma.

Knfk}|l am akosklum fl am hdjm. Lz mjdnzlemhal am akosklum flnvma flzs|z fl jmfm jdokfm { xlokvkx madfdnvadbd smxm wmadxmjkn.

Lwkvmx la |zd fl amz olfkmz { jmajlvknlz }|l sxdf|ujmn jdosxlzkn adjma fl am sklxnm {m }|l s|lflnm|olnvmx la flzmxxdaad fl wmxkjlz.

VXMHMED. F|xmnvl la lohmxmud s|lfl flzmxxdaamx la vxmhmed `mhkv|ma! zklosxl { j|mnfd nd jm|zl gmvkbmgzkjm d sz}|kjm lpjlzkwm! mzvm la djvmwd olz fl blzvmjkn. M smxvkx fl lzl odolnvd zl flhl xlf|jkx ammjvkwkfmf gzkjm! ln ad sdzkhal zl xljdoklnfm la flzjmnzd amhdxma ln amz avkomz zlomnmz fl am blzvmjkn.Lwkvmx la omnled fl sxdf|jvdz vpkjdz d }|l zl lpsdnbm m xmfkmjkdnlz.

FLSDXVLZ. F|xmnvl la lohmxmud am o|elx zmnm vklnl olndx vdalxmnjkm ma lzg|lxud gzkjd. Lz jdnwlnklnvlxlmakumx |n lelxjkjkd gzkjd odflxmfd! mjdnzlenfdzl adz smzldz! am nmvmjkn { adz lelxjkjkdz msxlnfkfdzln la j|xzd fl sxlsmxmjkn smxm am omvlxnkfmf { am smvlxnkfmf. Nd zl xljdoklnfm am sxjvkjm fl flsdxvlzwkdalnvdz! fl jdoslvkjkn d }|l sxdf|ujmn gmvkbm.

Wkmelz. Sdx ad blnlxma! nd lzvn jdnvxmknfkjmfdz. Nd lz mjdnzlemhal xlmakumx wkmelz m a|bmxlz jdn lzjmzdzzlxwkjkdz zmnkvmxkdz. @mjkm la gknma fl am blzvmjkn zl flhl lwkvmx wkmelz amxbdz. Adz wkmelz ln mwkn nd lzvnjdnvxmknfkjmfdz.

Xlamjkdnlz zlp|malz. Zk la lohmxmud j|xzm jdn ndxomakfmf nd lz nljlzmxkd odfkgkjmx d knvlxx|oskx adz`hkvdz zlp|malz. Lwkvmx amz xlamjkdnlz zlp|malz j|mnfd lpkzvl lodxxmbkm d sxfkfmz wmbknmalz! molnmumfl smxvd sxlomv|xd d X|sv|xm Sxlomv|xm fl Olohxmnmz. Zl xljdoklnfm lwkvmx amz xlamjkdnlz zlp|malzln la avkod olz fl lohmxmud.

JMOHKDZ LZSLXMFDZ LN Z\ DXBMNKZOD. M|n}|l la lohmxmud lz |nm lvmsm ndxoma fl am wkfm!s|lfl msxljkmx adz zkb|klnvl jmohkdz5

vLzvmx oz zlnzkhal { lodvkwm.

vLn djmzkdnlz! zl s|lfl zlnvkx jmnzmfm { gmvkbmfm.vDhzlxwmx om{dx skbolnvmjkn fl am skla {! m wljlz! am msmxkjkn fl lzvxmz.

vAmz omomz m|olnvmn fl vmomd! la slun lz oz zlnzkhal { s|lfl msmxljlx alj`l mnvlz fl vlxoknmxla lohmxmud. Nd zl lz mjdnzlemhal am omnks|amjkn fla slun.

vLn am om{dxm zl sxlzlnvmn amz n|zlmz { wokvdz! zdhxl vdfd ln amz ommnmz! f|xmnvl adz vxlz sxk/olxdz olzlz fla lohmxmud. Fl kb|ma omnlxm! zl s|lfl sxlzlnvmx mxfdx fl lzvombd ma gknma fl amblzvmjkn. Jdnz|avl m z| ofkjd ln vdfdz adz jmzdz.

vLa lzvxlkoklnvd { amz `lodxxdkflz zdn gxlj|lnvlz. Sxdj|xl vdomx |nm fklvm xkjm ln gkhxm! u|odz { a}|k/fdz. Nd vdol ampmnvlz zkn jdnz|avmx m z| ofkjd.

vAmz wxkjlz zdn |n xklzbd gxlj|lnvl! zdhxl vdfd ma gknma fl am blzvmjkn. Sdx vmnvd! lwkvl amz xdsmz me|z/vmfmz. Nd slxomnlujm fl skl f|xmnvl slxdfdz sxdadnbmfdz. Flzjmnzl jdn amz sklxnmz lalwmfmz. Lzmjdnzlemhal |vkakumx olfkmz lazvkjmz `mzvm am jknv|xm.

vAm `knj`mun fl sklz { vdhkaadz m ad amxbd fla fm! nd lz zkbnd sxldj|smnvl.

vAdz fdadxlz fl lzsmafm msmxljln sxknjksmaolnvl ma gknma fla lohmxmud! j|mnfd am o|elx blzvmnvl mfds/vm |nm sdzv|xm fkzvknvm m am `mhkv|ma. Sxdj|xl lzjdblx lzsmafmxlz xljvdz! lwkvmx jmxbmz slzmfmz { |vkakumx|n jdaj`n f|xd smxm z| flzjmnzd.

vF|xmnvl la lohmxmud m|olnvm am nljlzkfmf { gxlj|lnjkm fl dxknmx! dhakbnfdam m alwmnvmxzl knja|zd sdxam ndj`l.


25/201


SXLWLNJKN FL LNGLXOLFMFLZ KNGLJJKDZMZ VXMNZOKZKHALZ MA GLVD

Lpkzvln mab|nmz kngljjkdnlz }|l j|mnfd mgljvmn m am omfxl f|xmnvl la lohmxmud s|lfln zlx slakbxdzmzsmxm la glvd. Lz xljdolnfmhal }|l lwkvl vdfdz adz oljmnkzodz sdzkhalz fl jdnvmbkd. Vlnlx sxljm|jkdnlzln la jdnvmjvd jdn bmvdz { dvxdz mnkomalz fdozvkjdz. Nd jdolx jmxnl! nk |lwdz jx|fdz d m olfkd jdjlx!nk loh|vkfdz sdjd j|xmfdz. Flhl amwmxzl amz omndz flzs|z fl vdjmx am jmxnl ln am jdjknm { lwkvmx knblxkxwlxf|xmz gxlzjmz oma amwmfmz. Flhl lwkvmx la jdnvmjvd jdn lnglxodz }|l vlnbmn j|ma}|klx vksd fl kngljjkn9{ nd lpsdnlxzl m xklzbd fl lnglxolfmf fl vxmnzokzkn zlp|ma mjdnzlenfdzl! ln lzvdz jmzdz! la losaldfla sxlzlxwmvkwd.

SZKJDSXDGKAMPKZ DHZVVXKJM (J\XZDZ FL LF\JMJKN OMVLXNM+Lz |nm mjvkwkfmf }|l zl sxdsdnl smxm }|l am smxlem s|lfm wkwkx mjvkwmolnvl { jdamhdxmx ln la lohmxmud{ smxvd fl z| `ked. Jdn am kngdxomjkn fmfm ln adz j|xzdz zl knvlnvm fkzokn|kx la oklfd ma smxvd! lpsakjmx laflzmxxdaad fla lohmxmud! la smxvd { adz ovdfdz fl wkbkamnjkm { am mvlnjkn ma xljkn nmjkfd. Sdx dvxm smxvl!zl lnzlm fl gdxom sxjvkjm m xlamemxzl { m xlmakumx am xlzskxmjkn mflj|mfm ln jmfm odolnvd fla smxvd smxmm{|fmx m am lwda|jkn fla okzod { fkzokn|kx la fdadx.

J\NFD FLHL MJ\FKX M AM JDNZ\AVM4

Mfloz fl amz jdnz|avmz slxkfkjmz xljdolnfmfmz! flhl sdnlx ln jdndjkoklnvd fl z| ofkjd j|ma}|klxmndomam lzsljkmaolnvl5

vWokvdz knvlnzdz { slxzkzvlnvlz.

vFkmxxlmz.

vFdadx ma dxknmx.vFdadx fl jmhlum kn|z|ma.

v@knj`mun ln udnmz fkzvknvmz m adz sklz { vdhkaadz sdx am vmxfl! d ln lzvdz a|bmxlz zk nd flzmsmxljln jdnla xlsdzd ndjv|xnd.

J\NFD FLHL MJ\FKX M AM JANKJM D MA @DZSKVMA4

Flhlx mj|fkx knolfkmvmolnvl m z| ofkjd! m am jankjm d ma `dzskvma! zk dhzlxwm5

v@lodxxmbkm sdx adz blnkvmalz.

vSxfkfm fl a}|kfd sdx adz blnkvmalz.

vFdadx mhfdoknma knvlnzd d jdnvxmjjkdnlz |vlxknmz fdadxdzmz.

vGklhxl lalwmfm.

vFdadx fl jmhlum o|{ knvlnzd.

J\NFD FLHL ZDZSLJ@MX ]\L JDOKLNUM LA SMXVD4

Flhlx mj|fkx m am jankjm d ma `dzskvma! sdx sdzkhal knkjkd fl smxvd zk sxlzlnvm5

vJdnvxmjjkdnlz |vlxknmz xvokjmz! sxdbxlzkwmolnvl oz knvlnzmz { jdn gxlj|lnjkm fl! ma olndz! fdz ln=3 okn|vdz f|xmnvl :3 okn|vdz.

vSxfkfm fl a}|kfd sdx wmbknm! (x|sv|xm fl am hdazm+.

vSxfkfm `lodxxbkjm sdx wmbknm.

AMJVMNJKM OMVLXNM

Flzfl lzvl odolnvd |zvlf flhl zmhlx }|l am amjvmnjkm omvlxnm zl jdnzkflxm am oledx makolnvmjkn {

oz zlb|xm smxm z| `ked. Flhl knkjkmxzl j|mnvd mnvlz flzs|z fla smxvd9 f|xmnvl am okzom! am o|elx flhlm|olnvmx am knblzvm fl a}|kfdz { jmadxmz! zdhxl vdfd alj`l d m}|laadz jdn hmzl ln alj`l.

Am o|elx }|l amjvm flhl mhzvlnlxzl fl g|omx! vdomx majd`da d j|ma}|klx fxdbm d olfkjmolnvd }|l nd`m{m zkfd knfkjmfd sdx z| ofkjd! {m }|l vdfdz smzmn m am alj`l { s|lfln slxe|fkjmx m z| `ked.

Am amjvmnjkm omvlxnm nd s|lfl jdnzkflxmxzl |n ovdfd mnvkjdnjlsvkwd.

S\LXSLXKD. Zdn adz sxkolxdz 63 fmz flzs|z fla smxvd! { f|xmnvl zvl flhl mhzvlnlxzl fl sxmjvkjmxla jdkvd.


26/201

8;B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

J|kfmx z|z omomz amwmnfd z|z omndz { adz sludnlz mnvlz { flzs|z fl jmfm vdom fla nkd. Gknmakumfdlzvl slxkdfd flhlx sdnlxzl ln jdnvmjvd jdn z| ofkjd d jlnvxd fl zma|f jdn la gkn fl xljkhkx am kngdxom/jkn mflj|mfm zdhxl samnkgkjmjkn gmokakmx { j|kfmfdz slxvknlnvlz.

Jamzkgkjmjkn fla xklzbd5

Ln vdfm jdnz|avm zl flhl jamzkgkjmx la xklzbd { xlbkzvxmxad ln am `kzvdxkm jankjm! fl mj|lxfd m adz zkb|klnvlzs|nvmelz5

Mnvljlflnvlz Xlsxdf|jvkwdz5Nolxd fl smxvdz3 ? =

= m 6 ? 3

< d oz ? 8

Fdz d oz mhdxvdz5 ? :

@kzvdxkm fl knglxvkakfmf5 ? :

@lodxxmbkm sdzsmxvd ? 8

Mnvljlflnvl = albxmfd ? =

\n `ked Om{dx fl 6333 b ? :

\n `ked olndx fl 8


27/201

:3B|mz fl Mvlnjkn Omvlxnm

Dvxmz lnglxolfmflz ofkjmz

Fl mj|lxfd m z| bxmwlfmf = m :

Lohmxmud mjv|ma

@lodxxmbkm

1 83 zlo. ? =

> 83 zlo. ? :

Mnlokm (1 =3 b,+ ? =Sxdadnbmfd ? :

@kslxvlnzkn ? :

Sxlljamoszkm ? :

X|sv|xm Sxlomv|xm fl Olohxmnmz ? :

Sdak`kfxmonkdz ? :

XJK\ ? :

Lohmxmud oavksal ? :

Omam sxlzlnvmjkn ? 8

Kzdkno|nkumjkn X` ? :

Kngljjkn |xknmxkm xlj|xxlnvl ? :Dhlzkfmf! KOJ > 82 ? 8

Hmed Xklzbd5 zk la s|nvmel lz fl 3 m 8

Mavd Xklzbd5 zk la s|nvmel lz : d oz

Amz smjklnvlz fl hmed xklzbd! zdn jdnvxdamfmz sdx ofkjd blnlxma { lnglxolxm jdn la msd{d fl n|vxkjkn!dfdnvdadbm { vxmhmed zdjkma. Mfloz flhln mzkzvkx m |nm jdnz|avm jdn bknljadbd lnvxl amz zlomnmz 80 {:8! j|mnfd vlnbmn amz wmadxmjkdnlz { amhdxmvdxkdz olnjkdnmfdz.

Amz smjklnvlz fl mavd xklzbd! flhln jdnvkn|mx la jdnvxda jdn lnglxolxm! n|vxkjkn! dfdnvdadbm! vxmhmedzdjkma { zlx lnwkmfmz m jdnvxda sdx bknljadbd! vmn sxdnvd zl kflnvkgk}|l la mavd xklzbd.

Am fljkzkn fl jdnvkn|mx la omnled fl smjklnvlz fl mavd xklzbd ln KK Nkwla! d fl xlokvkx m KKK Nkwla zlx vdomfmsdx la bknljadbd fl mj|lxfd m am smvdadbm { zlbn jxkvlxkd jankjd.


28/201

:=B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

Hkhakdbxmgm

Lzvm B|m vdo msdxvlz fl am B|m 36=8 odfkgkjmfm { mxvj|adz xlamjkdnmfdz.

=. MXFKAM ODNVLMALBXL! Emwklx. Jdnvxda Sxlnmvma. @dzskvma \nkwlxzkvmxkd Zmn Kbnmjkd! Hdbdv. Sxdbxmom flMjv|makumjkn Ofkjm MZJDGMOL! Hdbdv 8338.

8. MXKMZ! G. B|m Sxjvkjm smxm la Lohmxmud { la Smxvd fl Mavd Xklzbd. 8m Lfkjkn. Odzh{$Fd{om Akhxdz. Om/

fxkf. ss 62


29/201


83. BOLU! S.K.9 Akhxd5 Vlomz fl Knvlxz ln Bknljdadbm { Dhzvlvxkjkm. Jmsv|ad =;5 @lodxxmbkm ln la sdzsmxvdknolfkmvd. \nkwlxzkfmf Nmjkdnma fl Jdadohkm. =;;058::/8:;.

8=. BXDWLX! JO.9 V@\AAKLU! S.9 XLOKNBVDN! EZ.9 HDDV@XD[F! EJ. Xmskf sxlnmvma fkmbndzkz dg jdnblnkvmavdpdsamzom kngljvkdn h{ |zknb sdakolxmzl j`mkn xlmjvkdn mnf monkdvkj ga|kf. E Jakn Okjxdhkda =;;39 80588;2/8:3=. B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma { gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd :


30/201

::B|m fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma

6:. Sxdvdjdad fl Jdnvxda Sxlnmvma. Bx|sd Vxmhmed. Jddxfknmfdx Fx. Lhlxv Sxlu. @dzskvma Smhad WK Hdzm L.Z.L

66. SLM/XDZMZ! ES.9 WKVLXK! GL. Lgljvdz fl am mfoknkzvxmjkn zkzvlovkjm fl z|salolnvdz fl `klxxd sdx wm dxmajdn d zkn jkfd gakjd m lohmxmumfmz (Jdj`xmnl Xlwklr+. Kn5 Am Hkhakdvljm Jdj`xmnl Sa|z! Kzz|l :! 8330+.Xlwkzkn Jdj`xmnl vxmf|jkfm+Ixmolx OZ! Imi|om.


31/201


32/201

:2

8. Mvlnjkn vxmzvdxndz

`kslxvlnzkwdz fla lohmxmud

=. E|zvkjmjknAmz mavlxmjkdnlz `kslxvlnzkwmz }|l mjdosmmn ma lohmxmud flvlxoknmn |nm jdosakjmjkn dhzvvxkjm gxl/

j|lnvl { fl ndvmhal odxhkodxvmakfmf omvlxnm { slxknmvma. Lz |nm lnvkfmf fl sxlwmalnjkm zdzvlnkfm! m slzmxfl adz bxmnflz lzg|lxudz smxm z| jdnvxda! jdn am hz}|lfm fl olfkfmz sxlwlnvkwmz. La sxdnzvkjd lz z|z/jlsvkhal fl odf|amxzl oledxmnfd la fkmbnzvkjd vlosxmnd (=+. Am knjkflnjkm zl `m jmaj|amfd lnvxl la 7 { la0, fl vdfmz amz blzvmjkdnlz { lz am sxkolxm jm|zm fl odxhkodxvmakfmf omvlxnm ln n|lzvxd smz.

Am Sxlljamoszkm lz am omnkglzvmjkn `kslxvlnzkwm oz gxlj|lnvl fla lohmxmud! zklnfd lzvm |nm lnglxol/fmf fl bxmn jdosalekfmf! smxm am }|l zl xl}|klxl |n omnled fl mavd nkwla fl xlj|xzd vjnkjd { |omnd (8+.

La fkmbnzvkjd fl Sxlljamoszkm aalwm kosajkvm! zklosxl! am sxlzlnjkm fl |nm fkzg|njkn dxbnkjm oavksal}|l jdnf|jl m wkbkamx adz jxkvlxkdz fl jdosxdokzd zlwlxd fl jmfm |nd fl adz xbmndz wkvmalz. Lzvm jdnfk/jkn zklosxl `m zkfd jdnzkflxmfm am hmzl jankjm smxm lnvlnflx am mavm odxhkodxvmakfmf fla znfxdol (=!8+.

8. Dhelvkwd blnlxmaFkmbndzvkjmx { jdnvxdamx dsdxv|nmolnvl amz jdosakjmjkdnlz `kslxvlnzkwmz fla lohmxmud! dxklnvmx la vxmvm/

oklnvd mflj|mfd! dgxljlx lf|jmjkn knfkwkf|ma { xlglxkx ma nkwla fl om{dx jdosalekfmf j|mnfd zl xl}|klxm.

8.= Dhelvkwdz lzsljgkjdz Kflnvkgkjmx gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd.

Fkzokn|kx am odxhkodxvmakfmf omvlxnm { slxknmvma lpvxlom. Fkzsdnlx fl |n knzvx|olnvd }|l gmjkakvl la zlb|koklnvd { oledxmoklnvd jdnvkn|d.

Xmjkdnmakumx jdzvdz.

\nkgkjmx jxkvlxkdz fl fkmbnzvkjd! omnled l knvlxwlnjkn smxm |n |zd xmjkdnma fl adz xlj|xzdz hxknfmnfd|nm h|lnm jmakfmf ln la zlxwkjkd.

Kflnvkgkjmx vlosxmnmolnvl adz jxkvlxkdz fkmbnzvkjdz.

:. OlvdfdadbmAm jamzkgkjmjkn fl adz nkwlalz fl lwkflnjkm { adz bxmfdz fl xljdolnfmjkn! zl mjv|makumxdn fl mj|lxfd

jdn am jamzkgkjmjkn fl am olfkjknm hmzmfm ln am Lwkflnjkm fl Dpgdxf! wlx Vmham < ma gknma fla fdj|olnvd. Zl

v|wklxdn ln j|lnvm amz B|mz sxllpkzvlnvlz! zl xlmaku am hz}|lfm fl lpslxkolnvdz jankjdz jdnvxdamfdz dxlwkzkdnlz fl olvm/mnakzkz smxm jmfm xljdolnfmjkn! ln am Hmzl fl Fmvdz S|hOlf! d xlwkzkdnlz zkzvlo/vkjmz fl JDJ@XMNL9 { mfkjkdnmaolnvl zl lzvmhaljklxdn dsknkdnlz fla jdokv fl lpslxvdz flzmxxdaamfdxlzfl am sxlzlnvl B|m (NL ? Nkwla fl Lwkflnjkm la j|ma lz zlb|kfd sdx am alvxm }|l `mjl xlglxlnjkm ma vksd flxljdolnfmjkn+.

6. \z|mxkd fl am B|mVdfd sxdglzkdnma fl am zma|f }|l sxlzvl mvlnjkn m am blzvmnvl


33/201



34/201

:;Mvlnjkn vxmzvdxndz `kslxvlnzkwdz fla lohmxmud

Zl flhl knzkzvkx ln }|l amz smjklnvlz olndxlz fl =0 mdz! gkzkdabkjmolnvl sxlzlnvmn jkgxmz vlnzkdnmalzolndxlz }|l amz o|elxlz mf|avmz! sdx ad vmnvd la aokvl smvdabkjd fla =63$;3 oo @b nd lz lpvxmsdamhal mlzvm sdhamjkn.

Nd lz knfkzslnzmhal la |zd fl l}|ksdz laljvxnkjdz fl omnlxm x|vknmxkm smxm olfkx am sxlzkn mxvlxkma. Adzvlnzkolvxdz fl jda|onm fl olxj|xkd! zkb|ln zklnfd am oledx dsjkn jdod knzvx|olnvd smxm olfkx amvlnzkn mxvlxkma! sdx ad vmnvd! zl xljdoklnfm jdod lalolnvd kosdxvmnvl ln adz jdnz|avdxkdz fl omvlxnkfmf{ ln amz zmamz fl mfokzkdnlz smxm vxmhmed fl smxvd.

2. Sxlljamoszkm2.= Gmjvdxlz fl XklzbdAm Sxlljamoszkm lz oz sxdhmhal ln amz smjklnvlz jdn adz zkb|klnvlz mnvljlflnvlz (:+5

Lzv flodzvxmfm am kosdxvmnjkm fl am lwma|mjkn fla xklzbd hkdzkjdzdjkma f|xmnvl am sxkolxm jdnz|avm { m

ad amxbd fla jdnvxda sxlnmvma! smxm kflnvkgkjmx smjklnvlz fl mavd xklzbd fl Sxlljamoszkm }|l s|lfln vlnlxwmxkmhalz szkjdabkjmz { zdjkmalz fl xklzbd5 lohmxmudz nd flzlmfdz! mnzklfmf! `|odx flsxlzkwd! vlnzknlodjkdnma { gmavm fl zdsdxvl gmokakmx lnvxl dvxdz (6+.

Dvxdz gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd olnjkdnmfdz ln am akvlxmv|xm zdn (

Sxkokblzvmnvlz mfdalzjlnvlz (1 =7 mdz+.

O|avkblzvmnvlz jdn sxkoksmvlxnkfmf.

O|avkblzvmnvlz jdn mnvljlflnvl fl Sxlljamoszkm.

Mnvljlflnvlz gmokakmxlz fl Sxlljamoszkm! ln amz `lxomnmz d am omfxl.

Odam @kfmvkgdxol.

Lnglxolfmflz z|h{mjlnvlz jdod lnglxolfmflz m|vdkno|nlz! znfxdol fl J|z`knb! fkzg|njkn vkxdk/

flm! gldjxdodjkvdom! nlgxdsmvm! lnvxl dvxmz. Gmxomjdflslnflnjkm.

Sxl@kslxvlnzkn (Wlx Vmham =+

2.8 FkmbnzvkjdLa fkmbnzvkjd fl Sxlljamoszkm flhl `mjlxzl ln vdfm lohmxmumfm }|l sxlzlnvl @kslxvlnzkn Mxvlxkma

flzs|z fl am zlomnm wlknvl fl blzvmjkn { |nd d oz fl adz zkb|klnvlz `maamubdz (=+5


35/201


Sxdvlkn|xkm om{dx d kb|ma m :33 ob ln 86 `dxmz! d om{dx fl :3 ob$fA! ln o|lzvxm mkzamfm ()+. Amsxdvlkn|xkm lzv sxlzlnvl ln am om{dxm fl o|elxlz jdn Sxlljamoszkm slxd s|lfl lzvmx m|zlnvl mn lno|elxlz jdn Ljamoszkm d lnglxolfmf o|avkzkzvokjm zlj|nfmxkm m am Sxlljamoszkm.

Knz|jklnjkm xlnma5 jxlmvknknm samzovkjm om{dx fl =.3= ob$fA Dakb|xkm! bmzvdz |xknmxkdz olndxlz m3.< oa$ib$`dxm+.

Lnglxolfmf @lsvkjm5 m|olnvd fl amz vxmnzmoknmzmz! lskbmzvxmabkm zlwlxm d fdadx ln `ksdjdnfxkd fl/xlj`d. Amz vxmnzmoknmzmz mndxomalz zlxmn5 ZBDV (MZV+ > 28\$A. {$d ZBSV (MAV+ > 60\$A.

Mavlxmjkdnlz Nl|xdabkjmz5 jlgmalm zlwlxm jdn `kslxxlgalpkm! `kslxxlgalpkm! jadn|z! mavlxmjkdnlz wkz|malzslxzkzvlnvlz (lzjdvdomz! wkzkn hdxxdzm! gdvdgdhkm! mom|xdzkz zhkvm d gdzglndz+ d mavlxmjkdnlz ln la lz/vmfd fl jdnjklnjkm.

Mavlxmjkdnlz `lomvdabkjmz! Vxdohdjkvdslnkm5 xlj|lnvdz sam}|lvmxkdz olndxlz fl = 733 \$A d am sxlzlnjkm fl lz}|kzvdjkvdzln la gxdvkz fl zmnbxl slxkgxkjd.

Mavlxmjkdnlz glvd/samjlnvmxkmz5 xlzvxkjjkn fla jxljkoklnvd glvma! hkvd glvma { mhx|sjkd fl samjlnvm. J|ma/}|klx lalolnvd fl am wkbkamnjkm glvma }|l lpsxlzl lzvmfd glvma knzmvkzgmjvdxkd. Vxmumfdz mndxomalz ln amodnkvdxkm glvma! Dakbd`kfxmonkdz! mndxomakfmflz ln la fdssalx! lnvxl dvxdz.

Ln n|lzvxd olfkd lz jdnwlnklnvl jdnzkflxmx adz lflomz smvdabkjdz fl xskfm knzvm|xmjkn jdngkxomfdzsdx bmnmnjkmz sdnflxmalz mndxomalz (bmnmnjkm fl slzd omvlxnd om{dx m 033 bx$zlomnm+ jdod |n gmj/vdx fl xklzbd smxm am lnvkfmf (


36/201

6=Mvlnjkn vxmzvdxndz `kslxvlnzkwdz fla lohmxmud

`. Jdnvxda lzvxkjvd fl a}|kfdz mfoknkzvxmfdz / a}|kfdz lakoknmfdz (AM$AL+9 { zkbndz wkvmalz `dxmxkd f|xmnvlam mfoknkzvxmjkn fl Z|agmvd fl Ombnlzkd.

k. Mnvk`kslxvlnzkwdz knfkjmfdz f|xmnvl la lohmxmud zk amz jkgxmz vlnzkdnmalz a|lbd fl |nm `dxm fl omnledknkjkma! slxzkzvl >=73$=33! d |nm SMO om{dx m =3< oo@b mz (=8!=:!=6!87!:8!::+5 (NL =m! M+

Amhlvmada fdzkz fl jmxbm 83 ob KW! zlb|kx jdn hdadz fl 83 ob `mzvm jdosalvmx 03 ob KW j$=3 okn!zlbn xlzs|lzvm d kng|zkn = m 8 ob$okn! opkod :33 ob ln 86 `dxmz (NL =m! M+.

Nkglfksknm5 =3 ob wm dxma { xlslvkx jmfm 83 okn! `mzvm jdosalvmx 73 ob { a|lbd =3/83 ob j$7 `. wmdxma. Fdzkz opkom fl =83 ob ln 86 `dxmz (NL =m! M+.

Nkvxds|zkmvd fl Zdfkd5 smxm lnjlgmadsmvm `kslxvlnzkwm {$d nd xlzs|lzvm ma vxmvmoklnvd sxlwkd. Fdzkzfl 3.8< ojb $ib$okn `mzvm |n opkod fl < ojb$ib$okn. Sxljm|jkn5 lnwlnlnmoklnvd jdn jkmn|xd {vkdjkmnmvdz.

Sxmudzkn5 3.


37/201


vxmnzmoknmzmz! jxlmvknknm { slxgka hkdgzkjd. Jdnvxda zlomnma fl sxdvlkn|xkm ln 86 dxmz! vxmnzmoknmzmz! j|m/fxd lovkjd! jxlmvknknm! jkfd xkjd! ljdbxmgm! fdssalx glvdsamjlnvmxkd { sx|lhmz fl hklnlzvmx glvma! zlbnlfmf blzvmjkdnma. Mnvl am sxlzlnjkm fl mavlxmjkn ln mab|nm fl amz sx|lhmz mnvlxkdxlz zl zdakjkvmx5 hkakxx|hk/nmz! AF@! gxdvkz fl zmnbxl slxkgxkjd { vklosdz fl jdmb|amjkn. Zl xljdoklnfm knkjkmx sxdgkampkz mnvklohakjmjdn `lsmxknm fl hmed slzd odalj|amx d `lsmxknm nd gxmjjkdnmfm (=!8+.

2.6 LjamoszkmZl flhl knkjkmx omnled { xlokvkx m |nm knzvkv|jkn fl KKK Nkwla. Omnled (=7!=2+5

@dzskvmakumjkn.

Omnled fl wm mxlm.

Dpblnd sdx jn|am nmzma d ozjmxm gmjkma.

Xlsdzd mhzda|vd.

Lwkvmx lzvo|adz lpvlxndz.

Z|zslnflx am wm dxma.

Mzlb|xmx |n h|ln mjjlzd wlndzd (Jmvvlx =7+.

Zdnfm wlzkjma smxm jdnvxda fl fk|xlzkz.

Odnkvdxkumx smjklnvl { glvd.

Flgknkx wm fla smxvd { flzlohmxmumx zkn kosdxvmx am lfmf blzvmjkdnma5

m. Wm wmbknma5 ln |n samud opkod fl 7 `dxmz! zk amz jdnfkjkdnlz omvlxnd glvmalz ad slxokvln.

h. Jlzxlm5 zlbn knfkjmjkn dhzvvxkjm (Ln fdz `dxmz+! flvlxkdxd omvlxnd glvma. Nd sxdpkokfmf fl smxvdwmbknma.

Knkjkmx Lz}|lom U|zsmn Z|agmvd fl Ombnlzkd5Fdzkz knkjkma5 7 b KW ln 83 okn|vdz! omnvlnkoklnvd5 = b$` mzvm jdosalvmx 86 M 60 dxmz zkn jdosxdokzdnl|xdabkjd. (NL =h! M+ (8;+

Zk nd `m{ jdnvxda fl am jdnw|azkn! mzlb|xmx wm mlxlm { mfoknkzvxmx |n zlb|nfd hdad fl Z|agmvd flOmbnlzkd5 8 b KW ln 83 okn|vdz { mfoknkzvxmx fdzkz fl omnvlnkoklnvd fl 8 b $ `. Zk sxlzlnvm |nm vlx/jlxm jdnw|azkn mfkjkdnmx Glnkvdnm (Lz}|lom fl X{mn+5 fdzkz =3 / =< ob$ib$ hdad ln zda|jkn zmaknm

zkn zdhxlsmzmx


38/201

6:Mvlnjkn vxmzvdxndz `kslxvlnzkwdz fla lohmxmud

o|{ kosdxvmnvl sdx la slxdfd vxmnzkvdxkd fl msnlm omvlxnm. La glvd flhl zlx xlmnkomfd! sxlglxkhalolnvl!kn vlxd.

La odolnvd kflma smxm vlxoknmx la lohmxmud lz sdzvlxkdx m am xlj|slxmjkn fla lzvmfd fl jdnjklnjkm om/vlxnd { am lzvmhkakumjkn fl amz jkgxmz fl vlnzkn mxvlxkma.

Gxlnvl m adz jmzdz fl jdosxdokzd nl|xdabkjd slxzkzvlnvl { sxdbxlzkwd! sxdhmhalolnvl zlm nljlzmxkm ammfoknkzvxmjkn jdmf{|wmnvl fl |n zlb|nfd mnvkjdnw|azkwmnvl jdod Fkglnka`kfmnvdnm. Ln la lzvmv|z jdnw|a/zkwd ljaosvkjd! am smjklnvl flhl zlx omnlemfm ln \nkfmf fl J|kfmfd Knvlnzkwd! \JK (=7!=2+.

2.6.8 Wmadxmjkn omvlxnm (jmfm `dxm+ @dem nl|xdabkjm Lzjmam fl Bamzbdr.

Vlnzkn mxvlxkma.

Gxlj|lnjkm xlzskxmvdxkm.

Xlgaledz (Smvlamx+.

Jdnvxda lzvxkjvd fl a}|kfdz mfoknkzvxmfdz { lakoknmfdz.

Zl xljdoklnfm lzv|fkd fl nl|xdkobln olfkmnvl xlzdnmnjkm n|jalmx ombnvkjm smxm flzjmxvmx vxdo/hdzkz fl zlndz z|hf|xmalz! mjjkflnvlz jlxlhxd wmzj|amxlz! kz}|okjdz d `lodxxbkjdz d am sxlzlnjkm fllflom jlxlhxma ln vdfmz amz smjklnvlz }|l nd vklnln |nm lwda|jkn nl|xdabkjm zmvkzgmjvdxkm! sxlzlnvmn amjdnw|azkn flzs|z fl 60 `dxmz sdzvsmxvd! jmzdz fl Ljamoszkm Mvskjm d Jdosakjmfm (=

2.< Znfxdol @laas (8:+Jmxmjvlxkumfd sdx adz zkb|klnvlz `maamubdz

@loakzkz

v Mndxomakfmflz ln la gxdvkz fl zmnbxl slxkgxkjm5 lz}|kzvdjkvdz.

v Hkakxx|hknm vdvma > =!8 ob $fA.

v Flz`kfxdblnmzm ajvkjm > 733 \$A.

Lalwmjkn fl amz lnukomz `lsvkjmz

v Amz vxmnzmoknmzmz ZBDV (MZV+ > 28\$A. {$d ZBSV (MAV+ > 60\$A

Vxdohdjkvdslnkm

v 1 =


39/201


Flzlohmxmumx |nm wlu lzvmhkakumfm am smjklnvl! zkn kosdxvmx am lfmf blzvmjkdnma. Am wm fla smxvd zl fl/vlxoknmx zlbn knfkjmjkn dhzvvxkjm.

Amz smjklnvlz jdn Sxlljamoszkm / Ljamoszkm molxkvmn xlzlxwm fl sdx ad olndz 8 |nkfmflz fl zmnbxlvdvma d bah|adz xdedz losm}|lvmfdz { flxkwmfdz zmnb|nldz (8+. Zdzslj mx am sxlzlnjkm fl |nm jdmb|/adsmvm flzjdoslnzmfm ln vdfm smjklnvl jdn Znfxdol @laas jdn omnkglzvmjkdnlz `lodxxmbsmxmz. Lnlzvdz jmzdz sxdhmhalolnvl zl molxkvm am jdxxljjkn jdn samzom gxlzjd.

0. Omnled sdzvsmxvdLzvmz smjklnvlz molxkvmn |nm wkbkamnjkm lzvxlj`m f|xmnvl amz sxkolxmz 60 m 28 `dxmz sdzvsmxvd d sdzvjl/

zxlm ln smjklnvl zkn jdosakjmjkdnlz. Am smjklnvl jdn jdosakjmjkdnlz flhl omnlemxzl `mzvm jdnvxdamx amgmaam d fkzg|njkn dxbnkjm. Zl flhl jdnvxdamx moh|amvdxkmolnvl! lnvxl la }|knvd ma zsvkod fm sdzvsmxvd dsdzv jlzxlm.

Lzvl slxdfd lz jxvkjd sdx am msmxkjkn gxlj|lnvl fl jdosakjmjkdnlz vmalz jdod Lflom S|aodnmx! Ljamos/zkm S|lxslxma { Zlszkz. Flhl wkbkamxzl am xlfkzvxkh|jkn fl a}|kfdz! }|l zl omnkgklzvm sdx |nm gmzl fl sdak|xkmmj|dzm! jdn fkzokn|jkn sxdbxlzkwm fl adz lflomz smvdabkjdz.

Amz jkgxmz fl vlnzkn mxvlxkma slxomnljln lalwmfmz f|xmnvl amz sxkolxmz zlkz zlomnmz { flhln jdnvxdamx/zl lzvxlj`molnvl! me|zvmnfd slxkfkjmolnvl am fdzkz fl adz olfkjmolnvdz. Ln smjklnvlz jdn sxdvlkn|xkmzlwlxm! flhl oledxmx dzvlnzkhalolnvl f|xmnvl amz sxkolxmz j|mvxd zlomnmz9 j|mnfd lzvd nd dj|xxl sxdhm/halolnvl lpkzvm |nm Nlgxdsmvm Mzdjkmfm.

Adz smxmjankjdz blnlxmaolnvl zl ndxomakumn ln 28 dxmz. Lz kosdxvmnvl xljdxfmx }|l amz sam}|lvmz fkzok/n|{ln mzvm ln


40/201

6


41/201


Vmham 6. Slxgka Hkdgzkjd Glvma

Vmham < Nkwlalz fl lwkflnjkm { bxmfdz fl xljdolnfmjkn

(Jamzkgkjmjkn fl Dpgdxf+ (:6+


42/201

62Mvlnjkn vxmzvdxndz `kslxvlnzkwdz fla lohmxmud

Ga|edbxmom fkmbnzvkjd sxlljamoszkm


43/201


Ga|edbxmom omnled sxlljamoszkm


44/201

6;Mvlnjkn vxmzvdxndz `kslxvlnzkwdz fla lohmxmud

Hkhakdbxmgm

=. Hxdrn OM! @mb|l RO! @kbbknz E! lv ma. V`l flvljvkdn! knwlzvkbmvkdn mnf omnmblolnv dg `{slxvlnzkdn knsxlbnmnj{5 lplj|vkwl z|oomx{. M|zv N U E Dhzvlv B{nmljda 83339 635=::/0.

8. Ombll A! @lalrm O! Od|v}|kn EO. Fkmbndzkz! Lwma|mvkdn! mnf Omnmblolnv dg v`l @{slxvlnzkwl Fkzdxflxz

dg Sxlbnmnj{. Ed|xnma dg Dhzvlvxkjz mnf B{nmljdadb{ Jmnmfm 83309 :3(:+5 Z=/Z60.

:. Jdnfl/Mb|flad M! Hlaakumn EO. Xkzi gmjvdx gdx Sxlljamoszkm kn m amxbl jd`dxv dg Amvkn Molxkjmn mnf Jm/xkhhlmn rdoln. HEDB 83339 =325 2


45/201


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54/201


Hkhakdbxmgm

=. OKVVMA! S { Jdaz. \xknmx{ Vxmjv Kngljvkdnz kn Sxlbnmnj{. Jaknkjz kn Slxknmvdadb{. 833


55/201


56/201

7:

=. Knvxdf|jjknAm Wmbkndzkz Hmjvlxkmnm lz am jm|zm oz gxlj|lnvl fl Al|jdxxlm! 63 m


57/201


7. VxmvmoklnvdZl `m lnjdnvxmfd lwkflnjkm fl xlf|jjkn fla xklzbd fl smxvd sxl vxoknd j|mnfd zl vxmvm Wmbkndzkz Hmj/

vlxkmnm mnvlz fl am zlomnm 83 fl blzvmjkn (DX 3.28! ;


58/201


59/201


Hkhakdbxmgm

=. N[KXELZ[! Sm|a. W|awdwmbknma Jmnfkfkmzkz mnf Hmjvlxkma Wmbkndzkz. Kngljv Fkz Jakn N Mo! 88 (8330+ 7:27


60/201


61/201

7;


62/201



63/201

2=Mvlnjkn smxvd sxlvxoknd

0.: Gkhxdnljvknm Glvma (GNG+Lz |nm bakjdsxdvlnm lnjdnvxmfm ln mavmz jdnjlnvxmjkdnlz ln amz zljxljkdnlz jlxwkjdwmbknmalz mnvlz fla

vxoknd! sxdhmhalolnvl jdod xlz|avmfd fl am zlsmxmjkn fl amz olohxmnmz glvmalz fl am fljkf|m. Ln lasmxvd sxlvxoknd z| msmxkjkn zl s|lfl sxlzlnvmx sdx |n sxdjlzd smvdabkjd }|l xlz|avm fl am fkzx|sjknfl am |nkn jdxkdfljkf|ma akhlxmnfd olfkmfdxlz { sxdf|jvdz kngamomvdxkdz. Ln o|elxlz mzknvdovkjmz am GNG!ln smjklnvlz fl mavd xklzbd smxm smxvd sxlvxoknd (SSV+ hmzmfd ln adz mnvljlflnvlz { jmohkdz jlxwkjmalz!lz |n h|ln sxlfkjvdx fl smxvd mnvlz fl am zlomnm :3.

Ln o|elxlz zknvdovkjmz la wmadx fl GNG vklnl |n wmadx jankjd lzvmhaljkfd. La wmadx sxlfkjvkwd nlbmvkwd lz

maxlflfdx fl ;;, ln dj|xxlnjkm fl smxvd ln adz zklvl fmz zkb|klnvlz jdn |n wmadx sxlfkjvkwd sdzkvkwd fl83,! la wmadx fl xlglxlnjkm lz olndx fl ndx fl 63 ikadz d KOJ Sxlbxmwfkjd olndx fl =0! mnmagmhlvkzod! `hkvd fl g|omx! gxomjd/flslnflnjkm!mndomamz vlxd jlxwkjmalz! kngljjkdnlz jlxwkjdwmbknmalz! kngljjkn |xknmxkm! Fkmhlvlz! @kslxvlnzkn MxvlxkmaJxnkjm! mnvljlflnvlz fl mhdxvd! smxvdz sxlomv|xdz! m|zlnjkm {$d knmflj|mfd jdnvxda sxlnmvma.

Gmjvdxlz Glvmalz5 omagdxomjkdnlz jdnbnkvmz! xlzvxkjjkn fla jxljkoklnvd knvxm|vlxknd! mnvljlflnvl fl sx/fkfm glvma.

Gmjvdxlz Dw|amxlz5 lohmxmud oavksal! Sdak`kfxmonkdz! Dakbdmonkdz! Jdxkdmonkdnkvkz! flgljvdz fl kosamn/vmjkn (Samjlnvm sxlwkm+! mhx|svkd fl samjlnvm! odxgdabkjdz (Samjlnvm jkxj|nwmamfm+! @lomnbkdomz! knzlx/jkn omxbknma fla jdxfn |ohkakjma.

Adz vxlz oledxlz sxlfkjvdxlz fl SSV zdn5 jlxwkjdolvxm olndx fl 8< oo (XX 7!


64/201


Bmxfnlxlaam Wmbknmakz! Slsvdlzvxlsvdjdjj|z! Hmjvlxdkflz Zsljklz! J`amo{fkm Vxmj`domvkz { Lzvxlsvdjdjdfla bx|sd H.

Amz kngljjkdnlz lpvxm|vlxknmz omvlxnmz lzvn sxlzlnvlz ln la < m =3, fl adz SSV! lzsljkmaolnvl Kngljjknfl Wmz \xknmxkmz (KW\+ { am lnglxolfmf slxkdfdnvma.

Ln lzvm B|m zl lpja|{l la smxvd sxlvxoknd sdx knfkjmjkn ofkjm.

==. Gkzkdsmvdadbm

=8. Omnled @dzskvmakumx! kfxmvmjkn { xlsdzd ln jmom. Zdakjkvmx ljdbxmgm! odnkvdxm glvma zk nd zl m xlmakumfd! j|mfxd

`lovkjd! Sxdvlnm J Xlmjvkwm (SJX+! smxjkma fl dxknm! |xdj|avkwd { gxdvkz fl ga|ed wmbknma9 wlxkgkjmx lpol/nlz fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma { jdosalolnvmx adz nljlzmxkdz.

Knf|jkx am omf|xlu s|aodnmx glvma m smxvkx fl am zlomnm 87 fl blzvmjkn `mzvm am zlomnm :6! mfoknkzvxmx=8 ob fl Hlvmolvmzdnm K.O. { xlslvkx m amz 86 `xz. Zl xljdoklnfm omf|xmjkn s|aodnmx lnvxl zlomnm87 { :6. (=m!M+ (8+

Vxmvmx amz kngljjkdnlz flvljvmfmz

Knkjkmx vlxd kn`khkjkn ln jmzd fl }|l nd lpkzvm jdnvxmknfkjmjkn jdod5 Jdxkdmonkdnkvkz! knz|gkjklnjkm sam/jlnvmxkm! o|lxvl glvma! jmxfkdsmvm omvlxnm! vxmzvdxndz kslxvlnzkwdz ln la lohmxmud! x|sv|xm sxlomv|xm flolohxmnmz! `kslxvkxdkfkzod! fkmhlvlz oma jdnvxdamfm! omagdxomjkdnlz glvmalz knjdosmvkhalz jdn am wkfm!mhx|svkd fl samjlnvm { samjlnvm sxlwkm zmnbxmnvl! omf|xlu glvma! z|gxkoklnvd glvma mb|fd! knlzvmhkakfmf`lodfknokjm! vxmhmed fl smxvd mwmnumfd.

=8.= vlxd kn`khkjknAdz olfkjmolnvdz fl laljjkn smxm knkjkmx vlxd kn`khkjkn zdn5


65/201

2:Mvlnjkn smxvd sxlvxoknd

=8.=.= Had}|lmfdxlz fl adz jmnmalz fl Jmajkd (Sxkolxm laljjkn+

Oljmnkzod fl mjjkn

Kn`khln la knbxlzd fla kn jmajkd m vxmwz fl am olohxmnm fl am ja|am o|zj|amx { fkokn|{ln am xlzkzvlnjkmwmzj|amx |vlxknm. La jmajkd knvxmjla|amx fkzokn|kfd vmohkn jm|zm fljxlolnvd fl am mjvkwkfmf okdolvxkma.

Ln |nm xlwkzkn fl =8 lnzm{dz jdnvxdamfdz knwda|jxmnfd m =38; o|elxlz jdn knkjkd fl vxmhmed fl smxvdlnvxl zlomnm 83 :7 zl lnjdnvx }|l adz had}|lmfdxlz fl jmajkd xlf|jln la nolxd fl smxvdz sxlvxokndflnvxd fl adz 2 fmz sdzvlxkdxlz ma knkjkd fla vxmvmoklnvd (XX 3.279 ;


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oz fl 60 `dxmz. Mavlxmjkn ln am g|njkn xlnma. Lflom S|aodnmx. Lpmjlxhmjkdnlz fl @kslxvlnzkn lnSxlljamoszkm ma smxljlx sdx kn`khkjkn fl am sxdzvmjkjaknm.

Glvmalz5 s|lfl knf|jkx mavlxmjkn ln am g|njkn fl nl|vxgkadz { sam}|lvmz! { mavlxmjkn ln am lodfknmokmfl mxvlxkmz olzlnvxkjmz! jlxlhxmalz { xlnmalz! sxdf|jklnfd zlszkz! `lodxxmbkm knvxmjxmnlma! mavlxmjknxlnma { lnvlxdjdakvkz! zl xlamjkdnm! mfloz! jdn kslxhkakxx|hknlokm nldnmvma. Zl xlamjkdnm jdn jdnzvxkjjknf|jvma! ln msxdpkomfmolnvl


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2


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knja|{ fdz lzv|fkdz zl dhzlxw xlf|jjkn fl am gxlj|lnjkm fl hmed slzd fla nmjkfd! olndx fl 8


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22Mvlnjkn smxvd sxlvxoknd

Ga|edbxmom Omnled smxvd sxlvxoknd


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Nkwlalz fl lwkflnjkm { bxmfdz fl xljdolnfmjkn(Jamzkgkjmjkn fl Dpgdxf+ (==.+


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2;Mvlnjkn smxvd sxlvxoknd

Hkhakdbxmgm

=. Wmalxkl Zokv`! Fljamn Flwmnl! Jljka{ O. Hlbal{! Okil Jamxil! Z mnl @kbbknz M z{zvlomvkj xlwklr mnf }|makv{mzzlzzolnv dg z{zvlomvkj xlwklrz dg glvma gkhxdnljvkn mnf vxmnzwmbknma alnbv` gdx sxlfkjvknb sxlvlxo hkxv`L|xdslmn Ed|xnma dg Dhzvlvxkjz ' B{nljdadb{ mnf Xlsxdf|jvkwl Hkdadb{! Wda|ol =::! Kzz|l 8! M|b|zv 8332!Smblz =:6/=68.

8. Xdhlxvz F! Fmaukla Z. Mnvlnmvma jdxvkjdzvlxdkfz gdx mjjlalxmvknb glvma a|nb omv|xmvkdn gdx rdoln mv xkzidg sxlvlxo hkxv`. Jdj`xmnl Fmvmhmzl dg Z{zvlomvkj Xlwklrz 8337! Kzz|l :. Mxv. Nd.5 JF3366

;. Gmxknl F! Fdff E! Hmzzd O! Flakzal OG! Gmxknl F! Bxmhdrzim I! @|fdn A! Olnvkjdbad| ZO! O|nfal RX!O|xs`{/Im|ahlji AJ! D|laalv M! Sxlzzl{ V! Xdbblnzmji M! Omvlxnma Glvma Olfkjknl Jdookvvll! Zdjklv{ dgDhzvlvxkjkmnz mnf B{nmljdadbkzvz dg Jmnmfm. V`l |zl dg sxdblzvlxdnl gdx sxlwlnvkdn dg sxlvlxo hkxv`. EDhzvlv B{nmljda Jmn 8330 Emn9:3(=+572/2=.

=3. Fd{al AR! Jxdrv`lx JM! Okffalvdn S! Omxxlv Z! Xd|zl F. Ombnlzk|o z|as`mvl gdx rdoln mv xkzi dg sxlvlxohkxv` gdx nl|xdsxdvljvkdn dg v`l glv|z. Jdj`xmnl Fmvmhmzl dg Z{zvlomvkj Xlwklrz 833;! Kzz|l =. Mxv. Nd.5JF33677=. FDK5=3.=338$=67


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7. Omnled Zgkakz

{ lohmxmud

=. Flnkjkn

=.=. Zgkakz omvlxnmVdfm o|elx lohmxmumfm! s|xslxm d jdn mhdxvd xljklnvl jdn lwkflnjkm jankjm! ajlxm blnkvma d alzkdnlz

jdosmvkhalz jdn Zgkakz zlj|nfmxkm9 {$d sx|lhm vxlsdnokjm! knja|fmz sx|lhmz vxlsdnokjmz xskfmz! d ndvxlsdnokjm sdzkvkwm d xlmjvkwm! }|l nd `m xljkhkfd vxmvmoklnvd mflj|mfd smxm Zgkakz f|xmnvl am sxlzlnvlblzvmjkn.=

Jmzd jdngkxomfd fl Zgkakz blzvmjkdnma

Vdfm o|elx blzvmnvl! s|xslxm d jdn mhdxvd xljklnvl! jdn sx|lhm nd vxlsdnokjm (WFXA d XSX+ xlmjvkwmom{dx d kb|ma m =50 fka|jkdnlz d ln olndx fka|jkn (3! =58 =56+ jdn sx|lhm vxlsdnokjm (GVM/mhz d VS@M+sdzkvkwm.

Zgkakz jdnbnkvmSdflodz flgknkxam fl amz zkb|klnvlz omnlxmz5

=.=.=. Vdfd nkd! mhdxvd d odxvknmvd j|{m omfxl vklnl lwkflnjkm jankjm (ajlxm blnkvma d alzkdnlz jdosm/vkhalz jdn Zgkakz zlj|nfmxkm+ d jdn sx|lhm vxlsdnokjm (knja|kfmz sx|lhmz vxlsdnokjmz xskfmz+d nd vxlsdnokjm sdzkvkwm d xlmjvkwm f|xmnvl am blzvmjkn! smxvd d s|lxslxkd! }|l nd `m{m zkfdvxmvmfm d `m{m zkfd vxmvmfm knmflj|mfmolnvl.=

=.=.8. Vdfd nldnmvd jdn vv|adz fl XSX$WFXA j|mvxd wljlz om{dx }|l adz vv|adz fl am omfxl d ad }|ll}|kwmal m |n jmohkd ln fdz fka|jkdnlz d oz fl adz vv|adz omvlxndz.=

=.=.:. Vdfd nkd jdn |nm d wmxkmz omnkglzvmjkdnlz jankjmz z|blzvkwmz fl Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm ma lpmoln gzk/jd {$d lwkflnjkm xmfkdbxgkjm fl Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm {$d xlz|avmfd xlmjvkwd fl |nm sx|lhm vxlsdnokjmd nd vxlsdnokjm.=

=.=.6. Vdfd sxdf|jvd fl am blzvmjkn jdn flodzvxmjkn fl V. Smaakf|osdx jmosd dzj|xd! kno|ndga|d/xlzjlnjkm dvxm jdadxmjkn d sxdjlfkoklnvd lzsljgkjd! ln alzkdnlz! samjlnvm! jdxfn |ohkakjma domvlxkma fl m|vdszkm.=

8. Lskflokdadbkm

8.=. M nkwla o|nfkmaAmz Kngljjkdnlz fl Vxmnzokzkn Zlp|ma! KVZ! zl lnj|lnvxmn lnvxl amz sxknjksmalz jm|zmz fl lnglxolfmf lnla o|nfd! jdn jdnzlj|lnjkmz ljdnokjmz! zdjkmalz { zmnkvmxkmz fl bxmn xlslxj|zkn ln o|j`dz smzlz.Amz jdosakjmjkdnlz mgljvmn sxknjksmaolnvl m o|elxlz { nkdz. Ln la jmzd fl am Zgkakz! zvm s|lfl mgljvmxm am o|elx blzvmnvl { vxmnzokvkxzl ma glvd. Zl lzvkom }|l fdz vlxjlxmz smxvlz fl amz blzvmjkdnlz xlz|avmn lnZgkakz Jdnbnkvm d mhdxvd lzsdnvnld! jdosakjmjkdnlz }|l sdfxmn zlx vdvmaolnvl sxlwlnkhalz jdn vljnd/adbmz mzl}|khalz { fl hmed jdzvd.8

Lnvxl adz gmjvdxlz }|l jdnvxkh|{ln m am slxzkzvlnjkm fl am Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm lzvn am gmavm fl slxjlsjkn flmab|ndz sxdwllfdxlz fl zma|f fl }|l am Zgkakz omvlxnm { am jdnbnkvm s|lfln vlnlx jdnzlj|lnjkmz bxmwlz!


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amz hmxxlxmz ma mjjlzd m adz zlxwkjkdz fl jdnvxda sxlnmvma! { la lzvkbom { am fkzjxkoknmjkn xlamjkdnmfdz jdnamz kngljjkdnlz fl vxmnzokzkn zlp|ma.8

Ln Lzvmfdz \nkfdz ln la 8336 zlbn adz fmvdz dhvlnkfdz fl am wkbkamnjkm! am vmzm fl am Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm!ZJ! m fkzokn|fd lnvxl vdfmz amz sdhamjkdnlz vnkjmz okndxkvmxkmz { ln vdfmz amz xlbkdnlz fla smz lpjlsvdla Ndxlzvl. Ln la 8336 am vmzm fl ZJ g|l fl 0!0 jmzdz sdx =33!333 nmjkfdz wkwdz { la nolxd fl jmzdzxlsdxvmfdz g|l 6

Ln la jmzd fl am knjkflnjkm fl Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm adz mhdxvdz { adz nmjkfdz o|lxvdz nd zl knja|{ln ln jmzknknbn smz. Sdx ad vmnvd! nd zl jdndjl am wlxfmflxm ombnkv|f fla sxdhalom.8

Zl jmaj|am }|l ln MAJ! ::3.333 o|elxlz blzvmnvlz }|l vklnln |nm sx|lhm sdzkvkwm smxm Zgkakz nd xljkhlnvxmvmoklnvd f|xmnvl la jdnvxda sxlnmvma. M|n}|l la lzvmfd fl am lnglxolfmf lz |n gmjvdx flvlxoknmnvl! zllzvkom }|l fl zvmz blzvmjkdnlz nmjln ==3.333 nkdz jdn Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm { |n nolxd zkokamx xlz|avm lnmhdxvd lzsdnvnld.8


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0J`dj! B|mknm! @|kam! Ombfmalnm! Olvm! Nmxkd! Ndxvl fl Zmnvmnflx! S|v|om{d! ]|knfd! Z|jxl { Wmaal. Amknjkflnjkm fl Zgkakz Blzvmjkdnma g|l fl 8!=8 sdx =.333 blzvmnvlz lzslxmfmz ln la md.8

:. J|mfxd jankjdAm Zgkakz lz |nm lnglxolfmf kngljvd jdnvmbkdzm! zkzvokjm! fl vxmnzokzkn zlp|ma jm|zmfm sdx am lzskxd/

}|lvm aamomfm Vxlsdnlom Smaakf|o! am j|ma slnlvxm ln am skla d o|jdzmz alzkdnmfmz9 zl jmxmjvlxkum jankjm/olnvl sdx |nm alzkn sxkomxkm ln gdxom fl ajlxm knfdadxm l knf|xmfm9 |nm lx|sjkn zlj|nfmxkm }|l mgljvmam skla { amz olohxmnmz o|jdzmz9 amxbdz slxdfdz fl amvlnjkm { alzkdnlz vmxfmz ln am skla! adz `|lzdz! amzwzjlxmz! la zkzvlom nlxwkdzd jlnvxma { la jmxfkdwmzj|amx.

:.=. Lvmsmz

:.=.=. Zgkakz SxkomxkmLn lzvm lvmsm msmxljln ajlxmz aamomfmz j`mnjxdz! |z|maolnvl |nkvmxkdz m|n}|l s|lfln zlx oavksalz!

la vklosd }|l vxmnzj|xxl lnvxl am kngljjkn sdx Zgkakz { am msmxkjkn fla sxkolx znvdom s|lfl wmxkmx fl =3 m;3 fmz (jdn |n sxdolfkd fl 8= fmz+! ajlxmz knfdadxmz ln adz blnkvmalz! xljvd d hdjm! l kngamomjkn flbmnbakdz akngvkjdz ln la xlm mf{mjlnvl m zvdz. Lz sdzkhal }|l mab|nmz slxzdnmz nd zl slxjmvln fl adzj`mnjxdz nk vlnbmn znvdomz mzdjkmfdz jdn adz okzodz! ln lzsljkma zk adz j`mnjxdz lzvn |hkjmfdz ln laxljvd d la jxwkp. Fkj`mz alzkdnlz z|laln flzmsmxljlx ln |n slxdfd fl 6 m 7 zlomnmz. Msxdpkomfmolnvl|n vlxjkd fl amz slxzdnmz nd vxmvmfmz sxdbxlzmn m am zlb|nfm lvmsm fl am lnglxolfmf.8

:.=.8. Zgkakz Zlj|nfmxkm

Z|lal sxlzlnvmxzl fl fdz m dj`d zlomnmz flzs|z fl am msmxkjkn fl amz sxkolxmz alzkdnlz }|l ln |n8


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sdzkvkwmz smxm Zgkakz. Ln am om{dxm fl adz smjklnvlz lz fkgjka flgknkx la vklosd fl lwda|jkn fl am kngljjkn$lnglxolfmf sdx ad j|ma zl jdnzkflxm Zgkakz Amvlnvl knflvlxoknmfm d fl f|xmjkn flzjdndjkfm.8

:.=.6. Zgkakz Vlxjkmxkm

Lz am lvmsm gknma! }|l zkb|l m am kngljjkn knkjkma flzs|z fl vxlz m wlknvl mdz! zk nd g|l vxmvmfm! { zljmxmjvlxkum sdx alzkdnmx adz xbmndz knvlxndz jdosxdolvklnfd la zkzvlom nlxwkdzd jlnvxma (Nl|xdzgkakz+! jmx/fkdwmzj|amx jdn kngamomjkn fl am mdxvm! Mdxvkvkz d Mnl|xkzomz9 { Zgkakz Bdodzm! alzkdnlz flzvx|jvkwmz fl amskla { adz `|lzdz! sxdwdjmnfd znvdomz! zlbn am adjmakumjkn fl am alzkn! lzvm lz am xmun sdx am j|ma zl

jdndjk jdod am bxmn zko|amfdxm. Lzvmz alzkdnlz s|lfln zlx ad z|gkjklnvlolnvl bxmwlz jdod smxm sxdf|jkxam o|lxvl.8

:.8. Nl|xdzgkakzMjv|maolnvl nd zl jdnzkflxm jdod smxvl fl am Zgkakz Vlxjkmxkm! zknd jdod |nm omnkglzvmjkn sxlzlnvl ln

j|ma}|klx lzvmfkd fl am lnglxolfmf! sdx ad }|l zl jamzkgkjm ln Nl|xdzgkakz Mb|fm { Vmxfm (jxnkjm+. Lzvmavkom lz |nm kngljjkn sxdbxlzkwm alnvm { flzvx|jvkwm fla ZNJ }|l zl sxlzlnvm j|mnfd am Zgkakz nd `m zkfdvxmvmfm! mdz flzs|z fl am kngljjkn sxkomxkm. Adz znvdomz zdn fdadx fl jmhlum! j|laad xbkfd! kxxkvmhkakfmf!jdng|zkn olnvma! flsxlzkn! vxmzvdxndz wkz|malz! xlgaledz mndxomalz! knjdnvknlnjkm! flolnjkm! flhkakfmf!mfdxoljkoklnvd fl amz lpvxlokfmflz knglxkdxlz! jdnvxmjjkdnlz { mvxdgkm o|zj|amx. Am Nl|xdzgkakz dj|xxl ln=


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02Omnled Zgakz { lohmxmud

Vmham =

6. FkmbnzvkjdFlnvxd fl amz sx|lhmz fkmbnzvkjmz amz sdflodz jamzkgkjmx mz5

6.=. Ovdfdz

6.8. Ovdfdz Fkxljvdz

Lnjdnvxmodz la FGMV/ VS! d sx|lhm fkxljvm fl mnvkj|lxsd ga|dxlzjlnvl jdnvxm V. Smaakf|o! }|l zl |vkakumsmxm am kflnvkgkjmjkn fla V. Smaakf|o d |vkakumn mnvkj|lxsdz odndjadnmalz d sdakjadnmalz fkxkbkfdz jdnvxm zvl.Zdn ovdfdz fkmbnzvkjdz flgknkvkwdz smxm Zgkakz Vlosxmnm! lzsljkmaolnvl. Nd zdn fkzsdnkhalz gjkaolnvlsdx jdzvdz { jdosalekfmf.:

6.:. Sx|lhmz nd vxlsdnokjmzLa mnvblnd |vkakumfd ln amz Sx|lhmz fl Rmzzlxomn smxm Zgkakz g|l lpvxmfd fla `bmfd fl |n xljkn nmjkfd

}|kln o|xk sdx Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm! fdnfl vklosd flzs|z m lzvdz mnvblndz zl alz mfkjkdn jmxfkdaksknm!jdalzvlxda { aljkvknm knjxlolnvmnfd am zlnzkhkakfmf. Jdn adz mwmnjlz m vxmwz fla vklosd zl oledxmxdn amzsx|lhmz jdod am s|xkgkjmjkn fl adz mnvblndz! amz sx|lhmz fl okjxdgadj|amjkn flnvxd fl amz }|l lnjdn/vxmodz5 WFXA (Wlnlxlma Fkzlmzl Xlzlmxj` Amhdxmvdx{+! \ZX (\n`lmvlf Zlx|o Xlmbkn+ { la XSX (XmskfSamzom Xlmbkn+ }|l zdn vkalz smxm fkmbndzvkjmx Zgkakz Vlosxmnm { Vmxfm. : Lzvmz sx|lhmz zl lnjmxbmn fl

olfkx adz mnvkj|lxsdz jdnvxm KbO { fl am KbB.

La WFXA zl vdxnm sdzkvkwd m amz vxlz d jknjd zlomnmz fla jdnvmjvd! slxd s|lfl flodxmxzl `mzvm vxlz ol/zlz smxm `mjlxad. Adz vv|adz wmn m|olnvmnfd `mzvm am gmzl zlj|nfmxkm j|mnfd vklnln la skjd { a|lbd wmnfkzokn|{lnfd bxmf|maolnvl m |n nkwla lzvmhal! d `mzvm zlx nlbmvkwmz mn zkn vxmvmoklnvd.8

Amz sx|lhmz nd vxlsdnokjmz xlz|avmn nlbmvkwmz jdn la vklosd! flzs|z fla vxmvmoklnvd9 zkn lohmxbd!ln mab|ndz smjklnvlz adz mnvkj|lxsdz nd vxlsdnokjdz s|lfln slxomnljlx jdn |n vv|ad hmed f|xmnvl |namxbd vklosd l knja|zd! f|xmnvl vdfm am wkfm. Am zlxdadbm zlj|lnjkma ln |n smjklnvl flhl zlx xlmakumfm jdn|nm okzom sx|lhm! d WFXA d XSX { sxlglxkhalolnvl sdx la okzod amhdxmvdxkd. La XSX { WFXA zdn ovdfdz


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kb|maolnvl wakfdz! slxd adz xlz|avmfdz j|mnvkvmvkwdz nd s|lfln zlx jdosmxmfdz lnvxl z! sdx}|l adz vv|adzfl XSX zdn zkokamxlz d akblxmolnvl oz mavdz }|l adz fl WFXA.8

Vmnvd la XSX jdod la WFXA zdn h|lndz omxjmfdxlz fl am kngljjkn ln z| gmzl mb|fm { vkalz ln la jdn/vxda fl am xlzs|lzvm ma vxmvmoklnvd ln la smjklnvl jdn kno|nkfmf knvmjvm! m|n}|l zdn sdjd lzsljgkjdz. Amvjnkjm lz zlnjkaam! slxokvln sxdjlzmx bxmn jmnvkfmf fl o|lzvxmz ma okzod vklosd9 la WFXA lz am sx|lhmfl laljjkn smxm la fkmbnzvkjd fl am Nl|xdzgkakz ln o|lzvxmz fl AJX.8

6.6. Sx|lhmz vxlsdnokjmz

Flhkfd m adz gmazdz sdzkvkwdz fl amz sx|lhmz nd vxlsdnokjmz zl kosalolnvmxdn lzvl vksd fl sx|lhmz!flzs|z fl vmnvmz knwlzvkbmjkdnlz zl kosalolnvm am sxkolxm sx|lhm fl mnvkj|lxsdz aamomfm V. Smaakf|oKoodhkakumvkdn Vlzv! VSK! sdx ad }|l jdn la smzmx fla vklosd zl aalb m am jdnja|zkn }|l lzvm sx|lhm lz sdjdlzsljgkjm { zlnzkhal { o|{ jdzvdzm! slxd zl zkb|l |vkakumnfd ln amhdxmvdxkdz fl knwlzvkbmjkn. Flzs|zfl |n vklosd! zl jxl am sx|lhm Ga|dxlzjlnv Vxlsdnloma Mnvkhdf{! GVM { oz mflamnvl zl jxl mabd ozlzsljgkjd }|l al fkd am jmxmjvlxzvkjm fl mhzdxhlnjkm GVM/ Mhz (Ga|dxlzjlnv Vxlsdnloma Mnvkhdf{ Mhzdxs/vkdn+. Dvxmz sx|lhmz zdn am @lomba|vknmjkn VS@M (Vxlsdnlom Smaakf|o @mlombba|vknmvkdn Mzzm{+! O@M/VS(Okjxd`mlombba|vknmvkdn Mzzm{ Gdx Mnvkhdfklz Vd Vxlsdnlom Smaakf|o+.:

La GVM/Mhz lz |nm sx|lhm fl kno|nd ga|dxlzjlnjkm knfkxljvm { lz |nm vjnkjm fl xlglxlnjkm m|n}|l z| kn/vlxsxlvmjkn s|lfl zlx z|helvkwm. Am VS@M lz |nm vjnkjm oz ljdnokjm { gjka fl xlmakumx }|l la GVM/Mhz.Am om{dx wlnvmem fl lzvdz ovdfdz! jdod Lakzm! xmfkjm ln z| jmsmjkfmf fl sxdjlzmx bxmnflz jmnvkfmflzfl o|lzvxmz { ln }|l am aljv|xm lz dhelvkwm! {m }|l lzv m|vdomvkumfm. Am sx|lhm Rlzvlxn/hadv zl |vkakumsmxm m}|laadz jmzdz ln adz }|l la GVM/Mhz lz knflvlxoknmfd { zl nljlzkvm mjamxmx am f|fm.8

Vmham 8

G|lnvl5 rrr.sm`d.dxb$zsmnkz$mf$gj`$ma$lakoknmzkgkakzamj.sfg


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0;Omnled Zgakz { lohmxmud

La vxmvmoklnvd fl am Zgkakz f|xmnvl la sxkolx vxkolzvxl fla lohmxmud xlsxlzlnvm am lzvxmvlbkm jlnvxma smxm amsxlwlnjkn { lakoknmjkn fl am Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm.=

7.=. Vxmvmoklnvd f|xmnvl la lohmxmudLn amz blzvmnvlz jdn sx|lhmz zlxdabkjmz sdzkvkwmz { ln z|(z+ smxlem(z+ zlp|ma (lz+! am f|xmjkn fla vxmvm/

oklnvd flslnflx fl |nm okn|jkdzm lwma|mjkn ln am }|l zl flhl flvlxoknmx am kngljjkn jdnjdokvmnvljdn dvxmz Kngljjkdnlz fl Vxmnzokzkn Zlp|ma (KVZ+! mz jdod am sxlzlnjkm d m|zlnjkm fl omnkglzvmjkdnlzjankjmz. Am om{dxm fl adz jmzdz zl lnj|lnvxmn ln lzvmfdz fl amvlnjkm sdx ad }|l lpkzvl fkgkj|avmf ln fkgl/xlnjkmx jdn lpmjvkv|f lnvxl Zgkakz Vlosxmnm { Amvlnvl. Sdx ad vmnvd! mnvl am f|fm d am kosdzkhkakfmf fl xlmakumxamz sx|lhmz nljlzmxkmz! lpkzvl jdnzlnzd ln }|l lz oledx vxmvmx sdx lpjlzd }|l sdx flgljvd. J|ma}|klxm}|l zlm am lfmf blzvmjkdnma { la lzvmfd fl am Zgkakz! am slnkjkaknm jdnvknm zklnfd am fxdbm fl laljjkn {m}|l j|xm m am omfxl! sxlwklnl am vxmnzokzkn wlxvkjma { vxmvm ma xljkn nmjkfd.=

Amz sxlsmxmjkdnlz |zmfmz5 hlnumvnkjm! sxdjmnkjm d mj|dzm! mz jdod am fdzkz { f|xmjkn fla vxmvmoklnvd!flslnflx fla lzvmfd { omnkglzvmjkdnlz jankjmz fl am lnglxolfmf. Lz nljlzmxkd adbxmx |n nkwla vxlsdnl/okjkfm fl adz mnvkokjxdhkmndz ln la z|lxd { la A}|kfd Jlgmadxxm}|fld (AJX+ smxm hxknfmx |n vxmvmoklnvdlgljvkwd fl am Zgkakz. \n nkwla fl slnkjkaknm om{dx }|l 3!3=0 ob sdx akvxd zl jdnzkflxm z|gkjklnvl! { flhlomnvlnlxzl sdx ma olndz 2 m =3 fmz ln am Zgkakz Vlosxmnm { sdx |n slxdfd om{dx ln am Zgkakz Vmxfm. Amslnkjkaknm B hlnumvnkjm fl mjjkn sxdadnbmfm! ln fdzkz fl 8!6 okaadnlz fl |nkfmflz sxdsdxjkdnm |nm sl/nkjkaknlokm vxlsdnlokjkfm sdx |n slxdfd fl `mzvm vxlz zlomnmz { zl xljdoklnfm smxm la vxmvmoklnvd fl amZgkakz Vmxfm.=

La vxmvmoklnvd zl flhl `knjmx jdn WFXA sdzkvkwd ln j|ma}|klx fka|jkn! jdn fka|jkdnlz kb|malz d om{dxlzm =50 fka|jkdnlz nd zl nljlzkvm sx|lhm jdngkxomvdxkm. Jdn fka|jkdnlz olndxlz zl flhl jdnvkn|mx la vxm/vmoklnvd `mzvm dhvlnlx la xlz|avmfd fl am sx|lhm vxlsdnokjm lzsljgkjm smxm z|zslnflx d jdnvkn|mx lavxmvmoklnvd.

La jdosmlxd(z+ zlp|ma(lz+ zl flhl lpmoknmx jankjm { zlxdabkjmolnvl9 { z|oknkzvxmx vxmvmoklnvd! zlbnla xlz|avmfd. La jdnvmjvd zlp|ma fl blzvmnvl jdn Zgkakz vlosxmnm d amvlnvl knflvlxoknmfm jdn vv|adz om{dxlzd kb|malz =5:8 fka|jkdnlz lps|lzvd xljklnvlolnvl! flnvxd fl adz ;3 fmz sxlwkdz ma fkmbnzvkjd omvlxnd!flhlx xljkhkx vxmvmoklnvd sxlz|nvkwd (m|n}|l la WFXA zlm nd xlmjvkwd+ fmfd }|l s|lfl lzvmx kngljvmfd.

7.8. XljdolnfmjkdnlzVklnln jdod hmzl amz B|mz fl am DOZ5

7.8.=. Zgkakz vlosxmnm (sxkomxkm! zlj|nfmxkm d amvlnjkm vlosxmnm9 lz fljkx! ol/ndx fl = md fl lwda|jkn+5

Xljdolnfmfd5 Slnkjkaknm B hlnumvnkjm5 8!6 okaadnlz \K sdx wm knvxmo|zj|amx! ln |nm fdzkz nkjm.

7.8.8. Amvlnjkm vmxfm / Kngljjkn fl oz fl = md fl f|xmjkn! zkn zkbndzjankjdz fl kngljjkn vxlsdnokjm5

Xljdolnfmfd5 Slnkjkaknm B hlnumvnkjm! 8!6 okaadnlz \K sdx wm knvxmo|zj|amx! |nm wlu sdx zlomnm { sdxvxlz zlomnmz jdnzlj|vkwmz. Lzvl vxmvmoklnvd flhl kx mjdosmmfd fl |nm h|lnm jdnzlelxm smxm }|l amsmjklnvl j|osam jdn amz vxlz fdzkz fl vxmvmoklnvd.=

7.8.:. Nl|xdzgkakz5Xljdolnfmfd5 Hlnjkaslnkjkaknm Mj|dzm! =8 m 86 okaadnlz \K sdx kn{ljjkn knvxmwlndzm! mfoknkzvxmfm fkmxkm/olnvl ln fdzkz fl 8 m 6 okaadnlz \K! jmfm j|mvxd `dxmz f|xmnvl jmvdxjl fmz.=

7.8.6. Ln zkv|mjkdnlz ln }|l nd zlm sdzkhal flvlxoknmx la lzvmfd fl am ZgkakzSlnkjkaknm B Hlnumvnkjm! 8!6 okaadnlz \K sdx wm knvxmo|zj|amx! |nm wlu sdx zlomnm! sdx vxlz zlomnmz

jdnzlj|vkwmz. Lzvl vxmvmoklnvd flhl kx mjdosmmfd fl |nm h|lnm jdnzlelxm smxm }|l am smjklnvl j|osamjdn amz vxlz fdzkz fl vxmvmoklnvd.


80/201

;3B|mz fl Mvlnjkn Omvlxnm

Zk la vklosd lnvxl jmfm fdzkz lz om{dx fl =3 m =6 fmz! `m{ }|l knkjkmx la lz}|lom fl n|lwd.

La vxmvmoklnvd jdn slnkjkaknm hlnumvnkjm fl am blzvmnvl jdn lohmxmud om{dx m :6 zlomnmz nd `m odz/vxmfd zlx lgkjmu smxm am sxlwlnjkn fl am Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm. Am olfkjknm hmzmfm ln am lwkflnjkm! nd jdnja|{lj|a lz la oledx xbkoln fl vxmvmoklnvd smxm lzvl vksd fl smjklnvlz. Nd `m{ lwkflnjkm fl }|l la z|oknkzvxdfl slnkjkaknm jxkzvmaknm wlndzm m am omfxl ln la vlxjlx vxkolzvxl fl blzvmjkn zlm oledx }|l am slnkjkaknm hln/umvnkjm d bmxmnvkjl am sxlwlnjkn fl am Zgkakz Jdnbnkvm 8


81/201

;=Omnled Zgakz { lohmxmud

S|njkn a|ohmx ln blzvmnvlz5

Zl flhl xlmakumx s|njkn a|ohmx smxm mnakzkz fla A}|kfd Jlgmadxxm}|fld m vdfmz amz blzvmnvlz jdn Zgkakz}|l j|osaln |nd fl adz zkb|klnvlz jxkvlxkdz5

Zkbndz d znvdomz nl|xdabkjdz | dgvaokjdz.

Lwkflnjkm fl Zgkakz Vlxjkmxkm Mjvkwm (Mdxvkvkz! Bdomz! Kxkvkz+.

Gmaam ma vxmvmoklnvd (zl flo|lzvxm sdx xljmfm jankjm d zlxdabkjm+.

Jdkngljjkn jdn WK@ { Zgkakz amvlnvl vmxfm d fl f|xmjkn flzjdndjkfm.

Zlb|koklnvd

Amz smjklnvlz zl lwmamn jankjm { zlxdabkjmolnvl m adz 7! =8! =0 { 86 olzlz sdzvlxkdxlz ma vxmvmoklnvd.Flhl xlmakumxzl |nm s|njkn a|ohmx zk zl flzmxxdaamn znvdomz jankjdz d zl m|olnvmn adz vv|adz fl sx|lhmznd vxlsdnokjmz ln j|mvxd wljlz. Zk f|xmnvl la zlb|koklnvd lnvxl =8 { 86 olzlz adz vv|adz nd fkzokn|{lnln j|mvxd wljlz! flhl xlmakumxzl |nm n|lwm s|njkn a|ohmx { mfoknkzvxmxzl vxmvmoklnvd.

2. JdosakjmjkdnlzAm Nl|xdzgkakz lz am jdosakjmjkn oz bxmwl { lpkzvln j|mvxd gdxomz fkglxlnvlz5 mzknvdovkjm! olnknbdwmz/

j|amx! vmhlz fdxzma { smxlzkm blnlxma.8

Am Nl|xdzgkakz Mzknvdovkjm sxljlfl m am Zgkakz Zknvdovkjm { zl sxlzlnvm ln =


82/201


Ga|edbxmom smxm am lwma|mjkn { vxmvmoklnvd fl nmjkfdz fl omfxlz jdn zlxdadbm xlmjvkwm

(hmzmfd ln la ga|edbxmom fla okzod vv|ad. M|vdx Znj`lu S. \nkwlxzkfmf fl Vlpmz!Jlnvxd Ofkjd Zd|v`rlzvlxn+


83/201

;:Omnled Zgakz { lohmxmud

Ga|edbxmom fl mhdxfmel fl am Zakz omvlxnm


84/201


Hkhakdbxmgm

=. W=. OKNKZVLXKD FL AM SXDVLJJKN ZDJKMA! KNZVKV\VD NMJKDNMA FL ZMA\F! SXDVDJDAD FL ZGKAKZJDNBNKVM [ BLZVMJKDNMA! SMB=/:8! 8332.

8. DXBMNKUMJKN SMNMOLXKJMNM FL AM ZMA\F! LAKOKNMNFD AM ZGKAKZ JDNBNKVM LN MOLXKJM AMVK/NM [ LA JMXKHL! SMBz =/77! 833


85/201


86/201

;2

2. Knf|jjkn!

vxmhmed fl smxvd {

z|z jdosakjmjkdnlz

=. Knvxdf|jjknLa nolxd lzvkomfd fl o|lxvlz omvlxnmz ln la o|nfd smxm la 8333 g|l fl


87/201


:. OlvdfdadbmAm jamzkgkjmjkn fl adz nkwlalz fl lwkflnjkm { adz bxmfdz fl xljdolnfmjkn zl mjv|makumxdn fl mj|lxfd

jdn am jamzkgkjmjkn fl am olfkjknm hmzmfm ln am lwkflnjkm fl Dpgdxf (wlx vmham ma gknma fla fdj|olnvd+. Zlvdod ln j|lnvm B|mz sxllpkzvlnvlz! zl xlmakud hz}|lfm fl lpslxkolnvdz jankjdz jdnvxdamfdz d xlwkzkd/nlz fl olvm/mnakzkz smxm jmfm xljdolnfmjkn ln am hmzl fl fmvdz S|hOlf! d xlwkzkdnlz zkzvlovkjmzfl JDJ@XMNL { mfkjkdnmaolnvl zl lzvmhaljklxdn dsknkdnlz fla jdokv fl lpslxvdz flzmxxdaamfdxlz fl amsxlzlnvl B|m (NL ? Nkwla fl Lwkflnjkm la j|ma lz zlb|kfd sdx am alvxm }|l `mjl xlglxlnjkm ma vksd fl xljd/olnfmjkn+.

6. \z|mxkd fl am B|mVdfd sxdglzkdnma fl am zma|f }|l sxlzvl mvlnjkn m am blzvmnvl.


88/201

;;Knf|jjkn! vxmhmed fl smxvd { z|z jdosakjmjkdnlz

blnkvma! monkdxxlm! fkzokn|jkn ln am slxjlsjkn fl adz odwkoklnvdz glvmalz! lskbmzvxmabkm! wkzkn hdxxdzm!gdzglndz! vknkv|z! jlgmalm knvlnzm+ (8+.

Amz blzvmnvlz jdn jlzxlm mnvlxkdx d jkx|bm ln vlxd! flhln zlx jdnzkflxmfm ln vxmhmed fl smxvd jdnj|ma}|klx nkwla fl mjvkwkfmf |vlxknm. Sdx vmnvd! flhln zlx mfokvkfmz smxm flzlohmxmumx sdx wm mavm d smxmzlx wkbkamfm flzfl lzl odolnvd zk aalnm adz xl}|kzkvdz smxm |n smxvd wmbknma.

Ln la sxdjlzd fl mfokzkn fl am blzvmnvl ln vxmhmed fl smxvd zl flhln j|osakx adz zkb|klnvlz lalolnvdz5

Kflnvkgkjmjkn fl am smjklnvl

Lamhdxmjkn fl am `kzvdxkm jankjm jdosalvm! knja|{lnfd mnvljlflnvlz slxzdnmalz! bknljdabkjdz! dhzvvxk/jdz9 { la lpmoln gzkjd.

Kflnvkgkjmx gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd

Zdakjkv|f fl lpolnlz smxmjankjdz slxvknlnvlz! knja|{lnfd WFXA9 @lodjamzkgkjmjkn! zk nd zl fkzsdnlfla xlz|avmfd d zk am blzvmnvl nd v|wd jdnvxda sxlnmvma.

Sx|lhm xskfm smxm @KW (LAKZM+ zk nd vklnl

Zk nd lzvm ln vxmhmed fl smxvd { nd vklnl knfkjmjkdnlz smxm vlxoknmx la lohmxmud d zlx `dzskvmakumfm zlflhlx jdosalvmx amhdxmvdxkdz gmavmnvlz sdx jdnz|avm lpvlxnm.

Vmham =. Gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd smxm odxvmakfmf omvlxnm (8+

0. Kflnvkjmjkn fl gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd { mavlxmjkdnlzfla lohmxmud

Am sxlzlnjkm fl gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd smxm la smxvd! jdnfkjkdnmxm am nljlzkfmf fl |nm xlokzkn m |n jlnvxd

fl om{dx jdosalekfmf! zk la odolnvd fla vxmhmed fl smxvd ad slxokvl. Ln am ndvm fl xlglxlnjkm zl flhlnjdnzkbnmx vdfdz adz fmvdz fl am `kzvdxkm jankjm! adz xlz|avmfdz fl adz lpolnlz smxmjaknkjdz! kngdxolz flljdbxmgm { am jm|zm fl am xlokzkn! mzlb|xmnfd z| knbxlzd ln la dvxd dxbmnkzod fl xlglxlnjkm. Lnvxl amzzkv|mjkdnlz }|l xl}|klxln om{dx mvlnjkn zl lnj|lnvxmn5

X|sv|xm Sxlomv|xm fl Olohxmnmz! XSO.

Lohmxmud sxlvxoknd

Lohmxmud sxdadnbmfd

Vxmzvdxndz `kslxvlnzkwdz fla lohmxmud


89/201


Sxlzlnvmjkn fl slawkzZl flhl xlmakumx jlzxlm laljvkwm m amz :0/:; zlomnmz fl blzvmjkn smxm am sxlzlnvmjkn fl slawkz (NL =m!

M+. \nm xlwkzkn zkzvlovkjm! j|{d dhelvkwd g|l lwma|mx adz lgljvdz fl am jlzxlm laljvkwm smxm am sxlzlnvmjknfl slawkz zdhxl wmxkmhalz fl xlz|avmfd slxknmvmalz! knja|{d vxlz lzv|fkdz jankjdz xmnfdokumfdz jdnvxdamfdz(8:;7 smxvkjksmnvlz+ }|l jdosmxmhmn jlzxlm laljvkwm wlxz|z smxvd wmbknma smxm am sxlzlnvmjkn fl slawkz.Zl jdnja|{d fl lzvm xlwkzkn }|l am jlzxlm laljvkwm xlf|jl am odxhkakfmf nldnmvma zlxkm { am o|lxvl slxknmvmad nldnmvma (XX 3.::! ;\nm wlu fljkfkfm am `dzskvmakumjkn! zl al lpsakjm m am blzvmnvl { m z| mjdosmmnvl am zkv|mjkn { la samnfl vxmhmed. Flhl dgxljlxzl msd{d gzkjd! lodjkdnma { szkjdabkjd jdnvkn|d f|xmnvl la vxmhmed fl smxvd { lasmxvd. A|lbd! zl sxdjlfl m lgljv|mx amz zkb|klnvlz olfkfmz5

Vdomx zkbndz wkvmalz m am omfxl fl omnlxm `dxmxkm5 gxlj|lnjkm jmxfkmjm! vlnzkn mxvlxkma! gxlj|lnjkm xlzsk/xmvdxkm

Fkakblnjkmx la smxvdbxmom m vdfmz amz |z|mxkmz ma knkjkd fl am gmzl mjvkwm fla vxmhmed fl smxvd (NL < F+ (8+.Ln la smxvdbxmom zl xlbkzvxmxm am fkamvmjkn! hdxxmoklnvd! lzvmjkn! lzvmfd fl amz olohxmnmz { wmxklfmffl sdzkjkn! gxlj|lnjkm jmxfkmjm glvma. J|mnfd am j|xwm fl malxvm xlbkzvxmfm ln la smxvdbxmom zlm jx|umfmsdx am j|xwm fl sxdbxlzkn (sxdadnbmjkn mndxoma fl am fkamvmjkn+ flhl mjlxzl |n lzg|lxud sdx lnjdnvxmx{ jdxxlbkx la gmjvdx jm|zmnvl. Zl flhl |vkakumx la smxvdbxmom }|l am knzvkv|jkn mj|lxfl.

M amz smjklnvlz }|l zl lnj|lnvxln ln vxmhmed fl smxvd gmzl mjvkwm zl alz flhl `mjlx omnled mjvkwd flavxmhmed fl smxvd (wlx j|mfxd+. La j|ma jdnzkzvl ln monkdvdom { xlg|lxud jdn dpkvdjknm m olndz }|l lpkzvmmab|nm jdnvxmknfkjmjkn! {m }|l la omnled mjvkwd mflj|mfd fla vxmhmed fl smxvd hkln jdnvxdamfd zl `m wkzvdsxdf|jl |nm fkzokn|jkn ln am f|xmjkn fl vxmhmed fl smxvd zkn m|olnvmx amz jdosakjmjkdnlz omvlxnmz nkslxknmvmalz! jdn xlwkzkn fl lzv|fkdz xmnfdokumfdz jdnvxdamfdz }|l `m odzvxmfd |nm fkzokn|jkn zkbnkgk/jmvkwm ln am vmzm fl jlzxlm.

Ln |n mnakzkz fl zlkz lzv|fkdz (:62< smxvkjksmnvlz+! zl lnjdnvx |nm xlf|jjkn odflzvm ln am vmzm fljlzxlm ln jdosmxmjkn jdn la bx|sd jdnvxda vxmvmfd (XX 3.22! ;


90/201

=3=Knf|jjkn! vxmhmed fl smxvd { z|z jdosakjmjkdnlz

Lnvxl amz jdnvxmknfkjmjkdnlz smxm xlmakumx monkdvdom zl lnj|lnvxmn fkamvmjkn olndx m : jo { jmzdzfdnfl lpkzvmn f|fmz ln am sxlzlnvmjkn. Ln blnlxma zl xljdoklnfm lwkvmxam ln sxlzlnvmjkdnlz gadvmnvlz (


91/201


xlz ln vxmhmed fl smxvd jdn jdnfkjkdnlz fl mavd xklzbd (lelosad5 zdzslj`m fl xlzvxkjjkn fl jxljkoklnvd|vlxknd! sxlljamoszkm! { fkmhlvlz vksd =+ zl xljdoklnfm sxmjvkjmx odnkvdxld laljvxnkjd glvma jdnvknd (NLLpsadxmjkn wmbknma fkbkvmaXlmakumx vmjvd wmbknma fl mj|lxfd jdn am knfkjmjkn ofkjm! blnlxmaolnvl mnvl omnled mjvkwd fl vxmhmed

fl smxvd z|lal knfkjmxzl jmfm 8 `dxmz zlbn amz jkxj|nzvmnjkmz (6+. Zk amz olohxmnmz lzvn xdvmz! zl flhlxlzvxknbkx ma opkod la nolxd fl lpolnlz wmbknmalz.

Mfoknkzvxmjkn fl ga|kfdz knvxmwlndzdzJdnzkflxmnfd }|l vdfm smjklnvl ln vxmhmed fl smxvd sxlzlnvm la xklzbd fl jdosakjmjkdnlz zhkvmz jdn

sdvlnjkma nljlzkfmf fl xl}|lxkx knvlxwlnjkdnlz }|kxxbkjmz! lz `mhkv|ma am z|zslnzkn fl am wm dxma ln mabnodolnvd sdzvlxkdx ma knkjkd fla vxmhmed fl smxvd! sdx ad vmnvd zl jdnzkflxm xmudnmhal am mfoknkzvxmjkn x|vk/nmxkm fl ga|kfdz knvxmwlndzdz jxkzvmadkflz smxm sxlwlnkx am flz`kfxmvmjkn { omnvlnlx |n mjjlzd wlndzd slx/olmhal wlxkgkjmhal. La omnled `fxkjd lnfdwlndzd flhl zlx knwkf|makumfd. Ln blzvmnvlz zkn jdodxhkakfmflz{ zkn gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd vxmfkjkdnmaolnvl zl xljdoklnfm =8< jj$@x! lzvm vmzm fl kng|zkn m zkfd jmaj|amfmjdod la xl}|lxkoklnvd smxm smjklnvlz ln xlsdzd. Zkn lohmxbd am slxfkfm fxkjm fl amz smjklnvlz ln vxmhmedfl smxvd gxmnjd! lz sxdhmhalolnvl oz jdosmxmhal m amz sxfkfmz f|xmnvl la lelxjkjkd! }|l m amz slxfkfmzfla xlsdzd ln jmom9 zk zl vklnl ln j|lnvm }|l la jdalbkd molxkjmnd fl am olfkjknm fla flsdxvl z|bklxl |nmknblzvm fl 633 oA m =033 oA fl ak}|kfd sdx `dxm mnvl lelxjkjkd zdzvlnkfd. Amz smjklnvlz sdfxmn odzvxmx|nm vlnflnjkm m am flz`kfxmvmjkn jdn la xbkoln vxmfkjkdnma.

MnmablzkmZlbn fkzsdnkhkakfmf! f|xmnvl la vxmhmed fl smxvd flhl |zmxzl mnmablzkm xlbkdnma lskf|xma smxm jdnf|jjkn

fla okzod9 lpjlsvd }|l amz jdnfkjkdnlz jankjmz nd ad slxokvmn (8!=


92/201

=3:Knf|jjkn! vxmhmed fl smxvd { z|z jdosakjmjkdnlz

fmf! mz jdod am wkbkamnjkm lzvxlj`m fl am GJG. Zk amz olohxmnmz zl lnj|lnvxmn knvlbxmz! zl sxdjlfl m ammonkdvdom { ma lpmoln fla a}|kfd monkvkjd. Zk la a}|kfd monkvkjd zl lnj|lnvxm oljdnkmfd { zk nd `m{sxdbxlzkn fla lps|azkwd! zl flhl xlmakumx jlzxlm d lwma|mx amz jdnfkjkdnlz smxm am xlokzkn ma nkwla flom{dx jdosalekfmf hmed j|kfmfd ofkjd (8+.

La s|ed wda|nvmxkd zdad flhl lzvko|amxzl f|xmnvl la lps|azkwd { ln la odolnvd fl amz jdnvxmjjkdnlz.

Zl flhl z|zslnflx am lskzkdvdom x|vknmxkm f|xmnvl la smxvd! s|lz nd jdngklxl hlnlgkjkdz. Am xlmakumjkn fllskzkdvdom flhl zlx xlzvxkjvkwm! xlmakunfdzl zdad ln jmzdz zlaljjkdnmfdz { e|zvkgkjmfdz (NL =m! M+ (=2+. Nkvmosdjd zl flhl xlmakumx fl gdxom x|vknmxkm sxlzkn gnfkjm smxm mjlalxmx la lps|azkwd (Omnkdhxm fl Ixkzvl/aalx+ (8+.

Am knzvkv|jkn }|l mvklnfl m am blzvmnvl f|xmnvl la smxvd flhl vlnlx am jmsmjkfmf fl mvlnjkn smxm la xljknnmjkfd (XN+. Am mvlnjkn fla xljkn nmjkfd flhl mjlxzl fl mj|lxfd jdn amz B|mz lzsljgkjmz jdxxlzsdn/fklnvlz smxm am mvlnjkn fla xljkn nmjkfd.

Ln blnlxma zl flhl lwkvmx am zlsmxmjkn fl am omfxl { la xljkn nmjkfd flzs|z fla nmjkoklnvd! nd zl `mlnjdnvxmfd hlnlgkjkdz fl am mzskxmjkn x|vknmxkm fl adz nldnmvdz nd lps|lzvdz m oljdnkd. Zl flhl slxokvkxvlosxmnmolnvl la jdnvmjvd skla m skla fl am omfxl jdn la xljkn nmjkfd. \nm xlwkzkn }|l knja|{d =2 lz/v|fkdz lnjdnvx lgljvdz sdzkvkwdz { lzvmfzvkjmolnvl zkbnkgkjmvkwdz fla jdnvmjvd vlosxmnd skla m skla zdhxlam amjvmnjkm omvlxnm |nd { vxlz olzlz flzs|z fla smxvd! { zdhxl am f|xmjkn fl am amjvmnjkm. Vmohkn zllnjdnvxmxdn lgljvdz sdzkvkwdz zdhxl mgljvd! jmxkjkmz { mslbd omvlxndz (=!M+ (8+.

Ln jmzd fl odxvknmvd zl flhl lnwkmx am samjlnvm { glvd m smvdadbm smxm lzv|fkd mnmvdodsmvdabkjd. Mfl/oz zl flhl hxknfmx msd{d szkjdabkjd m am gmokakm blzvmnvl.

Mavlxmjkdnlz ln la sxdbxlzd fla slxdfd lps|azkwdZk hkln smxljl nd mhlx fkglxlnjkmz kosdxvmnvlz ln j|mnvd m xlz|avmfdz nldnmvmalz mnvl |n slxdfd lps|a/

zkwd sxdadnbmfd (om{dx fl 8 dxmz ln n|asmxmz { om{dx fl = dxm ln o|avsmxmz+. Zl m mzdjkmfd ma slxdfdlps|azkwd sxdadnbmfd jdn |n m|olnvd zkbnkgkjmvkwd fla xklzbd fl odxhkakfmf omvlxnm! jdn om{dx nljlzkfmffl smxvdz knzvx|olnvmfdz! om{dx bxmwlfmf ln flzbmxxdz slxknlmalz (=0 { |n xklzbd lwkflnvlolnvl om{dxfl `lodxxmbkm sdzsmxvd (=0! =;+.

=8. Mvlnjkn fla vlxjlx slxdfd fla smxvd (ma|ohxmoklnvd+La omnled mjvkwd fla vlxjlx slxdfd flhl dgxljlxzl m vdfm o|elx jdn smxvd knzvkv|jkdnma | dzskvmamxkd ln vdfdz

adz nkwlalz fl mvlnjkn! s|lz xlf|jl am knjkflnjkm fl `lodxxmbkm sdzsmxvd zlj|nfmxkd m mvdnm |vlxknm (83+.

Zl `m flodzvxmfd }|l la omnled mjvkwd fla ma|ohxmoklnvd lz z|slxkdx }|l la omnled lpsljvmnvl. La om/nled lpsljvmnvl fla vlxjlx slxdfd fla vxmhmed fl smxvd jdnzkzvl ln slxokvkx }|l am samjlnvm zlm lps|azmfmlzsdnvnlmolnvl d m{|fmfm sdx am bxmwlfmf d am lzvko|amjkn fla slun. Adz zkbndz jankjdz smxm wmadxmx|n flzsxlnfkoklnvd lzsdnvnld fl am samjlnvm zdn5 jdnvxmjjkn fla gdnfd |vlxknd9 gdxomjkn fla badhd flzlb|xkfmf9 lps|azkn zhkvm fl zmnbxl9 flzjlnzd fl am sknum knfkjmfdxm (flzjlnzd fla jdxfn |ohkakjma+9xlmsmxkjkn fl jdnvxmjjkdnlz fdadxdzmz9 smasmjkn fl am samjlnvm ln am wmbknm9 zkbnd fla slzjmfdx (ma lelx/jlx vxmjjkn fla jdxfn zl dhzlxwm la flzjlnzd fla gdnfd |vlxknd zk nd `m dj|xxkfd la flzsxlnfkoklnvd+ {zkbnd fla skzvn (vxmjjkn jlgakjm fla zlbolnvd smxm wmadxmx la mzjlnzd fla jdxfn j|mnfd nd `m dj|xxkfd

la flzsxlnfkoklnvd+ (8+.

Omnled mjvkwd fla vlxjlx slxdfd fla smxvdLa omnled mjvkwd fla ma|ohxmoklnvd jdnzkzvl ln |nm zlxkl fl knvlxwlnjkdnlz flzkbnmfmz m gmjkakvmx am lp/

s|azkn fl am samjlnvm olfkmnvl la knjxlolnvd fl amz jdnvxmjjkdnlz |vlxknmz smxm fkzokn|kx la xklzbd fl`lodxxmbkm sdzsmxvd lwkvmnfd z| sxknjksma jm|zm am j|ma lz am mvdnm |vlxknm.

Ln la J|mfxd 8 zl xlzmavmn adz jdosdnlnvlz fla omnled mjvkwd fla vlxjlx slxdfd5


93/201


J|mfxd 8. Jdosdnlnvlz |z|malz fla omnled mjvkwd fla ma|ohxmoklnvd (83+

Ln |nm xlwkzkn zkzvlovkjm fl lzv|fkdz xmnfdokumfdz jdnvxdamfdz! la omnled mjvkwd fla vlxjlx slxdfdfla smxvd g|l oz lgljvkwd jdn xlzsljvd ma omnled lpsljvmnvl d gkzkdabkjd ln sxlwlnkx slxfkfm zmnb|nlm!`lodxxmbkm sdzsmxvd zlwlxm { ma|ohxmoklnvd sxdadnbmfd! zkn m|olnvmx la xklzbd fl xlvlnjkn samjlnvmxkm.La omnled mjvkwd fkzokn|{d am knjkflnjkm fl `lodxxmbkm sdzsmxvd ln |n 78 , (XX 3.:0! ;


94/201

=3


95/201


Lzvlxkakumjkn }|kxxbkjmMnvlz fla lbxlzd { sdzvlxkdx m |n smxvd ndxoma jdn xljkn nmjkfd zkn msmxlnvlz `maamubdz oxhkfdz! zl

flhlx hxknfmx am mzkzvlnjkm smxm lzvlxkakumjkn }|kxxbkjm sdzsmxvd m vdfmz amz smjklnvlz jdn smxkfmf zmvkzgl/j`m }|l am m{mn zdakjkvmfd sxlwkmolnvl! zklosxl { j|mnfd nd lpkzvmn f|fmz ln am zlb|xkfmf fl z| fljkzkn(jdod s|lfl zlx la jmzd fl olndxlz fl lfmf! d smjklnvlz }|l `m{mn fljkfkfd zdakjkvmx la sxdjlfkoklnvdln la odolnvd knvxm smxvd ln fdnfl zl s|lfln lnjdnvxmx hmed jdnfkjkdnlz fl vlnzkn lodjkdnma+! { amzjkxj|nzvmnjkmz jankjmz ad slxokvmn.

Kno|nkumjkdnlzZl xljdoklnfm z|oknkzvxmx kno|ndbadh|aknm mnvk/F flnvxd fl amz 28 `dxmz flzs|z fla smxvd m vdfmz amz

o|elxlz X` nlbmvkwd! zkn mnvkj|lxsdz mnvk/F! }|klnlz v|wklxdn |n nkd X` sdzkvkwd (8+.

Zl flhl mfoknkzvxmx am wmj|nm vxksal wkxma OOX (zmxmoskn! x|hdam { smxdvkfkvkz+ m amz o|elxlz ln la sdz/smxvd fl mj|lxfd jdn la lzvmfd fl kno|nkumjkn omvlxnm. Amz kno|nkumjkdnlz ln la xljkn nmjkfd flhlxnxlmakumxzl zlbn amz B|mz fl mvlnjkn jdxxlzsdnfklnvlz (8+.

F|xmjkn fl am dhzlxwmjknLn jmzd fl lwda|jkn zmvkzgmjvdxkm { m|zlnjkm fl gmjvdxlz fl xklzbd! zl s|lfl fmx zmakfm m am omfxl

j|mnfd `m{mn vxmnzj|xxkfd ma olndz =8 m 86 `dxmz fl dhzlxwmjkn sdzsmxvd. Lzvm fljkzkn flhlx zlxknfkwkf|makumfm (8+.

Zlb|koklnvdAm blzvmnvl flhl lbxlzmx jdn |nm jkvm fl jdnvxda {m lzvmhaljkfm m gkn fl jdnvxdamx la s|lxslxkd flnvxd fl

adz sxkolxdz 2 fmz fla smxvd! zl flhln fmx amz xljdolnfmjkdnlz slxvknlnvlz lpsakjnfdal m am smjklnvl adzzkbndz d znvdomz fl mamxom smxm xlj|fkx d jdnz|avmx m |xblnjkmz (8+.

Zl flhl knzvx|kx m am omfxl! jdn xlzsljvd m am kosdxvmnjkm fl jdndjlx adz xlz|avmfdz fl am `lodjamzkgkjm/jkn fla xljkn nmjkfd { fla vmokumel fla ksdvkxdkfkzod jdnbnkvd. Am omfxl flhl jdnz|avmx dsdxv|nmolnvlsmxm jdndjlx la xlz|avmfd fla vmokumel! aalwmnfd la xlz|avmfd ma xlzsljvkwd jdnvxda fla nldnmvd.

Nkwlalz fl lwkflnjkm { bxmfdz fl xljdolnfmjkn(Jamzkjmjkn fl Dpgdxf+ (82+


96/201

=32Knf|jjkn! vxmhmed fl smxvd { z|z jdosakjmjkdnlz

Ga|edbxmom mvlnjkn fla smxvd


97/201


Hkhakdbxmgm

=. Mhd|Um`x J. Omvlxnma odxvmakv{ kn 83335 Lzvkomvlz flwladslf h{ R@D! \NKJLG mnf \NGSM. Blnlwm! Rdxaf@lmav` Dxbmnkumvkdn9 8336.

8. Oknkzvlxkd fl am Sxdvljjkn Zdjkma. B|mz fl sxdodjkn fl am zma|f { sxlwlnjkn fl lnglxolfmflz ln amzma|f shakjm9 B|m fl mvlnjkn fla smxvd. Hdbdv! Jdadohkm. Om{d 8332.

:. Flsmxvmolnvd Mfoknkzvxmvkwd Nmjkdnma fl Lzvmfzvkjm Jdadohkm5 Sdhamjkn! Lzvmfzvkjmz wkvmalz! Flg|njkd/nlz9 Sxknjksmalz jm|zmz fl odxvmakfmf omvlxnm. Md 8332. G|lnvl Dnaknl5 `vvs5$$rrr.fmnl.bdw.jd$knflp.s`s4dsvkdn?jdoTjdnvlnv'vmzi?jmvlbdx{'zljvkdnkf?=7'kf?


98/201

=3;Knf|jjkn! vxmhmed fl smxvd { z|z jdosakjmjkdnlz

=2. Jmxxdak B! Okbnknk A. Lskzkdvdo{ gdx wmbknma hkxv`. Jdj`xmnl Fmvmhmzl dg Z{zvlomvkj Xlwklrz 833;!Kzz|l =.Mxv. Nd.5 JF33330=. FDK5 =3.=338$=67


99/201


100/201

==:

0. Mvlnjkn fla

smxvd knzvx|olnvmfd

Knvxdf|jjknLn =0=:! am zldxm Jmoshlaa flzj|hxk! ln z| omnzkn fl Rddf`mo @maa! ln Lzzlp! hmed |nmz vmhamz

ln la skzd |nm jmem }|l jdnvlnm fkwlxzdz dhelvdz { lnvxl lzvdz |ndz knzvx|olnvdz jdn gdxom fl vlnmumz {bmnj`dz. Lzvdz zl jdnzkflxmn adz gxjlsz fl J`mohlxaln! }|l slxomnljklxdn dj|avdz ln fkj`m omnzknsdx oz fl jkln mdz.

Amz fl Omndz fl Smag{n (=283+ sdfxmn jdnzkflxmxzl amz mnvljlzdxmz fl amz Lzsv|amz fl Wlamzjd.

Amz lzsv|amz zdn la knzvx|olnvd oz |vkakumfd ln am mvlnjkn fl amz fkzvdjkmz sxdskmz fla lps|azkwd.

OlvdfdadbmAmz sxlzlnvlz xljdolnfmjkdnlz xlglxlnvlz ma |zd fl amz lzsv|amz lzvn z|zvlnvmfmz ln la jdnzlnzdfla jdokv fl lpslxvdz flzmxxdaamfdxlz fl am sxlzlnvl B|m. Zl lzvmhaljl nkwla fl lwkflnjkm { bxmfdz flxljdolnfmjkn zlbn am jamzkgkjmjkn fl Dpgdxf (Wlx Vmham ma gknma fla fdj|olnvd+ (NL ? Nkwla fl Lwkflnjkm!la j|ma lz zlb|kfd sdx am alvxm }|l `mjl xlglxlnjkm ma vksd fl xljdolnfmjkn+.

G|njkn fl amz lzsv|amz fl WlamzjdJ|osal jdn vxlz g|njkdnlz5 Xdvmjkn! vxmjjkn { lpvlnzkn.

Wlnvmemz fl amz lzsv|amz=. Nd zdn mxvkj|amfmz sdx ad }|l zl me|zvmn ma vmomd fl am jmhlum glvma.

8. Amz xmomz zdn knflslnfklnvlz! sdx ad }|l s|lfln msakjmxzl m fkglxlnvl mav|xm.

:. J|xwmv|xm gmjkma mosakm }|l xlf|jl am jdosxlzkn jxmnlma.


101/201

==6B|mz fl Mvlnjkn Omvlxnm

6. Am jdosxlzkn nd lz fkxljvm! zl flxkwm jdnvxmsxlzkn fl am slawkz omvlxnm.


102/201

==


103/201


Flzakumoklnvd fl amz j|j`mxmz. Xlmakumx z|mwlolnvl { jdn m{|fm fl am omnd.

Xlwkzkn fl am vdom. Dhzlxwmx }|l zl j|osam smxmalakzod { xlwkzmx Omxjm Wlamzjd.

Vxmjjkn.

Flzsxlnfkoklnvd { lpvxmjjkn jlgakjm

Omnkdhxm @lxhknkm|p5 jdn |nm j|j`mxm! am dvxm omnd sxdvlbl la slxkn.

Omnkdhxm Xkvbln5 zl xlmakum sxlzkn zdhxl slxkn smxm jdosalvmx flgalpkn.

Xlwkzkn fla jmnma fla smxvd.

Adz gxjlszAm smamhxm gxjlsz flxkwm! sxdhmhalolnvl! fl amz smamhxmz Gdxo|z (jmaklnvl+ { Jmslxl (jdblx+! jdblx

jdzmz jmaklnvlz. O|j`dz jdnjlsvdz mn jmohkmfd flzfl z| msmxkjkn! mn wmxkmfd z| gdxom { vmomd! slxdzklosxl jdnzlxwmnfd ln jdon fdz xmomz }|l zl lnvxljx|umn { mxvkj|amn. Jmfm xmom zl jdosdnl fl5

Amz `demz (jmfm |nm jdn j|xwmv|xm jlgakjm { slawkmnm+.

Adz wzvmbdz.

Am mxvkj|amjkn.

Adz omnbdz.

Jamzkgkjmjkn (MJDB+=. Fl flzsxlnfkoklnvd5 zl j|osaln amz zkb|klnvlz jdnfkjkdnlz5

J|lxd jmhlaa|fd wkzkhal ln knvxdkvd wmbknma.

Jxnld `m aalbmfd m skzd fl am slawkz.

Am z|v|xm zmbkvma lzv ln am fkxljjkn fla fkolvxd MS d ln |nm wmxklfmf fl sdzkjkn5

DKM/DFM d sdzvlxkdx.

Jmhlum glvma lzv zdhxl d ln slxkn.

Am xdvmjkn nd lpjlfl adz 6


104/201

==2Mvlnjkn fla Smxvd knzvx|olnvmfd

6. Mavd

Nd knja|kfd ln am jamzkgkjmjkn.

Laljjkn fl gxjlsz Gxjlsz fl Zkoszdn5 zl |zm smxm la smxvd fla glvd jdn jmhlum odaflmfm! jdon ln n|asmxmz.

Gxjlsz fl V|jilx Oj Amnl5 zl |zm jdn gxlj|lnjkm j|mnfd `m{ |nm jmhlum xlfdnflmfm. Oz gxlj|lnvlln o|avsmxmz.

Gxjlsz fl Skslx5 zl |zmn ln xlvlnjkn jlgakjm ln smxvd fl nmabmz.

Knfkjmjkn { xl}|kzkvdz smxm z| msakjmjkn Zkokamx m amz lzsv|amz { ln xlvlnjkn fl jmhlum avkom ln smxvd fl nmabmz.

Zl xl}|klxl |n mflj|mfd lnvxlnmoklnvd smxm z| |zd! { z| knfkjmjkn flhlx zlx knfkwkf|makumfm (NL

Vjnkjm fl msakjmjkn=. Sxlsmxmjkn5 Zkokamx m amz lzsv|amz

8. Msakjmjkn5

Zl flhl msakjmx m ad amxbd fla fkolvxd djjkskvd/olnvdnkmnd.

Am msakjmjkn flhl zlx hksmxklvma d hkomamx.

Mxol la gxjlsz mnvlz fl z| msakjmjkn. Wlxkgk}|l }|l amz smxvlz lnjmeln hkln { zl mxvkj|aln! sxd{ljjknfl vdom.

A|hxkjmx amz xmomz jdn kzdfknl! d zda|jkn zmaknm ndxoma.

Zl knzlxvm am `dem jdn am omnd `doadbm.

Am jdnjmwkfmf `mjkm mnvlxkdx fl vma omnlxm }|l mxvkj|al gjkaolnvl! fl ad jdnvxmxkd am msakjmjkn lzvmxknjdxxljvm { zl flhl zmjmx amz xmomz { wdawlx m jdadjmx wlxkgkjmnfd am sdzkjkn fl am jmhlum. Msak}|l lagxjlsz zad zk `m jdngkxomfd am xdvmjkn.

Zl wlxkgkjm }|l amz `demz }|lfln l}|kfkzvmnvlz fl am anlm olfkm fl am jmxm { am gxlnvl.

Zl xlmakum vxmjjkn z|mwl l knvlxokvlnvl. Xljdxfmx lskzkdvdom.

Lelxjlx am vxmjjkn mjkm mxxkhm.

Ma vlnlx am gxlnvl ln la slxkn zl flhl jdosalvmx smxvd.


105/201


Jdnvxmknfkjmjkdnlz smxm knzvx|olnvmjkn fla smxvd Flzsxdsdxjkn jgmad sawkjm.

Nd jdndjkoklnvd fl am vjnkjm.

Nd fkzsdnkhkakfmf fl }|kxgmnd.

Nd fkzsdnkhkakfmf fl mnlzvlzkm mflj|mfm.

Lzvmjkdnlz oz mavmz m )8.

Jdosakjmjkdnlz Omvlxnmz5 amjlxmjkdnlz jlxwkjmalz { wmbknmalz! sxfkfm zmnb|nlm! kngljjkn! x|sv|xm |vlxknm.

Glvmalz5 omxjmz j|vnlmz! `lomvdomz! alzkn nlxwkdzm! jgmad `lomvdomz! vxm|om dj|amx! gxmjv|xmz fljmxm { jxnld.

Gxmjmzd fl knzvx|olnvmjkn fla smxvdAm msakjmjkn fla gxjlsz d lzsv|amz gxmjmzm! zk am jmhlum glvma nd mwmnum ln jmfm vxmjjkn. La glvd nd `m

zkfd lpvxmfd flzs|z fl vxlz vxmjjkdnlz zkn }|l `m{m flzjlnzd.

Jmfm msakjmjkn flhl jdnzkflxmxzl |n lnzm{d jdn la gxjlsz d lzsv|amz. Nd slxzkzvm zk nd m{ flzjlnzd

mab|nd jdn jmfm vxmjjkn. Zk la smxvd gmaam! xlmakjl |nm jlzxlm.

Sxdampkz mnvkhkvkjm ln knzvx|olnvmjkn fla smxvdMn nd lpkzvl z|gkjklnvl lwkflnjkm zdhxl adz hlnlgkjkdz fl am sxdgkampkz mnvkokjxdhkmnm x|vknmxkm ln smxvd dsl/

xmvkwd! nd dhzvmnvl |nm Xlwkzkn Zkzvlovkjm fl Jdj`xmnl fl 8336! lnjdnvx |n lnzm{d jankjd }|l knja|{:;: o|elxlz }|l g|lxdn aalwmfmz m smxvd knzvx|olnvmfd jdn wmj||o d gxjlsz zl |vkaku 8 bo fl JlgdvlvmnK.W a|lbd fla sknumoklnvd fla jdxfn (n ? =;8+ { zl jdosmx jdn |n jdnvxda zkn vxmvmoklnvd mnvkhkvkjd (n ?83=+ zl xlsdxv zklvl jmzdz fl Lnfdolvxkvkz ln la bx|sd jdnvxda9 { nknb|nd! ln la bx|sd fl mnvkhkvkjd m|n/}|l am fkglxlnjkm nd g|l zkbnkgkjmvkwm smxm am lzvmfzvkjm! am xlf|jjkn fl am vmzm fl xklzbd g|l fl ;:, (XX3.329 ;


106/201

==;Mvlnjkn fla Smxvd knzvx|olnvmfd

Hkhakdbxmgm

=. Flsmxvmolnvd zma|f xlsxdf|jvkwm l knwlzvkbmjkdnlz jdnlpmz. Omnled fl amz jdosakjmjkdnlz fla lohmxm/ud { smxvd5 B|m smxm dhzvlxkjlz { ofkjdz. S/:;. DSZ D

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