fall 2011 nassau community college ite153 – operating systems 1 session 11 let’s bring...

Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 1

Session 11Let’s Bring Everything Together

(part 2)

Agenda

• Ubuntu – A very modern Linux• History of Unix• History of Windows• Virtualization



Ubuntu

Hands-onExercises


Download Ubuntu Onto Your iMac

• We are going to download Ubuntu to your MacOS

• Save the .iso file to your Desktop• This will take some time, so we’ll…chat!• Then we’ll practice bringing it up under

a virtual machine, VMFusion


Downloading Ubuntu

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/download



History of Windows

Three Eras of Windows

• MS-DOS

• MS-DOS-based Windows

• NT-base Windows


Major releases in the history of Microsoft operating systems for desktop PCs

Releases of Windows

Fall 2011 10Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

MS-DOS

• Late 1970’s Microsoft was the leading provider of the BASIC programming language

• In 1981 IBM approached Microsoft about licensing it for their new personal computer

• Microsoft licensed a clone of CP/M to IBM and renamed it MS-DOS 1.0

• CP/M was a small operating system, built for the Intel 8080 chip, from Digital Research

• It was all command line oriented, files followed an 8.3 format, and each drive was identified by a letter, e.g., A: C:


MS-DOS Based Windows• Mouse and GUI starts at Xerox PARC

and is used commercially on Apple Macintosh in 1984

• 1990 Microsoft release a successful version of Windows (first two attempts failed) called Windows 3.0

• This was not a true operating system• But in 1995 they release Windows 95

with virtual memory, process management, multiprogramming, with 32-bit programming interfaces


NT Based Windows

• Microsoft recruits Dave Cutler from DEC where he was one of the key designers of the VMS operating system

• Cutler’s new system was called NT for New Technology

• Designed to be portable across processors and it emphasized security and reliability

• Created a common API across both MS-DOS-based and NT-based WIndows


NT Based Windows

• Windows 2000 was the most significant evolution for NT

• Added plug-and-play and directory services


NT Based Windows

• Windows XP included a friendlier new look-and-feel to the graphical interface

• Has become the defacto standard• Added very solid servers


Programming Layers in Windows



Virtualization

Virtualization

• Virtual machine technology (virtualization) is more than 40 years old

• Allows a single computer to host multiple virtual machines (guests)

• The failure of one machine doesn’t bring down the others

• Very small and stable code compared to a full operating system

• Solves the lots-of-little-boxes problem


Early Hypervisor


Two Types of Hypervisor


(a) A type 1 hypervisor. (b) A type 2 hypervisor

Modern Hypervisor


A hypervisor supporting both true virtualization and paravirtualization

Hands-onExercises


Important URLs

● Xen and the Art of Virtualization - 8 years ago this paper start the modern resurgence in virtualization

● Xen – everything you ever wanted to know about Xen

● VMWare – everything you ever wanted to know about Xen

● VMFusion – all about this handy product w/free trial

● VMPlayer – a nice free version● Virtualbox – a very good free version that comes

well with Ubuntu


Homework

Review the SlidesTry To Create An ISO DiskBring Up Ubuntu and Try It


fall 2011 nassau community college ite153 – operating systems 1 session 11 let’s bring...

Documents

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