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General Mills, Inc« Mechanical Division

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ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

DEPARTMENT

2003 EAST HENNEPIN AVENUE

MINNEAPOLIS 13, MINN.

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REPRODUCED

FROM

LOW CONTRAST COPY. ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS

MAY BE OBTAINED ON LOAN

FROM

ARMED SERVICES TECHNICAL INFORMATION AGENCY DOCUMENT SERVICE CENTER

KNOTT BUILDING, DAYTON 2, OHIO

GENERAL MILLS, IBC. Engiiseeri ng Research 8s Development Department

Mechanical Division Minneapolis, Nine.

FHAL REPORT

PROJECT 85017

DATE 17 SEPTEMBER 1953 PREPARED BY: /*££&* Vc^C^ Keith C. Giles

REPORT NO. 1228 APPROVED BY: 3 N' J^'tn J. R. Smith

Balloon and Meteorological Systems Group

I. IBTRODICTIOH

On 1 October 1952, Cot tract Boor-875(00) between General Mill*, Inc.

and the Office of Kaval Iteaenrci* woe amended to provide for the execution

of an experiment designed to carry scientific payloads to high altitudes.

Payloads wore supplied by the Amour Beeearch Fbuniatlon, Chicago, IllincJji.

Qeneral Mill*, xac. supplied "8kyhookn belloone to carry aloft the payloed

instruraants, balloon controls, recording and eafety equipment. The flight*

ware launched by Qeneral Ml 11a technical personnel.

H. PROJECT FROQRAM

A traditional "Skyhook" balloon flight program was outlined for this

project. One flight, #915, was flown from the University of Minnesota. Airport,

Bev Brighton, Minnesota. This flight vaa tracked and recovered by General

Mills, Inc. technical personnel in a Stinson aircraft.

The regaining flights were launched from the Haval Air Station at

Waldron, Texas.

Except as noted below, the equipment included in each flight consisted

of the following:

1. A polyethylene balloon 85 feet in diameter and one mil thick.

2. A 28 foot parachute on which the scientific pay load and balloon

instruments descended to earth after being released from the balloon.

3. A timer set to release the load from the balloon at a predetermined

time when the scientific experiment vaa concluded.

k. A safety device required by the C JV.A., consisting of a pressure

switch set to prevent the balloon from floating below 30.000 ft.

- 2

5. Scientific pay load provided by Armour Research Foundation,

Chicago, Illinois.

6. A radio transmitter whose frequency la aodulabsd by * pressure

sensor.

7. A barograph to record the altitude reached.

8. Two 5-gaHon tine to act as floats for a water impact.

Helium far inflation was provided by the Bevy. Inflation was carried

out with the uee of a platform to keep the "bubble" taut In thj early stages.

The exceptions to the above equipment list is as follove:

1. The flight from Sew Brighton, Minnesota, used a 2* foot parachute,

carried no float tins and used a radio-controlled release. Two control

stations were activate, one transmitter, 100 watts, was located at toe

General Mills Laboratory at Minneapolis; the other transmitter, kO watts,

was carried in the General Mills tracking aircraft. The release was

accomplished from the aircraft.

2. The first two flights from Texas, flights 9^1 and 942, and the

last two flights from Texas, flights Qk9 and 950, carried no float tins.

In addition, flight 950 used a 2k foot parachute.

A total of U flight* were made under this project. The flight per-

formance data are presented in the next section of this report.

One flight, 9hl., gave inaccurate pressure-height data, AS checked

with a theodolite, and another, 9U3, was torn in launching and lost equipment.

Ths remaining 9 flights were all successful in balloon operation, the

accessory balloon equipment showing excellent results and providing the

desired services. It la hoped that the scientific pay load perforaad

satisfactorily and that the entire operation aet with success. General

Mills, Inc. la happy to hare had the opportunity of vcrfcuag vlth the

Office of Iteval Beeoarch and the Armour Research Foundation in carrying

out these

i

Mechanical Division >nci:\3crir.j: Kooearch ard I>3reloimcoi Department

Mlrs«apolio, Wtnr-poota

KLIOK? SUMMARY

ilifiht :Jc; Vij Balloon Serf^l Nc„.: 504

Date: 16 Uctooer 1952 Launching Tine: 0810 T}T»: ^S^ Weight: l<*8f

Who: 8-5017 Anaour Hosearcs? foundation

What; Amour Gondola

Duration: 3 3/*+ hrs. to release bv Loud on Ual'.oon: 122* radio control.

Grow Load: 270T >Vee Lift: 35» 13-#

Maximum Altitude: 98;S00 ft, Hate of Ri3r: 611 ft/oin to 70,000 ft.

Theoretical Altitude: 101,800 Altitude Maintenance: Kxsellent

Recovery: where? 10 Mi SS Republic, Michigan when? Iaw.adiate

Balloon S sccoss: Good

Critique: Air picked up b; cell due to too slow a rate of rise and levelled off bslov theoretical selling. Load released by Church's radio release at Lake Superior's ahore.

Flight Check of Telemetered Sclnttllatlon Counter D«te Sciantlflo furoote:

Scientific Success as known: Good

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OBHEHAL MILLS, IUC. Kn^noorinr. Reesardh and Development Deptrtnent

Minneapolii, Minn

VLIOHT SUMHARY

nir-ht Ko,: 941 Balloon Sorial Ho„: 41?

Ttato: > ^n,v«»ajb«r 1W. I*UT>-hinfi Tine: 0846C Typ*: 85IA Weight: 16J*

Who: 8-5017 - Armour Reeearch Foundation

What: Ardour Gondola Load an Balloon: 11?!*

Duration: Scheduled -4.5 hr». froo 0820; Actual - 3.9 hrto

0ro8» Lead: 2?6# Free Lift: 48* 17#

Meximun Altitude: 95,000 estimated Hate of Rj.se: 1068 ft/ain to 68,350 ft.

Theoretical Altitude: 101,600 ft., Altitudn JiaLn.v-aance: Oood

Recovery: wher-s? none, impact at eea

Jolloon 3ucce8»: Oood

Critique: High rate of rite, did not reach theoretical ceiling toy telemetering though double theodolite reaaings indicate Li.

flight G*cci of Tsisssiiyrii SoiwUiiuuiou Cwasag Ss.ts. Scientific Pu-pooe:

Soitfntiflc Success as known*. Incorrect Altitude Information made calitorct? on impossible.

Mechanical Division angineoring Research and Dorelopment Department

Minneapolis, Hinnoseta

FLIGHT SUMMARY

Flight Wo,: 942 Balloon Serial Wo«: 401

Date: 3 November 1?52 launching Tine: 0630C Typo: 851A * *aight: 126*

Who: 8-5017 Arnour Research foundation

what: AX-BOUT Gondola

Load on Balloon: 11?»

Free Lift: 37r 15*

Rate of Rise: 10*2 ft/aln to 94,100 ft.

Altitude Maintenance: Good

Duration: sch«d« 8 hra. frco 0630 Actual Unknown

Gross Load; 239*

X«cci3tuo Altitude: 95,100

Theoretical Altitude: 104,600

Reco7ory: where? Nona

Balloon Sicceaa: Excellent

Critique: High Initial rate of rise and flight did not reech theoretical oeiling. Maxiowa tieer setting lid not produce recovei/ at anticipated. Scin- tillation telemetering (6425KC) faded bef^ra altitude telemetering (1746KC) faded indicating flight prcce^-d ..eyond skip diatonca.

*o00C5 wall balloon.

Scientific Purpose: Flight O'ceck of xelemeierwd Scintillation Counter ijsta.

Scientific Success as <no*n: Good

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at:i--iAL KTLLS, I:O. Hechajjlcal UiTlBloi

Engineering y«ee»rc>i and ifevftlopaen'. Department Minneapolis, Minnesota

FLIGHT SUMMARY

night »o,: 9^ Balloon Serial Fo„: ^12

Data: H-iJ-52 Launching Tine. 0649C Type: 85U Weight: 161*

Who: 8-501? A-naour rtesearch Foundation

*hat: .Jirreoar Gondola

Duration: Schad. 4 hro. fron 0617 Load on Hilton: 118* actual 3,7 hrs.

Oroes Load: 278 Tree Lift: y*4 \7$

Maxiaum Altitude: 99,200 Rate of Kiss: ^93 f»/»in to 45,250 ft. ' 707 ft/aln to 92,200 ft-.

Theoretical Altitude: 101,400 altitude Maintenance: Good

iieootery: whor*? Wone - lnpact at sea.

Balloon Success: Good

Critique: Sell picked op air on ascent with slow rate of rise due to probable gas measurement error. Teleoetering poor due to operation of second SBG in vicinity.

Scientific Purpose: Flight Check cf TeLeaetervd Scintillation Counter Data.

Scientific Succese as fcnovn: He&r.tirc

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Knîneeriag Keeearch «nd Deyelopracr t Dopartront Minnâtyjlie, Minnesota

rLICHT 5'JMM.vHY

Flight Ko„: 9^5 Balloon Serial «o.: W4

Data: 11-11-52 Launching Tin*: 0651*6 Type: 85IA Weight: 160 l/2

Who: b-5017 Anaour Keeearch Jountation

What: A-nnc .r Gondola

•v - »4 Sched. ^ hre. fron 06^*5 ._. „„ n„,lA.n. 110* -toration: _ ' Load on -Balloon. H9f Actual 3„y are. froa 0651.6

Grose Load: ??9» Tree Lift: 35* 12 l/2*

fexlaua Altitude: 95,1^0 Bate of Kite: 991 ft/«in to 93»900 ft.

Theoretical Altitude: lOl.ÔO Altitude Maintenance: Excellent

xiecovery: where! imact In aea

Balloon Success; Good

Critique: date of rise hirf. and thooreticnl eeill-V, miesed oy 7,000 ft.

Scientific t'urpote: Fllyni Cneck of 'IfclamBterad Scintillation Counter Data.

Scientific Suocees as *<rovr.: êeative

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37.KLKAL MILLS, L*C Mechanical division

Kngineerinc aoscurch wni Development Department HlrM-.aapoll», Minnesota

/LIOHT SUMMA11Y

m^ht *o„: 9^ Balloon Sarial Mo„: 513

Date: 1U November 1952 launching Tiaa: 0816.8C Type: 851A Weight: 14%

Who: 0-5017 Arnour Research foundation

What: Amo-ir Gondola

Oration: sch«d» 3 *»•. fro* C8I5 Load on Balloon: 126* actual 2.9 hrt.

Qrose Load: 270r ?Teo Lift: *5# 1?*

Xaxlaum Altitude: 102,000 Bate of 2ise: 1053 ft/'nin to ?6,000 ft.

Theoretical A-itltud**: 101,900 Altitude Maintenance: Oood

Recovery: where? l«one - impact at eaa

Balloon Success: Excellent

Critiajje: High Initial rate of rise. Beacon apparently free fell as 6*«5 KC signal Tery »eak end 1746 KC wont out 8.1 minutes after release.

Scientific Purpose:

Scientific Success as Known: Ucatlve

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GSKLHAL KILLS, ISC. Mechanical Jivisicj.

domineering Heeearch and J>evelopinon c Dopurtaent Minneapolis, Minnesota

FLIGHT SUMMARY i

Flight too»: 9^7 Walloon Serial No.: 51fc

Datt: 11-19-52 Launching Tine: 06$9»^C Typ«: 85IA Weieht: 1U8

Vho: 8-5012 Armour Raeiwireh Foundation

What: Armour Gondola

Duration: Schad- 8 **•• fra" o653 Load on Balloon: IV* Aotual 7.7 br»„

Orot» Load: 26lf Free Lift'. 3k* \jf>

Maximum Altitude: 99,000 Hate of Rise: 927 ft/mln to 82,500

Theoretical Altitude: 102,800 Altitude Maintenance: Fair

BacoTery: where? Hone - impact at sea

Balloon Success- Good

Critique: High rate of rise and failed to ration theoretical calling 07 5,000 ft Longer duration anployed in endeavor to recover instruments.

Scientific Purpose: Flight Cnack of Telemetered Scintillation Counter Data

Scientific Success as icnovn: Negative

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i&te: 11-22-52 Launching ?li:

*ho: >i-5017 Arno-ir Inttitutf

*hat: Armour Gondola, Beacon

Duration: Sched* 3«* fr0B 06*> actual ").** hr«

Groee Load: 26lf

Maxlavna Altitude: 93t500 ft.

Theoretical Altitude: 102,800 }f

KecoTery: where? *one •- lnpao

Sailoon Succeta: Questionable

Critique: Kote of rlee high ai< tied off loosely, tb launched belleTed re

Scientific Purpoee: _

Scientific Sjcceta a* lenovn: !'•

CKNKHAJ. MH»LS, INC. Mechanical bivieion

tiieineerlng Ueaearoh and DoTelopmnt Dopartraent Minneapolis, Minnesota

VLIOHT StWHAHT

night *c: 9*+9 Balloon Serial Mo„: 515

Date: 11-^^-52 Launching Tine: 0722C Type: 851- **i^t * Ihfr

Who-' J3-50J^ Ar.ao.ir waeurch Vountntion

•"hat: Araour Gondola

Duration: Schad« 3.5 hra. fro* 0720 ^ 0Q Balloon: 116* Actual 3.^ hr«.

Groas Load: 261# i'rao Lift: 37* 1*£

Maximum Altitude: 9^,850 date of Hise: 803 ft/nln to 9^,850 ft.

Theoretical Altitude: 102,300 Altitude Maintenance: Good

A-iacorery: where? None - impact at sea

Balloon Succaaa: Good

Criticua: Ceiling Biased by 8,000 ft. Axtra gun added to coapenaata for eatura- tion of flight soar, nylonaand balloon in rain showers. Very faat launch* QB e«rred wind at MAS Corpus IBS. J OfZfQ.

"il^fct C2:—w zS "Ssiasstsssi ^t'n'--'- Cwmtar Data. Scientific ^urpoae:

Scientific Success as >raovn; 'OgstiTe

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C;>:M>JIAL MILLS, IKC . Mechanical Dirision

ftnglcoeria/, i*cnei».rch and D©Telo;'.•>nt Dcnm ttaent Minneapolis, Mlnne^o'-a

FLIGHT SUMMARY

Flight No.: 950 Balloon Serial Ho.: 517

bate: 11-3C-^ Launching Ti-o: 0822.5C T/pe: 8$1> Weight: I5I*

Who: 6-5017 ivmour "ee-sarc ; Kuindntlon

What: -\r:iour Gondola

Duration: Schsd. 3.5 hr». froa 0810 3.2 hrs. Loud on Balloon: 107#

Oroos LoMd: 258» Free Lift: kjr 17$

Maxinun Altitude: 103,350 Hat* of Hise: ^90 ft/raln to 101,400 ft.

Theoretic*; Altitude: 103,100 Altitude Maintenance: Kxo«ll«nt

iiacoTery- wher?? Mono ~ inpact at aca

•Walloon Sjcceea: Excellent

Critique: *xtra lift added to conpeusate for lot9 of <;as through split inflation tub© approximately 35 f?os appendix, and for rain and mud on flight gear.

Scientific Purpose: ^^ '•"6"* CiiccX oT Tfclduidtcu.'du Cciutliiaiioo Counter Duta

Scientific Succeet at Known: Counter nalfunctioned.

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