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EXCEL IN FLOATING LNG
technical guidanceon floating LNG
DNV SERVING THE ENERGY INDUSTRY floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011
02 I ENERGY I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I
Safety, health and environmental risk managementEnterprise risk managementAsset risk managementTechnology qualification
VerificationShip classification Offshore classification
GLOBAL SERVICES TO THE MARITIME AND ENERGY INDUSTRIES
© P
hoto
: Petr
obra
s and G
ola
r LN
G E
nerg
y
CONTENTS
I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I ENERGY I 03
04 DNV serving the floating offshore LNG industry06 Providing guidance in addressing the key issues08 Project references 10 Terminals location map
Demand for natural gas continues to increase and it is fast becoming the preferred fossil fuel for a number of applications. But there are challenges with respect to location, production, transportation, technology and the environment. A number of solutions have been proposed to address these issues; however these have not yet been extensively proven in practice.
DNV has played a leading role in the LNG industry’s technological evolution due to its in-depth expertise in all aspects of the LNG value chain. DNV can help manage and mitigate the risks related to LNG operations.
THE POWER TO EXCEL IN FLOATING LNG
04 I ENERGY I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I
LONG TRACK RECORD
Our LNG activities started almost 50 years ago when we
established an LNG ship research team. Since then DNV
has been at the forefront of technology development within
this sector. DNV’s expertise was closely associated with the
development of the Moss spherical tank system and the first
double corrugated membrane cargo containment system
was developed by DNV’s research team in 1962.
HOLISTIC RISK MANAGEMENT
In parallel, DNV has long been engaged in the oil and gas
industry and has classified some of the most challenging
oil floating production, storage and offloading unit
(FPSO) projects in the world. DNV is also engaged in pro-
viding risk management services to the offshore industry
and the land-based LNG industries. DNV’s services, compe-
tencies and experience cover all the links in the LNG value
chain − from gas production, processing, and liquefaction,
through shipping and regasification, to downstream con-
sumption, including the use of LNG as a fuel for ships.
We are today deeply involved in research and technology
development as well as being a service provider to new pro-
ject developments within the floating offshore LNG
industry.
We are currently involved in more than one third of the
ongoing LNG terminal developments, and classify more
than one fifth of the LNG carrier fleet on order. There is a
fleet of LNG carriers to DNV class, ranging from the small-
est LNG carrier in the world, the Pioneer Knutsen (1100
m3) to Q-flex size LNG carriers (216,000 m3). DNV has
classified the first floating regasification terminals (FSRUs)
to come into operation and is involved in many of the LNG
FPSO projects currently being progressed.
From the early beginnings of the LNG industry, DNV has played a leading role in its development. Our expertise spans the entire LNG value chain, from exploration through to decommissioning. DNV is a competent and trustworthy partner serving the floating offshore LNG industry.
SERVING THE FLOATING
OFFSHORE LNG INDUSTRY
Harald Petters e
n / Stato
il
©St
atoil
UNCONVENTIONAL
GAS/OFFSHORE
PRODUCTION FACILITIES
LNG USED AS A
MARITIME FUEL
BREAK-BULK AND
SMALL SCALE DISTRIBUTION
END-USER
OFFSHORE/ONSHORE
LIQUEFACTION
TRANSPORT VESSEL (LNG carriers)
TERMINAL/STORAGE/
REGASIFICATION
I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I ENERGY I 05©
Ph
oto
: FMC
06 I ENERGY I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I
The DNV Offshore Technical Guidance, OTG-02 “Floating
Liquefied Gas Terminals” (2011) represents the latest DNV
and industry lessons on tackling design and construction
issues for floating terminals.
The DNV Offshore Technical Guidance addresses
issues such as:
structural design
side by side analysis
arrangement and layout
risk assessment issues
integrated control systems
inspection of containment systems
validity of codes and regulations
conversion of gas ships
sloshing assessment
fatigue assessment
corrosion issues
regasification and liquefaction plant
classification and regulatory compliance
assessment of novel concepts
qualification of technology.
Many of the generic lessons learned and recommendations
arising from experience to date are presented in the guid-
ance document. It is intended to help designers, and the
industry in general, to be aware of key issues which need to
be addressed and also to provide guidance on how that
might be achieved.
ENSURING COMPLIANCE DURING CONSTRUCTION
The DNV Offshore Technical Guidance also provides a
reference to the various requirements applicable for con-
structing a compliant offshore gas terminal. It discusses,
and provides, guidance on various topics which are particu-
larly relevant for both FSRU and LNG FPSO applications
in light of experience gained by DNV and the industry in
the existing projects which are currently in operation
(FSRUs) and the ongoing studies underway for LNG FPSO
applications.
The Guidance is written in support of relevant DNV Rules
for Classification of the various floating LNG options and
also provides insight into how to address future non-stand-
ard gas concepts.
Based on our experience within the gas industry and various conceptual assessments, DNV has produced a guidance document on key issues to be addressed in floating offshore LNG projects.
PROVIDING GUIDANCE IN
ADDRESSING THE KEY ISSUES
Floating Liquefied Gas Terminals Offshore Technical Guidance OTG-02
March 2011
I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I ENERGY I 07©
Ph
oto
: Hö
egh
08 I ENERGY I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I
The abbreviations used for the services provided are:
SHE Safety, Health and Environment Risk Management
TQ Technology Qualification
MC Maritime Classification
OCS Offshore Classification Services
RBV Risk Based Verification/Certification
ARM Asset Risk Management
ERM Enterprise Risk Management
IC Independent Advisor, Independent Engineer or
Independent Technical Consultant
MC Maritime Classification
TA Technical Analysis
RAM Reliability, Availability and Maintainability Analysis
and CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics
RAM Reliability, Availability and Maintainability Analysis
CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics.
The following selection of references illustrates our broad service portfolio as related to floating offshore LNG projects. Names of our clients or the precise nature of our involvement have not been revealed due to the confidentiality clauses with our clients.
PROJECT REFERENCES
COUNTRY PROJECT PROJECT STATUS DNV SERVICES PROVIDED
Brazil Pecém Port Terminal (FSRU) In Operation SHE, OCS, RBV, IC, MC
Brazil Guanabara Bay (FSRU) In Operation SHE, OCS, RBV, MC
Brazil Tupi FLNG Planned Pre-FEED, QRA, RAM, CFD
Dubai Golar Freeze FSRU In Operation ARM, MC
Italy Triton FSRU Planned TA, TQ, SHE, OCS
Italy OLT FSRU Sanctioned SHE, ARM, ERM, IC
Italy Isola di Porto Livante – GBS In Operation SHE
Malaysia Offshore LNG FPSO Planned SHE, ARM, ERM, IC
Malaysia Offshore LNG FPSO Planned SHE, OCS
Nigeria Offshore LNG FPSO Planned SHE
Unknown Final Destination Höegh LNG FPSO Planned OCS, TA, ARM
Unknown Final Destination Bergesen LNG FPSO Planned SHE, OCS
Unknown Final Destination Knutsen LNG FPSO Planned SHE, TA, OC
Unknown Final Destination Knutsen LNG FPSO Planned SHE, TA, OCS
Unknown Final Destination LNG Partners FLNG Approval in Principal
Planned OCS
Unknown Final Destination Flex LNG FPSO Planned OCS, SHE, OCS
USA Neptune SRV In Operation RBV, MC
USA Woodside OceanWay FSRU Shelved OCS
USA Broadwater LNG FSRU Planned SHE
USA LNG FPSO Planned OCS, SHE
USA Torp Bienville LNG Planned OCS, SHE, TQ
West Africa Technology Qualification of Floating Production of LNG
Planned TQ, SHE
FLOATING LNG EXPORT AND IMPORT FACILITIES
I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I ENERGY I 09
COUNTRY PROJECT DNV SERVICES PROVIDED
Australia Darwin LNG Power study ARM
Australia Goodwyn, Woodside Energy Services RBV
Australia QGC RBV
China Review of LNG terminals navigational safety measures SHE
France Technology Qualification of Chicksan Loading Arms (FMC) TQ
France Technology Qualification of ALLS Aerial Hoses for Cargo Transfer (Technip)
TQ
Germany/Norway Technology Qualification of Cargo Transfer System (Nex-ans, Framo, Aker)
TQ
India Small Scale LNG – Indogas ERM
Monaco Technology Qualification of Cargo Transfer System (SBM) TQ
Monaco Operational Review of Side-by-Side Cargo Transfer SHE
Netherlands Technology Qualification of LNG Transfer System (Bluewa-ter)
TQ
Netherlands Technology Qualification of LNG Transfer System (Gut-teling)
TQ
Netherlands T-Tank Shell TQ
Norway Design Verification of LNG Export Tank RBV
Norway Technology Qualification of Vaporiser TQ
Norway Research programmes to establish guidelines and criteria for sloshing loads
TA
Norway QRA Kleven PSV SHE
Norway QRA STX Europe PSV SHE
Norway QRA STX Europe PSV SHE
Qatar LNG Release Consequence Modelling SHE
USA Technology Qualification of LNG Pipe in Pipe TQ
USA Technology Qualification of Cryogenic Pipe (Technip) TQ
USA QRA of Recondensing Unit for Regasification Terminal (Exxon)
SHE
USA Technology Qualification of Cryogenic Pipe (Fluor) TQ
USA Technology Qualification of Cryogenic Pipe (ITP) TQ
OTHER
10 I ENERGY I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I
LNG Kitimat
Woodside OceanWay
Cacouna Energy LNG
Rabaska
CanaportKeyspan LNG
Crown LandingNeptune
Broadwater Energy
Compass Port
Sparrows Point LNGCove Point
Beacon Port
Bay Crossing LNG
Cameron LNG
Pecèm Port Terminal
Angola LNG
Brass LNGAlba LNG
TupiGuanabara Bay
Atlantic LNG
Canary Island
Madeira LNG
Revythoussa
Gassi Touil
Skikda
Egyptian LNG
Alpi Adratico LNG
South Hook LNGDragon LNG
Zeebrugge
Rotterdam Gate LNG
Rostock LNG
Snøhvit LNG
Broadwater LNG FSRU
Gulf LNGTorp Bienville LNG
AES Ocean LNG
Neptune
Downeast LNG
Ola Kola LNG
Sines LNG terminals
Gate Sener
Grain LNG
OLT
Risavika LNG
Offshore LNG FPSO
Adriatic LNG
Triton
Liquefacation, storage and export terminals Regasification, storage and import terminals Floating terminals
Houston1400 Ravello DrKaty, TX 77449USAPhone: +1 281 396 1000
LondonPalace House3 Cathedral StreetLondon SE1 9DEUnited KingdomPhone: +44 20 7357 6080
OsloVeritasveien 1NO-1322 HøvikNorwayPhone: +47 67 57 99 00
PerthLevel 5216 St Georges TerracePerth, WAAustraliaPhone: +61 0408 006339
Rio de JaneiroRua Sete deSetembro,111/12 Floor20050006 Rio de JaneiroBrazilPhone: +55 21 3722 7232
SingaporeDNV Technology Centre10 Science Park DriveSingapore 118224Phone: +65 6508 3750
ShanghaiHouse No. 91591 Hong Qiao RoadShanghai 200336ChinaPhone: +86 21 3208 4518
I floating offshore LNG – new guidance 2011 I ENERGY I 11
Oman LNG
Adgas (Das Island)RasGas2
Dahej
Coega Integrated LNG
Greater Gorgon Australia LNG
Train SatuOffshore LNG FPSO
Macau LNG
Taochiung
Zheijang LNG
Rudong
Sakhalin II
Egyptian LNG
Revythoussa
TAP LNG
Adria LNG
Isola di Porto Levante
Rotterdam Gate LNG
Rostock LNG
Snøhvit LNG
Shtokman
fshore LNG FPSO
Adriatic LNG
Persian LNGNorth Pars
Qutar, Al-ShaheenGolar Freeze
Dalian LNG Project
Black Point
Zhuhai LNG
Shenzhen Guandong Dapeng LNG
Thi Vai
Singapore LNG
PT Bandak NGLTangguh
Wheatstone LNG
Browse LNG
Ichtys LNG
PNG LNG
Gladstone LNG
QGC
Scarborough LNG
Darwin LNGPluto LNGSunrise LNG
Tangshan LNG
THIS IS DNVDNV is a global provider of services for managing risk, helping customers to safely and responsibly improve their business performance. Our core competence is to identify. assess and advise on risk management. DNV is an independent foundation with presence in more than 100 countries.
DET NORSKE VERITAS ASNO-1322 Høvik, Norway I Tel: +47 67 57 99 00 I Fax: +47 67 57 99 11www.dnv.com
EXCEL IN FLOATING LNG
THE POWER
TO
© Det Norske Veritas AS. Design: Coor Service Management/Graphic Services 1104-040.