grapes of uk - weebly
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GRAPES OF United Kingdom
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GEOGRAPHY OF UK
• Regions of the UK
• England
• Scotland
• Northern Ireland
• Wales
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GEOGRAPHY OF THE UK• The 10 tallest mountains in UK are in
Scotland
• River Thames is the major River in London
• Lochness is the largest lake based on water volume
• Atlantic Ocean, English Channel, North Sea, and Irish Sea form “borders.”
• Most of UK (except northern portions) have a “temperate” type of climate because of the Atlantic Gulf Stream (cold/cool winters & Hot/Warm Summers)
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RELIGION IN UK• Richard I (The Lionheart)
• 12th century King who famously agreed to go on 3rd Crusade
• Famous for his battles with Islamic Leader Saladin
• Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups.
• The 1st Crusade was called for by Pope Urban II in 1095 and ended in 1099 with the establish of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
• Horrible Histories: The Crusades
• https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2wpzz0
Crusades 1096AD until 1204AD
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RELIGION IN UK
• Most of UK belongs to the Church of England (The Queen is the head of the Church)
• Result of Henry VIII battle with Church
• Northern Ireland is know as a Protestant / Catholic divide (Ireland is Catholic and Northern Ireland is Church of England)
• the conflict in this region has been fairly ongoing since Reformation (through since 1997 has seen peace with Dayton Treaty)
Westminster Abbey
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RELIGION IN UK• Most famous Religion “Event” in England was Henry the VIII
(Henry Tudor) & his battle with Catholic Church
• Henry VIII was “Defender of the Faith” (Catholic), but wanted a male heir.
• Tried to get divorce from wife Catherine, but not allowed by Pope.
• To bypass Pope, Henry created the Church OF England versus the old and Catholic Church IN England
• A major difference is that Henry (i.e. King was the head of the church instead of the Pope)
• Made England Protestant nation
• This battle is during/part of the Reformation that Martin Luther Started (16th Century—-i.e. 1500s)
• His Children would fight this battle over religion:
• Edward VI: Protetant (Son of Jane Seymour)
• “Bloody” Mary: Catholic (Catherine’s daughter)
• Elizabeth I (Protestant) (Daughter of Anne Boleyn)
HENRY VIII
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ACHIEVEMENTS • British Empire 1497 - 1997
• Began during the “Age of Exploration” (1497) when John Cabot landed in Newfoundland Canada sailing for English.
• French & Indian (or 7 Years War)
• Scramble for Africa during 19th century
• Control of India
• American Revolution
• Lost Colony (Outer Banks)
• Jamestown (1607)-first successful American Colony
• 1997 Hong Kong returned to China
British Empire at its Height 1921 “The Sun Never Set on the
British Empire”
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ACHIEVEMENTS • Elizabeth I’s reign (Henry VIII’s daughter) is
often referred to as the “Golden Age” of English history
• Spanish Armanda defeated 1588AD
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UBBcuF9YJK0
• Shakespeare—often considered the greatest writer in the English language
• created over 10,000 words
• Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, MacBeth, Othello, Richard III, etc.
• Many things today are STILL influenced by Shakespeare (The Lion King being a major example)
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ACHIEVEMENTS • Industrial Revolution arose in the British
Empire from roughly 1760-1840.
• going from hand products to machine products (factory system)
• Advances in chemical and iron manufacturing
• Effects:
• would begin push for more labor laws (work hours, age requirements etc.)
• movement to cities for jobs
• Horrible Histories: industrial revolution
• https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2m0xbq
Key terms associated with periodFYI: the latter period is the beginnings of the “Victorian Age” named after the
then Queen
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POLITICAL SYSTEM • 1066 AD established England with William the Conquer
after the Battle of Hastings
• The Bayeux Tapestry reflects the battle of Hastings
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtGoBZ4D4_E
• Magna Carta:
• 1215 AD document that established that King was bound to same “common” laws as subjects
• I.e.—King John could not go around just doing everything / anything that he wanted
• Elizabeth I’s death brought Scottish King James I to English throne (i.e. the United Kingdoms)
• FYI: Wales under English since 1300s (roughly) & Edward I
• James I’s son Charles I would be overthrown by Oliver Cromwell (and beheaded) setting in place the current Constitutional Monarchy that would be firmly established with William & Mary
Charles I’s Head
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POLITICAL SYSTEM• Constitution Monarchy
- System of government in which a monarch (see monarchy) shares power with a constitutionally organized government
•From Glorious Revolution until today •Opening of Parliament •https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9o65Ap7nC8w
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ECONOMICS • Based on GDP British Economy is the 5th largest in world
• GDP (or Gross Domestic Product) is the final amount of all goods and services produced in a given year.
• IS CURRENTLY PART OF EU (does NOT use Euro), and is scheduled to leave EU in 2019 as part of Brexit
• Major Resources include: • Coal, • petroleum, • natural gas - found in the British sector of the North Sea • zinc • tin, • limestone, • iron ore, • salt, • slate • clay, • chalk, • gypsum, • lead, • silica, • arable land
The Top 6 Economies Based on GDP
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ECONOMICS • London is arguably the most influential city on earth. (Capital
of England & UK)
• The most visit international city on earth
• Most busy city airport
• numerous financial centers HQ’ed there
• Major trade being on the Thames
• major tourism
• 4 World Heritage Sites within the city
• Top Gear Race across London:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkOzNK4l8KY
• Other Capitals & industrial centers within UK:
• Belfast (Northern Ireland)
• Edinburgh (Scotland)
• Cardiff (Wales)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1BXKsQ2nbno
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SOCIAL STRUCTURE
• Life expectancy in UK is 81
• Literacy Rate in UK is 99%
• Home to Oxford & Cambridge Universities
• A Rhodes Scholarship at Oxford is possibly the most precocious academic award
Cambridge
Oxford
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