Government:Government:Forms, Changes, Forms, Changes,

and Economic and Economic SystemsSystemsMr. StokesMr. Stokes

SJHSSJHS

Purposes of GovernmentPurposes of Government

Provides SERVICES for the people.Provides SERVICES for the people. Provides an orderly society through Provides an orderly society through

LAWS and LAW ENFORCEMENT. LAWS and LAW ENFORCEMENT. (anarchy?)(anarchy?)

Provides for NATIONAL DEFENSE.Provides for NATIONAL DEFENSE. Provides an ECONOMIC SYSTEM to Provides an ECONOMIC SYSTEM to

spread the wealth of the state. spread the wealth of the state.

GovernmentGovernment

A A STATESTATE has 4 has 4 characteristics:characteristics:

PP TT SS GG

There are There are 3 3 levelslevels of of government in government in the U.S.the U.S.

LocalLocal StateState National/FederalNational/Federal

Types of GovernmentTypes of Government AutocracyAutocracy- One person rules - One person rules Types: Types: DictatorshipDictatorship (Germany in the 1930’s) (Germany in the 1930’s) MonarchyMonarchy (Saudi Arabia or G.B. (Saudi Arabia or G.B.

today)today) OligarchyOligarchy- Small Group rules.- Small Group rules. Usually associated with Communism (China or Usually associated with Communism (China or

North Korea today)North Korea today) DemocracyDemocracy- the people rule. Power to rule is - the people rule. Power to rule is

held by the people of the country. (U.S.A)held by the people of the country. (U.S.A) TheocracyTheocracy- Government is controlled by a - Government is controlled by a

religious element such as a church, mosque, or religious element such as a church, mosque, or leader. (Iran) leader. (Iran)

““RULE WITH AN IRON RULE WITH AN IRON FIST”FIST”

Characteristics of Characteristics of DictatorshipsDictatorships

Controlled PressControlled Press Totalitarian- total control over the peopleTotalitarian- total control over the people Force or the threat of Force by the Force or the threat of Force by the

military or state police against the peoplemilitary or state police against the people Propaganda- lies, misinformation, half Propaganda- lies, misinformation, half

truths about the government or an enemytruths about the government or an enemy Gun control… unarmed civiliansGun control… unarmed civilians Controlled elections if anyControlled elections if any

DictatorsDictators

Leaders of MonarchiesLeaders of Monarchies

Leaders in TheocracyLeaders in Theocracy

Characteristics of Characteristics of DemocracyDemocracy

Individual Individual Rights/FreedomRights/Freedom Majority RuleMajority Rule Free and Open electionsFree and Open elections Competing political partiesCompeting political parties Military used for the defense of the Military used for the defense of the

peoplepeople Free PressFree Press Principle of Principle of CompromiseCompromise Equality Equality of the people in the countryof the people in the country

Types of DemocracyTypes of Democracy

Representative Representative Democracy-Democracy-

1. large groups1. large groups

2. people elect others2. people elect others

to make decisionsto make decisions

A. LincolnA. Lincoln- - Government of “the Government of “the people, by thepeople, by the people, people, for the people”for the people”

Direct Direct Democracy-Democracy-

1. small groups1. small groups

2. everyone in the 2. everyone in the group group

helps make the helps make the

decisionsdecisions

LEADERS in A LEADERS in A DEMOCRACYDEMOCRACY

Social Contract TheorySocial Contract Theory

John LockeJohn Locke Thomas HobbsThomas Hobbs Basis for Democratic Ideals in AmericaBasis for Democratic Ideals in America

1)1) The people give government the power The people give government the power to ruleto rule

2)2) Government is created for the Government is created for the protection of allprotection of all

3)3) When government becomes abusive, When government becomes abusive, the people can change it.the people can change it.

Changes in Government Changes in Government

Peaceful ElectionsPeaceful Elections (Democracies) (Democracies) RevolutionRevolution- an uprising of the people of - an uprising of the people of

a country to overthrow those in powera country to overthrow those in power

*The seed of Revolution is Repression”.*The seed of Revolution is Repression”.

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson Coup d’ tat-Coup d’ tat- a violent overthrow of a a violent overthrow of a

country’s leader from within the country’s leader from within the government usually by an assassination government usually by an assassination (Dictatorships)(Dictatorships)

Coup d’tat GameCoup d’tat Game

DictatorDictatorSec of State Sec of Defense Sec of Sec of State Sec of Defense Sec of

TreasuryTreasuryAsst Sec Asst Sec Asst SecAsst Sec Asst Sec Asst SecUnder Sec Under Sec Under SecUnder Sec Under Sec Under Sec Points=PowerPoints=Power Rounds Rounds AdvisorsAdvisors Three in a row Three in a row Code wordCode word Secrecy and TrustSecrecy and Trust Peasants are powerlessPeasants are powerless Coup vs RevolutionCoup vs Revolution

New SS Grading SystemNew SS Grading System

All grades/ assignments still countAll grades/ assignments still count Each student grades will be added to Each student grades will be added to

class totalclass total Each hour will be motivated to work Each hour will be motivated to work

as a TEAMas a TEAM At the end of the semester, class total At the end of the semester, class total

will be divided and averaged.will be divided and averaged. Each student in each hour will receive Each student in each hour will receive

the class average.the class average.

ECONOMIC ECONOMIC SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

CapitalismCapitalism

SocialismSocialism

CommunismCommunism

CapitalismCapitalism Private ownership of property,Private ownership of property, Free enterprise, competition among Free enterprise, competition among

business, business, profits and incentive for the people,profits and incentive for the people, wealth is held by those who make it, wealth is held by those who make it, Government provides basic services Government provides basic services

only. only. (Adam Smith developed theory of (Adam Smith developed theory of

capitalism) (U.S.A)capitalism) (U.S.A)

SocialismSocialism

Socialism has some private ownership of Socialism has some private ownership of propertyproperty

Government owns most means of Government owns most means of production production

Higher taxes used to distribute wealth Higher taxes used to distribute wealth Fewer incentives for creativity/hard Fewer incentives for creativity/hard

workwork Government provides most services. Government provides most services.

CommunismCommunism Government owns the means Government owns the means

of production (land, of production (land, factories)factories)

Everything is produced for Everything is produced for the “State”. the “State”.

Very little private ownership Very little private ownership or incentives. High Taxes.or incentives. High Taxes.

Wealth is “distributed” Wealth is “distributed” through society. In reality the through society. In reality the wealth is enjoyed by those in wealth is enjoyed by those in power and no one else. power and no one else.

““Marxism” because of Karl Marxism” because of Karl MarxMarx. .

__________________________________________Dictatorships Dictatorships Democracy DemocracyCommunism Socialism Communism Socialism Capitalism Capitalism

MORE MORE LESS LESS GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENTLESS LESS MORE MORE INCENTIVES INCENTIVES INCENTIVESINCENTIVES

CREATECREATEYOUR YOUR OWN OWN

STATE STATE ASSIGNMENTASSIGNMENT