Kingdom Fungi

How do plants & fungi compare?

• Create a VENN diagram showing the similarities and differences between plants & fungi.

2

Plants Fungi

Characteristics of Fungi• eukaryotic • most are multicellular • cell walls (made of chitin) • live on substrate / stationary • heterotroph (how do they eat?) • don’t store energy • has mycelium

3

How does Fungi absorb nutrients?

- The main structure is network of Mycelium (microscopic branches are called hypha)

- hypha excrete enzymes onto dead substrate

- hypha absorb digested nutrients

- digestion is extracellular

How do plants & fungi compare?

• Anything to add?

8

Plants Fungi

Zygo

myc

ota

Asco

myc

ota

Deu

tero

myc

ota

Basi

diom

ycot

a

Fungal Classification

_ +

Deuteromycota (imperfect fungus)

• Produce only asexual spores

• Very common • Eg. ringworm,

athletes foot, Penicillin

Zygomycota

• Produce asexual spores

• Produce sexual zygospores

• Appear as small fuzzy black dotted mould

• Eg. Black spotted bread mould

Ascomycota

• Produce asexual spores

• Produce sexual spores in a sac

Eg. yeast, powdery mildew, morels

Basidiomycota• Produce sexual reproductive structures or fruiting bodies • Basidiospores

Eg. All Mushrooms, bracket fungus.

Fungal Roles in the Environment

Parasitic Fungi- feed off a host. ex. cordyceps

Fungal Roles in the Environment

Predatory Fungi- catches and kills prey

Fungal Roles in the Environment

Mutualistic Fungi- work together with other species in a beneficial way ex. Lichen = protista algae + fungi

Fungal Roles in the Environment

Saprophytic Fungi- live on dead and decaying material in the environment (recyclers)

Homework

• Read pg 109 figure 3.21 • find the identity of the species that

follows in the table provided • prepare a wet mount and slide of a fungi

mycelium with sporangium (one illustration)

24

Identify the group in which the following belong (be specific).

Specimen Cell type Hetero/autotroph

Habitat Cellular organization

Reproduction Locomotion

Pleurotis Eukaryote ? Terrestrial Multicellular sexual spores none

M. bovis, Prokaryote Heterotroph Terrestrial Unicellular binary fission cilia

Methanopyrus kandleri

Prokaryote Heterotroph Terrestrial Unicellular binary fission cilia

Diachea leucopodia

Eukaryote Heterotroph Terrestrial Multinucleate white ?

C. albicans Eukaryote Heterotroph Terrestrial Multicellular sexual/ asexual spores

None

Spirogyra bii Eukaryote Autotroph Aquatic Multicellular Asexual none

D. luciferase Eukaryote Autotroph Aquatic Unicellular Asexual flagella