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Digitally signed by Craig Donlon

DN: cn=Craig Donlon,

o=European Space Agency,

ou=ESTEC,

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c=NL

Date: 2015.01.24 21:31:20 +01'00'


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1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 8

1.1. Purpose and scope ................................................................................................................ 9

1.2. Document structure .............................................................................................................. 91.3. Applicable Documents ......................................................................................................... 9

1.4. Reference documents ........................................................................................................... 9

1.4.1. Publications ................................................................................................................... 9

1.4.2. Web sites ..................................................................................................................... 10

1.5. Acronyms and abbreviations.............................................................................................. 10

2. Background and vision ............................................................................................................. 12

3. User participation ...................................................................................................................... 15

3.1. User consultation meetings ................................................................................................ 15

3.2. Newsletters ......................................................................................................................... 16

3.3. Globcurrent project web portals......................................................................................... 16

3.4. External communication .................................................................................................... 16

3.5. New users ........................................................................................................................... 16

4. User requirements analysis ....................................................................................................... 17

4.1. Application domains .......................................................................................................... 17

4.2. Area of Interest .................................................................................................................. 17

4.3. Driving requirements ......................................................................................................... 18

4.4. Product Requirements ........................................................................................................ 19

4.4.1. Nomenclature and symbology .................................................................................... 19

4.4.2. Coverage ..................................................................................................................... 19

4.4.3. Spatial resolution ........................................................................................................ 19

4.4.4. Temporal resolution/revisit ......................................................................................... 20

4.4.5. Format ......................................................................................................................... 20

4.4.6. Flags and auxiliary data .............................................................................................. 21

4.4.7. Quality indicator and metrics ...................................................................................... 21


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4.4.8. Length of data record required .................................................................................... 21

4.4.9. Delivery timeliness ..................................................................................................... 21

4.4.10. Other product aspects ................................................................................................ 21

4.5. Service requirements .......................................................................................................... 22

4.5.1. Documentation ............................................................................................................ 22

4.5.2. Help and support ......................................................................................................... 22

4.5.3. Feedback ..................................................................................................................... 22

4.5.4. Data access and delivery ............................................................................................. 23

4.5.5. Data visualisation ........................................................................................................ 23

4.5.6. Data discovery ............................................................................................................ 23

4.5.7. Validation data ............................................................................................................ 23

5. User requirements summary ..................................................................................................... 25

5.1. Area of interest ................................................................................................................... 25

5.2. Product format ................................................................................................................... 25

5.3. Product content .................................................................................................................. 26

5.4. Product quality and flags ................................................................................................... 27

5.5. Timelines............................................................................................................................ 27

5.6. Delivery.............................................................................................................................. 27

5.7. Service................................................................................................................................ 28

5.8. Document ........................................................................................................................... 28

5.9. Validation ........................................................................................................................... 29

5.10. Feedback .......................................................................................................................... 29

5.11. Users ................................................................................................................................ 29

6. Summary ................................................................................................................................... 31

7. ANNEX I User requirements forms ...................................................................................... 32

7.1. Invitation letter ................................................................................................................... 32

7.2.User requirements questionnaire ........................................................................................ 36

7.3. User requirements letter of commitment ........................................................................... 39

8. ANNEX II Group directories ................................................................................................. 40

8.1. Demonstration committee .................................................................................................. 40

8.2. Scientific committee .......................................................................................................... 41

8.3. Champion, regular, and interested users ............................................................................ 42

8.4. Champion and regular users ............................................................................................... 42

8.5. Interested users................................................................................................................... 49

9. ANNEX III Documented user requirements.......................................................................... 50

9.1. Main user application areas ............................................................................................... 50

9.2. Specific User Needs ........................................................................................................... 58


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9.3. User area of interest (AOI) ................................................................................................ 64

9.4. Ocean surface current product requirements ..................................................................... 68

9.5. Documentation requirements ............................................................................................. 77

9.6. Ocean current nomenclature requirements ........................................................................ 79

9.7. Other ocean surface current product requirements ............................................................ 81

9.8. Application specific requirements ..................................................................................... 84

9.8.1. UKMO ........................................................................................................................ 84

9.8.2. DMI ............................................................................................................................. 84

9.8.3. NCEP .......................................................................................................................... 84

9.8.4. ECMWF ...................................................................................................................... 85

9.8.5. SMHI .......................................................................................................................... 86

9.8.6. MF ............................................................................................................................... 86

9.8.7. KNMI .......................................................................................................................... 86

9.8.8. IMRCC ........................................................................................................................ 86

9.8.9. USCG .......................................................................................................................... 87

9.8.10. AOML ....................................................................................................................... 87

9.8.11. NODC ....................................................................................................................... 88

9.8.12. INCOIS ..................................................................................................................... 88

9.8.13. BSH ........................................................................................................................... 89

9.8.14. EMSA ....................................................................................................................... 89

9.8.15. IFREMER ................................................................................................................. 90

9.8.16. JPL ............................................................................................................................ 90

9.8.17. JCOMM .................................................................................................................... 90

9.8.18. OA ............................................................................................................................. 91

9.8.19. MG ............................................................................................................................ 91

9.8.20. MG ............................................................................................................................ 92

9.8.21. PFCAL ...................................................................................................................... 92

9.8.22. ADRENA .................................................................................................................. 93

9.8.23. CMA ......................................................................................................................... 93

9.8.24. CLS ........................................................................................................................... 94

9.8.25. SO ............................................................................................................................. 94

9.8.26. MERC ....................................................................................................................... 95

9.8.27. MSS .......................................................................................................................... 95

9.8.28. BC ............................................................................................................................. 96

9.8.29. TOT ........................................................................................................................... 97

9.8.30. NOV .......................................................................................................................... 97

9.8.31. EMEC ....................................................................................................................... 98


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9.8.32. TCE ........................................................................................................................... 98

9.8.33. HRW ......................................................................................................................... 99

9.8.34. SATOC ..................................................................................................................... 99

9.8.35. UoN ......................................................................................................................... 100

9.8.36. CSIR ........................................................................................................................ 100

9.8.37. UoC ......................................................................................................................... 100

9.8.38. PML ........................................................................................................................ 101

9.8.39. CNR (Pisa) .............................................................................................................. 101

9.8.40. ICIT ......................................................................................................................... 102

9.8.41. PO ........................................................................................................................... 102

9.8.42. UHI ......................................................................................................................... 102

9.8.43. CEDRE ................................................................................................................... 103

9.8.44. UoM ........................................................................................................................ 103

9.8.45. CUT......................................................................................................................... 104

9.8.46. NERSC .................................................................................................................... 104

9.8.47. ERI .......................................................................................................................... 105

9.8.48. LEGOS .................................................................................................................... 105

9.8.49. BMT ........................................................................................................................ 105

9.8.50. MAERSK ................................................................................................................ 106

9.8.51. NIVA....................................................................................................................... 106

9.8.52. PDE ......................................................................................................................... 107

9.8.53. DOMMRS ............................................................................................................... 107

9.8.54. CLIVAR .................................................................................................................. 108

9.8.55. RES ......................................................................................................................... 109

9.8.56. IRCG ....................................................................................................................... 109

9.8.57. FSU ......................................................................................................................... 109

9.8.58. CRMC ..................................................................................................................... 110

9.8.59. MHI ......................................................................................................................... 110

9.8.60. HGZ ........................................................................................................................ 112

9.8.61. UoK ......................................................................................................................... 112

9.8.62. MAIN ...................................................................................................................... 113

9.8.63. NOC ........................................................................................................................ 113

9.8.64. FIO .......................................................................................................................... 114

9.8.65. AZTI ....................................................................................................................... 114

9.9. Validation data ................................................................................................................. 115

9.10. Existing activities relevant to GlobCurrent.................................................................... 117

9.11. User feedback preferences ............................................................................................. 122


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9.12. Other information relevant to GlobCurrent ................................................................... 125


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Table 1: List of established champion and regular users. ............................................................. 48

Table 2: List of interested new users. ........................................................................................... 49


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Thanks to satellite and in situobservations, combined with high resolution numerical oceanmodels, the last decade has witnessed the emergence of a global view of the ocean surface

covered with mesoscale (~100 km) and sub-mesoscale (


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The GlobCurrent project is blessed with a vibrant and engaged group of users, who began toidentify their requirements well in advance of project kickoff in October 2013. Initial

consultations with ESA resulted in a synthesis of requirements that was compiled in aseparate User Requirements Document (URD) in early 2013. Thus, the present URD inherits

this established group of users and an analysis of their requirements, which this GlobCurrent

DUE project is designed to address. The evolution of this document captures new users, a

solicitation of their requirements, and their responses. Based on the earlier ESA

consultations, this document also summarizes the projects main points of contact, the

derivation of a collective set of requirements, and the general requirements themselves. More

detailed requirements, addressing mainly the implementation of a surface current analysis

system, can be found in the project requirements baseline document (RB deliverable D-40).

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This document is organized into the following sections:

Section 1 (this section) is an introduction with references

Section 2 provides a document background and project overview

Section 3 outlines user interactions via the projects main points of contact

Section 4 describes how collective requirements are derived from user responses

Section 5 provides a set of user requirements for the project

Section 6 is a summary and conclusions

The Annexes list all users and external partners and provide the forms used to solicituser requirements and the responses that have been received.

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[AD-1] ESA Data User Element (DUE) GlobCurrent User Requirement Document (URD)EOP-SM/2451/CD-cd, Issue 1, Revision 3, 05/03/2013

[AD-2]

Statement of Work for DUE GlobCurrent project (SoW), EOP-SM/2450, Issue 2, 26

March 2013

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The following are the publications and web sites relevant to this document.

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[RD-1] Larnicol, G., Guinehut, S., Rio, M.-H., Drevillon, M., Faugere, Y., and Nicolas, G.

2006, The global observed ocean products of the French Mercator project, in:

Proceedings of the 15 years of progress in radar altimetry ESA Symposium, ESA,

Venice, 2006.

[RD-2] Bonjean F. and G.S.E. Lagerloef, 2002, Diagnostic Model and Analysis of the Surface

Currents in the Tropical Pacific Ocean,J. Phys. Ocean., 32, 2938-2954.

[RD-3] Madec G. 2008: "NEMO ocean engine". Note du Pole de modlisation, Institut Pierre-

Simon Laplace (IPSL), France, No 27 ISSN No 1288-1619


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[WEB-1]GlobCurrent external web site www.globcurrent.org

[WEB-2]GlobCurrent internal web site globcurrent.nersc.no

[WEB-3]

DUE web site due.esrin.esa.int

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AATSR Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (of ENVISAT)ADB Actions Data BaseAMSRE Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E (of EoS Aqua)AQUARIUS Salinity mission (of NASA/CONAE)ASAR Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (of ENVISAT)ASCAT Advanced SCATterometer (of MetOp)ATBD Algorithm Theoretical Basis DocumentAVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

CDR Critical Design ReviewDIR Directory (of project participants)DMSP Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (of the USA)ENVISAT Environnent Satellite (http://envisat.esa.int)ESA European Space AgencyEO Earth ObservationEU European UnionFR Final ReportHs Significant Wave Height (also SWH)ITT Invitation To TenderKO Kick-OffMR Monthly ReportMTR Mid-Term Review

NOP Numerical Ocean PredictionNWPOSC

Numerical Weather PredictionOcean surface current

PAR Preliminary analysis reportPM Progress meetingPMP Project Management PlanPMR Passive Microwave RadiometryRA-2 Radar Altimeter 2 (of ENVISAT)RB Reference BaselineRD Reference Document

SAR Synthetic Aperture RADARSAR Scientific Assessment Report (of SOS)SAP Scientific Analysis PlanSIAR Scientific and Impact Assessment ReportSMOS Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (mission)SOS Surface Ocean Salinity and Synergy (project)SoW Statement of WorkSRR System Requirements ReviewSSH Sea Surface HeightSSM/I Special Sensor Microwave Imager (of DMSP)SST Sea Surface TemperatureSR Scientific Roadmap

STSE Support to Science ElementTBC To Be Confirmed


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TBD To Be DeterminedTDP Technical Data PackageTDS Test Data SetTN Technical Note (short report 10-50 pages)TOA Top of AtmosphereTRUCM

Technical Report (long report > 50 pages)User Consultation Meeting

UMURD

User ManualUser Requirements Document

URL Universal Resource LocatorWP Work Package


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oceanic circulation and an unequalled view of eddy kinetic energy on a global scale. Still, theconventional coarse ground track spacing of an individual altimeter is known to limit cross-track resolution to several hundred km. Similarly, multiple altimeters yield gridded maps of

sea surface height (SSH) that is limited to a resolution of about 100 km and 10 days. This so-

called "altimetry gap" has prompted attempts to combine the lower resolution altimeter data

with sequences of medium and higher resolution satellite and in situ observations.

Direct and indirect estimates of ocean surface current and higher level derived quantities such

as frontal boundaries can indeed be derived using a variety of satellite sensors, including

altimetry (both conventional and SAR mode), gravimetry, SAR imaging and Doppler

properties, scatterometry, optical (VIS and TIR) and passive microwaves. Sparse in-situcurrent measurements from drifting and moored buoys, coastal HF-radar installations, Argo

floats, gliders and ship observations can also complement these satellite measurements. Each

of these satellite and in-situ based measurement techniques has specific strengths and

limitations (e.g., resolution, coverage, accuracy, depth integration, cloud dependence,

empirical based retrieval methods, etc). By development and use of systematic data merging

and sensor synergy combined with advanced processing tools and simulation models, thecomplementary strength of each sensing technique can be optimized. Deficiencies are

thereby reduced and the final estimate of the OSC is more consistent, regular and reliable. In

turn, the use and uptake of satellite based OSC derived products will grow.

Figure 2: GlobCurrent architecture with flow of information through key subsystems

(coloured backgrounds): processing algorithms and products (blue), validation (purple), user

case studies (dark green), data management (brown), and communication and user interface

(light green).

The GlobCurrent project is designed to re-map the worlds ocean surface currents from a

growing synergy of past and present observations and to conduct a series of user-led casestudies that resolve high spatial and temporal variability and the underlying processes that


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govern surface current dynamics. An overview of the project architecture is given in Fig. 2.This includes data ingestion, formatting, quality control, and processing to L2 and L4

products (blue), a data management system for all data within the project (i.e. the input EO

and in situ data, products, validation reports, etc; brown), validation (purple) coupled to user-

led case studies (dark green), and a data delivery and communication system interfaced to

users (light green).

GlobCurrent aims to exploit the widest possible range of EO capabilities and to deliver at its

conclusion a nowcasting system with a more firmly established user group and easy internet

access. References for such an operational service are SURCOUFand OSCAR[RD-1, RD-

2]. These processing systems provide near real time global ocean surface velocity fieldsbased on satellite observations of sea surface height, wind, and temperature (OSCARs

regional focus is the tropical Pacific Ocean). Both systems are subject to extensive validation

and error analysis, and are applicable to ocean, climate, and basic research challenges. The

SURCOUF and OSCAR user base derives from complementary national monitoring (e.g.,

NOAA CoastWatch) and climate prediction programs, broad research initiatives, naval

operational ocean analysis programs, and other civilian uses. Some of these users have also

identified themselves within the GlobCurrent project.

The basis for ocean current analysis systems like SURCOUF and OSCAR is a linear

combination of current components. Nevertheless, high resolution current analyses will

require significant advances in processing tools and sensor synergy to allow the

complementary strengths of ocean current sensors to be optimized. In the first year of the

GlobCurrent project, global estimates of ocean surface current are provided at relatively largescales and low frequencies (e.g., those greater than about 20 days and 200 km), following in

part the SURCOUF approach. Among these first GlobCurrent products to be produced are a

global, three-hourly, two-level (0-m and 15-m) reanalysis for 2010-2012 that combines anestimate of the geostrophic and Ekman wind driven surface currents and provides users with

estimates of data quality.

Subsequent GlobCurrent products target regional, high-resolution mesoscale current featuresand near real time services. Throughout the project, there is a distinction between separable

current components distinguished in part by time and depth scales. The slowest components

are considered to link interior and near-surface processes (and thus have a relatively large

vertical scale, by analogy with foundation SST). Because some users will be looking toward

assimilation, such a balanced and slow current may prove attractive for forecast initialization.

Conventional altimetry, geoid models, passive microwave retrievals, and the notion of acurrent in geostrophic balance is the basis for such an analysis. Accommodation of high

resolution (SAR) altimetry and consistency with patterns in infra-red and ocean colourimagery (particularly in coastal areas) may also be relevant.

One of the goals of this project is to resolve surface current variability on scales as small as

one day and 25 km. Thus, subsequent GlobCurrent products increasingly focus on the fast

current components that respond directly to a combination of wind, wave, and current forcingat the surface. Examples include the well known Ekman, Stokes drift, and wind drift

components. Passive infrared and active microwave satellites are among the instruments thatresolve these components.


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Another objective of this project, as given by its users, is validation and estimation of dataquality (e.g., errors and flags; Fig.2 purple), given observations that are independent of the

analyses. Assessment of a GlobCurrent total surface current can be performed in part using

assimilation systems (e.g., MyOcean) as a reference. However, because assimilation systems

also depend on ocean models [RD-3] that have limited vertical resolution near the surface,

they are not expected to be a reference for all the fast current variations that GlobCurrentaims to resolve. Global and regional observation-based and model-based surface currents are

available at a spatial resolution of about 10 km, often as weekly analyses and daily forecasts.

A complementary assessment of total current including fast variations is also possible usingindependent in situ observations (e.g., Argo and surface drifters), and high resolution remote

sensing (e.g., satellite optical glitter and land-based high frequency radar). User led casestudies (Fig.2, dark green) provide opportunities to pursue this objective at the GlobCurrent

supersites (e.g., over the Orkney and Agulhas regions).

The last decade or two of EO has seen rapid growth in the measurement and interpretation of

ocean surface current information. The arrival of the Sentinel era finds some techniques that

are mature (e.g. altimetry, optical feature tracking), while new satellites (e.g. GOCE, Cryosat,

SMOS) and techniques have emerged (e.g. SAR radial velocities, mean square slope from

glitter patterns, improved geoid models) that promise additional capabilities to resolve ocean

surface currents. This combination of established and newer techniques represents a rich

infrastructure that can support a much greater provision of ocean services than it does now.Among numerous operational analyses and historical reanalyses of the ocean surface current

(both global and local), GlobCurrent will seek to lead the exploitation of EO information.

The remainder of this URD draws from a consensus building exercise initiated by ESA

following an international User Consultation Meeting that was held at IFREMER in Brest,

France on 7-9 March, 2012. This ESA UCM brought together 133 users and experts in the

field of EO (calibration, validation, data merging, algorithm development) and service

delivery together to present their detailed product and service requirements, including user

needs for better ocean currents, measurement of ocean currents from space and in situ, data

blending and analysis techniques for ocean surface currents and data/systems analysis

interspersed with presentations on data management and systems engineering. An ongoing

analysis of the input from this user group yields the requirements that are listed in the next

Section.


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The participation of users prior to kickoff of the GlobCurrent project was essential fordefining the project and will continue to be the basis of its success (even beyond a three-year

timeframe). The early engagement of a representative group of users provided a frameworkthat Champion Users clarify as the project evolves. Following DUE procedure, all users were

required to a) provide a signed statement of detailed user requirements using the template

provided in this document, and b) consider becoming a Champion user within the project by

signing a Letter of Commitment (LOC) to: a) deliver requirements for ocean surface currents

following the template provided below, and b) provide expert advice during the definition of

the GlobCurrent project.

The approach taken to gather user requirements prior to GlobCurrent kickoff was based on:

Direct consultation with the user community at the 2012 User Consultation Meeting,

Requests to define user requirements using a specifically developed questionnaire, Follow up with specific users using email/telephone discussions,

Collective analysis of user feedback and formal enumeration of requirements

Now that the project has kicked off, new users are also asked to formalize their relationship

with the project and Champion Users are committed to:

Demonstrate and evaluate GlobCurrent project outputs in areas of

interest/applications and provide feedback at GlobCurrent User Consultation

Meetings;

Facilitate access to existing data (e.g., in-situ data) that may be useful for the project;

Advise the GlobCurrent consortium in the consolidation of User Requirements during

the initial project phase;

As a user and potential beneficiary of the outcomes of the GlobCurrent project,

contribute three man-months of effort to the project (or an equivalent in-kindcontribution, such as providing access to existing data or services on which the project

can build).

Champion Users are key stakeholders that are fundamental to maintaining a good working

relationship with the GlobCurrent User community throughout the project developmentlifecycle and as end users of the project outcomes. The project has a number of points of

contact for new and existing user participation, which involves an open sharing of ocean

surface current information and on interactions at various fora. An overview is given belowand details are provided in the project Communication and Outreach Management Plan (D-

90).

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1 (T0+12) 12-13 Nov 2014 PML

2 (T0+24) Oct 2015 Ifremer

3 (T0+34) Oct 2016 TBD

For each meeting, attendance of about 30-60 participants is expected where the mainachievements of the project are given by the consortium partners, presentations are given by

the CGUG and by externals users, sessions are organised to collect new or refined

requirements and recommendations that will be taken into account for the next step of the

GlobCurrent project. Promotional brochures will be elaborated and distributed to each

participant (4-8 pages). The main outcome of the meetings will include minutes of the

meetings and an update of the URD (this document).

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As a complement to the brochures that will be published and distributed during the UCM, onenewsletter per year will be published that communicates the progress of the project. It will

consist of 1-4 pages.

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The GlobCurrent website hosted at Ifremer [WEB-1] is where users may register to access

data and receive updates on the news and events. A secondary website at NERSC [WEB-2]

is available for internal use. The project aims to include other social media as it begins to

generate data, updates, and questions.

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The consortium partners will promote the GlobCurrent project and its results at international

events throughout the lifetime of the project.

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New users who come forward or are identified by the consortium (or ESA) will be invited to

fill the Annex I forms (based on what was requested of attendees of the original UCM in

2012). The arrival of newest users will be advertised both internally (via monthly reports)

and possibly in a subsequent newsletter (describing the user and perhaps summarizing its

special requirements). New requirements (i.e., outside the scope of those already addressedby the project) will be addressed by the consortium (and perhaps ESA) at the earliest

opportunity in order to formulate an appropriate response.


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The analysis of user responses is a challenging process that seeks both a collective andcomprehensive assessment of real user needs. The following analysis is inherited from [AD-

1] and is based on the individual user responses tabulated in Annex III. This analysis is thenused to define the numbered requirements of the next section. A consensus for each

requirement is sought and for instances where no consensus is evident, the analyst (ESA or

the GlobCurrent consortium) has sought to define an inclusive collective requirement.

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Section 9.1 lists the individual user application domains. A top-level analysis shows that

ocean and weather numerical forecasting services are the key user applications.

Figure 3:Number of champion and regular users per application sector.

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Section 9.3 presents the geographical areas of interest of most GlobCurrent users. The

overwhelming requirement is for global coverage. However, many regional areas of interest

are requested that have a wide global distribution.


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Figure 4: Areas of interest expressed by GlobCurrent users.

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Section 9.8 has been analysed to derive the driving user requirements for specific applications.

The most common driving requirements are:

Accuracy of the product (implying uncertainty information) is the clear driving

requirement,

Timeliness of productdelivery is the second most common driver, and

NRT data access, format, coverage and resolution of products are also driving

requirements.


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BIBILG7JF9@ )3WF5G3N38@6

Section 9.4, Section 9.6 and Section 9.7 have been used to data-mine GlobCurrent product

requirements based on user inputs.

BIBI!I+7N389=;@FG3 ;8J 6RN>7=7


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It is noted that the spatial resolution is that defined by the data and/or the analysis technique

and is distinct from the data product grid (which may be at a higher resolution than the

effective resolution of the product it contains). Furthermore, the achievable spatial (and

temporal) resolution is governed explicitly by the characteristics of the input data products -

unless a model (stochastic or deterministic) is used to interpolate the data. Thus, theachievable resolution of GlobCurrent products may not be capable of satisfying all user

requirements all of the time.

BIBIBI,3NM7G;= G367=F@578XG34565@

Section 9.4 has been analysed for GlobCurrent temporal resolution/revisit requirements. A

range of user requirements is evident ranging from sub-hourly to monthly composite products.

Figure 5: GlobCurrent temporal resolution requirements.

Based on user needs, GlobCurrent shall target an hourly daily product regime. Hourly

products are required in tidal areas if possible and daily products as a minimum requirement

for all areas. Lower temporal resolution products can be derived from higher resolution

products.

BIBICI

Y7GN;@

Section 9.4 shows that the overwhelming requirement for product format is NetCDF (CF-

Compliant). In addition, many operational users request GRIB2 format products

particularly where email transmission is required as this data format compresses data


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substantially. ASCII, webGIS and other GIS formats are also cited. Some users request ISO-

19115-2 metadata compliance.

BIBIDI

Y=;


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Details of the processing version used to create product linked to documentation,

Separate estimates for tidal and Ekman velocities

Access to underlying data used to create GlobCurrent products,

Clear specification of underlying data used to create a grid point value, and

High-quality geolocation of all data.

BICI-3G4593 G3WF5G3N38@6

BICI!I179FN38@;@578

Section 9.5 details documentation requests made by GlobCurrent users. These include:

Product User Guide including a full description and example of product data formats

and example computer read code for GlobCurrent products,

Descriptions of all algorithms used in the generation of products (Algorithm

Theoretical Baseline Documents ATBD),

Easy to use, but comprehensive, handbook of case-study examples of how to access

and use GlobCurrent data sets, a full description of all QC and other flags with

examples of their use,

An extensive Technical Specification that explains how data were processed to

GlobCurrent products,

Product validation reports including an indication of product validity (i.e. quality of

uncertainty/input data etc),

Description of how uncertainty estimates were derived,

Rapid access FAQ for GlobCurrent users, h) An address book of contacts that users

may work with to resolve problems,

Information on the NRT status and performance of the GlobCurrent system with an

alert system if there are problems,

Time series of GlobCurrent Metrics for the processing system, the delivery system(s)

and product performance,

Information on the actual resolution of the data products (as opposed to the simple

grid resolution), Easy access (web-based) to all GlobCurrent documents.

BICI2IZ3=M ;8J 6FMM7G@

A project web site is required and dedicated point of contact for user help is required.

BICIAI

Y33J>;9SSection 9.11 provides user requirements for feedback preferences. The main results are:


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Users prefer email as the main reporting medium both from and to the GlobCurrent

project,

Regular user workshops are requested,

Regular information newsletters are requested,

Facebook and other social media communication tools are requested, An RSS feed of useful up-to-date information is requested, and

A Web Blog for users is requested.

BICIBI1;@; ;99366 ;8J J3=543GR

Section 9.8 provides user requirements on data delivery. The overwhelming request is for

ftp data access. OpenDAP is then the second data access mechanism requestedfollowed

by web (HTTP). Several users specifically request delivery of GRIB2 files by email (for

operational purposes). Other mechanisms including LAS and WMS are also noted by someusers.

BICICI1;@; 456F;=56;@578

Section 9.8 shows that users will use GlobCurrent web tools to visualise data products.

Several users do not require such services. The most appropriate tools will be determined by

the GlobCurrent project.

BICIDI1;@; J569743GR

Section 9.8 indicates that users prefer a single point web-portal including a searchable

catalogue working with product metadata (e.g. Geoportal Server, CSW) to search for

GlobCurrent data.

Several users requested simple data discovery based on ftp site directory/filenames or Google

search engines. Some users have specific requirements (e.g. ADS Environmental Data

Server used by the US Coast Guard or WMO Information System).

BICIEI[;=5J;@578 J;@;

Section 9.9 shows that many users have access to and can provide substantial validation data

for the GlobCurrent project. Of particular interest is the use of coastal HF-RADAR systems,

global shipping fleets (CMC, MAERSK), Oil and Gas Industry SIMORC data, ADCP

installations and new-technology Glider/floats.

Regular validation reports are requested together with validation metrics (both for the

products and the system) to assure users of the project robustness. Validation is a key


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element of the GlobCurrent project system and shall be automated with performance metric

reporting.


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CI

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A general summary of project requirements is given here based on the analysis of theprevious section. As with the preceding analysis, this enumerated summary is also based on

[AD-1], which in turn, provided a basis for the more specific requirements that were given byESA in its project SoW [AD-2]. In turn, the SoW was the basis for the full set of technical

requirements that now define the projects requirement baseline document (RB D-40). These

three sets of requirements vary somewhat in scope and detail but are all broadly consistent.

Requirements here were identified from one of the following (Source Trace column):

URD: analysis of the user data

REF: peer-reviewed paper

ESA: directly from ESA

Each requirement is also associated with one of the three years of the GlobCurrent project

(Year column) and applies to all subsequent years.

CI!IOG3; 7? 58@3G36@

At least 10 areas of interest will be employed by the end of the project for validation, testing

of methods, and system development (starting with five areas in the first year). Also,

regional current products will be issued in years two and three.

/1 1369G5M@578-7FG93

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Convenient and popular data formats are employed to facilitate data distribution with an

increasing variety of formats added in later years.

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CIAILG7JF9@ 978@38@

These requirements relate to product spatial and temporal resolution, coverage, data record

length, and delivery timeliness.

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CIEI-3G4593

Initiation of most services begins early in the project to engage users. Optimization of most

services and initiation of a few are (somewhat arbitrarily) held over to demonstrate anevolution in the project.

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DI

-FNN;GR

The present URD inherits an established group of users and an analysis of their requirements,and captures a growing group of new users, a solicitation of their requirements, and their

responses. Following consultations prior to kickoff, this document also summarizes theprojects main points of contact, the derivation of a collective set of requirements, and the

general requirements themselves. More detailed requirements, addressing in part to the

implementation of the project, can be found in the requirements baseline document (RB

deliverable D-40).

The GlobCurrent project seeks to improve the retrieval of ocean surface current information

from a synergy of satellites and facilitate the uptake of ocean surface current observations

within an established community. This is expected to further our understanding of a global

ocean that is filled with meandering surface currents and eddies, whose impact we are now

faced with the challenge of more accurately quantifying.


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O++*] // ^ #G7FM J5G39@7G536

Listed here are the project Demonstration and Scientific Committees that were formed at thebeginning of the project. The GlobCurrent User Consultation Meeting that was held at

Ifremer in Brest, France on 7-9 March, 2012 resulted in many of the established championand regular users listed below. This is followed by a list of users who are interested in

following the progress of GlobCurrent.

HI!I13N786@G;@578 97NN5@@33

Areas of expertise

Mathieu Rouault Broad experience in ocean-atmosphere interaction, meteorology and climatology. Target

advances in understanding how the ocean dynamics influence the climate of Southern

Africa, atmospheric influences on oceans and ecosystems, satellite remote sensing,

numerical model output and climate data. Also involved in development of a real time

monitoring system around Africa.Fabrice Hernandez Lead validation and assessment activity in MyOcean2. Is proposed to be the led-user for

the case study of the global GlobCurrent surface current project listed above.

Pierre-Marie

Poulain

Expert on surface drifters and responsible for the Mediterranea Surface Drifter

Database. Published an updated estimation of surface currents in the Mediterranen sea

last year.

David Woolf Heriot-Watt, where Dr. D. Woolf works, leads or is a partner in a number of modeling

and in situ studies, including areas around Orkney Is as documented in the following

publications (The dynamics of an energetic tidal channel, the Pentland Firth, Scotland

Easton, M., Woolf, D. K. & Bowyer, P. 1-Oct-2012 In : Continental Shelf Research. 48,

1, p. 50-60, 11 p; Current patterns in the Inner Sound (Pentland Firth) from underway

ADCP data Goddijn-Murphy, L., Woolf, D. K. & Easton, M. Jan-2013 In : Journal of

Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 30, 1, p. 96-111, 16 p.)Johannes Schulz

Stellenfleth

The institute for Coastal Research at HZG , Hamburg, Germany has a long experience

in the operation of coastal observational systems and numerical models. In the

framework of COSYNA a unique observation systems was implemented for the German

Bight. This system in particular includes three HF radar stations, which are ideally

suited as a validation tool for GlobCurrentproducts.

yvind Stra Lead MyWave project. Expert on ocean surface waves and air-sea interaction including

wave-surface current interaction and Stokes drift.

Gus Jeans Experienced and involved in supply of reliable OSC data derivatives to support the full

range of offshore industry applications. This includes long-term historic data to support

engineering design and operability studies, with an increasing expectation for reliable

forecasts to support current sensitive activities.

Grald Bibot Partner Founder Great Circle sprl which is a company in Belgium that undertake andcontribute to operational services using high resolution atmospheric models (WRF),

ship routing and search and rescue.

Knut-Frode

Dagestad

Experienced in electromagnetic propagation, remote sensing of the ocean, in particular

wind and currents, by means of Synthetic Aperture Radar, real-time SAR processing

and analysis, and Doppler signal processing, with a focus on surface wind retrieval.

Johnny A.

Johannessen

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HI2I-9538@5?59 97NN5@@33

Areas of expertise

Kathleen Dohan Expert in turbulence and stratified flows, internal waves, mixed layer

parameterization, wind-driven mixing. Has experience with both laboratory

experiments and numerical simulations to study internal wave generation from a

turbulent mixed region, interaction between turbulence and stratification, use of

mooring data to quantify the dynamics of storm-driven upper ocean mixing during the

fall deepening stage of the mixed layer evolution and its implications for mixed layer

models. At ESR since December 2007 and now working on Ocean Surface Current

Analyses-Real time (OSCAR) and sub-inertial wind-driven surface currents (Ocean

Vector Wind).

Joseph Henry

LaCasce

Leading expert on upper ocean dynamics. Proposed applying the SQG model to

estimate near-surface velocities from SST in 2006. He studies oceanic dynamics and

2-D turbulence and is known for his work on Lagrangian dispersion in the ocean and

atmosphere.

Ad Stoffelen Expert on wind retrieval from satellites. Led the development of the CMOD empirical

model to convert measured radar cross-section to near surface wind speed and

direction. He is also highly experienced with NWP models and data assimilation ofsatellite winds.

Rick Lumpkin His research focuses on upper ocean processes and ocean circulation. As scientific

director of NOAA's Global Drifter Program (GDP) at AOML, he oversees a global

array of ~1250 satellite-tracked drifting buoys measuring ocean temperatures and

surface currents, and has used these data to write a number of peer-reviewed

publications.

yvind Breivik Experienced with coupled modelling of the air-sea interaction and the modulation by

the sea state of energy and momentum fluxes from the atmosphere to the ocean mixed

layer. Currently involved in the process of building a fully coupled model system

where the atmospheric model (IFS) is communicating directly with the ocean model

(NEMO) without an explicit coupler. The wave model (WAM) modulates the fluxes

of momentum and energy from the atmosphere to the ocean.Francisco J O Torres Expert on SAR wave /wind field retrievals and validation. Involved in a new Mexican

initiative to establish an observing system (in-situ, satellite, model based) for the Gulf

of Mexico

Jordi-Isern Fonanet His expertise is in SQG processing of SST and SSH data for upper ocean dynamics

retrievals.

Gus Jeans Experienced and involved in supply of reliable OSC data derivatives to support the

full range of offshore industry applications. This includes long-term historic data to

support engineering design and operability studies, with an increasing expectation for

reliable forecasts to support current sensitive activities.

Bertrand Chapron 5%#6)74 -7;)&4;T;7 7##%,;&'4#%

Johnny A.

Johannessen

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