Eradicating Poverty Eradicating Poverty in Eritrea and in Eritrea and EthiopiaEthiopia

Thuy DangThuy DangAmy KolerAmy KolerSung LeeSung LeeJason LiouJason Liou

Alba StrugaAlba Struga

UN Millennium GoalsUN Millennium Goals

Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Eradicate Extreme Poverty and HungerHunger

Achieve universal primary educationAchieve universal primary education Promote gender equality and Promote gender equality and

empower womenempower women Reduce child mortalityReduce child mortality Improve material healthImprove material health Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other

diseasesdiseases Ensure Environmental SustainabilityEnsure Environmental Sustainability Develop a global partnership for Develop a global partnership for

developmentdevelopment

Why do UNMGs Why do UNMGs matter?matter?

Advance the means to a Advance the means to a productive lifeproductive life– For the billion plus people in For the billion plus people in

extreme poverty, the MDGs are a extreme poverty, the MDGs are a life and death issue. life and death issue.

Critical for Global SecurityCritical for Global Security– In poor societies there are In poor societies there are

frequently conflicts over scarce frequently conflicts over scarce vital resources. vital resources.

– Civil unrest could attract Civil unrest could attract terrorists, allowing them to create terrorists, allowing them to create a base of operation for future a base of operation for future attacks. attacks.

Focus of Our Focus of Our PresentationPresentation

Eradicate Extreme Poverty Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger in Eritrea and and Hunger in Eritrea and Ethiopia through:Ethiopia through:

– Fighting HIV/AIDSFighting HIV/AIDS– Increasing food security Increasing food security

Locations ofLocations ofEthiopia and EritreaEthiopia and Eritrea

Comparing Comparing Ethiopia and EritreaEthiopia and Eritrea

EthiopiaEthiopia One of the oldest One of the oldest

countries in the world countries in the world

Population of 73 Population of 73 millionmillion

50% below poverty 50% below poverty lineline

GDP per capita: $800GDP per capita: $800

Agriculture is 47% of Agriculture is 47% of GDPGDP

EritreaEritrea Independent since Independent since

May 1993May 1993

Population of 5 millionPopulation of 5 million

50% below poverty 50% below poverty lineline

GDP per capita: $900 GDP per capita: $900

Agriculture is 12.4% Agriculture is 12.4% of GDP of GDP

HIV/AIDS Work in HIV/AIDS Work in EthiopiaEthiopia

The UNDP’s strong collaboration with The UNDP’s strong collaboration with the UNAIDS Theme Group and the the UNAIDS Theme Group and the Ethiopian governmentEthiopian government

Assistance in strengthening relevant Assistance in strengthening relevant government institutionsgovernment institutions

Efforts to strengthen capacity-Efforts to strengthen capacity-building through gender building through gender empowermentempowerment

Recommendations for Recommendations for HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS

Continue to strengthen Ethiopian Continue to strengthen Ethiopian government institutions working on government institutions working on HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS

Build on leadership development and Build on leadership development and training towards more training towards more sensitive/ethical media reportingsensitive/ethical media reporting

Step up efforts to provide HIV testing Step up efforts to provide HIV testing materials for at-risk populations and materials for at-risk populations and areasareas

Food SecurityFood Security

Food Security is defined as access by Food Security is defined as access by all people at all times to adequate all people at all times to adequate nutritious food enabling them to lead nutritious food enabling them to lead healthy and productive lives. healthy and productive lives.

National Food Security: National Food Security: Food Food available in the national marketavailable in the national market

Household Food Security: Household Food Security: All All household members have affordable household members have affordable access to food access to food

Food Security and Food Security and PovertyPoverty

Food security and poverty are Food security and poverty are intricately linked; if one is improved, intricately linked; if one is improved, the other will be improved as well. the other will be improved as well.

Efforts are being made to improve Efforts are being made to improve the productivity of rural/household the productivity of rural/household farms which will improve both food farms which will improve both food security and poverty.security and poverty.

Specific Food Security Specific Food Security Goals for EritreaGoals for Eritrea1) Formulate a Food Security Strategy 1) Formulate a Food Security Strategy

2) Improve coordination of food 2) Improve coordination of food securitysecurity

3)3) Collect and analyze food security Collect and analyze food security related informationrelated information

4) Enable households to increase their 4) Enable households to increase their human and physical assetshuman and physical assets

Main Challenges to Main Challenges to Food Security in Food Security in

EritreaEritrea Persistent DroughtsPersistent Droughts

– Eritrea is located in one of the driest Eritrea is located in one of the driest areas of Africaareas of Africa

– During droughts only 25% of the food During droughts only 25% of the food necessary for the country is producednecessary for the country is produced

– Droughts occur on average every 10 Droughts occur on average every 10 yearsyears

Border War with EthiopiaBorder War with Ethiopia

Goals of Agriculture Goals of Agriculture Development Program in Development Program in

Ethiopia Ethiopia Creation of a national agricultural Creation of a national agricultural

information systeminformation system

Improved use and management of Improved use and management of small-scale irrigationsmall-scale irrigation

Functioning of microfinance Functioning of microfinance institutions to serve rural institutions to serve rural communitiescommunities

AchievementsAchievements

10,000 farmers and 4,000 staff 10,000 farmers and 4,000 staff were trained on use of improved were trained on use of improved technologies technologies

A study on the establishment of a A study on the establishment of a national computerized national computerized agricultural system agricultural system

Challenges Challenges

Persistent droughtsPersistent droughts

Population and resources Population and resources imbalanceimbalance

Prevailing antiquated Prevailing antiquated technologiestechnologies

RecommendationsRecommendations

Continue with the efforts of improving the Continue with the efforts of improving the antiquated technology in use in the antiquated technology in use in the Agricultural sectorAgricultural sector

Initiate a study for strategic diversification Initiate a study for strategic diversification and land use for the drought prone areas, and land use for the drought prone areas, and consider the possibility of moving the and consider the possibility of moving the population to more fertile areas within each population to more fertile areas within each regionregion

Increase fundraising efforts toward helping Increase fundraising efforts toward helping these two countries to eradicate poverty by these two countries to eradicate poverty by half by 2015half by 2015

RecommendationsRecommendations

Strengthen networking, exchange Strengthen networking, exchange of ideas and joint programming of ideas and joint programming between different stakeholdersbetween different stakeholders

Help both countries to resolve Help both countries to resolve their border conflict so that they their border conflict so that they can concentrate on eradicating can concentrate on eradicating poverty in their respective poverty in their respective countries countries

More Information…More Information…

For more information, please visit:For more information, please visit:

http://classes.maxwell.syr.edu/http://classes.maxwell.syr.edu/PSC651/2005/Development/PSC651/2005/Development/

THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!!!THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!!!