合宿ネットワークにおけるipv6 only...

WIDE Technical-Report in 2014

合宿ネットワークにおける IPv6only 化実験

wide-tr-camp1409-v6-experiment-00.pdf

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WIDE Project : http://www.wide.ad.jp/

If you have any comments on WIDE documents, please contact [email protected]

Title: 合宿ネットワークにおける IPv6 only 化実験Author(s): 櫨山寛章 ([email protected]), 田川真樹

([email protected]), 石原知洋 ([email protected]),垣内正年 ([email protected])

Date: 2014-09-23

IPv6 only

([email protected]) ([email protected])

([email protected]) ([email protected])

2014 9 19

1

World IPv6 day World IPv6 Launch

IPv6

IPv6 6

2011 5

IPv6

IPv6 IPv4

IPv4/IPv6

OS

IPv4/IPv6

2011 9 WIDE

DNS64, NAT64, DHCPv6

IPv6

IPv6 only

IPv6 only “

” [1] IPv6

only

20 OS IPv6 only

IPv4

IPv6

OS VPN

IPv6

IPv4

Android OS

IPv4 LAN

DNS IPv4

OS IPv6

2011 9 WIDE

IPv4 over IPv6 murakami-

4RD [2] IPv4

IPv4/IPv6

WIDE

murakami-4RD IETF softwire WG

MAP-E MAP-E JANOG

Interop Tokyo

2014 9 MAP-E

RFC Publication

Requested [3]

MAP-E

2011 9 WIDE 2013 3

WIDE

464

DNS64/NAT64

Georgescu 464

[4] live-with-ipv6 WG

DNS64/NAT64 IPv4 Address Literal

DNS

[5]

3

DNS64/NAT64

2014 9 WIDE

2011 9

WIDE IPv6 only

IPv6 HappyEyeball

2011 3 3

live-with-ipv6 WG NTT Advanced

Technology NTT-AT

DNS64/NAT64

1

rtr-seilIIJ

modem.ipstar IPSTAR

WIDE CAMP 1409 (L3)2014. 9. 7 rev.10

IPv4 Prefix IPv6 Prefix

>100 : mgmt 172.16.10.0/24 hoge:ff10::/64110 : mgmt-aruba 172.16.11.0/24 hoge:ff11::/64>200 : flets - -210 : ipstar-nat44 - ->300 : server 172.16.30.0/24 hoge:ff30::/64> 700 : life-nat64 172.16.70.0/24 hoge:ff70::/64710 : life-nat64-1x 172.16.71.0/24 hoge:ff71::/64 720 : life-nat64-sunset4 - hoge:ff72::/64 790 : life-lastresort 172.16.79.0/24 -

172.16.0.0/16 hoge:ff00::/56VLAN ID (NAME)

aruba

v110 mgmt-aruba ap 01-14

InternetIIJ

v790 life-lastresort -172.16.79.0/24

v720 life-nat64-sunset4 -hoge:ff72::/64

v710 life-nat64-1x -172.16.71.0/24, hoge:ff71::/64

v700 life-net64 -172.16.70.0/24, hoge:ff70::/64

v300 server -172.16.30.0/24, hoge:ff30::/64

-172.16.11.0/24, hoge:ff11::/64

＊hoge は Flets の DHCP-PD から割り当てられるプレフィックス

v200 flets-

v210 ipstar-nat44-

v100 mgmt-172.16.10.0/24, hoge:ff10::/64

Kobe Institute of Computing

JSAT

IPStar

IPStar

1: 3

HappyEyeball A Record Filter [6]

NTT-AT

IPv6

2011 9 WIDE

wlanops WG 802.1x

LAN

live-with-ipv6 WG DNS64/NAT64

2

3

4

200

1 1

112

9

7

5

6

14

LAN 0

LAN 1

juniper6.naraNAIST B108

intertrackNAIST A308

rtr-seilIIJ

nat64-pf

dns-auth

dns64

onu

bigip

700,710,720,790

100,110

100,11

0,300,

700,72

0,790

300

300

300

all

VLAN ID(NAME)

100 mgmt110 mgmt-aruba

210 ipstar-nat44

300 server

700 life-nat64710 life-nat64-1x720 life-nat64-sunset4730 life-lastresort790 life-lastresort

890 NAIST-CAMP

172.16.0.0/12

172.16.10.0/24 172.16.11.0/24

172.16.30.0/24

172.16.70.0/24 172.16.71.0/24

172.16.73.0/24 172.16.79.0/24

203.178.156.0/22

2409:12:6080:110::/64

2409:12:6080:130::/64

2409:12:6080:170::/64 2409:12:6080:171::/64 2409:12:6080:172::/64

WIDE BBDojima IIJ

onu

router

server

balancer controller

switch

ap

poe

mirror

peerapp

natpoolnat64-pf 203.178.156.64/28

bigip 203.178.156.80/28

8

10

aruba-ctlAruba

sorオリオスペック

adsmac pro

icocaIntel

kato-lab

WIDECAMP1409L2 rev10

2 1

NAIST

MatsusiroRoyal Hotel

KIC

13-141

10

11-141

10

11-14

11-14

sw-esidePanasonic

sw-plenaryAllide telesis

sw-bofHitachi cable

100,110,200,210

100,110,200

100,

110,

200,

210,

300,

700,

720,

790

poe-03

poe-01 poe-02

poe-04

ap-03

ap-06ap-07

ap-08ap-01ap-02

ap-09

ap-10ap-11

ap-12

ap-13

ap-14ap-15

ap-17

sw-noccisco

IPStar

011

peerup

2: 1, 2

2.1 3

1 3

1 VLAN

IIJ

SEIL IPoE IIJ

DHCP-PD client /56 IPv6

IPv4 PPPoE NAT44

IPStar IPv4

Aruba SSID 5 LAN

• camp1409-nat64 : DNS64/NAT642 hidden

• camp1409-nat64-1x : DNS64/NAT64802.1x

• camp1409-nat64-sunset4 : DNS64/NAT64ProxyARP sunset4

• camp1409-ipstar : IPStar IPv4only

• camp1409-lastresort : SEIL IPv4 PPPoENAT44 IPv4 only

hidden IPv4

2

2.2 1 2

2 VLAN

IPv6

DNS64 NAT64 DNS64/NAT64

WIDE Nara NOC

BIND

DNS64 DNS A Record Filter 3

KVM NAT64

OpenBSD Packet Filter

NTT-AT BIG-IP LTM/GTM Vir-

tual Edition on KVM Hypervisor DNS64/NAT64

BIG-IP

DNS64/NAT64

PeerApp UltraBand SEIL

VLAN

ONU SEIL VLAN 200

sw-noc cisco catalyst 3750 SEIL

SEIL DHCP4, DHCP6, DNS

Forwarder . icoca NTP

SYSLOG BIND DNS forwarder

SNMP

IIJ

delegate IPv6

DNS

camp1409-lastresort (vlan 730,790) IPv4

VLAN SEIL DNS forwarder

DHCP4 IPv4

SEIL default gateway

DHCP4

IPv4 1.1.1.1 192.0.2.1 DHCP4

VPN

Cliant

SEILSEISE

Fo

IEI

FFoooor

IL

ooooooorrrrrrrrrrrrrwarder)

BIGIG-GGGGGGGG-IPBIIGG IIPP

(DNS64)

NAIST NAIST

DNS

IPv6:53

IPv4:53

IPv6 only backbone

IPv4 (DHCP4)

IPv6 (RA + DHCP6)

IPv6:53

IPv6:53

IPv6:53

3: DNS 1

1: when DNS_RESPONSE {2: set prefix "2001:200:0:ff00:64:1:"3: set rrs [DNS::answer]4: if { [DNS::question type] equals "ANY" } {5: foreach rr $rrs {6: if { [DNS::type $rr] equals "A" } {7: log local0. "A Record is \[ $rr \]"8: set a_addr [getfield $rr "A" 2]9: DNS::answer remove $rr

10: DNS::answer insert "[DNS::question name]. 111[DNS::question class] AAAA $prefix[format %02x[lindex [split $a_addr .] 0]][format %02x[lindex [split $a_addr .] 1]]:[format %02x[lindex [split $a_addr .] 2]][format %02x[lindex [split $a_addr .] 3]]"

11: }12: }13: }

4: BIG-IP iRule A Record Filter (rev.0)

3 DNS64/NAT64

BIG-IP DNS64/NAT64 BIG-

IP A Record Filter

3.1 1

bind A Record Filter

BIG-IP A Record Filter

3.1.1

3 1 1

IPv4 DNS SEIL DNS fowarder

3

;; QUESTION SECTION:;www.ntt-at.co.jp. IN ANY;; ANSWER SECTION:www.ntt-at.co.jp. 47488 IN A 114.179.21.42

5: A Record Filter DNS Response

;; QUESTION SECTION:;www.ntt-at.co.jp. IN ANY;; ANSWER SECTION:www.ntt-at.co.jp. 111 IN AAAA 2001:200:0:ff00:64:1:72b3:152a

6: A Record Filter DNS Response

IPv6 DNS BIG-

IP DNS64 SEIL Stateless

DHCP6

BIG-IP iRule A Record Filter

4 ANY

A mapped address

A Record Filter

DNS Response 5 A Record Filter

6 mapped IPv6

AAAA iRule

4 question type A DNS

A question type

A 7

iRule A Record Filter

8

3.1.2

7 A Record Filter

Facebook

BIG-IP

[Browser] IPv4:AAAA Query → [BIG-IP] AAAA Re-sponse (Native IPv6 address) → [SEIL] SERVFAIL

SEIL SERVFAIL

SEIL

FormError SERVFAIL

Akamai



11: } elseif { [DNS::question type] equals "A" } {12: log local0. "A Record \[ $rrs \] is DELETED.

DNS::answer clear13: }14: }15: }


C:\bind>dig @BIG-IP.naist.camp.wide.ad.jp www.ntt-at.co.jp a; DiG 9.8.7-W1 @BIG-IP.naist.camp.wide.ad.jp www.ntt-at.co.jp a; (1 server found);; global options: +cmd;; Got answer:;; ->>HEADER

Cliant BIGIG-GGGGGGGG-IPBIIGGG IIPP

(DNS64)

NAIST NAIST

DNSIPv6:53

IPv4:53

IPv6 only backbone

IPv4 (DHCP4)

IPv6 (RA + DHCP6)

BINDBIND

(Forwarder)IPv6:53

IPv6:53

IPv6:53

IPv6:53

9: DNS 2

Cliant BIGIG-GGGGG-IPBIIGGG IIPP

(DNS64)

NAIST NAIST

DNS

IPv6:53

IPv4:53

IPv6 only backbone

IPv4 (DHCP4)

IPv6 (RA + DHCP6)

BINDBIND

(Forwarder)

IPv6:53

IPv6:53

IPv6:53

10: DNS 3

1: [Browser] IPv4:A Query → [BIG-IP] A FilteredResponse → [BIND] SERVFAIL

2: [Browser] IPv6:A Query → [BIG-IP] A FilteredResponse → [BIND] SERVFAIL

3:

1 A

A Record Filter NOERROR

AAAA

2 BIND forwarder

NOERROR Respose SERVFAIL

3.3 3

2 IPv6

BIND BIG-IP

3.3.1



11: } elseif { [DNS::question type] equals "A" } {12: log local0. "A Record \[ $rrs \] is DELETED.13: DNS::answer clear14: DNS::authority clear14: }16: }17: }


C:\bind>dig @BIG-IP.naist.camp.wide.ad.jp www.ntt-at.co.jp a; DiG 9.8.7-W1 @BIG-IP.naist.camp.wide.ad.jp www.ntt-at.co.jp a; (1 server found);; global options: +cmd;; Got answer:;; ->>HEADER

Cliant BIGIG-GGGGG-IPBIIGGG IIPP(DNS64)

NAIST NAISTDNS

IPv6:53

IPv4:53

IPv6 only backbone

IPv4 (DHCP4)

IPv6 (RA + DHCP6)

BINDBIND(Forwarder)

UbuntuUbuuntuUbuGateway for raatteewwaayy forGGaaaa

rrrreturn ICMP rrrrrrrrreeetttttuurrnn IIProtocol

PPIICCMMPPll Unreachch)

TCP4

IPv6:53

IPv6:53

IPv6:53

13: DNS 4

3.

2 IPv4 DNS

(OS) DNS

mirror.centos.org A

AAAA SERV-

FAIL

WIDE

RFC4074 [7]

DNS

AAAA

AAAA SERVFAIL

BIG-IP DNS64 [8]

A (DNS64 AAAA)

3.4 4

3 iOS

7 Facebook App Store

live-with-ipv6 WG

3.4.1

10

4 Facebook

App Store

ARP

ARP IPv6 fallback

HappyEyeball Facebook App Store

DHCP4

IPv4 Ubunutu 14.4LTS) iptables

ICMP4 type 3 Destination

Unreachable

IPv6 fallback

3.4.2

ICMP4 type 3 Destination Unreachable

code

• code 0 - Network Unreachable :TCPDUMP

Facebook App Store

Facebook IPv4 443

31.13.17.49:443, 31.13.19.101:443 TCP4

• code 3 - Port unreachable : 443

1 IPv6

• code 2 - Protocol unreachable : FacebookApp Store

TCP, UDP, ICMP

Protocol code

Port unreachable

• code 9 - Communication with DestinationNetwork is Administratively Prohibited :

code Protocol

Unreachable

6

14: BIG-IP CPU

15: BIG-IP

3.5 BIG-IP

BIG-IP

BIG-IP LTM/GTM Virtual Edition on KVM

Hypervisor Through-

put 1Gbps License

Dell PowerEdge R620, In-

tel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2660 0 @ 2.20GHz 2

64

BIG-IP CPU 2

4

14 BIG-IP CPU

15 BIG-IP

CPU 10

1,400

80 /

80Mbps

PeerApp UltraBand

17Mbps

DNS

3.6

BIG-IP

A Record Filter

A Record Filter DNS

Parse Form Validation

DNS Forwarder FormError

SERVFAIL

A Record Filter

ICMP4 type 3 Destination Unreachable

code 3 - Port unreachable

code 2 Protocol Unreachable code 9 - Com-

munication with Destination Network is Administra-

tively Prohibited

live-with-ipv6

WG code 9 - Communication with

Destination Network is Administratively Prohibited

IPv4 IPv6 only network

DNS64/NAT64

A Record Filter

ICMP4 type 3 code 9

OS

7

code 9

A Record Filter DNS

AAAA A

IPv4 HappyEyeball

DNS For-

warder FormError, SERVFAIL

A Record Filter

live-with-ipv6 WG

DNS64/NAT64 WiFi

A Record Filter ICMP4 type 3

destination unreach

WIDE 2014 12

VPN Skype Dropbox

IPv4

Skype Polycom

RealPressence

IPv4

NAT44 IPv4

IPv6 IPv4

au-WiFi

LAN IPv4

3DS

PS Vita IPv4

Final Fantasy XIV

IPv4 DNS64/NAT64

skype,

polycom, dropbox 3DS

PSVita

IPv6

4 Mac OS X IPv4 Link

Local Assamption

Prox-

yARP

3 IPv6 only

DHCP4

• IPv4 link local assumption (RFC3927 [9])MAY Mac OS X

IPv4

default route

Mac OS X 10.8 IPv4

DHCP Mac OS X 10.8

DHCP limited broadcast

DHCPv4 IPv4 link-local

address default

route

✓ ✏Internet:Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expiredefault link#6 UCS 31 0 en31.2.3.4 link#6 UHLWIi 0 0 en3✒ ✑

IPv4

on link assumption

Mac OS X 10.8

ARP

ARP

DHCP4 IPv4

default gateway

IPv4 default route

• Android OS IPv4LAN

DHCP4 IPv4

default gateway

LAN

8

• Android RAIPv6 DNS

IPv4

HappyEyeball

IPv4, IPv6 DNS

LAN DNS Fowarder DNS

Proxy IPv4 DNS

A

IPv4

A Record Filter

AAAA

WIDE

IPv6 only IPv4

IPv6

IETF sunset4 WG

DNS64/NAT64 IPv6 only network

Mac OS X IPv4 Link Local As-

samption

DHCP4 ProxyARP

IPv4

sunset4 WG IPv6 only network

ProxyARP

4.1

16 sunset4 3

DHCP4 SEIL SEIL

Proxy ARP DNS DHCP6

BIG-IP IPv6

BIG-IP A Record Filter

AAAA Record

Cliant SEILSEIILSEIProxyARPRP)

BIGIG-GGGGG-IPBIIGG IIPP(DNS64)

NAIST NAISTDNS

IPv6

ARP

IPv6 only backboneIPv6 (RA + DHCP6)

IPv6

IPv6 IPv6Internet

16: ProxyARP IPv6 only

4.2

• Mac OS X iOS 7 LAN

IPv4 IPv6

tcpdump

MAC IPv4

IPv6 DNS

Facebook App Store

IPv4 HappyEyeball

Skype dropbox

IPv4

• Windows 7 Windows 8 LAN10

LAN

1 DHCP4

LAN

1 30 LAN

Mac OS X IPv6 DNS

IPv4

HappyEyeball

Skype dropbox

IPv4

• Android 4.4

9

LAN 30

4.3

Mac OS X

DNS64/NAT64 Window 7/8

LAN 1 30

QoE Android

LAN QoE

IPv6

ssh

VPN Skype

ProxyARP sunset4

ARP IPv4

Network is Administratively Prohibited

ARP IPv6

IPv4 link-local address

Proxy ARP

IPv4 (

IPv4 link-local address

169.254.0.0/16

Proxy ARP

5 IPv6

IPv6

NTT-AT

17: UltraBand

5.1

PeerApp

UltraBand UltraBand

UltraBand IPv4 IPv6

3

RST

QoE (Quality of Experience)

Proof fo Concept IPv6

1) 2)QoE 3)

17 UltraBand

SEIL

5.2

10

18: UltraBand

19: UltraBand

18 UltraBand

,

Outgoing

Incoming

Outgoing 9 10 9

10 33.27Mbps UltraBand

9 11 1 1

19 UltraBand

Windows Update

20: UltraBand QoE

17Mbps 16.54Mbps UltraBand

20 UltraBand QoE

UltraBand

1Mbps 16.56Mbps

16 QoE

HTTP Window Update, iOS

HTTPS

NTT-AT

PeerApp

6

IPv6

2014 9 17

122 46 37.7

46 LAN

• camp1409-nat64-1x 39

• camp1409-nat64-sunset4 18

• camp1409-ipstar 9

• camp1409-lastresort 5

IPv6

11

6.1

• facebook happyeyball

• v6 only

• OpenVPN udp6 NAT64VPN IPv4

6.2

• SSID

iPhone Android SSID

• IPv6

skype polcom mobile presence v6

skype poly-

com dropbox

LAN lastresort IPv4 over IPv6

IPv4

• IPv4QoE

Thunderbird IMAP fetch

Hap-

pyEyeball QoE

7

DNS64/NAT64

A Record Filter FormError

DNS Forwader

FormError

A Record Filter ICMP pro-

tocol unreach ICMP administratively prohibited

HappyEyeball

IPv4 IPv4

✓ ✏iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j REJECT \--reject-with icmp-proto-unreachable

✒ ✑21: iptables (code 2 : Protocol Unreach-

able)

✓ ✏iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j REJECT \--reject-with icmp-admin-prohibited

✒ ✑22: iptables (code 9 : Administrativly Pro-

hibited)

IPv6

IPv6

A Record Filter ICMP

Happy Eyeball IPv4 fallback

DNS64/NAT64

LAN

IETF v6ops WG sunset4

WG

8 Appendix

8.1 Destination Unreach

8.1.1 Ubuntu 14.4 LTS

3.4 ICMP Des-

tination Unreach Ubuntu

14.14 LTS iptables

1 DHCP

Ubuntu

2 sysctl v4 forwarding=1

3 Linux iptable FORWARD CHAIN

destination

**port** unreach IP

12

✓ ✏term accept-limited-broadcast {

from {source-address {

0.0.0.0/32;}destination-address {

255.255.255.255/32;}

}then accept;

}term accept-to-local {

from {destination-address {

172.31.0.0/16;}

}then accept;

}term reject-last {

then {reject administratively-prohibited;

}}✒ ✑23: JUNOS (code 9 : Administrativly Pro-

hibited)

4 destination network

unreachable FORWARD CHAIN

IPv4

192.0.2.1 null

IPv4 .

v4 destination

port unreach 21 Pro-

toco Unreachable iptables

22 Administratively Prohibited

iptables unix OS

linux distribution BSD OS

8.1.2 Juniper EX9208

DNS64/NAT64

administratively prohibited IPv4

DNS64/NAT64

IPv4 DNS fowrder

A Record Filter

1. IPv4 DNS forwarder DNS64/NAT64

NAIST 172.31.0.1/16 DHCP4 /

IPv4 DNS forwarder OpenMicroServer OMS-

AL400/128 172.31.0.2/16 IPv6 gateway

(Juniper EX9208) DNS64 BIND

9.9 NAT64 ObenBSD Packet Filter

NAT64 prefix 64:ff9b::

DHCP6 ISC DHCP 4.2

2. 172.31.0.2 Juniper EX9208

1. accept from 0.0.0.0/32 to

255.255.255.255/32

2. accept from any to 172.31.0.0/16

3. administratively-prohibited from any to any

3. DHCP4 172.31.0.2 IPv4 default gateway

DNS 172.31.0.1

172.31.0.0/16 IPv4

A Record Filter IPv6

1 8

administartively-

prohibited avail-

ability

A Record Filter

8.2 Firefox SOCKS

1. In firefox type this in your address bar:

about:config

2. Click that you promise to be careful.

3. In the filter textbox, type:proxy

4. Find the preference name called

”network.proxy.socks remote dns”.

Double click it to set it to true.

5. ssh -D your-sock-server.your.net

13

8.3 DNS64/NAT64

VPN

8.3.1 VPN

• Cisco AnyConnect (iOS App Store version)

VPN

KMD

ASA5505 Mapped Ad-

dress ASA5505 VPN

Native IPv6

• OpenVPN / Tunnelblick (Windows 7, Mac OSX)

VPN NAIST

FreeBSD

Mapped Address

• Fortinet FortiClient SSL VPN (Windows, MacOS X)

VPN StarBED

Fortigate

Mapped Address

8.3.2 Voice / Video conference

• Skype

Skype IPv4

camp1409-lastresort

IPv6

IPv4

• Polycom Real Presence

Polycom Real Presence

IPv4

Skype

8.3.3

•

8.3.4

• DropBox

8.4

• VMWare Fusion NAT44

JAIST VMwareFu-

sion NAT

(VMware Fusion

NAT44 ). VMware Fusion

OS Mac OS X Wi-Fi

OS

.

• POPFile

8.5 sunset4

DNS64/NAT64

live-with-ipv6 WG

IPv4

IPv4 HappyEyeball

IPv6

14

8.5.1 iOS

• iTune Store

NTT-AT

iTunes Store iTunes

Store Wi-Fi

• Facebook

NTT-AT

• (Facebook) Messenger

NTT-AT

• App Store

NTT-AT

[1] Hiroaki Hazeyama, Yukito Ueno, Hirotaka Sato,

Yudai Yamagishi, Takehiro Yokoishi, and Hisa-

take Ishibashi. How much can we survive on an

IPv6 network? - Experience on the IPv6 only

connectivity with NAT64/DNS64 at WIDE camp

2011 autumn. In Proceedings of Asia Workshop

on Future Internet Technologies (AWFIT2011),

November 2011.

[2] T. Murakami, O. Troan, and S. Matsushima.

IPv4 Residual Deployment on IPv6 infrastructure

- protocol specification. Internet Draft (expired),

September 2011.

[3] O. Troan (Ed.), W. Dec, X. Li, C. Bao, S. Mat-

sushima, T. Murakami, and T. Taylor (Ed.).

Mapping of Address and Port with Encapsulation

(MAP). Internet Draft (Publication Requrested),

June 2014.

[4] Marius Georgescu, Hiroaki Hazeyama, Youki

Kadobayashi, and Suguru Yamaguchi. Empiri-

cal Analysis of IPv6 Transition Technologies Us-

ing the IPv6 Network Evaluation Testbed. In

The 9th International Conference on Testbeds

and Research Infrastructures for the Development

of Networks and Communities (TRIDENTCOM

2014), May 2014.

[5] Osamu Nakamura, Hiroaki Hazeyama, Yukito

Ueno, and Akira Kato. IPv4 Address Literal in

URL. Internet Draft (will be revised to 02), Jan-

uary 2014.

[6] Hiroaki Hazeyama, Tomohiro Ishihara, and Os-

amu Nakamura. DNS A Record Filtering for the

migration from dual stack networks to IPv6 only

networks. Internet Draft (expired), July 2013.

[7] Y. Morishita and T. Jinmei. Common Misbe-

havior Against DNS Queries for IPv6 Addresses.

RFC 4074 (Informational), May 2005.

[8] M. Bagnulo, A. Sullivan, P. Matthews, and I. van

Beijnum. DNS64: DNS Extensions for Network

Address Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4

Servers. RFC 6147 (Proposed Standard), April

2011.

[9] S. Cheshire, B. Aboba, and E. Guttman. Dy-

namic Configuration of IPv4 Link-Local Ad-

dresses. RFC 3927 (Proposed Standard), May

2005.

15

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