fall 2011 nassau community college ite153 – operating systems session 23 shared folders 1

Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Session 23 Shared Folders

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Overview

• Shared Folders• How to Share a Folder• Network Shortcuts (Links)• Permissions for Shared Folders• Monitoring Access to Shared Folders• Required: Windows 7 Virtual Machine

Fall 2011 2Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems


Session 23Windows 7 Professional

Shared Folders

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Shared Folders

Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 4

Shared Folders

• Administrators or Power User groups can created shared folders

• Three methods:• Windows Explorer• Shared Folder Utility• net share command

• This is only for folders, not files


Shared Folders

• You set share permissions in the Access Control List (ACL) for that resource

• You set share permissions for folders, registry keys, and printers

• Default permission for s shared resource is:Full Control for the Everyone Group


Shared Folders

There are two types of shared folders:• Shared Application Folders – apps

that users can access over the networks. Usually client/server apps

• Shared Data Folders – used to store either Working Data or Public Data. Used for collaboration and wide distribution respectively


Sharing a Folder• The share can be accessed by client computers

through some naming convention, such as UNC (Universal Naming Convention) used on DOS and Windows PC computers.

• This implies that a network share can be addressed according to the following:

\\ServerComputerName\ShareName

where ServerComputerName is the WINS name, DNS name or IP address of the server computer, and ShareName may be a folder or file name, or its path.

• For example, \\appssrvr\Billing


Sharing a Folder• A shared drive or folder is often mapped at the

client PC computer, meaning that it is assigned a drive letter on the local PC computer. For example, the drive letter H: is typically used for the user home directory on a central file server

net use I: \\192.168.5.201\MS_Office

net use J: \\AppsSrvr\CRMnet use M: \\192.168.5.200\MP3snet use S: \\Reports\Sales


Shared Folders


net use I: \\192.168.5.201\MS_Officenet use J: \\AppsSrvr\CRMnet use M: \\192.168.5.200\MP3snet use S: \\Reports\Sales

Administrative Shares

• The administrative shares are the default (automatic) network shares created by most Windows NT-based operating systems (XP/Windows 7)

• These default shares share every hard drive partitionin the system.

• These shares will allow anyone who can authenticate as any member of the local Administrators group access to the root directory of every hard drive on the system

• They are not generally used or useful outside an enterprise environment and are not accessible by default on home editions of XP or Windows 7



• The administrative shares are appended with a dollar sign ($) to hide them from other users on the network



• Admin$ - shared folder used by administrators. By default %systemroot%, which is usually C:\Windows, is shared as Admin$. No other groups may access these folders

• C$, D$, E$ - point to the roots of the corresonding logical drive. Sysadmin can connect remotely to the entire volume to perform administrative tasks

• Print$ - used by sysadmins to monitor shared printers remotely

• IPC$ - facilitates IPC (Interprocess Communications) messaging between client/server systems



• Only members of Administrators and Backup Ops have the rights to these shares

• You can create shared hidden folders by appending $ to the end of the shared name


Sharing A Folder

• To create a shared folder, you use the Sharing tab in the Properties dialog box for that folder

• By default, the original folder name is used as the shared folder name, but you can change it

• Then you can use one name for working on the folder locally and another name for accessing it over the network


Sharing A Folder -Options• Share this folder: makes the contents of the

folder available to network users• Share name: network users see this name

• Comment: always a good idea to give a description

• User Limit: number of simultaneous user ≤ Maximum allowed (10 for Workgroup; xxx depending on domain license)

• Permissions: access rights for authorized users• Caching: to allow offline access


Sharing A Folder – How To• Right-click , and click Open

Windows Explore

• Right-click the folder you want to share, then click the Properties command to open the Properties dialog box

• Click the Sharing tab

• Click the Share… button for simple sharing

• Click the Advanced Sharing… button for more of the Options described in the previous slide

• Note that this is different from how it is done on Windows XP


Lab A: Sharing A Folder


Sharing A Folder - Shortcuts• Click and click

Computer

• Click Map Network Drive in top navigation bar

• Choose an unused drive letter

• Enter the UNC pathname or use the Browse button

• Select Reconnect at logon if you want mapped connection at user logon


Sharing A Folder - Shortcuts

• …or you can use the run command

• …or you can use the NET USE command


net use Z: \\PAPACOSTA-PC\Simple Graphics

Sharing A Folder - Shortcuts• …whatever method you use you should be able to see your result


Lab B: Sharing A Folder Shortcuts


Permissions For Shared Folders

You have a coarse level of access control with shared folders:

•Read – allows user to display file and folder names, data, and attributes. It also allows users to run programs in shared application folders

•Change – allows user to create folders, add files to folders, modify data and attributes in files, and delete files and folders

•Full Control – allows all of the above plus changing permissions on the shares, i.e., Full Control

•These three levels of access are controlled by two conditions: Allow and Deny


Permissions For Shared Folders

Some general guidelines for managing your shared folders:

•Determine which groups need access to each resource and the level of access that they require

•Assign permissions to groups instead of user accounts to simplify access administration

•Assign to a resource the most restrictive permissions that still allow users to perform required tasks.

•Organize resources so that folders with the same security requirements are located within a folder

•Use intuitive share names so that users can easily recognize and locate resources


Permissions for Shared Folders

• Right-click , and click Open Windows Explore

• Right-click the folder you want to share, then click the Properties command to open the Properties dialog box

• Click the Sharing tab

• Click the Advanced Sharing… button

• Then check the Share this folder box

• Note: this is different from how it is done on Windows XP



• By default you get the local name, but you can change this if you like to a name that network users will see, eg, Slides becomes ITE153_Slides

• Adjust simultaneous users if you want

• Add Comments

• Click the Permissions button …



• By default, Everyone is selected in the Group or user names list

• But you can be more restrictive. Let’s Remove this group from the list

• Then click Add to open the Select Users or Groups dialog box …



• Confirm that the object type for which you want to assign permission, in this case Users, appears in the Select this object type text box, and that the location is correct in the From this location text box

• Type the name of the user for whom you want to assign permissions

• Click OK to select the user and close the dialog box …



• The User appears under the Group or user names list

• Be sure that the Allow check box next to the Read permissions is selected. This allows Errico to read the data in ITE153_Slides

• Click OK several times to finish the permissions process

• You have successfully set the permissions for the shared folder!


Lab C: Permissions for Shared Folders


Monitoring Access to Shared Folders


You can use the Shared Folders snap-in to monitor user access to shared resources in the following ways:

•Determining the number of users accessing a shared folder•Monitoring Open Files•Send Console Message via All Tasks


Session 23Linux

Shared Folders

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It’s a Little Different in Linux

• The Network File System (NFS) allows you to share file systems among computers

• Almost transparent to user and is stateless, meaning no information is lost when an NFS server crashes

• A server is said to “export” a directory when it makes the directory available for use by other machines

• A client follows a hostname:directory notation to mount a remote directory as if it were local


Important URLS• Shared Resource - a good overview from Wikipedia

about sharing resources across different platforms

• Paths - a good discussion from Wikipedia on paths and the Uniform Naming Convention (UNC)

• Naming Files, Paths, and Namespaces - how namespaces are used in Windows

• Shared Folders - a very good nuts & bolts from Microsoft on shared folders

• Hidden or Administrative Shares - step-by-step article describes how to create and delete hidden or administrative shares on Microsoft Windows


Homework

Review the SlidesReview Lesson 9 In The Text


fall 2011 nassau community college ite153 – operating systems session 23 shared folders 1

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