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Future of MobilityIn India
Presented atMOBI ColloquiumSmart Cities Expo - New DelhiMay 23, 2019
Ola Mobility InstituteOla’s in-house Policy Research &
Social Innovation Think Tank
Aishwarya RamanAssociate Director and Head of Research
@
Ease of Moving Index – (Nov 2018)
“This is a much needed Index for India, we would be happy to partner to further develop this Index.” - World Bank
“I congratulate OMI for this initiative. I hope this Index is adopted by stakeholders to understand mobility requirements and plan accordingly.” - Sh. Nitin Gadkari, hon’ble Minister of Road Transport and Highways
“The report fills an important gap of benchmarking mobility in cities.” -Rocky Mountain Institute
At the launch of the EOMI report. From left: Anand Shah, SVP, Ola; Bhavish Aggarwal, Co-founder and CEO, Ola; Sh. Nitin Gadkari, hon’ble Minister of Road Transport and
Highways; Sh. Abhay Damle, Joint Secretarty - Transport.
What Women & Girls Want from Urban Mobility Systems (March 2019)
At the launch of the Gender report. From left: Sonal Shah, Consultant; Aishwarya Raman, Head of Research, Ola Mobility Institute (OMI); Tanvi Dubey, Senior Editor, YourStory.
“This issue is of great interest and importance to us as the linkages between women's mobility and their economic empowerment are well established and we need to constantly reflect on how our interventions address women's mobility.” - World Bank
“The report is very apt and timely.The report certainly helps in making case for gender sensitive transportation policy, planning, and design in India.”- Indian Institute of Science (IISC)
“Interesting report. The issue is of great importance to us.” - United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Beyond Nagpur: The Promise of Electric Mobility (April 2019)
“Excellent work, thanks
for sharing! Please start in
Kerala, we will facilitate”
- PS Transport, Kerala
“This is very interesting and
something that will be of
great importance to London
as well”
- London & Partners
“Very nice and comprehensive
report on your experience
and clear recommendations”
- ARAI
“Solid set of
recommendations”
-Brookings India
Future of MobilityIn India
PART 1: GLOBAL TRENDS
On-demand Mobility
ON-DEMAND MOBILITY
Source: CB Insights
Increasing Risk Capital Investment in Mobility
On-demand Mobility Unicorns are 15 in
number globally, together valued at
$169 billion!
World’s Top Two Unicorns are both
mobility companies valued at $68B, and
$56B each, headquartered in the USA and China.
Source: CB Insights
Risk Capital Investment in Mobility: $60 B and counting.
Validation by the startup ecosystem
Key Figures from July to December 2018
109 Startups funded
USD 2.7 bn raised in funding
32% of USD 2.7 bn to
mobility startups
43% of USD 2.7 bn to mobility ‘ecosystem’
Transport
USD 38 mn
Transport VAS
USD 263 mn
Logistics
USD 559 mnAI & Data Science
USD 78 mn
Financial services
USD 3.1 mn
What is Mobility? Shifting paradigms.
Source: EY, Electric vehicles EV - global scenario
Traditional Mobility Choices
Choices
Traditional Mobility service providers
AutomakerAutodealer
GovernmentsCities
Independent businesses / owners
Mobility Opportunity
Choices
Traditional Mobility service providers
AutomakerAutodealer
GovernmentsCities
Independent businesses / owners
What’s changing?
● Easy availability of data● New vehicle ownership concept● Regulatory push to reduce vehicular emissions
Market Opportunity
Passenger km in 2050, over 70 trillion kms per year*
Passenger km today, around 35
trillion kms / year
2x
Per capita commuting delay today
Around 50 hours/year*
Per capita commuting delay by
2050, over 100 hours per year*
2x
Source: UN World Urbanization Prospects, World Business Council for Sustainable Development
Current trends in Mobility
Real-time mobility
information and planning
Single payment interface
Connected transport
modes
Digitalpayment interface
Current trends in Mobility - Mobility integration infrastructure
Real-time mobility
information and planning
Single payment interface
Connected transport
modes
Data, information, insight and analytics
Mobility
system
integration
E-commerce —online payment and account management
Rapid transit stations and parking lots
Personal and public transport modes
Digitalpayment interface
From drive to ride The rise of the collaborative economy
“Don’t assume we’re always going to be in the car business...The notion is you don’t have to have ownership of a vehicle, you just want to get from point A to point B.”
Chairman, global volume vehicle manufacturer
1 2 3 4
From drive to ride - proof points
Members Vehicles MV Ratio
2006 346610 11501 30.1
2008 670822 19403 34.6
2010 1163645 31967 36.4
2012 1788027 43554 41.1
2014 4842616 104125 46.5
Source: Susan Shaheen and Adam Cohen, Innovative mobility carsharing outlook: Carsharing market overview, analysis, and trends,
Transportation Sustainability Research Center—University of California, Berkeley, winter 2016, http://tsrc.berkeley.edu/node/968
Future of MobilityIn India
PART 2: INDIA SCENARIO
The India Opportunity
Mobility is the NEXT economic revolution!
India is the new frontier.
Source: Ellen MacArthur Foundationwith the United Nations
Passenger Vehicle Density in India is one of the lowest in the world!
Personal Vehicles per
‘000 driving population
Source : EY
Shared Mobility: How India commutes today
Source: DownToEarth
Shared mobility is highly utilised in India. PublicTransport, including taxi-cabs and autos, and non-motorised transport, account for 55% of all trips in thecountry. With low car-ownership too, India ispositioned well for a mobility transformation.
An abundant labor pool and low labor costs are helping India become an attractive manufacturing destination
SIAM’ s Automotive Mission Plan 2026 aims to
propel the auto industry to become the engine of
the “Make in India” initiative.
The automotive sector is expected to create
15 million direct jobs by 2022. The fields of AV, IV, EV would add another
5 million, totaling the jobs count to 20 million.
Auto components
segment contributes
50% to the sector’s
direct employment
Source : EY
India’s Present Challenges
1,50,000 per year
Deaths by accidents
1.5 Lakh crore in four major Indian cities
Cost of congestion
Cars are parked 95% of the time
Parking demand
More than 55,000 crore in India alone.
Cost of accidents
15% of manmade CO2 emissions globally caused by transportation
Vehicular emissions
Bengaluru comes to a halt, everyday!
Bengaluru comes to a halt, everyday!
TOI’s pan India survey records Bengaluru’s average
city speed at 18 KMPH, and Delhi’s highest at 23 KMPH.
Data from Ola Analytics.
What’s Ola betting on?
1,50,000 per year
Deaths by accidents
1.5 Lakh crore in four major Indian cities
Cost of congestion
Cars are parked 95% of the time
Parking demand
More than INR 55,000 crore in India alone.
Cost of accidents
15% of manmade CO2 emissions globally caused by transportation
Vehicular emissions
Present Challenges
Shared Autonomous ElectrifiedConnected
Digitising IPT in India
Digitisation of IPT
2015
2016
2017
2018
Ridership Per Day
1 Mn
1.8 Mn - 1.9 Mn
2.8 Mn - 3.0 Mn
3.5 Mn
3.4 Million
2.3 Million
Vehicle Population (2018)
1.5 Million**
** Only SRTU Fleet, IT Sector Employment as per NASSCOM figures in 2017
Direct Employment (2018)
Mobility in Rural AreasCompensates for lack of Public Transportation (PT)
Unserved areas by PT
First and Last mile to PT Major transportation mode in Tier-II and Tier-III cities
IPT
IT Sector
6 M+
4 M+
Reduces Congestion
Micro-mobility and Shared Mobility Options
Public Bicycle Sharing
E-rickshaw
The Ola Platform
Funding: USD 3+ bn | 16 rounds | 29 investors
8 year old startup | USD 6bn Valuation | World’s 3rd largest ridesharing company
Verticals: OLACabs | OLAMoney | OLAFleet | OLAElectric
Acquisitions: Qarth | TaxiForSure | GeoTagg | Ridlr | Foodpanda
Investments: Vogo | mSwipe
The Promise of Electric Mobility
Lessons from India’s first multimodal
electric mobility project
Beyond Nagpur:
A study by
April 2019
The Study by OMI
The policy-research and social innovation think tank, OMI,
studied India’s first multimodal electric mobility project in
Nagpur.
Objectives of the study:
- understand how to accelerate EV adoption
- understand the operational issues in Indian scenario
(Charging behaviour, impact of temperature on
charging times and battery life wtc.)
- understand the integration of renewable energy at
EV charging stations
Inaugurated by Hon’ble Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Shri
Devendra Fadnavis and Hon’ble Union Minister, Shri Nitin
Gadkari in May 2017.
The Pilot
Operationalising Change
B) Electric vehicles in the Nagpur fleet
C) Setting up a robust charging infrastructure + Electrifying fuel pumps
Charging Station Location Connected load (in kWh) Number of Chargers
Airport 150 4 fast and 4 slow
IOCL fuel station 30 2 fast and 2 slow
Nandanvan 150 5 fast and 5 slow
A) Measures to increase adoption by driver-partners and customers
Free charging for the driver-partners for the 1st month; followed by 50% rebate in subsequent months;Minimal initial lease for vehicles (10% of charge on ICE vehicles)Multiple fast-charging stations to make on-road experience anxiety-freeSlow charging points at driver-partners’ residencesOla Play (connected car) service at ICE hatchback rates
Battery capacity:15kWh advanced Li-ion battery
Practical range: ~100 km
Mahindra e2o plus hatchback
Average daily run: 142 km
Charging time:Slow: 7-8 hrsFast: 1.5-2 hrs
In peak summer, the battery pack consumes50% more units to reach full charge
Top speed:25 kmph
Passenger capacity: 4
Average daily run: 66 kmPractical range:
35 km
Battery capacity: 2.8 kWh
Kerb weight:295 kg
Kinetic Safar e-rickshaw
Fiscal incentives should be designed
to specifically subsidise the one cost
that makes EVs expensive: batteries.
TCO parity must be achieved for the viability and sustainability of e-mobility in India.
Key Learnings 1The success of e-mobility
is hinged on leveraging shared mobility.
2
Vehicle segment prioritisation, with an
eye on TCO viability, is at the heart of the EV adoption drive across the country.
3Incentives should be on USAGE
rather than the purchase of EVs.4
5Battery swapping, as piloted in Nagpur,
offers significant advantages in the EV
paradigm, with global implications.
6
Mission: Electric
Today 2021
1. 1 Million EVs on road2. Swapping stations3. Charging infrastructure for
various modes of transport
4. Collaborative functioning across stakeholders
M&M
Tata
Kinetic
