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Graphic ArtsGraphic Arts

What is GraphicWhat is Graphic CommunicationsCommunications??

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GraphicGraphic Communications Communications is…is…

•The act of transferring information from creature to creature, person to person, and point to point.

•Ways of using printed images to convey a message

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History of Graphic Communications

•Simplest form of communication: facial expression or gestures

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Stop!Stop!

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History of Graphic Communications

•Members of early civilizations used – Sounds– Cries– Screams– Gestures to communicate

•Tribal language resulted

%#$@&*(#@!!!

OUCH!

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History of Graphic Communications

•15,000 BC – Cave paintings from Paleolithic to Neolithic period

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3000 BC Egyptian hieroglyphic writing, meaning "sacred writing”

developed, which were alphabetic, syllabic and determinative

•Egyptians made a Egyptians made a material called material called papyrus papyrus to write onto write on

•They made ink from They made ink from cuttlefishcuttlefish

•They made pens from They made pens from hollow reeds, bamboo, hollow reeds, bamboo, and feathersand feathers

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1,000 BC – Carved or scratched signs and simple figures called Petroglyphs on cliff walls at Newspaper Rock, Utah

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1000 BC Greeks adopt the Phoenician alphabet but change five

consonants to vowels A,E,I,O,U, creating a true phonetic alphabet

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500 BC Roman alphabet, adopted from the Greeks, comprised of

23 letters (ABCDEFGHIKLMNOPQRSTVXYZ) and simplified letter names to a, b, c

105 AD•Paper was invented in China, Ts'ai Lun, a high official, reported his invention of paper making to Emperor Ho, using tree bark, cloth and hemp paper

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751 AD Paper making technology from the Chinese travels to the

West via the Silk Route

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1450 AD Johann Gutenberg invents moveable type matrices in

black letter style consisting of 300 letters, ligatures, abbreviations and the printing press, and prints 42-line Bible

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1639 AD Stephen Daye, a locksmith from England, emigrates to

Cambridge, Mass and founds the first printing establishment in America

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1704 AD First American news weekly 'The Boston News-Letter'

published by John Campbell in Boston, Mass

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1728 AD Benjamin Franklin begins publishing the 'Pennsylvania

Gazette', importing type from England

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1839 AD Daguerreotype photography, a system of developing images on metal

plates coated with silver oxide, developed by Louis Jacques Daguerre in France

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The first authenticated image of AbrahamLincoln was a daguerreotype of him as U.S.Congressman elect in 1846

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1886 AD Line-casting keyboard typesetting machine

invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler, coined the 'line-o-type' by Whitelaw Reid, editor of the New York Tribune

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1905 AD Ira Rubel develops offset lithography using a rubber blanket to transfer the image

from zinc plate to paper

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1975 Ed Roberts coined the term personal computer when he introduced the Altair 8800

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Today the Altair is widely recognized as the spark that led to the microcomputer revolutionIts first programming language was Microsoft’s founding product. Altair BASIC

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•1984 AD 1984 AD

Steve Jobs introduces the Steve Jobs introduces the first Macintosh computer to the first Macintosh computer to the world during a commercial world during a commercial during Super bowl XVIII (18). during Super bowl XVIII (18). It was called the MacintoshIt was called the Macintosh

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How many of you have an Ipod or an Iphone?

This is the great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great Grandad ofYour Ipod!!!

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As you can tell Graphic As you can tell Graphic Communication is always Communication is always changing and will continue to changing and will continue to change as long as there are change as long as there are people to invent new people to invent new technologies!!!technologies!!!