epri renewable energy council (mar'10) - meeting...
TRANSCRIPT
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Program 84:84B - Biomass
Stan RosinskiProgram Manager, Renewable Generation
Renewable Energy CouncilMarch 26, 2010
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2© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Strategic Objectives for Biomass
• Sustainability– Resource availability– Fuel-type– Energy supply chain
• Power generation– Repowering– Co-firing– Gasification– Others
• Minimize impact on operationand environment
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3© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsBiomass – Catalyst Deactivation
• Role of Co-firing Biomass Fuels With Coal on Deactivation of Catalyst for Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) NOx Control– Economic impacts
• Modeling to determine impacts on catalyst management strategy, associated cost
• $0.5M/yr to $1.5M/yr– Investigated mitigation methods
• Additives• Washing• Reformulation
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4© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsBiomass – Torrefaction
• Develop technology for torrefaction of various biomass feedstocks to facilitate direct co-firing– Woody biomass– Herbaceous
• Bench top testing of feedstocks• Torrefaction/pelletization• Chips/pellet characterization• Pilot scale feasibility
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5© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsBiomass – Torrefaction
Source: ECN
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6© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsBiomass – Torrefaction
• Evaluated seven species to date– Torrefied material– Pellets
• Initial modeling of torrefaction process– Optimize process parameters– Function of biomass species
• Technical update in April 2010
Torrefied Southern Yellow Pine Chips
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7© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
P84B Biomass Scope - 2010
• Guideline for building a robustsupply chain
• Power generation from biomass– Biomass properties database
• Comprehensive data collection• Web-based Excel database
– Torrefied wood full-scale tests• Co-firing 10%, 20%, 100%• PRB and bituminous
• Life cycle analysis of biomass-basedpower– State of Knowledge– NREL collaboration– Preliminary assessments
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8© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Supplemental Projects – 2010
Biomass:• Guidelines on Permitting Biomass
Power Plants• Biomass Cofiring Impact on Environmental Equipment• Using Biomass Efficiently in Energy and Transportation
Applications • Biomass Milling Tests • Best Practices for Biomass Handling• Low Cost Options for Biomass Generation• Combustion Modeling of Biomass Systems
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16© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
P84B Biomass Scope – 2011
• Biomass Supply Management– Including life-cycle analysis
• Power Generation from Biomass– Waste to energy technology summary– Biomass ash, co-fired ash utilization plan– Engineered fuels test burn– Biomass 101
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Industry Technology DemonstrationPossible Biomass Demonstration
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18© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Major Biopower Technology Options
Multiple host sites are envisioned to cover the key options
• Wood (in various forms) is dominant fuel• Major technology options:
1.Direct Firing in Existing Boiler2.Cofiring in Existing Unit3.Modify Existing Boiler to Stoker or Fluid Bed4.Externally Gasify Biomass5.Modify Gas Steam Unit6.Replace Boiler with Turbine-Sized FBC/Stoker
being considered for Demonstration
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19© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Benefits: Accelerate deployment of renewable energy by supporting the demonstration of biomass technologies that leverage existing assets, help meet renewable targets, and dramatically reduce CO2 emissions
Possible Biomass Demonstration
EPRI Role: • Work with 2 or 3 host projects that are
converting existing fossil-fired stations or adding novel co-firing capability
• Support testing and data analysis during start-up and operation
• Perform independent evaluation of plant performance and operations• Assess best practices and lessons learned regarding planning,
design, fuel supply, construction, O&M, performance, economics, etc.• Develop guidelines, reports, workshops, etc. and disseminate
knowledge to those with interests in biopower
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20© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Possible Biomass Demonstration Scope
Phase 1: Strategy, Design, & Fuel Supply Retrospective
Phase 3: Operations & Testing
Phase 2: Final Design, Construction, & Startup
Task 1, Strategy Screening Assessment
Task 2, Preliminary Design & Specifications
Task 3, Fuel Supply Chain Development
Task 5, Test Program Development & Plant Startup
Task 4, Detailed Engineering, Final Design, & Construction
Task 6, Plant Operations & Testing
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Program 84:84C - Solar
Stan RosinskiProgram Manager, Renewable Generation
Renewable Energy CouncilMarch 26, 2010
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22© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Strategic Objectives for Solar
• Improve cost/performance– Distributed PV– Central station PV– Concentrating solar thermal (CST)
• Impact of large penetration– Baseload cycling– Integration
• Large-scale• Distributed
• Minimize effects of solar variability
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23© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Solar Thermal Hybrid Projects• Conceptual design study and
detailed case studies• Included solar technology review,
site and regulatory assessment, integration, reliability, and O&M analysis
• Calculated LCOE and NPV for various operating scenarios and plant design options
• Provided due diligence on the viability and economics of solar thermal hybrid
• Identified potential hosts for both coal and NGCC plant
Pulverized Coal
Natural Gas Combined Cycle
Technical HighlightsSolar
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24© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsSolar - Underway
Rate Solar Thermal Hybrid Candidate Plants
• Qualitative ranking of solar augmentation potential– Solar resource– Plant capacity– Available land/topography – Plant age
• Mapping feature using NREL’s Solar Power Prospector webtool
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25© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsSolar - High Efficiency Photovoltaic (HEPV) EPRI-EdF-CNRS
• Objective– 50%+ PV efficiency proof of
concept• Strategy
– Begin developing real-world potential of 3rd-Generation PV devices
• Initial success metric– Lab demo of PV device
capable of commercial 40% energy conversion
• Timeframe: 2011
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26© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsSolar - HEPV
New concepts for near-term improved efficiency at lower cost• Up conversion: turn wasted IR spectrum into usable photons
– Demonstrated at record 17% energy conversion efficiency– ‘Combines’ IR photons to Si-usable photons
Long-term research• Search for promising new materials
– Materials suggested through modelingwith >50% conversion efficiency potential(published in June 09)
• Examine hot-carrier solar cell concepts– Research on hot-carrier solar cells with multiple quantum wells
showed promisingly slow thermalization rates under high light concentration
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27© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
P84C Solar Scope - 2010
• Solar Augmented Steam Cycle Applications Analysis– Greenfield applications for solar-
natural gas– Integration with biomass
• Solar Technology Acceleration Center (SolarTAC)– Benchmark PV/CPV technologies– SolarTAC demo projects
• Solar Thermal Storage Technology Assessment – Technology state-of-art– Compile information and available
field data for pilot and full scale installations
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28© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Supplemental Projects – 2010Under Development
• SolarTAC projects (multiple)• Parabolic trough testing in southeast• Solar water use• Solar-biomass case studies• Solar-geothermal case studies• Solar augmented steam cycle plant screening study• Molten salt storage for coal plants
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37© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
P84C Solar Scope – 2011
• Solar augmented steam cycles• SolarTAC
– Codes and standards– Solar fact book
• Thermal energy storage
Potential New Areas• Photovoltaic performance assessment • Solar thermal modeling
– Benchmark solar thermal technologies– Advanced power cycles
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Industry Technology DemonstrationSolar Thermal Hybrid
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39© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technology Approach
• Utilize heat from a solar field in a fossil-based plant– Gas turbine combined-cycle – Pulverized coal
• Maximum input depends on solar steam conditions, available land, and existing equipment limitations
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40© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Solar Thermal Hybrid Industry Technology Demonstration Projects
Project Description• Demonstrate integrated solar thermal technology in fossil-fired
power plants• Separate projects for natural gas and coal plants
EPRI Role• Support host in selecting design • Evaluate process flow/instrumentation diagrams and simulate
integrated plant operation• Track project development• Prepare test plan and lead the testing and monitoring program
to characterize performance• Conduct economic analysis and future cost improvement
projections, based on lessons learned
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41© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Natural Gas: NV Energy• Host Site: 1102-MW Chuck Lenzie Station, north of
Las Vegas, NV• Solar Field Size: ~95 MW proposed• Unique Features: One of the largest proposed
integrations in the world; superheated steam design boosts solar use efficiency
Coal: Tri-State G&T• Host Site: 245-MW Escalante Station in Prewitt, NM• Solar Field Size: ~36 MW proposed • Unique Features: Potentially first large-scale solar
project for pulverized coal main steam
Demonstration Project Hosts
Photo courtesy of Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association
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Program 84:84D - Wind
Stan RosinskiProgram Manager, Renewable Generation
Renewable Energy CouncilMarch 26, 2010
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43© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Strategic Objectives for Wind Power
• Improve cost/performance characteristics• Impact of large penetration
– Cycling of baseload– Integration
• Minimize effects of ‘erratic’ wind– O&M improvements– Hardware/control changes
• Optimization of wind performance
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44© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsWind – Advanced Nondestructive Evaluation
• Cost-effective inspection of windturbine components duringfabrication and in-service
• Laser shearography– Tested in collaboration with
NREL and Sandia– Initial results very favorable
• Participation in Sandia Wind Turbine Blade Collaborative
• Expand research to address other renewable energy source materials degradation issues
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45© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
P84D Wind Scope - 2010
• Wind Power Technology Assessment– Drive train, generators, blades,
towers, sensors and controls– Engineering and economic
assessment• Wind Power Asset Management
– Status of O&M and asset management technologies• Condition Monitoring and NDE• O&M procedures
Vestas V-80, 2 MW
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46© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Supplemental Projects – 2010
• Available:– Field Verification of New Wind Power Technology– Improved Wind Turbine O&M Procedures– Wind Energy Component Maintenance Guideline
• Under Development:– Trends Analysis of Wind Turbine SCADA and Online
Condition Monitoring Data– Field Verification of Wind Turbine Rotor Monitoring – ORAP Component Data Collection for Wind
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53© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
84D Proposed Wind Scope - 2011
• Wind Power Technology Assessment– Drive train, generators, blades,
towers, sensors and controls– Engineering and economic
assessment• Wind Power Asset Management
– Wind turbine asset management guidebook
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Program 84:84E - Geothermal
Stan RosinskiProgram Manager, Renewable Generation
Renewable Energy CouncilMarch 26, 2010
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55© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Strategic Objectives for Geothermal
• Improved resource assessmentand exploration technologies
• Enhanced geothermal systems• Hybrid technologies• O&M• Permitting/siting• Improved cost/performance
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56© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical HighlightsSingle-Well Engineered Geothermal System (SWEGS)
• Single-well approach– Existing depleted wells– Minimizes impact
• Applicable for lower-temperature resources
• Heat exchanger modeling and design
© 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
UTCGenerator
Grout
HeatExchanger
HeatNest
HeatReservoir
BinaryGenerator
Closed Cycle System
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57© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
P84E Geothermal Scope - 2010
• Geothermal Operations and Maintenance– Plant evaluations and assessments– O&M handbook– Training and technology transfer
• Assessment of Geothermal Power Technologies– Engineering and economic analysis
of low- and moderate-temperature geothermal resources and technologies
– Identify demonstration projects for advanced geothermal or EGS
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58© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Supplemental Projects – 2010Under Development
• Co-produced geothermal power generation utilizing existing oil and gas wells
• Advanced cooling technologies• Geothermal/Solar Hybrid
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62© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
84E Geothermal Scope – 2011
• Assessment of geothermal power technologies• O&M best practices handbook • Co-production of geothermal power with oil and gas
extraction• Novel business models for geothermal ownership
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Industry Technology DemonstrationGeothermal
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64© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Possible Geothermal Demonstration
• SWEGS technology– Front end engineering and design (FEED)– Conceptual and detailed design analysis– Preliminary engineering
• EPRI Role– Validation of the SWEGS technology– Assist in development of plant design– Independent performance assessment
Benefits: Accelerate deployment of geothermal energy from non-productive abandoned oil and gas wells to produce low cost renewable electricity with minimum environmental impact.
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65© 2010 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Renewable Generation Program 84Proposed Scope – 2011
Title Activities Funding84A Renewable Energy
Economics & Technology Status
Update cost/performance data and update Renewable Energy Technology Guide; detailed engineering & economic evaluations for geothermal, biomass repowering, energy storage; enhance NESSIE modeling activities and perform plant-specific analyses; renewable interest groups; overall P84 management
$2.25K
84B Biomass Analyses of supply issues to develop vigorous, durable fuel delivery for power stations; develop information and technologies to cost-effectively adopt biomass power within utility generation and renewable energy portfolios
$1.25M
84C Solar Updates on solar thermal hybrid projects – design and performance guidelines; SolarTAC; thermal energy storage; PV performance assessment; solar thermal modeling
$1.00M
84D Wind O&M and asset management guidebooks; technology assessments
$0.75M
84E Geothermal Assess geothermal technologies; O&M best practices; Co-production with oil and gas extraction; Novel business models for geothermal ownership
$0.75M
Total $6.0M
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