Victory Elijah Christian College

February Monthly Examination in Science 7- Earth Science

I. True or False

Direction: Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if is FALSE.

_____ 1. The mantle is divided into the inner mantle and outer mantle._____ 2. The theory of plate tectonics was developed before the idea of continental drift._____ 3. An echo sounder with just one beam can create a three-dimensional map of the ocean floor._____ 4. Earthquakes send waves of energy through rocks inside Earth._____ 5. Wegener believed that all the continents were once joined together._____ 6. A mid-ocean ridge runs from east to west through the center of the Atlantic Ocean._____ 7. Meteorites formed a long time ago in the early solar system._____ 8. The only mountains on the ocean floor are part of mid-ocean ridges._____ 9. The locations of earthquakes have been used to identify plate boundaries._____ 10. Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift was widely accepted as soon as it was introduced._____ 11. The movement of Earth’s plates is called plate tectonics._____ 12. Deep-sea trenches are found near the west coast of Central and South America._____ 13. The lithosphere is divided into just three major plates._____ 14. Wegener and his supporters provided a lot of evidence for continental drift._____ 15. Most geologic activity takes place far from plate boundaries.

II. Multiple Choices

Direction: Read the question carefully. Encircle the correct answer.

1. Compared with the other layers of Earth, the crust is veryA. Thick C. BrittleB. Warm D. Two of the above

2. Seismic waves reveal information about Earth’s interior because they travelA. At different speeds through different materialsB. Only through liquids and gasesC. At the same speed as sound

D. Only in straight lines

3. Earth’s layers differ from one another inA. Chemical makeup C. State of matterB. Temperature D. All of the above

4. To develop the theory of plate tectonics, scientists first had to accept the idea thatA. Earth’s core consists of molten metals.B. Some organisms can cross the oceans.C. Earth’s continents are able to move.D. All of the above

5. The idea of continental drift was first proposed in the earlyA. 1700s C.1900sB. 1800s D. 2000s

6. Evidence for continental drift comes from ancientA. Magnetic compasses C. Coal seamsB. Maps of Pangaea D. All of the above

7. Wegener observed that the Appalachian Mountains in eastern North America matched mountain ranges in

A. Western North America C. Green landB. South America D. Africa

8. Before World War II, people thought the seafloorA. Had huge mountain rangesB. Contained deep trenchesC. Was flat and featurelessD. Had active volcanoes

9. Echo sounders were first developed toA. Map the ocean floorB. Locate enemy submarinesC. Determine the depth of the oceanD. Find evidence for seafloor spreading

10. The deepest place on Earth isA. 11 km below sea level C. 1100 km below sea levelB. 110 km below sea level D. None of the above

11. Reversed polarity means that the north and south magnetic poles areA. Located in the same positions as they are right now

B. Located opposite their present positionsC. Both in the same locationD. No longer magnetic

12. Plate tectonics helps to explainA. How mountains formB. Where new seafloor is createdC. Why earthquakes occur where they doD. all of the above

13. The Pacific Ring of Fire is a ring around the Pacific ocean whereA. Volcanoes are common C. Many hot spots occurB. Tectonic plates interact D. Two of the above

14. Plates move over Earth’s surface at a rate ofA. 100 kilometers per year C. A few centimeters per yearB. A few kilometers per year D. A couple of millimeters per year

15. Plates move over Earth’s surface because ofA. Conduction within the crustB. Subduction in the outer coreC. Radiation from the inner coreD. Convection within the mantle

III. Identification.

Direction: Choose the appropriate term to complete each sentence below.

1. Scientists learn about Earth’s interior by studying __________ caused by earthquakes.2. Scientist’s think that Earth’s core is similar in composition to a(n) __________.3. The meteorologist who first proposed the idea of continental drift was __________.4. Continental drift is supported by glacial evidence that has been found near the __________.5. Wegener found coral reef fossils in areas that are too __________ today for corals to live.6. Echo sounders produce __________ that travel outward in all directions.7. Deep-sea trenches are found near chains of active __________.

- Kinetic Energy - Conservation of energy- Potential Energy - Renewable resources- Energy - Nonrenewable resources- Fuel - Radioactivity- Heat - Fossil fuels

8. The deepest trench is the Mariana Trench in the __________ Ocean.9. Earth’s lithospheric plates interact at __________.10. A rift valley forms at a(n) __________ plate boundary

IV. Essay

Direction: Answer the following question briefly. (5 pts. each)

1. Earth’s continents seem to fit together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. Explain why?

2. Compare and contrast convergent and divergent plate boundaries and the geologic activity.