GEM Presentation

GEM TeamUSDA-ARS NCRPIS GEM

- December 8, 2004 -

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Quality Trait Quality Trait ResearchResearchSusan DuvickSusan Duvick

Corn Quality Traits Lab Corn Quality Traits Lab ManagerManager

Wet Chemistry Laboratory

PersonnelPersonnel

Susan Duvick, Laboratory Manager Susan Duvick, Laboratory Manager (NCRPIS)(NCRPIS)

Kaily Chang, Research Associate (CICGRU)Kaily Chang, Research Associate (CICGRU) Oswaldo Taboada-Gaytan, Graduate Student Oswaldo Taboada-Gaytan, Graduate Student

(CICGRU)(CICGRU) Joe Van Gorp, Undergraduate Intern Joe Van Gorp, Undergraduate Intern

(CICGRU)(CICGRU) Carli Petersen, Undergraduate Intern Carli Petersen, Undergraduate Intern

(NCRPIS)(NCRPIS) Cooperating scientists and project membersCooperating scientists and project members

Corn Quality Traits LaboratoryCorn Quality Traits Laboratory

Primary FunctionsPrimary Functions Germplasm evaluation for quality traitsGermplasm evaluation for quality traits Method development for new quality traitsMethod development for new quality traits Research leading to high quality corn germplasmResearch leading to high quality corn germplasm

CRIS ProjectsCRIS Projects Germplasm enhancement of maize project (GEM) Germplasm enhancement of maize project (GEM)

(Mike Blanco) (Mike Blanco) Enhancing corn germplasm for quality traits Enhancing corn germplasm for quality traits

(Linda Pollak)(Linda Pollak) Breeding high-quality corn for sustainable, low-Breeding high-quality corn for sustainable, low-

input farming systems (Linda Pollak)input farming systems (Linda Pollak) Quantitative genetics and grain quality of corn Quantitative genetics and grain quality of corn

(Paul Scott and Jode Edwards)(Paul Scott and Jode Edwards)

Current Analytical MethodsCurrent Analytical Methods Whole grain composition (POS) by NIR using sample Whole grain composition (POS) by NIR using sample

sizes from 1 kernel to 1 poundsizes from 1 kernel to 1 pound Specific density by NIR using sample sizes from 1 ear Specific density by NIR using sample sizes from 1 ear

to 1 poundto 1 pound Extractable starch by NIR using sample sizes from 1 Extractable starch by NIR using sample sizes from 1

ear to 1 poundear to 1 pound Starch thermal properties by DSC using sample sizes Starch thermal properties by DSC using sample sizes

from 1 kernel to bulk starch samplesfrom 1 kernel to bulk starch samples Starch viscosity properties by RVA using sample sizes Starch viscosity properties by RVA using sample sizes

of starch from at least 10 grams of cornof starch from at least 10 grams of corn Fatty acids by GC from single kernelsFatty acids by GC from single kernels Wet milling by both bench top single kernels and Wet milling by both bench top single kernels and

100g using a starch table100g using a starch table

NIR Whole Grain Composition

NIR Sample SizesNIR Sample Sizes

GEM Results-CompositionGEM Results-Composition

Protein > 15% Protein > 15% Oil > 4%Oil > 4% Starch > 71%Starch > 71% B73 values: 14% protein, 3.5% oil, B73 values: 14% protein, 3.5% oil,

70% starch 70% starch

Starch ExtractionStarch Extraction

Bench Top Wet MillingBench Top Wet Milling

100g Wet Milling

Starch Thermal Analysis

DSC Curve DSC Curve CH05015:N1204-57-1-B-B

GEM Results-Starch QualityGEM Results-Starch Quality

ToG < 62ToG < 62ooCC TrG < 5TrG < 5ooCC %R > 60%%R > 60% Commercial corn starch: ToG, TrG, Commercial corn starch: ToG, TrG,

%R%R

Field Day 2004Field Day 2004

Recommended GEM Lines for 2004Recommended GEM Lines for 2004

Pedigree Origin (race) SET Comment

BARBGP:N08a18-332-1-B

Barbados (Tuson) 2004 S4elevated starch and

oil

CH05015:N1502-86-1-B

Chile (Camelia) 2004 S4 elevated protein

CHIS775:S1911b-120-1-B-B

Mexico (Tuxpeno) Set Relevated oil and

protein, high TpG, flat-top peak

DK212T:N11a12-191-1-B

Thailand (comm. DK) 2004 S4 high starch

DKB844:S1601-73-1-B-B

Mexico (comm. DK) Set Elow gel onset temp; low PHI, wide RnG

DREP150:N2011d-624-1-B

Domin. Rep. (Mixed) 2004 S4 elevated protein

UR11003:S0302-1011-1-B

Uruguay (Dente Branco)

Set Hnarrow range of

gelatinization

DKB844:S1601-3-2 Mexico (comm. DK) Set EElevated protein, low gel temp onset, low RnG, high % retro

CH05015:N1204-57-1 Chile (Camelia) Set HElevated protein and oil, very high TpG,

large complex peak

New MethodologyNew Methodology

ETOH by bench top laboratory procedureETOH by bench top laboratory procedure Food applications of oils with altered fatty Food applications of oils with altered fatty

acidsacids Calculating breeding parameters for Calculating breeding parameters for

quality traitsquality traits Modeling from our existing data to predict Modeling from our existing data to predict

resistant starchresistant starch Thermoelectric conductivity and Thermoelectric conductivity and

electroactive transportelectroactive transport Plasticizing starches Plasticizing starches

GEM Presentation

The End

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