folder tecnologias

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Av. Onze de Junho, 686 - Sala 43 - Vila Clementino - So Paulo - Brasil - Fone:55(11)3313-3916 - e-mail: [email protected]

1

SISTEMA DE COBERTURA DE AERADORESCampnulas )Sistema patenteado )

EVITA CONTAMINAO AMBIENTAL REDUZ CUSTOS DE MANUTENO NA PLANTA ELIMINA ODOR REDUZ RUDOS EVITA EMANAO DE VOLTEIS


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A Tch-Technion Consultoria, vem apresentar a Vsas. um sistema desenvolvido que visa comple-

mentar os aeradores existentes em vossa planta fabril, melhorando a performance dos mesmose eliminando a formao dos aerossis e outros efeitos gerados durante o tratamento de efluen-tes.Apesar das vantagens obtidas pelo uso de aeradores em tratamento de efluentes, em algu-mas aplicaes podem ocorrer alguns efeitos secundrios como :

Gerao de odor - comum em estaes de tratamento a ocorrncia de mau odor pela diges-to microbiana de matria orgnica, emanao de volteis presentes no efluente a ser tratado eat mesmo em funo da prpria composio do efluente a ser tratado. Com a aplicao dascampnulas os vapores e fontes geradoras de odor ficam contidas no interior das campnulasevitando sua disperso no meio.

Formao de aerossis ou hidrossis,so gotculas de lquido formadas durante aformao do splash gerado pelo aerador emfuncionamento. Hoje de conhecimentoque estas gotculas apesar de pequenascarregam em seu interior microorganismosque em alguns casos podem ser patogni-cos e que entram em contato no s com osoperadores da estao, mas de forma geralcom toda a comunidade existente nas proxi-midades da estao (dependendo da veloci-

dade do vento uma gotcula de aerossol po-de ser carregada a at 800 metros de dis-tncia). A tecnologia oferecida evita a ema-nao e disperso dos aerossis que aca-bam ficando contidos no interior das camp-nulas .

Fig. 1 - Detalhe do mecanismo de gerao de aerossis

Mecanismos de formao de aerossis

Fig. 2 - Formao de aerossis por disperso Fig. 3 - Formao de aerossis por condensao


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3

Corroso ambiental dependendo das caractersticas do efluente a ser tratado e pela emana-o de elementos volteis pode ocorrer corroso na estao e em equipamentos em geral. Osistema oferecido elimina as fontes que provocam este efeito pela conteno dos vapores.

Figs. 4 e 5 - Corroso em partes metlicas e instalaesdevido emanao de gases volteis

Necessidade complementar de oxignio o crescimento da planta fabril e incremento naproduo industrial demandam tambm um crescimento nas plantas de tratamento de efluentes.Geralmente este crescimento implica em grandes investimentos, principalmente quando a ne-cessidade de oxignio no totalmente atendida. Assim sendo a tecnologia que est sendo ofe-recida permite a converso de seus aeradores para trabalhar com oxignio puro sem nenhumcusto complementar. O sistema fornecido com as duas opes de trabalho, dependendo danecessidade do cliente podendo tanto trabalhar com ar convencional ou oxignio puro, permitin-do que esta mudana seja efetuada com uma simples manobra de vlvulas.

Sistema de fornecimentode oxignio puro ( opcio-nal)

Sistema deFornecimentode ar conven-cional

Figura 6 - Siste-mas de alimenta-o de ar / O2


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4

Facilidade de montagem - O sistema

montado com a planta em pleno funcionamen-to. A interrupo do tratamento, limita-se ape-nas a poucas horas na bacia onde a camp-nula est sendo montada. Desta forma sehouver mais de um aerador funcionando naestao, a parada ser efetuada naquele quevai receber a campnula. O sistema pr-montado fora do tanque de aerao e trans-portado para ser fixado nas plataformas. Todoo fechamento dos gomos efetuado com pa-rafusos, porcas e arruelas em ao inoxidvel

AISI 304. Fig. 7 - Sistema sendo montado com a planta funcionando

Segurana estrutural - O sistema mon-tado em perfis laminados em ao carbonono protegidos por tinta anti corrosivaque garante a superfcie da estruturapor mais de 5 anos sem problemas decorroso. Ainda para evitar vibraes quevenham afetar a construo, as cobertu-ras so dotadas de amortecedores de vi-brao que isolam a estrutura existenteda cobertura em balano.

Fig.8 - Detalhe dos amortecedores de vibrao

A campnula dotada de sistema deabatimento de espuma, o qual ameni-za o crescimento da espuma junto s

paredes da cobertura.

Fig.9 - Detalhe dos bicos aspersores em voltada campnula


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5

A Tch-Technion possui tambm uma verso de campnula que pode ser aplicada a aeradoresflutuantes, garantindo seu funcionamento com as mesmas caractersticas e benefcios apresen-

tados pelo sistema aplicvel a aeradores fixos.A campnula fornecida para aeradores flutuantes possui sistema de flutuao prpria. O sistema fornecido opcionalmente com corrimose possui tratamento em sua base com pin-tura antiderrapante para permitir a movi-mentao de operadores sem risco de aci-dentes.Desta forma a Tch-Technion garante quesua estao de tratamento de efluentes irtrabalhar de forma limpa, segura e comboa eficincia.

COMPARE AS DUAS SITUAES NA MESMA ESTAO E NOTE A DIFERENA

Fig. 11 - Estao funcionando antes da colocao dascampnulas

Fig. 12 - A mesma estao funcionando aps a coloca-o das campnulas

SOLICITE A VISITA DE UM REPRESENTANTE NOSSO SEM NENHUMCOMPROMISSO

Fig.10 - Representao esquemtica da campnula para aera-dores flutuantes


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6

ANEXOS


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7

LATICINIO DANONE

PRINCIPAIS INSTALAES

REVAPREFINARIA DO VALE DO PARAIBA


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8

RECAPREFINARIA DE CAPUVA

OXITENOUNIDADE TREMEMB


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9

A partir da primeira instalao experimental no Laticnio Danone, e preocupados com o im-pacto das emisses atmosfricas, a REVAP decide aps visita a este primeiro cliente, im-

plantar o sistema nos tanques de aerao. Este trabalho trouxe benefcios no relaciona-mento da Refinaria com a comunidade vizinha. O sucesso da implantao do sistema e arepercusso perante a comunidade e os rgos de controle ambiental, originou esta mat-ria na Gazeta Mercantil, no caderno de Balano Ambiental de 16 de outubro de 2000.


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Inventors:

Bacicurinski, Bernardo Mauricio (BR)Application Number:

EP20010890006Publication Date:

07/17/2002Filing Date:

01/10/2001View Patent Images:

Images are available in PDF form when logged in. To view PDFs,Login or Create Account (Free!)

Export Citation:Click for automatic bibliography generation

Assignee:Bacicurinski, Bernardo Mauricio (BR)

International Classes:B01F3/04; B01F3/04; B01F13/00; B01F13/00; B01F15/00; B01F15/00;C02F1/74; C02F1/74; C02F3/14; C02F3/16; C02F3/26; C02F3/26; (IPC1-7): C02F3/14; B01F3/04; C02F3/16; C02F3/26

European Classes:B01F3/04C6C2; C02F3/16; C02F3/26

Domestic Patent References:EP0521241Apparatus for enriching waters with oxygen.

Foreign References:

6145815

System for enhanced gas dissolution having a hood

positioned over the impeller with segregating ringsGB1512225A

4096215 Device for applying gas to a liquid

Other References:PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 542 (C-1261), 17October 1994 (1994-10-17) -& JP 06 190391 A (MASASHI TSUCHIDA),12 July 1994 (1994-07-12)

Claims:1. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment, to be preferablyadapted to superficial aerators in effluent treatment, characterized in thatbasically a chamber (11) in the format of a cover device is enclosed, placedabove the level of the liquid to be treated and defining internally awatertight chamber (12) of pure oxygen conditioning injected through asuperior entrance (13) provided in the cover (11).

2. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim1, characterized in that a direct contact between the liquid and the coverwalls (11) is avoided, that the gas is enclosed, avoiding its contact with theair before it is dissolved, that the area of contact of the liquid gas is largeenough to permit oxygen dilution in the effluent and that the mix issufficient to dilute the gas.

3. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim1 or 2, characterized in that means of total sealing of the chamber (11),

such as a mechanic seal, are provided.


Page 2 of 5Device for the injection and dissolution of oxygen in water effluents - Patent EP12231...

8/22/2009http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP1223148.html


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such as a sealing system, are provided.

5. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim1 or 2, characterized in that means of total sealing of the chamber (11),such as rubber rings, are provided.

6. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to any ofthe claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column inits interior, and that this control is done through a relief valve controllingpressure with a spring.

7. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to any ofthe claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column inits interior, and that this control is done through a counterweight.

8. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to any ofthe claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column in

its interior, and that this control is done through a pressure controller thatreceives a sign of overpressure above a determined value and sendsanother sign to a solenoid valve that interrupts the oxygen supply.

9. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to any ofthe claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column inits interior, and that this control is done through a manual spheric valve, orsimilar permitting relieving the pressure through an opening in it.

10. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to anyof the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column in

its interior, and that this control is done through a timer that periodicallyinterrupts the oxygen supply by pre-adjustments.

Description:

The present report refers to a conversion installation system of effluenttreatment and, specifically, to a constructive system to be adapted tosuperficial effluent treatment aerators in a way to create a watertight areaof pure oxygen injection and dissolution which, diluted in liquid means,will promote the required treatment.

The goal of the present invention is to allow the conversion of effluenttreatment installations that were initially projected to deal with superficial

aerators into an installation that allows the usage of systems of pureoxygen injection to obtain remarkable efficiency levels in the dissolutionof this gas in liquid means.

It is known that the traditional superficial aeration process views obtaining,through splash action, a dissolution of the oxygen found in the air (in aconcentration of 21 %) in the liquid means to be treated, to allow anoxidation of this means achieving an OBD (oxygen biological demand)and an OCD (oxygen chemical demand), in foam activated process (live

bacteria forming established flakes that need O2 to get energy to be fed).

The biological processes that use pure oxygen demand highimplementation costs due to the necessity of installing new and specific

equipments to such technology. In any process where oxygen must be usedto remove OBD or OCD, a high area of liquid gas is necessary and this isthe reason why there is a splash in conventional aerators, so that a better




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incorporation of oxygen, due to the microbubbles of liquid formed, isallowed.

Another important factor for the gas dissolution is that the splash promotesa vigorous mix to dilute the oxygen in liquid means.

Therefore, nowadays it is possible to view the process of effluent treatmentthrough superficial aerators that present as a main basis of work the

dissolution of oxygen found in the air and the biological process that usespure oxygen. The first process presents inferior efficiency levels ifcompared to the second one, because this last one uses pure oxygen, whichis ideal for the effluent treatment to have excellent results. Despite theefficiency of the second process, it is also known that if it is applieddirectly in aerators of pre-existing surfaces, it will bring the need for largeinvestments in new installations, such as water treatment plants, because ifthis is not done the project will not work out.

Then, the goal of the present invention is to provide the conversion ofeffluent treatment installations to be applied in previously installed surfaceaerators, including pure oxygen injection to promote, with total efficiency,a chemical/biological effluent treatment process. This goal is basicallyachieved through the placement of a cover above the liquid level where thesurface aerator is installed, so that this cover encloses the pure oxygen thatis injected in its interior, creating a rich atmosphere in oxygen, which, bythe splash action, will promote a slow gas absorption that will beimmediately incorporated and mixed to the liquid means.

A conversion installation system according to the invention is essentiallycharacterized in that basically a chamber in the format of a cover device isenclosed, placed above the level of the liquid to be treated and defininginternally a watertight chamber of pure oxygen conditioning injectedthrough a superior entrance provided in the cover.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependentsubclaims.

For a better comprehension, the system will be described in detail, withreferences to the attached drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic view ofa kind of fixed surface aerator, containing the inventive system; and Fig. 2is a schematic view of a type of floating surface aerator, also presentingthis invention.

According to the enclosed illustrations, a fixed or floating surface aeratorfor effluent treatment 10 receives the adaptation of a cover device 11 thatmay have cylindrical or square shape, depending on the necessity orfeatures of the biological reactor, without material restrictions, if it iscompatible with the effluent to be treated and with pure oxygen.

This cover 11 is placed above the liquid level and it internally defines aconditioning chamber 12 for the pure oxygen injected through a superiorentrance 13 in the cover. Means of total sealing of the cover 11 are

provided to avoid loss of the injected air - this sealing can be done bymeans of a mechanic sealing system, rubber rings or other similar ways.Being formed this way, the chamber 12 encloses the pure oxygen in itsinterior, creating a rich atmosphere in oxygen that, through the splashaction, permits the gas to be slowly absorbed and immediatelyincorporated and mixed in the liquid means.

To implement this system it is necessary to observe the following factors :the gas must be enclosed to avoid its contact with the air before it isdissolved; the contact area of the liquid gas must be large enough to permitthe oxygen dilution in the effluent, and the mix must be sufficient to dilutethe gas.




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To place the cover 11 it must be taken into consideration the fact that theliquid cannot be in direct contact with the cover walls, because it wouldcause the growth of droplets, forming a film and damaging the gasutilization. Controlling pressure in the interior of the chamber 11 isimportant to avoid a variation of the liquid column in its interior and, thiscontrol can be done in several ways, such as: through the relief valve,controlling the pressure with a spring, counterweight or any other meansthat permit relieving the pressure in the interior of the chamber, or througha pressure controller that receives a sign of overpressure above adetermined value and sends another sign to a solenoid valve that interruptsthe oxygen supplying;

or through a manual spheric valve, or similar, that permits relieving thepressure through a timer that stops the oxygen supplying by pre-adjustments.

The system of oxygen pressure control can be fixed in the chamber 11 orin a remote way, being placed in the supplying oxygen panel.

Depending on the installing features, perilous area, discharge control orany other that might be necessary, specific control devices as a manometer,thermometer, process controller can be used.

It must be understood that this system can also be applied in othersituations, independent of effluent or water treatment, whenever it isnecessary to dissolve any gas in liquid means, provided that there is amixture system and a saturate chamber with the gas to be dissolved.

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Dokumentenidentifikation EP1223148 22.08.2002

EP-Verffentlichungsnummer 1223148

Titel Vorrichtung zur Sauerstoffeinspritzung und -Auflsung in Abwasser

Anmelder Bacicurinski, Bernardo Mauricio, So Paulo, BR

Erfinder Bacicurinski, Bernardo Mauricio, 04041-003 Sao Paulo, BR

Vertreter derzeit kein Vertreter bestellt

Vertragsstaaten AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LI, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE, TR

Sprache des Dokument EN

EP-Anmeldetag 10.01.2001

EP-Aktenzeichen 018900068

EP-Offenlegungsdatum 17.07.2002

Verffentlichungstag im Patentblatt 22.08.2002

IPC-Hauptklasse C02F 3/14

IPC-Nebenklasse B01F 3/04 C02F 3/16 C02F 3/26

Beschreibung[en]

The present report refers to a conversion installation system of effluent treatment and, specifically, to a constructive system to be

adapted to superficial effluent treatment aerators in a way to create a watertight area of pure oxygen injection and dissolution which,

diluted in liquid means, will promote the required treatment.

The goal of the present invention is to allow the conversion of effluent treatment installations that were initially projected to deal with

superficial aerators into an installation that allows the usage of systems of pure oxygen injection to obtain remarkable efficiency

levels in the dissolution of this gas in liquid means.

It is known that the traditional superficial aeration process views obtaining, through splash action, a dissolution of the oxygen foundin the air (in a concentration of 21 %) in the liquid means to be treated, to allow an oxidation of this means achieving an OBD

(oxygen biological demand) and an OCD (oxygen chemical demand), in foam activated process (live bacteria forming establishedflakes that need O

2to get energy to be fed).

The biological processes that use pure oxygen demand high implementation costs due to the necessity of installing new and specific

equipments to such technology. In any process where oxygen must be used to remove OBD or OCD, a high area of liquid gas is

necessary and this is the reason why there is a splash in conventional aerators, so that a better incorporation of oxygen, due to the

microbubbles of liquid formed, is allowed.

Another important factor for the gas dissolution is that the splash promotes a vigorous mix to dilute the oxygen in liquid means.

Therefore, nowadays it is possible to view the process of effluent treatment through superficial aerators that present as a main basis

of work the dissolution of oxygen found in the air and the biological process that uses pure oxygen. The first process presents

inferior efficiency levels if compared to the second one, because this last one uses pure oxygen, which is ideal for the effluent

treatment to have excellent results. Despite the efficiency of the second process, it is also known that if it is applied directly in

aerators of pre-existing surfaces, it will bring the need for large investments in new installations, such as water treatment plants,

because if this is not done the project will not work out.

Then, the goal of the present invention is to provide the conversion of effluent treatment installations to be applied in previously

installed surface aerators, including pure oxygen injection to promote, with total efficiency, a chemical/biological effluent treatment

process. This goal is basically achieved through the placement of a cover above the liquid level where the surface aerator is

installed, so that this cover encloses the pure oxygen that is injected in its interior, creating a rich atmosphere in oxygen, which, by

the splash action, will promote a slow gas absorption that will be immediately incorporated and mixed to the liquid means.

A conversion installation system according to the invention is essentially characterized in that basically a chamber in the format of a

cover device is enclosed, placed above the level of the liquid to be treated and defining internally a watertight chamber of pure

oxygen conditioning injected through a superior entrance provided in the cover.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent subclaims.

For a better comprehension, the system will be described in detail, with references to the attached drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a kind of fixed surface aerator, containing the inventive system; and

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a type of floating surface aerator, also presenting this invention.

According to the enclosed i llustrations, a fixed or floating surface aerator for effluent treatment 10 receives the adaptation of a cover

device 11 that may have cylindrical or square shape, depending on the necessity or features of the biological reactor, without

material restrictions, if it is compatible with the effluent to be treated and with pure oxygen.

This cover 11 is placed above the liquid level and it internally defines a conditioning chamber 12 for the pure oxygen injected

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EBauwesen;

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Copyright 2008 Patent-De Alle Rechte vorbehalten. eMail: [email protected]

through a superior entrance 13 in the cover. Means of total sealing of the cover 11 are provided to avoid loss of the injected air - this

sealing can be done by means of a mechanic sealing system, rubber rings or other similar ways. Being formed this way, the

chamber 12 encloses the pure oxygen in its interior, creating a rich atmosphere in oxygen that, through the splash action, permits

the gas to be slowly absorbed and immediately incorporated and mixed in the liquid means.

To implement this system it is necessary to observe the following factors :

the gas must be enclosed to avoid its contact with the air before it is dissolved;

the contact area of the liquid gas must be large enough to permit the oxygen dilution in the effluent, and

the mix must be sufficient to dilute the gas.

To place the cover 11 it must be taken into consideration the fact that the liquid cannot be in direct contact with the cover walls,

because it would cause the growth of droplets, forming a film and damaging the gas utilization. Controlling pressure in the interior of

the chamber 11 is important to avoid a variation of the liquid column in its interior and, this control can be done in several ways,

such as: through the relief valve, controlling the pressure with a spring, counterweight or any other means that permit relieving the

pressure in the interior of the chamber, or through a pressure controller that receives a sign of overpressure above a determined

value and sends another sign to a solenoid valve that interrupts the oxygen supplying; or through a manual spheric valve, or similar,

that permits relieving the pressure through a timer that stops the oxygen supplying by pre-adjustments.

The system of oxygen pressure control can be fixed in the chamber 11 or in a remote way, being placed in the supplying oxygen

panel.

Depending on the installing features, perilous area, discharge control or any other that might be necessary, specific control devices

as a manometer, thermometer, process controller can be used.

It must be understood that this system can also be applied in other situations, independent of effluent or water treatment, whenever

it is necessary to dissolve any gas in liquid means, provided that there is a mixture system and a saturate chamber with the gas to

be dissolved.

Anspr uch [en]

1. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment, to be preferably adapted to superficial aerators in effluent treatment,

characterized in that basically a chamber (11) in the format of a cover device is enclosed, placed above the level of the liquid

to be treated and defining internally a watertight chamber (12) of pure oxygen conditioning injected through a superior

entrance (13) provided in the cover (11).

2. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that a direct contact between the

liquid and the cover walls (11) is avoided, that the gas is enclosed, avoiding its contact with the air before it is dissolved, that

the area of contact of the liquid gas is large enough to permit oxygen dilution in the effluent and that the mix is sufficient to

dilute the gas.

3. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that means of total sealing of

the chamber (11), such as a mechanic seal, are provided.


the chamber (11), such as a sealing system, are provided.


the chamber (11), such as rubber rings, are provided.

6. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure

control is placed in the interior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column in its interior, and that thiscontrol is done through a relief valve controlling pressure with a spring.


control is placed in the interior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column in its interior, and that this

control is done through a counterweight.



control is done through a pressure controller that receives a sign of overpressure above a determined value and sends

another sign to a solenoid valve that interrupts the oxygen supply.



control is done through a manual spheric valve, or similar permitting relieving the pressure through an opening in it.



control is done through a timer that periodically interrupts the oxygen supply by pre-adjustments.

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Title:Device for the injection and dissolution of oxygen in

water effluentsEuropean Patent Application EP1223148Kind Code:

A1

Abstract:

Conversion installation system of effluent treatment to be adapted tosuperficial aerators in effluent treatment to create a watertight area ofinjection and dissolution of pure oxygen which, diluted in liquid means,will promote the required treatment. It is proposed that basically a chamber(11) in the format of a cover device is enclosed, placed above the level ofthe liquid to be treated and defining internally a watertight chamber (12) of

pure oxygen conditioning injected through a superior entrance (13)

provided in the cover (11).

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Ref i ni ng, Pet r ochem, mor ewww. f t c- houst on. com

Inventors:Bacicurinski, Bernardo Mauricio (BR)

Application Number:EP20010890006

Publication Date:07/17/2002

Filing Date:01/10/2001

View Patent Images:

Images are available in PDF form when logged in. To view PDFs,Login or Create Account (Free!)Export Citation:

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Domestic Patent References: EP0521241Apparatus for enriching waters with oxygen.Foreign References:

6145815System for enhanced gas dissolution having a hood

positioned over the impeller with segregating rings

GB1512225A




2. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim1, characterized in that a direct contact between the liquid and the coverwalls (11) is avoided, that the gas is enclosed, avoiding its contact with theair before it is dissolved, that the area of contact of the liquid gas is largeenough to permit oxygen dilution in the effluent and that the mix is

sufficient to dilute the gas.3. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim1 or 2, characterized in that means of total sealing of the chamber (11),




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4. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim1 or 2, characterized in that means of total sealing of the chamber (11),such as a sealing system, are provided.




8. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to any ofthe claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column inits interior, and that this control is done through a pressure controller thatreceives a sign of overpressure above a determined value and sendsanother sign to a solenoid valve that interrupts the oxygen supply.


10. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to anyof the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column inits interior, and that this control is done through a timer that periodicallyinterrupts the oxygen supply by pre-adjustments.

Description:

The present report refers to a conversion installation system of effluenttreatment and, specifically, to a constructive system to be adapted tosuperficial effluent treatment aerators in a way to create a watertight areaof pure oxygen injection and dissolution which, diluted in liquid means,

will promote the required treatment.

The goal of the present invention is to allow the conversion of effluenttreatment installations that were initially projected to deal with superficialaerators into an installation that allows the usage of systems of pureoxygen injection to obtain remarkable efficiency levels in the dissolutionof this gas in liquid means.







20/47

equipments to such technology. In any process where oxygen must be usedto remove OBD or OCD, a high area of liquid gas is necessary and this isthe reason why there is a splash in conventional aerators, so that a betterincorporation of oxygen, due to the microbubbles of liquid formed, isallowed.


Therefore, nowadays it is possible to view the process of effluent treatmentthrough superficial aerators that present as a main basis of work thedissolution of oxygen found in the air and the biological process that usespure oxygen. The first process presents inferior efficiency levels ifcompared to the second one, because this last one uses pure oxygen, whichis ideal for the effluent treatment to have excellent results. Despite theefficiency of the second process, it is also known that if it is applieddirectly in aerators of pre-existing surfaces, it will bring the need for largeinvestments in new installations, such as water treatment plants, because ifthis is not done the project will not work out.







provided to avoid loss of the injected air - this sealing can be done bymeans of a mechanic sealing system, rubber rings or other similar ways.Being formed this way, the chamber 12 encloses the pure oxygen in itsinterior, creating a rich atmosphere in oxygen that, through the splashaction, permits the gas to be slowly absorbed and immediately

incorporated and mixed in the liquid means.To implement this system it is necessary to observe the following factors :the gas must be enclosed to avoid its contact with the air before it is




21/47

dissolved; the contact area of the liquid gas must be large enough to permitthe oxygen dilution in the effluent, and the mix must be sufficient to dilutethe gas.







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22/47

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Title:Device for the injection and dissolution of oxygen in

water effluentsEuropean Patent Application EP1223148Kind Code:

A1

Abstract:

Conversion installation system of effluent treatment to be adapted tosuperficial aerators in effluent treatment to create a watertight area ofinjection and dissolution of pure oxygen which, diluted in liquid means,will promote the required treatment. It is proposed that basically a chamber(11) in the format of a cover device is enclosed, placed above the level ofthe liquid to be treated and defining internally a watertight chamber (12) of

pure oxygen conditioning injected through a superior entrance (13)

provided in the cover (11).

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23/47

Inventors:

Bacicurinski, Bernardo Mauricio (BR)Application Number:

EP20010890006Publication Date:

07/17/2002Filing Date:

01/10/2001View Patent Images:

Images are available in PDF form when logged in. To view PDFs,Login or Create Account (Free!)

Export Citation:Click for automatic bibliography generation




Domestic Patent References:EP0521241Apparatus for enriching waters with oxygen.

Foreign References:

6145815

System for enhanced gas dissolution having a hood

positioned over the impeller with segregating ringsGB1512225A




2. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to claim1, characterized in that a direct contact between the liquid and the coverwalls (11) is avoided, that the gas is enclosed, avoiding its contact with theair before it is dissolved, that the area of contact of the liquid gas is largeenough to permit oxygen dilution in the effluent and that the mix issufficient to dilute the gas.







24/47

such as a sealing system, are provided.




8. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to any ofthe claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column in

its interior, and that this control is done through a pressure controller thatreceives a sign of overpressure above a determined value and sendsanother sign to a solenoid valve that interrupts the oxygen supply.


10. Conversion installation system of effluent treatment according to anyof the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pressure control is placed in theinterior of the chamber (12), avoiding the variation of the liquid column in

its interior, and that this control is done through a timer that periodicallyinterrupts the oxygen supply by pre-adjustments.

Description:

The present report refers to a conversion installation system of effluenttreatment and, specifically, to a constructive system to be adapted tosuperficial effluent treatment aerators in a way to create a watertight areaof pure oxygen injection and dissolution which, diluted in liquid means,will promote the required treatment.

The goal of the present invention is to allow the conversion of effluenttreatment installations that were initially projected to deal with superficial

aerators into an installation that allows the usage of systems of pureoxygen injection to obtain remarkable efficiency levels in the dissolutionof this gas in liquid means.




equipments to such technology. In any process where oxygen must be usedto remove OBD or OCD, a high area of liquid gas is necessary and this isthe reason why there is a splash in conventional aerators, so that a better




25/47

incorporation of oxygen, due to the microbubbles of liquid formed, isallowed.


Therefore, nowadays it is possible to view the process of effluent treatmentthrough superficial aerators that present as a main basis of work the

dissolution of oxygen found in the air and the biological process that usespure oxygen. The first process presents inferior efficiency levels ifcompared to the second one, because this last one uses pure oxygen, whichis ideal for the effluent treatment to have excellent results. Despite theefficiency of the second process, it is also known that if it is applieddirectly in aerators of pre-existing surfaces, it will bring the need for largeinvestments in new installations, such as water treatment plants, because ifthis is not done the project will not work out.







provided to avoid loss of the injected air - this sealing can be done bymeans of a mechanic sealing system, rubber rings or other similar ways.Being formed this way, the chamber 12 encloses the pure oxygen in itsinterior, creating a rich atmosphere in oxygen that, through the splashaction, permits the gas to be slowly absorbed and immediatelyincorporated and mixed in the liquid means.

To implement this system it is necessary to observe the following factors :the gas must be enclosed to avoid its contact with the air before it isdissolved; the contact area of the liquid gas must be large enough to permitthe oxygen dilution in the effluent, and the mix must be sufficient to dilutethe gas.




26/47







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46661.[27.31%] Vorrichtungzur Anbringung einer Fase an einer Kante eines Werkstckes - Dok...Titel Vorrichtungzur Anbringung einer Fase an einer Kante eines Werkstckes Anmelder Baumgrtner, Hans Peter, 73072 Donzdorf,DE Vertreterhttp://www.patent-de.com/20020912/DE20206442U1.html - 7.5kb

46662.[27.31%] Vorrichtungzur Herstellung von Kleidung und Verfahren - Dokument DE69619889T2Titel Vorrichtungzur Herstellung von Kleidung und Verfahren Anmelder Shima Seiki Mfg. Ltd., Wakayama, JP Erfinder Shima,http://www.patent-de.com/20020912/DE69619889T2.html - 49.7kb

46663.[27.31%] Vorrichtungzur Aufreinigung von Alkohol, Saft, Sojasauce u.dgl. - Dokument ...Titel Vorrichtungzur Aufreinigung von Alkohol, Saft, Sojasauce u.dgl. Anmelder Tu, Reagan, Shi Chiu, Tainan, TW Vertreterhttp://www.patent-de.com/20020926/DE20208666U1.html - 7.6kb

46664.[27.31%] Waageartige Vorrichtungzur Prfung von Geldrollen - Dokument DE20209016U1Waageartige Vorrichtungzur Prfung von Geldrollen Anmelder Winter, Lieselotte, 69234 Dielheim, DE Vertreter Kammer, A.,http://www.patent-de.com/20020926/DE20209016U1.html - 7.3kb

46665.[27.31%] Vorrichtungzum Ausbringen von Schttgut - Dokument DE20206739U1Titel Vorrichtungzum Ausbringen von Schttgut Anmelder Kun, sen., Attila, 88709 Meersburg, DE; Kun, jun., Attila, 88709 Meersburg,DEhttp://www.patent-de.com/20020829/DE20206739U1.html - 7.3kb

46666.[27.31%] Vorrichtungzur Befestigung von Infrarotstrahlern in Blechksten mit Reflekt...Titel Vorrichtungzur Befestigung von Infrarotstrahlern in Blechksten mit Reflektoren Anmelder Feer, Klaus, 56244 Freirachdorf, DEhttp://www.patent-de.com/20020829/DE10062740A1.html - 16.6kb

46667.[27.31%] Verfahren und Vorrichtungzur Herstellung von Polysiliziumgranulaten - Dokum...und Vorrichtungzur Herstellung von Polysiliziumgranulaten Anmelder Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, KRErfinderhttp://www.patent-de.com/20020822/EP1223145.html - 37.6kb

46668.[27.31%] Vorrichtungzur Sauerstoffeinspritzung und -Auflsung in Abwasser - Dokument...

Titel Vorrichtungzur Sauerstoffeinspritzung und -Auflsung in Abwasser Anmelder Bacicurinski, Bernardo Mauricio, So Paulo, BRErfinderhttp://www.patent-de.com/20020822/EP1223148.html - 18.8kb

46669.[27.31%] Vorrichtungzum Umwandeln eines Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikstroms - Dokument E...Titel Vorrichtungzum Umwandeln eines Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikstroms Anmelder Krupp Bilstein GmbH, 58256 Ennepetal, DEErfinderhttp://www.patent-de.com/20020822/EP1223348.html - 22.1kb

46670.[27.31%] Vorrichtungund Verfahren zum induktiven Erwrmen einer Walze - Dokument EP1...Titel Vorrichtungund Verfahren zum induktiven Erwrmen einer Walze Anmelder Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo, JPErfinderhttp://www.patent-de.com/20020822/EP1222973.html - 8.3kb

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48 Revista Meio Ambiente Industrial

Efluentes

Contaminao Ambiental

por Emisses deAerossis, Volteis e Odor

Provocados por AeradoresBernardo Mauricio Bacicurinski;

Engenheiro mecnico; especialista em meio ambiente;

scio-gerente da Technion Consultoria

Formao de aerossis

O s aerossis podem ser definidoscomo partculas slidas ou lquidassuspensas em um meio gasoso (Cetesb,1978). As partculas, de tamanho va-rivel entre 0,001 a 1000 m, so es-

tveis no mnimo por alguns segundose, em certos casos, podem permanecersuspensas por um ano ou mais.

A palavra aerossol surgiu por vol-ta de 1920, em analogia ao termohidrossol, designao utilizada paradefinir uma suspenso lquida estvel.Apesar da expresso aerossol ser po-pularmente utilizada com referncia aprodutos pressurizados em embalagemtipo spray, o conceito cientfico maisabrangente, incluindo nesta termino-logia uma gama de fenmenos entreos quais fumaa, poeira, nvoa, nebli-na ou nuvem. (Cavinato, 1991)

Os aerossis so produzidos pordois mecanismos principais: conden-sao e disperso.

Nos produzidos por condensao,como neblinas e fumos, as partculas s-lidas formam, freqentemente, agrega-dos frouxos decorrentes da coagulaode um grande nmero de fragmentos de

forma esfrica ou cristalina regular.

Resumo

altamente difundido o uso deaeradores convencionais paratratamento de efluentes domsticose industriais que, pela gerao degotculas de lquido, conseguem in-corporar oxignio captado do ar,permitindo a oxigenao do meiopara oxidao qumica de resdu-os, alm de fornecer o oxignio ne-cessrio para respirao dos micro-organismos em processos de lodosativados ou mesmo nos processosde lagoas aeradas.

Apesar dos benefcios obtidoscom a aplicao de tal tecnologia,os aerossis formados no processotransportam a grandes distncias

(dependendo da velocidade do ven-to) microorganismos patognicos,comprometendo no s a sade dosoperadores da estao de tratamen-to, mas expondo, tambm, toda apopulao local contaminaopela absoro de vrus e bactriaspelo trato respiratrio.

Outros tipos de efeitos decorren-tes da atividade de aeradores adifuso de volteis e emanao de

odores no meio ambiente.

Os aerossis produzidos por disper-so resultam da desintegrao mecnicade materiais lquidos ou slidos, originan-do partculas com grande variao de as-pecto e tamanho, podendo estar isoladosou constituir aglomerados irregulares.

Nos corpos dgua, a emisso deaerossis por disperso ocorre freqen-temente, seja por respingos ou por bo-lhas de ar que, produzidas por ondas, que-das de gua e corredeiras, se rompem nasuperfcie lquida. Durante o processo deaerao, a quantidade de gua aerolizadapode variar de 0,1 a 2 porcento do volu-me de gua movimentado pelo splash.

As partculas de aerossol aderemfirmemente a qualquer superfcie decontato, sendo esta uma das proprie-

dades que distingue os aerossis das

Aerossis produzidos por condensao.

Fotos:Technion


29/47

Revista Meio Ambiente Industrial 49

Efluentes

Bactrias so os microorganismosmais comuns em efluentes brutos.Bactrias patognicas possuemcomprimento variando de 0,4 a 1,4m e largura de 0,2 a 1,2 m. Asbactrias mais comuns em efluen-tes so: Legionella, Salmonellatyphi, Shigellae Vibrio colrico.

Bactrias

molculas gasosas. As partculas sli-das ou lquidas, ao entrarem em conta-

to umas com as outras, normalmentese aderem, formando agregados naforma de complexos coloidais.

Os mtodos de coleta de aerossisse baseiam no conceito de foras deadeso das partculas a uma superf-cie, sendo estas afetadas pelo tipo dematerial, aspereza e contaminao dasuperfcie, umidade relativa, tempe-ratura, durao do contato e veloci-dade inicial de contato.

Contaminao por

Microorganismos

Constituio dos efluentes

Os esgotos costumam ser classifi-cados, de acordo com sua origem, emdois grupos principais:

Os esgotos sanitrios so consti-tudos essencialmente de despejos do-msticos provenientes de residncias,hospitais ou qualquer edificao quecontenha instalaes de utilizao deguas para fins domsticos.

A segunda categoria compreende asguas utilizadas para fins industriais, cujacomposio extremamente diversificada,dependendo do processo de fabricao.

Apesar de apresentar oscilaesquanto concentrao e composio

bacteriana, comum obter-se contagem

entre 104 e 107 bactrias por ml deefluente. A maior parte destas bactrias constituda pelo grupo coliformes, habi-tantes tpicos do intestino humano e de

outros animais homeotermos.Esses microorganismos so elimina-

dos com as fezes em grande quantidade(estima-se que cada pessoa seja respon-svel pela eliminao de 400 a 500 bilhesde coliformes por dia). A bactria colifor-me, salvo raras excees, no provocamdoenas, mas, quando excretadas por umapessoa doente, ela vem acompanhada pormicroorganismos patognicos, entre osquais virus, bactrias, protozorios e ver-

mes. por esta razo que a presena decoliformes utilizado como padro decontrole de qualidade de guas, sendo in-dicador da presena de fezes na gua.

Pesquisas recentes indicam que atransmisso do SARS (Sndrome Res-piratria Aguda) ocorre por uma mu-tao gentica do Coronavirus, e podeser transmitida pelo contato com pes-soas contaminadas e mesmo atravsdo trato respiratrio transportado peloar ou por gotculas de aerossis con-tendo patognicos. Esta sndrome foi

Sanitrios e Industriais

Aerossis produzidos por disperso

Anncio


30/47


Efluentes

Protozorios comuns em corpos degua so muito maiores que bact-rias e vrus. Para sobreviver s seve-ras condies ambientais, algumasespcies desenvolvem uma capa pro-tetora chamada cysto. Esta capaprotege os protozorios de proces-sos comuns de desinfeco, facili-tando, assim, a disseminao de do-enas. Os principais agentes encon-trados em efluentes brutos soGirdiae Cryptosporidium

Protozorio

Vrus so inativos quando fora de umaclula hospedeira. Quando vinculadosa aerossis, possuem a cobertura deprotenas que os protege do meio.Sua dimenso pode variar de 0,2 a0,9 m e, diferentemente de bactri-as e protozorios, possuem apenasum cido nuclico (DNA ou RNA).

Vrus

Transmisso de doenas

Doenas podem ser transmitidas aseres humanos diretamente, atravs do

contato com a pele, ingesto e inala-o de agentes infecciosos, ou indire-tamente, atravs do contato com obje-tos previamente contaminados.

A transmisso de doenas atravsde aerossis depende de uma srie deinter-relaes complexas entre o pos-svel hospedeiro e o agente infeccioso.

Estas variveis incluem:

b) concentrao dos agentes infec-ciosos necessrios para uma infec-o inicial (dose infecciosa);

c) relao entre o poder de transmis-so de doenas do agente infec-cioso e a susceptibilidade do hos-pedeiro doena;

a) concentrao de microorganismos

na gua a ser tratada;

Para que ocorra a infeco por viaarea, necessria a inalao do agen-te infeccioso e posterior reteno no tra-to respiratrio, em local prprio ao seudesenvolvimento.

O grau de infectividade est rela-

cionado ao tamanho das partculas e

mesetneserpsosoiccefnietnemlaicnetopsnumocsiamsetnegAsodatart-onsetneulfe

ocingotaP adacovorPaneoDoirozotorP

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sediocirbmulsiracsA esoiracsAmuussiracs otieponrodeessoT

lanedoudamotsolycnA esomotsolicnAsunaciremarotaceN esomotsolicnA-lanedoudelanitsetniocefnI

amotsolicnA easomotsolicnAaruihcirtsiruhcirT osepedadrep,aimena,airraiD

aineaT socigloruensamelborp,aixerona,ainsnIsinacaracoxoT seralucsumserod,lanitsetniotrofnocsed,erbeF

anaNsipelonemiH sisaineaTsiralucimrevsurivoretmE airraiD

susolunargsurivoretnE airraiDairtcaB

pssallegihS seralucosecefni,railicabairetnesiD)sopiteretse0071(allenomlaS etilocoretne,etrofairraiD

ilocaihcirehcsE airraiDacitilocoretneainisreY etilocoretneeevargranomlupocefnI

pssaripsotpeL )sniretnemlapicnirp(adazilarenegocefnIallenoigeL caitnoPerbef,ainomuenP

inujejretcabolipmaC lanitsetniocefnIearelohcoirbiV airraideerbef,arelC

surV

survoretnE )surivoretnesovoneoilpsiauqsoertne,sopit27( etivitnujnoceairraiDAopitsititapeH asoiccefnisititapeH

)sopit74(surivonedA etivitnujnocesairtaripsersecefni,airraiD)sopit4(surivatoR erbefeairraid,sianimodbaserod,sotimv,saesuN

)sopit3(surivovraP osoiccefniametirEtnegaklawroN sotimv,etiretneortsaG

)sopit3(surivoeR sairtaripsersecefnI)sopit5(surivortsA airraiD)sopit2(suriviclaC acirtidepairraiD

surivanoroC airraideerbef,sairtaripsersecefnIsuriveikcasxoC .cte,erbef,setitapeh,ainomuenp,setignineM

surivohcE .cte,erbef,setitapeh,ainomuenp,setignineMsurivoiloP setileimoiloP

responsvel pela contaminao de8380 pessoas na China em novembrode 2002, provocando 770 mortes.


31/47


Efluentes

,saidmesomsinagroorcimsnuglaedaicnviverbosedopmeT

C03-02edetneibmaarutarepmet somsinagroorciM etneulfeeaug soiR oloSsuriV a

surivoretnE b 05


32/47


Efluentesde umidade); pH; ndice pluviomtricolocal; nvel de radiao solar (maiorincidncia de raios solares so preju-diciais sobrevivncia de micro-

organismos); e, finalmente, a faunacompetitiva local.

O grau de sobrevivncia de micro-organismos apresenta grandes flutua-es em diferentes condies.

Grau de difuso

de aerossis sob ao

do vento

Em experincia realizadas, foram

encontrados coliformes fecais carrega-dos entre 90 e 120 metros da fonte deemisso, quando submetidos a uma ve-locidade do vento de 1,5 m/s, e estimou-se que partculas finas poderiam ser car-regadas entre 300 a 400 metros da fon-te de emisso, quando submetidas a umavelocidade do vento de 5 m/s.

Outros estudos revelam uma con-centrao de colnias de 485 unidadespor metro cbico (CFU/m3) a uma dis-tncia de 21 a 30 metros da fonte gera-dora. Outro estudo detectou uma con-centrao de 37 CFU a 200 metros dafonte geradora (Bausum et al., 1983).

Durante estudos em Israel foramcoletadas amostras de echovirus 7

coletados a uma distncia de 40 metrosda fonte geradora (sprinklers que utili-zavam gua coletada de efluente comapenas tratamento primrio) (Teltsch e

Katzenelson, 1978).Em estudos realizados no valo de oxi-

dao em Riacho Grande, So Bernardodo Campo - SP foram encontradas part-culas emitidas a uma distncia de 40 metrosda fonte sob uma ao do vento corres-pondente a 5 m/s (Cavinato et al., 1999).

Disperso de Volteis - VOCs

VOCs so formados por materiais

gasosos, constitudos por componentestxicos, muitas vezes cancergenos eprecursores de ozono. Estes elementosvolteis so dispersos no meio pelos se-guintes mecanismos:

Volatilizao Evaporao Biodegradao Fotodecomposio

Volatilizao o mecanismo mais

importante de emisso atmosfrica, eocorre quando molculas de um com-posto dissolvido escapa para a atmos-fera como uma disperso gasosa.

O gradiente de volatilizao nainterface ar-gua depende da concentra-

o e das propriedades do componente,caractersticas do efluente e do meio ga-soso adjacente ao lquido. A volatilizaopode ocorrer a baixas temperaturas.

A biodegradao ocorre pela diges-to dos microorganismos, quebrandocompostos orgnicos em unidades me-nores, dependendo o gradiente de de-composio das caractersticas da biotaexistente no tratamento.

Anncio


33/47


34/47


EfluentessacitsretcaracsiapicnirpsauserodoedoaregedsetnoF

odemoNetnenopmoc alumrF

oseP-elomraluc

-adilitaloVCo52aed)v/v(mpp

edetimiLoceted)v/v(mpp

edetimiL-emicehnocer)v/v(mppotn

ocitsretcaracrodO

odedlatecA OHC3HC 44 sG 760,0 12,0 aturf,etnatirrI

anatpacremlilA HS2HCHC:2HC 47 100,0 5100,0 ohla,levdargaseDainmA 3HN 71 sG 71 73 etnatirri,etnarteneP

anatpacremlimA HS4)2HC(3HC 401 3000,0 - erdoP

anatpacremlyzneB HS2HC5H6C 421 2000,0 6200,0 etrof,levdargaseD

animalytuB-n 2HN)2HC(3HC 37 00039 80,0 8,1 ainma,erca,odezA

orolC 2lC 17 sG 80,0 13,0 etnacofus,etnegnuP

animalytubiD HN2)9H4C( 921 0008 610,0 - exieP

animaliporposiiD HN2)7H3C( 101 31,0 83,0 exieP

animalitemiD HN2)3HC( 54 sG 43,0 - erdopexieP

otefluslitemiD S2)3HC( 26 000038 100,0 100,0 erdopohlopeR

otefluslinefiD S2)5H6C( 681 001 1000,0 1200,0 levdargaseD

animalitE 2HN5H2C 54 sG 72,0 7,1 ainmA

anatpacremlitE HS5H2C 26 000017 3000,0 100,0 erdopohlopeR

ocirdflussG S2H 43 sG 5000,0 7400,0 erdopovO

elodn HN)2HC(4H6C 711 063 1000,0 - laceF

animaliteM 2HN3HC 13 sG 7,4 - erdopexieP

anatpacremliteM HS3HC 84 sG 5000,0 100,0 erdopohlopeR

oinzO 3O 84 sG 5,0 - etnatirri,etnarteneP

anatpacremlineF HS5H6C 011 0002 3000,0 5100,0 erdopohlA

anatpacremliporP HS7H3C 67 000022 5000,0 20,0 levdargaseD

anidiriP N5H5C 97 00072 66,0 47,0 etnatirri,etnarteneP

lotacsE N9H9C 131 002 100,0 50,0 odnubaesuan,laceF

erfoxneesodixiD 2OS 46 sG 7,2 4,4 etnatirri,etnarteneP

losercoiT HS4H6C3HC 421 1000,0 -

animalitemirT N3)3HC( 95 sG 4000,0 - exiep,etnarteneP

Esgotos domsticos possuem 3-6mg/l de enxofre e derivados em res-duos orgnicos provenientes de deri-vados de protenas, mais aproximada-

mente 4 mg/l provenientes de detergen-tes domsticos e 60 mg/l provenientesde matria inorgnica.

Em lagoas facultativas, os odorespodem ser produzidos em diversas cir-cunstncias. Freqentemente, sua ori-gem provm da decomposio de mas-sas de algas acumuladas pela ao dovento nas margens das mesmas.

Em outros casos, principalmente emlagoas pouco profundas, quando a tem-

peratura da gua elevada, capas delodo podem flotar do fundo e subir su-perfcie. Estas massas de resduos or-gnicos acabam acumulando nas mar-gens e ficando cobertas de algas cian-filas. Em geral, a atividade bacteriananestes casos intensa e a gerao deodor inevitvel.

O grande desafio dos projetistas, ope-radores e tcnicos responsveis pelasestaes de tratamento justamente ten-tar controlar os odores gerados pelas es-taes, buscando solues e alternativasque diminuam seu impacto ambiental.

A tabela ao lado indica algumas fon-tes de gerao de odor e suas princi-pais caractersticas.

Sistema proposto

Foi desenvolvido e patenteado noBrasil um sistema que permite a elimi-nao completa dos aerossis geradospelos aeradores fixos (tanto aeradores

verticais, quanto valos de oxidao) esistemas com aeradores flutuantes.Basicamente, o sistema consiste

de uma cobertura, dimensionada es-pecificamente para cada caso, quepermite manter a integridade do

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Efluentes

Bibliografia

Bacicurinski B. M. e Mattio J. A.;

Eliminao de Odores Utilizando Siste-ma de Lodos Ativados, Revista Meio Am-biente Industrial 32: pgs 112-117, 2001.

Jimnez Rodrigo et al.; Investigationof the Emission of Monocyclic AromaticHydrocarbons from a WastewaterTreatment Plant at Lauzane (Switzer-land) by Differential Optical AbsorptionSpectroscopy, Atmospheric Environ-ment, 1999.

Tansel Berrin and Eyma Ronald;Volatile Organic Contaminant Emissionsfrom Wastewater Treatment Plants DuringSecondary Treatment, Water, Air and

Soil Pollution 112: 315-325,1999.

Smith James E. and Farrell JosephB.; Fate of Pathogens During the SewageSludge Treatment Process and After LandApplication, EPA; 2003.

Grabow Willie; SARS can it beTransmitted by Water, Water21 pp 21-25, August 2003.

Bacicurinski B. M.; Relatrio deTestes de Campnulas, apresentado Petrleo Brasileiro Petrobrs, REVAP -Refinaria do Vale do Paraba, 2000.

Bacicurinski B. M.; Relatrio e Ma-nual de Operao das Campnulas,apresentado Petrleo BrasileiroPetrobrs RECAP Refinaria de

Capuava , 2001.

splash, sem mudar as caractersticasde mistura, portanto, a suspenso de

slidos, e ainda permite (caso haja anecessidade de aumentar a capaci-dade de tratamento da estao e/ousua eficincia) transformar a estao,que inicialmente trabalhava com arconvencional, para oxignio puro.Caso no seja necessria a transfor-mao, o sistema dotado de sopra-dor que insufla a quantidade de arnecessria para obter a eficincia ne-cessria de tratamento.

O custo desta transformao sensivelmente inferior ao de uma re-forma total, e pode ser executado coma estao em pleno funcionamento,sem provocar nenhuma interrupono processo de tratamento inicial e

causar, assim, transtornos para o pro-cesso industrial.

Outra vantagem do sistema desen-volvido a eliminao de odores, con-teno de volteis e reduo sensveldo nvel de rudos.

Medies de campo efetuadas porcromatografia permitiram detectaruma reduo de 70% na emisso devolteis nos tanques de aerao apsa implementao do sistema.

O sistema foi desenvolvido commateriais de alta resistncia em par-ceria com fornecedores nacionais, ga-

rantindo, assim, um sistema seguro eduradouro, sem praticamente nenhumcusto adicional de manuteno duran-te a vida do mesmo, por se tratar deum equipamento esttico.

Estao trabalhando antes da implantao do sistema (esquerda) e a mesma estaotrabalhando aps a implantao do sistema (direita)

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Eliminao de odores

IntroduoIntroduoIntroduoIntroduoIntroduo

Um dos problemas mais comunsencontrados em processos de produ-o e em estaes de tratamentos deefluentes a formao de odores, prin-cipalmente em tratamentos sanitriosque afetam no s o pessoaloperacional envolvido, mas a comu-nidade existente nas proximidades.

Podemos identificar como algumas

fontes geradoras deste efeito a presen-a de sulfetos, mercaptanas, amniae compostos orgnicos de enxofre enitrognio.

Indstrias que envolvem a geraode odores indesejveis incluem, entre

outras, a produo de plsticos, ma-nufatura de borracha, processos daindstria alimentcia (processamentode carnes e peixes), indstrias de pa-pel e celulose, indstria farmacuticae estaes de tratamento de efluentes,particularmente o processamento econdicionamento de lodo produzidonas estaes.

Normalmente, os odores so devi-dos aos gases formados pela decom-

posio de matria orgnica.guas residuais de origem indus-

trial possuem odor caracterstico dosprodutos que as compe, de formageral desagradvel, mas bem mais to-lervel que guas residuais de origem

sanitria e que possuem odor caracte-rstico de gs sulfdrico ( H

2S), gera-

do por microorganismos anaerbiosque reduzem os sulfatos a sulfitos.

Esgotos domsticos possuem 3-6mg/l de enxofre e derivados em res-duos orgnicos provenientes de deri-vados de protenas, mais aproximada-mente 4 mg/l provenientes de deter-gentes domsticos e 60 mg/l proveni-entes de matria inorgnica.

Em lagoas facultativas os odorespodem ser produzidos em diversascircunstncias. Freqentemente, suaorigem provm da decomposio demassas de algas acumuladas pela aodo vento nas margens das mesmas.

Eliminao de odores

utilizando Sistema deLodos Ativados

Bernardo M. Bacicurinski

engenheiro mecnico, especialista em Meio Ambiente, diretor tcnico da Technion Consultoria

Jos Alfredo Mattio

engenheiro qumico, gerente de Mercado Meio Ambiente da Air Liquide Brasil


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Eliminao de odores

Em outros casos, principalmenteem lagoas pouco profundas, quandoa temperatura da gua elevada, ca-pas de lodo podem flotar do fundo e

subir superfcie. Estas massas de re-sduos orgnicos acabam acumulan-do nas margens e ficando cobertas dealgas cianfilas. Em geral, a ativida-de bacteriana nestes casos intensa ea gerao de odor inevitvel.

O grande desafio dos projetistas,operadores e tcnicos responsveispelas estaes de tratamento justa-mente tentar controlar os odores ge-

rados pelas estaes, buscando solu-es e alternativas que diminuam seuimpacto ambiental.

A tabela abaixo indica algumas

fontes de gerao de odor e suas prin-cipais caractersticas:

Sistema PSistema PSistema PSistema PSistema Propostoropostoropostoropostoroposto

Como mostrado na tabela acima,a maior parte das substncias gerado-ras de odor gasosa sob presso at-mosfrica ou possui alta volatilidade.A volatilidade mostrada na tabela

por partes por milho (ppm[v/v]) e igual presso de vapor. O pesomolecular destas substncias geral-mente se encontram em valores entre

30 a 150. Normalmente, baixo pesomolecular de um componente, impli-ca alta presso de vapor e maior po-tencial de emisso na atmosfera.Substncias com alto peso molecularso normalmente menos volteis eassim menor seu potencial de emis-so atmosfrica.

Tradicionalmente os odores so tra-tados utilizando trs processos, sendo:

odemoNetnenopmoc

alumrF oseP

ralucelomaedadilitaloV)v/v(mppCo52

ocetededetimiL)v/v(mpp

edetimiLotnemicehnocer

)v/v(mpp

ocitsretcaracrodO

odedlatecA HC3

OHC 44 sG 760,0 12,0 aturf,etnatirrI

anatpacremlilA HC2

HCHC:2

HS 47 100,0 5100,0 ohla,levdargaseD

ainmA HN3

71 sG 71 73 etnatirri,etnarteneP

anatpacremlimA HC3

HC(2)4

HS 401 3000,0 - erdoP

anatpacremlyzneB C6H

5 HC

2 HS 421 2000,0 6200,0 etrof,levdargaseD

animalytuB-n HC3

HC(2

HN)2

37 00039 080,0 8,1 ainma,erca,odezA

orolC lC2

17 sG 080,0 13,0 etnacofus,etnegnuP

animalytubiD C( 4H9)2 HN 921 0008 610,0 - exieP

animaliporposiiD C(3H

7)2

HN 101 31,0 83,0 exieP

animalitemiD HC(3)2

HN 54 sG 43,0 - erdopexieP

otefluslitemiD HC(3)2S 26 000038 100,0 100,0 erdopohlopeR

otefluslinefiD C(6H

5)2S 681 001 1000,0 1200,0 levdargaseD

animalitE C2H

5 HN

2 54 sG 72,0 7,1 ainmA

anatpacremlitE C2H

5 HS 26 000017 3000,0 100,0 erdopohlopeR

ocirdflussG H2S 43 sG 5000,0 7400,0 erdopovO

elodn C6H

4 HC(

2 HN) 711 063 1000,0 - laceF

animaliteM HC 3 HN 2 13 sG 7,4 - erdopexieP

anatpacremliteM HC3

HS 84 sG 5000,0 0100,0 erdopohlopeR

oinzO O3

84 sG 5,0 - etnatirri,etnarteneP

anatpacremlineF C6H

5 HS 011 0002 3000,0 5100,0 erdopohlA

anatpacremliporP C3H

7 HS 67 000022 5000,0 020,0 levdargaseD

anidiriP C5H

5N 97 00072 66,0 47,0 etnatirri,etnarteneP

lotacsE C9H

9N 131 002 100,0 050,0 odnubaesuan,laceF

erfoxneesodixiD OS2

46 sG 7,2 4,4 etnatirri,etnarteneP

losercoiT HC3C

6H

4 HS 421 1000,0 -

animalitemirT HC( 3)3N 95 sG 4000,0 - exiep,etnarteneP


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Eliminao de odores

- Biolgico - Biofiltros,biotecnologia;

- Qumico Lavadores de gases(scrubbers), oxidao;

- Fsico Condensao, filtrosde carvo ativo.

O tratamento biolgico para abatimen-to de odores tem ganhado importncia nosanos 90, no s pelo baixo custo apresen-tado para implementar o sistema, mas pelaboa eficincia apresentada. Neste proces-so, o aproveitamento de reatores biolgi-cos (lodos ativados) vem crescendo ano aano e uma boa opo para estaes que

j possuem estes sistemas.Os mecanismos de difuso do gsno meio lquido compreendem os se-guintes mecanismos:

Absoro Dissoluo do gs nomeio lquido. Componentes res-ponsveis pela gerao de odor soinjetados na forma de gs no meiolquido. Elementos solveis emgua (tais como gs sulfdrico) so

absorvidos pelo lquido. A capa-cidade de absoro do gs fun-o da rea de contatodas bolhas, tempo decontato e o coeficientede difuso do gs.

Adsoro Componen-tes com baixa solubili-dade so adsorvidosdentro do floco. Algunscomponentes com altopeso molecular e baixasolubilidade so fisica-mente adsorvidos dentrodo floco biolgico, quedeve estar numa concen-trao de 100 a 2.000mg/l no meio lquido.

Condensao Elemen-tos volteis a altas tem-peraturas condensamem contato com o meiolquido que est a tem-

peraturas mais baixas.

Oxidao Biolgica Consistena digesto de componentes pormicroorganismos ativos no floco eque foram inicialmente

adsorvidos.Estes mecanismos so seguidos

de digesto biolgica promovidapelos microorganismos existentesno reator biolgico.

Os gases so recolhidos em suafonte de gerao e transferidos porsopradores a dutos que transportame injetam estes gases dentro doreator biolgico.

Performance de remoo de odo-

res utilizando lodos ativados:

Como limitao da tcnica,pode-se apontar:

1. aumento de carga orgnica no re-ator biolgico;

2. a introduo de sulfetos (depen-dendo da quantidade) no reator bi-

olgico, inibe a nitrificao e podeprovocar bulking (lodo fofo) no

sistema. O grau de inibio depen-de da concentrao de H

2S intro-

duzido, da composio eaclimatao da biomassa existen-

te no tanque, da temperatura na

aicntsbuS aicnicifE

oomered

agracedlevN

)d/SSLM-gk/g( saicnrefeR

*XETB 99> d/l/XETB71-51 7991,..latetdlefeleiB

S2H 69 7 6891,..lateamayukuF

S2H 59 51

alitemidedotefluS 53 l/l2,0

onobr

folder tecnologias

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